4th grade life science experiments

50 Mind-Blowing 4th Grade Science Experiments (2024)

As a parent or teacher of a fourth grader, you probably agree that science is an essential subject that can inspire and engage young minds.

However, finding fun and interactive science experiments that are both safe and suitable for fourth graders can be a challenge.

The problem is compounded by the fact that many science experiments for kids often require costly materials or advanced knowledge.

But fear not!

In this blog post, we’ve compiled a list of 50 simple science experiments that are perfect for fourth-graders.

In fact, we hand-picked these fun stem challenges and science experiments fun activities specifically for this age group.

These experiments are not only safe and easy to perform, but they are also designed to encourage curiosity, creativity, and critical thinking. 

Each of these easy science experiments will take about 30 minutes to complete from start to finish, and they all use simple ingredients from around the house, like food coloring, dish soap, paper towels, ice cubes, rubber bands, white vinegar, vegetable oil, and baking soda.

It’s also a great way to learn about the scientific method that they’ll use throughout their schooling and perhaps their whole life!

From making homemade ice cream to creating a mini lava lamp, these fun experiments will help your child discover the wonders of science in a hands-on and enjoyable way.

And, you never know; One cool experiment might be the light bulb moment that inspires them to be a scientist for life.

At the very least, you’ll probably inspire some really cool science fair projects.

So let’s dive in and explore the exciting world of science together!

50 Science Experiments for Fourth Graders

Your 4th grader will love these cool science experiments and science activities that you can do together on the weekend or after school.

1. Lava Lamp

This simple experiment is especially a hit with 4th graders (and all ages), and it will take their favorite adults back a few decades, too! This easy science activity teaches kids about density.

What You Need:

A clean plastic bottle or glass jar Vegetable Oil Baking Soda Food Coloring

Fill the bottle up with water about 1/4th full. Pour the vegetable oil into the bottle until is almost full. Use a funnel if you have one. Wait a few moments and watch as the oil and water separates.

Then, add a few drops of your favorite color food coloring. Watch the color make its way through the oil.

The next step is to break your fizzy tablet in half and drop part of it into the bottle. Watch the bubble blobs form.

Finally, if you have a flashlight, turn off the lights and drop in another half tablet. Shine the flashlight through the lava lamp while the blobs are bubbling!

What’s Happening:

The oil floats on top of the water because it is less dense (lighter) than water. The food coloring has the same density as the water so it sinks through the oil and mixes with the water. As the tablet dissolves it creates a gas called carbon dioxide.

Gas is lighter than water so it floats to the top, bringing some color with it from the food coloring. When the air releases from the colored water blob, the water gets heavy again and sinks.

2. Exploring Surface Tension (With Black Pepper!)

S urface tension is a foundational scientific principle that even young kids can begin to learn about. This simple experience using water, soap, and black pepper will get kids of all ages exploring this useful concept.

black pepper

a plate or bowl

liquid soap

First, fill the plate with a thin layer of water, less than an inch deep is plenty.

Then, sprinkle the pepper on to the water, covering a much of the water surface as possible. The more pepper, the more fun.

Finally, dip your finger into the liquid soap. Touch the pepper and see what happens!

You can see it with the naked eye – The soap is breaking the surface tension of the water! Surface tension exists in water because the water molecules (the littles pieces of the water) like to stick together.

Water has high surface tension, which mans the molecules like the pull towards each other and stick together very strongly.

But, when soap is added to it, it break the surface tension. The molecules close to your fingers are pulled away by molecules that are farther away from your finger.

3. Elephant Toothpaste

H ave you heard of the elephant toothpaste experiment yet? It’s a blast! You will need an adult for this experiment. Kids of all ages will love learning about catalysts and exothermic reactions in this simple fun science activity.

16-oz plastic soda bottle

1/2 cup 20-volume of 6% solution hydrogen peroxide liquid

1 Tablespoon dry yeast

3 Tablespoons of warm water

Liquid dish soap

Food coloring

Safety goggles

First and foremost, put on your safety goggles or protective eyewear. Hydrogen peroxide can irritate skin and eyes. As a safety precaution, an adult should always be the one to carefully pour the hydrogen peroxide into the bottle.

The next step is to add 8 drops of your favorite color food coloring into the bottle.

Then, add 1 tablespoon of liquid dish soap and swish the bottle around the mix the ingredients together.

In a separate cup, mix the warm water and yeast together for 30 seconds.

Finally, pour the yeast water mixture into the bottle and watch the foam form!

Each tiny bubble in the foal is filled with oxygen. The yeast was a catalyst (it helper) to remove the oxygen from the hydrogen peroxide. Because it happened so fast, it created lots of bubbles.

The bottle got hot because this reaction is an exothermic reaction that created heat. The foam is made up simple of water, soap, and oxygen, so you can safely pour it down the drain. Voila!

4. Homemade Slime

What kid doesn’t love slime? This is one of our favorite science experiments because it’s a sure kid-pleaser! In this basic recipe, you can make some of your own right in your kitchen, and have fun squeezing it with your bare hands all day long. Slime has quickly become one of those classic science experiments that every family should try at least once!

-White school glue

-food coloring

First, mix 1/4 cup of water and 1/4 cup of white school glue in a bowl. (Double the recipe if you’d like more.)

Next, if you want your slime to be colorful, add a few drop of food coloring to the mixture.

Then, mix 1/2 tablespoon of borax and 1/2 a cup of water and stir it around until the borax dissolves. I

Finally, add the borax solution to the glue mixture and mix them together. Voila!

Variations:

For glow in the dark slime, use glow-in-the-dark glue. For glittery slime, add glitter!

5. Light Refraction Magic

This super simple science experiment is really more of a magic trick, and it will teach your kids all about light refraction.

Piece of Paper

Get a sheet of paper and draw two big arrow on it, one near the top, and one new the bottom. Make the arrow point in the same direction.

Next, fill a glass with water. Slowly lower the piece of paper behind the glass of water. Look through the glass of water, and watch in amazement!

Refraction is the bending of ligh and it happens when light travels from one medium to another, like from air to water, or water to air. In this experiment, the light traveling from the paper through the air, then through the glass and into the water, and finally out of the glass and into the air one more before ever reaching our eyes.

Light travels the fastest through air, and a little more slowly through water, and even MORE slowly through glass. That means that the light bends when it travels through the glass cup into the water, and then it bends again when it travels out of the glass cup into the air.

The light paths actually cross and the image appears to be flipped.

6. Dancing Raisins

In this very easy science experiment that’s perfect for young kids, you’ll need a few simple ingredients that you probably already have in your household: clear soda, a glass of water, and a handful of raisins. With these simple ingredients, you’ll produce chemical reactions that your kids can watch in real time!

What You’ll Need:

A clear glass of water

Handful of raisins

First, you fill one glass with clear soda, and another glass with plain water or a different liquid that does not have gas bubbles. Then, place the raisins in each glass, and watch how they dance in the glass with clear soda.

The gas bubbles from the soda carry the raisins upwards. When they pop, the raisin sinks again.

What’s happening?

Once the carbon dioxide bubbles reach the surface of the soda they pop and the gas is released into the air. This makes the raisin lose buoyancy and fall back down to the bottom of the glass.

7. Shiny Pennies

You definitely have some dirty pennies lying around your house, so let’s put them to good use in a simple and fun science experiment that even young kids can enjoy. Pennies are copper, and they are often in circulation for years (yuck!), so they often appear very tarnished. In this experience, you’re going to see if soap or vinegar (or other liquids) do a better job at cleaning the exterior of the dirty copper penny.

What You’ll Need

dirty pennies

2 paper cups

Paper towel

Other liquids from around the house (ketchup, soda, etc.)

First, make some guesses about which liquid will make the penny the shiniest.

Then, put each penny in a paper cup. In one up, pour in enough vinegar to totally cover the dirty penny. In the other cup, pour in enough dish soap to totally cover the dirty penny.

Wait about ten minutes. A

fter ten minutes, take the pennies out, rinse them in water, and rub them with a paper tower. Now compare the pennies and see how clean they got!

Lastly, try it with other liquids from around the house.

Pennies get dull over time because the copper on the exterior reacts with oxygen from the air. The copper and oxygen form copper oxides that make the penny dull and dark.

The acetic acide in the vinegar dissolves these chemicals and leaves the penny looking new and shiny.

Dish soap is great for cleaning lots of things, but it can’t dissolve copper oxides.

8. Rainbow Celery (Capillary Action!)

Got some celery in the fridge? Then you can begin to learn about capillary action with a simple and colorful color-changing celery experiment. It’s a classic experiment!

What you need:

Glasses of water

Find a sunny spot, and fill the glasses up halfway with water.

Then drop different colors of food coloring into each of the glasses. (It’s fun to put the colors in the order of a rainbow!)

Next, cut stalks of celery and put them in the glasses of water.

Let the celery sit for awhile. It will take a few hours at least, but pretty soon you’ll notice the leaves changing colors. You can also do this experiment with a light-colored flower.

This easy experiment will demonstrate to your child how the small “vessels” in celery stalks can carry the water (and rainbow colors!) to the leaves of the celery, mimicking the way blood travels through the body.

9. Mixing Impossible

This super easy experiment involves mixing equal parts oil and water and adding a drop of food coloring to see what happens. Kids will love watching the food coloring make it through the oil. You will love how easy it is to set up and clean up!

Several drinking glasses

vegetable oil

liquid food coloring

a toothpick (if you have it

First, ask yourselves what you think will happen when you mix oil and water together.

Then, pour about ½ cup of oil into a drinking glass

Next, pour the same amount of water into the same glass

Watch how the two separate from each other!

Ask what they think will happen when you put one drop of water-based food coloring into the oil

Have the child put a drop in and observe (if the drop needs encouragement to move downward, use a toothpick)

Ask again which is denser, the water-based drop or oil (the water-based drop sinks, showing it’s more dense than oil)

Imagine two objects that are the same size but different weights. The one that weighs more has more matter packed into it. It is denser. A good way to tell if something is more or less dense than water is to put it in water. If it sinks, it’s denser, if it floats, it’s less dense. The oil floats, showing it’s less dense than water.

10. Exploring Colors With Baking Soda / Vinegar

I n this science activity for kids of all ages, your little scientists will create a chemical reaction, explore color mixing, AND create colorful artwork. Triple win!

Tray (A baking sheet will do)

Baking soda

White vinegar

Ice Cube Trays or other containers to hold the colored vinegar

Pipettes or eye droppers

Liquid watercolors or food coloring

1. Give each child a tray.

2. Fill the tray with a heaping amount of baking soda.

3. Fill each ice cube tray (or other container) with vinegar. Add liquid watercolors to the vinegar so your child has a variety of colors to use.

4. Use a pipette or eye dropper to place a few drops of the colored vinegar onto the tray of baking soda. Watch what happens!

5. Continue exploring with other colors.

One reader said this kept her kids busy for an hour! Priceless.

11. Tie-Dye

Who would have thought that everyone’s favorite t-shirt pattern is actually a great science lesson, too? All you need is an old white t-shirt or pillowcase, some rubber bands, buckets, and dye. 

Next, roll up your t-shirt and tie each rubber band strategically to create a design. 

Then, begin dipping the t-shirt in the different colored dyes.

As your child dyes the shirt, they’ll be observing water solubility and absorption in real time. The dyes are fiber-reactive, which means that a chemical reaction takes places between the dye molecules and fabric molecules so that they actually become one. The dye bonds with the fabric and actually becomes a part of it.  

To learn how to wash and care for your tie-dye shirt, click here . 

12. Mini Volcanos

This super easy baking soda and vinegar volcano eruption is a real crowd-pleaser for kids of all ages, and your kids will be begging to do it over and over again! It’s a sure winner.

All you need is a few very basic household ingredients, and your colorful volcano will be erupting in no time. It only takes about three minutes to prep.

If you want this to be a no mess science experiment, plan to do it outside on the dirt or on rocks.

Ingredients

Plastic cup

3-4 Tbs of baking soda at least

1 tsp of dish soap

Food coloring (or washable paint if you want to avoid staining)

1 cup (8 oz) of Vinegar

First, combine your base ingredients by putting the water inside of the plastic cup and filling it about 2/3 full.

Then add the baking soda, dish soap, and a little bit of food coloring or washable paint. Using washable paint instead of food coloring will help you avoid staining.

Stir the ingredients together.

Then, pour in the vinegar until it starts foaming and pouring out of the cup.

Repeat as necessary with more colors. Your kids will definitely be asking for more.

The “lava” bubbles that erupt are filled with carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide is a gas that forms when an acid — the vinegar — reacts with a base — the baking soda.

13. Static Electricity Hair

Want to provide your kids with a (literally) hair-raising good time? It’s super simple to teach your kids about static electricity with this easy, no-mess science activity.

What You need:

an inflated balloon

a piece of cloth

Rub the surface of the balloon with the cloth for at least40 seconds. Then, hold the balloon a short distance above your head and watch your hair stick to it!

T he balloon gains electrons from the cloth and becomes negatively-charged when you rub it together. Then, when the balloon touches you hair, it attracts your hair, which is positively charged.

14. What’s That Mystery Smell?

Kids of all ages can recognize a lot of different smells, and the process of using your senses is very important to the scientific method.

In this experiment, you’ll use your senses to see how many different smells you can recognize.

A grown-up or friend to help

A blindfold

Small, lidded containers that you can’t see through

Smelly things from around the house such as bananas, an orange peel, lemons, a cotton ball soaked in perfume, chopped onion, coffee (or a used coffee filter!), rose or flower petals, pencil shavings, vanilla, vinegar, ginger, etc.

First, have a grown up put the smelly items in the containers.

Then, write a number on the side of each container.

The next step is to put your blindfold on and have them help you smell each object.

Write down what you think is inside of each container.

Finally, check your guesses! How many did you guess correctly?

15. What’s That Mystery Object?

The process of using your sense of touch is very important to the scientific method. In this experiment, you’ll use your sense of touch to see how many different textures you can recognize.

A “feely” bag that you can’t see through

Small objects from around the house that have different textures, such as: a plastic bag, a water bottle, a banana, a piece of paper, a cell phone, a rubber ball, a cotton ball, a tooth brush, a washcloth, etc. Try to find objects of different materials like velvet, wool, cotton, leather, metal objects, wooden spoons or toys, pieces of aluminum foil, and other interesting objects and textures.

First, put on your blindfold. The next step is to have a grown up or friend put a mystery object in the bag for you to fell. Can you guess what each object is?

16. Sugar Water Rainbows

This science experiment is especially meant for older kids, but it can me modified for kids of all ages. Your kids will love this colorful experience about density and buoyancy, and all you need are some common household ingredients.

food colorings (preferably in rainbow colors including red, orange, yellow, green, blue, purple)

a clear straw

First, fill each of the cups with the same amount of water.

Next, add the food coloring, one color in each cup, preferably in rainbow order.

Line the cups up next to each other.

In the first cup, do not add any sugar at all.

In the second cup, add one tablespoon of sugar.

In the third cup, add two tablespoon of sugar.

In the fourth cup, add three tablepoons of sugar, and so on.

Stir each mixture until all the sugar is dissolved in each glass.

The next step is to make a sugar rainbow by placing the end of the straw in the first cup (the cup with no sugar), only about a half of an inch.

Cover the top of the straw with your thumb before lifting it out of the water so that the water does not fall out of the straw.

Now dip the straw into the second cup (1 tablespoon sugar). This time, insert it deeper so that the end is one inch below the water level. In one quick move, release the thumb and recap again. Now you should have two layers of color.

Keep dipping the straw into each solution from the one with the least sugar to the one with five tablespoons of sugar. Each time, the straw is inserted half an inch deeper.

Density is the amount of substance (mass) within the volume occupied by the object. If two cups have the same amount of water (i.e. same volume), the one with more sugar is denser than the one with less sugar.

Buoyancy is determined by relative density. The solution with less density floats above the solution with higher density. That is why the color don’t mix.

Sugary water has higher density than plain water. The solution with more sugar has higher density than the one with less sugar. If you have inserted the straw in the solutions from the least sugar to the most sugar, then the color don’t mix and you have a sugar water rainbow.

17. Painted Nature

In this activity, kids will be closely observing natural phenomena, looking for signs of life and growth, and using their senses to experience natural materials. These skills are extremely important scientific foundations.

First, have your child search for natural objects in nature. Fill a bag with interesting sticks, leaves, rocks, twigs, pebbles, and anything else you can find.

Next, bring them into the “classroom” or home to closely observe and paint them.

As you paint, you can discuss the natural colors and features of these objects: What is their texture? What do they notice about each object?

18. Magnet Magic

-Clear plastic box (look in your recycling bin)

-Pipe cleaners

This is one of the best experiments to teach your child about magnets in a colorful, magical way, and it only requires simple materials from around the house. 

First, cut up several pipe cleaners and place them in a clear plastic box. The box does not need to be fancy, just see-through.

For your first time through this demonstration, have your child take a magnet and touch it against the surface of the plastic box. They’ll find that the pipe cleaners are lifted up and move with the magnet!

What’s Happening?

Magnets attract certain types of metal. The pipe cleaners have a thin strip of metal, so the magnet is able to attract those pieces and pull it around the box.

Extension:  Next time, think of what other objects could you place in the box? What objects do you predict the magnet could move around?

19. Will it melt?

In this experiment, your kids will learn about heat and how it affects every day objects.

First, gather a range of materials (within reason) and put them in a muffin tin.

Discuss with your kids about how temperatures can get high, especially on hot days.

Ask your kids to hypothesize about what will and won’t melt.

Then put it to the test!

Caution! Be extremely careful about what you put in the muffin tin so that you do not start a fire or ruin your pan.

20. Traveling Rainbows

This colorful experiement is a super simple way of demonstrating capillary action, water travel, and color mixing.

Kids of all ages will love watching the color move through the paper towel on its own, and they’ll have a better idea of how plants get their nutrients.

6 glasses or jars

Paper towels

Food coloring (red, yellow, & blue)

First, fold six sheets of paper towel lengthwise. You may need to cut a few inches off so that it fits into the glasses well. They should go from the bottom of one mason jar to the next without sticking up too high in the air.

Next, fill the first glass with a generous squirt of red food coloring, the third with yellow, and the fifth with blue. Mix it up with a plastic spoon. Leave the other glasses empty.

Then, add water to the glasses with color until the colored water almost reaches the top.

Now add the paper towels. Starting with red, add once end of the paper towel and put the other end in the empty glass next to it.

After several minutes, the colored water will travel almost the whole length of each paper towel. You can watch the water do its magic for about 20 minutes!

The colored water travels up the paper towel by a process called capillary action. Capillary action is the ability of a liquid to flow upward, against gravity, in narrow spaces. This is the same thing that helps water climb from a plant’s roots to the leaves in the tree tops.

Paper towels (and all paper products) are made from fibers found in plants called cellulose. In this demonstration, the water flowed upwards through the tiny gaps between the cellulose fibers. The gaps in the towel acted like capillary tubes, pulling the water upwards.

The water is able to defy gravity as it travels upward due to the attractive forces between the water and the cellulose fibers. The water molecules tend to cling to the cellulose fibers in the paper towel. This is called adhesion. The water molecules are also attracted to each other and stick close together, a process called cohesion. So, as the water slowly moves up the tiny gaps in the paper towel fibers, the cohesive forces help to draw more water upwards.

21. LEGO Boats

This experiements present a great opportunity to get kids thinking about engineering and design.

First, challenge your kids to build their own boat out of LEGO bricks. For an added challenge, only give them a certain number of pieces.

Once everyone has finished building, put the boats to the test in a tub of water.

Add pennies a few at a time to see how many each boat can hold.

Talk to your kids about how weight and design matter. Reflect on good designs and help them understand why they worked well.

22. DIY Parachute

You can learn about gravity by making a DIY parachute for a light-weight toy. The parachute is easily made from materials around your house, and you can experiment with different strategies and objects.

Plastic Bag (i.e. grocery bag)

Yard/String

First, use the scissors to remove the handles from the plastic bag. Next, poke four holes around the plastic bag so that they are the same distance apart and on opposite sides of the bags.

Then, cut four holes into the rim of the paper cut.

You’ll also need to cut four pieces of yarn, 10-12 inches long. Thread one piece of yarn through the hole in the plastic cup and tie the yarn to the cup with a knot. Repeat with all four strands of yarn in the remaining holes.

Next, thread the other end of the pieces of yarn through the hole in the plastic bag and tie a knot. 

Finally, personalize and decorate your cup with stickers, paint, crayons or markers.

Now it’s time to find a toy that is going to take a ride in your parachute. Launch your parachute into the air and see what happens!

Experiment with putting different objects into the paper cup and see how it affects the parachute’s effectiveness. Does the parachute flight time increase or decrease?

You can also try creating the parachute with different materials to replace the paper bag, such as a paper towel or napkin, and see how that affects the performance.

23. Magic Milk Experiment

-Full Fall Milk

-Food Coloring

-Dawn Dish Soap

-Cotton Swabs

First, pour the milk in a small baking dish until the bottom is covered. Next, fill the milk with drops of food coloring. Glitter is optional!

Then, pour some dishwashing soap into a bowl, and dip your cotton swap tip into the dish soap to coat it. Then, gently touch your cotton swab to the milk and watch what happens!

Milk is composed of minerals, proteins, and fats, which are easy to change. When you add the dish soap to the milk, the soap molecules try to attach to the fat molecules in the milk.

When everything stops moving, you can see where all the fat molecules are.

24. Steel Wool & Vinegar Reaction

This experiment will make abstract concepts like “chemical reaction” and “rusting” become more clear and concrete.

-steel wool

-two beakers

-something to cover the beaker (paper or a lid)

-Thermometer

First, place the steel wool in a beaker. Then, pour vinegar onto the steel wool and let it soak for about a minute.

After a minute or so, take the steel wool out and shake off any excess vinegar.

Next, wrap the steel wool around the base of the thermometer and then place them both in the other beaker.

Then, cover the beaker with paper or a lid. It’s important that you keep the heat in.

You’ll want to make sure that you can still read the temperature on the thermometer. It’s a great idea to poke a hole if possible through the covering so that the thermometer can fit through it, and you can easily read the temperature.

Make a note of the initial temperature, and observe it for about five minutes.

You will see that the temperature on the thermometer gradually rises, and the beaker will likely get foggy. When you soaked the steel wool in vinegar, it removed the protective coating on the steel wool, allowing the iron in the steel to rust.

Rusting is actually a chemical reaction between iron and oxygen (or oxidation). This is the chemical reaction that creates heat, thereby increasing the temperature of the beaker and on the thermometer. This is an examples of an exothermic reaction (a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat).

25. Invisible Ink

In this fun experiment, your kids can write secret messages that they will learn how to reveal scientifically. You need only basic materials, and it’s sure to be a big hit.

-Cotton swab

-lamp or light bulm

-plain white paper

-bowl or cup

-lemon juice

First, squeeze the lemon juice into a bowl or cup and mix in a few drops of water.

Next, dip the cotton swap into the lemon juice / water mixture, and write a secret message or draw a secret picture onto the plain white paper.

Wait a few moments for the paper to dry and for the juice to become invisible.

Finally, hold the paper close to a light bulb or lamp and reveal your secret messages.

Lemon juice contains carbon compounds that are colourless at room temperature. The heat source (in this case the light bulb) breaks down the compounds and thereby releases the carbon. The carbon oxidizes when it comes into contact with the air. It then turns brown, making your invisible message visible under the hot light bulb.

26. Corn Syrup Viscosity Experiment

This experiment could not be simpler, and it’s the perfect tool for teaching kids of any age about viscosity.

-Corn Syrup

-2 glass containers (one should be smaller than the other)

-cupcake pan or 3 small bowls

-Food coloring

First, fill the larger glass container 1/2 to 3/4 full with corn syrup. Then, add the small glass container to the center. Careful! The corn syrup will rise a bit when you do this.

Next, Use a cupcake pan or 3 small bowls and put in a small amount of corn syrup. Mix each one with a food coloring of your choice. You should have three separate colors of corn syrup.

Then, put some colored corn syrup in the dropper, insert the dropper into the clear corn syrup and add the coloring in different places. Do that for each color as many times as you wish.

Now, you can turn the smaller glass jar while holding the outer glass still. The colored syrup will start to spread a bit. Now, switch direction and turn the small glass jar back to its original place. The colored dots return right back to their original form.

Corn syrup has a viscosity that is 5,000 times that of water, so they don’t mix in the same way.

27. Water Glass Trick

This is a good experiment to teach kids about air pressure.

First, fill a cup one-third of the way full with water. Then, cover the entire mouth of the cup with an index card. Next, holding the card in place, take the cup to the sink and turn it upside down. Remove your hand from underneath. You’ll be shocked what happens!

Because the water inside the cup is lighter than the air outside, the card is held in place by about 15 pounds of force from the air pushing up, while the force of the water pushing down is only about one pound of force.

28. Water Cycle in a Bag

This is one of the best science experiments to teach your kids about the water cycle, and it’s so easy to do!

-Zip lock bag

-permanent marker

-blue food coloring

-clear tape

First, use a permanent market to draw a sky on the upper half of your ziplock bag. Include clouds and the sun. 

Next, fill a cup with water and add a few drops of blue food coloring. This will help the water be more visible to your kids. Mix it up until it’s a striking blue color.  

Then, pour the water into the bag and zip it tight so no water escapes.

Now, hang your bag up on a window that gets a lot of sunshine. Affix it with tape on the corner to ensure it doesn’t fall. 

In a couple of hours, you can check on your bag, and then check again in about a day. You will eventually start to see drops of water sticking to the side of the bag. Some will be in the “clouds” and other drops will be coming down like rain.

The sun is heating up the water in the bag, which turns the water into a gaseous state in a process called evaporation. This happens in our atmosphere, too. Because the water is in a bag and has nowhere to go, it sticks to the sides of the bag, turning back into a liquid. This is called condensation. This experiment demonstrates the power of the sun to transform water into different states.

29. Orange Fizz

Overview: 

This sensory experiments is really fun for learning about acids and bases. And hardly any materials are needed!

Orange or clementine

1/2 teaspoon baking soda

First, separate the orange into sections. Then, dip a slice into the baking soda. Finally, take a bite. It will start to bubble in your mouth!

The citric acid from the orange and the opposite base from the baking soda are mixing together, creating carbon dioxide bubbles.

30. Dry Erase Magic

Overview:  In this fun and easy experiements, you’ll watch your very own drawing come to life and move around!

Glass Plate

Dry Erase Marker

First, draw a picture on the plate with the dry erase marker. Try a stick figure to start! 

Then, slowly pour water onto the plate. You’ll see the drawing slowly lift up.

Finally, make your drawing move around by swirling around the water.

The marker is a mixture of ink pigments and alcohol. When you pour the water on it, the alcohol dissolves, and the ink pigments become a solid that slides off the glass when it gets wet.

31. Homemade Play Dough

Overview : 

This is a classic DIY project, and kids of all ages will love it. 

-3 cups of flour

-1.5 cups of salt

-6 teaspoons cream of tartar

-3 tablespoons of oil

-3 cups of water

Mix and knead all the ingredients together. Voila!

32. Melting Snowballs

This is another acid and base experiment, and it’s fun on a couple different levels!

-Baking Soda

First, form snowballs by adding water to the baking soda. You’ll need about a 1/3 cup per snowball.

Then, place them in the freezer for 15 minutes. 

Finally, pour drop of vinegar on the snowballs and watch them sizzle and melt.

You can also make a snowman and do the same thing!

33. Exploding Soap

This is a surefire hit, and all you need is soap and microwave!

-Ivory Soap

First, put the bar of soap in a microwave safe bowl. Then, heat it up on high power for two minutes. Enjoy the show as the soap grow! Finally wait a couple of minutes for the bowl and foam to cool before you touch it.

Ivory soap contains small air bubbles that expand when heated in the microwave. The soap is in a solid state, so when it expands, it stays in its expanded size for the most part.

34. Paper Airplanes

Overview: There’s no better way for kids to learn about aerodynamics than by making a paper airplane. Head to this  epic website  for dozens of designs!

35. Flying Ping Pong

Your kids will love this flying ping pong trick, and there are only two things you need.

First, make sure your hair dryer is on a cool setting.Then, hold the ping pong above the nozzle and turn on the air. When you let the ping pong go, it should float! Next, try it on different settings. Try to see how far you can tilt your hair dryer before the ball drops.

36. Magical Balloon

Your kids won’t believe their eyes when you push a needle through a balloon and it doesn’t pop!

-Scotch tape

First, blow up your balloon. Next, take two pieces of scotch tape and make an X on your balloon. Then, with parental supervision, push a needle through the middle of your X.

Leave the needle in and see how long it take for your balloon to finally pop!

The tape slows down the process of the hole in the balloon widening, so it takes longer for the balloon to pop.

37. Wacky Spoon

This is more of a science trick than an experiment, but it’s super easy to do at home!

Kitchen Spoon

Look at your reflection in a large spoon. It will be upside down!

A regular mirror is flat and sends your reflection straight back into your eyes. The rounded spoon bounces your reflection back at different angles and turns your reflection upside down. 

38. Floating Eggs

This experiment will show your child how things float differently in fresh water and salt water.

-2 tall drinking glasses

First, fill one glass with water. Then, fill another glass with water and add 8 tablespoons of salt. Mix it up.

Next, place an egg in both glasses. One will float and the other will sink.

Adding salt to the water increases the water’s density which causes the egg to float.

39. Jumping Pepper

This simple experiment will demonstrate static electricity right before your eyes.

Place a tablespoon of pepper on a plate. Then, run a hair comb through your hair. While still holding on the comb, hold the comb over the plate and watch the pepper jump!

The plastic comb builds up a negative charge as it moves through you hair. The pepper has a positive charge, so it jumps!

Try it with other spices and powders.

40. Walking on Eggs

Your kids will be astonished to see that they can actually walk on eggs without breaking them!

-6 dozen eggs in their cartons

-Drop cloth / newspaper

Lay down your drop cloth in case the experiment doesn’t work as expected! 

Place the open egg cartons next to each other. Tkae off your sock and shoes and gently step onto the eggs keeping your feet flat. Then bring up your other foot and carefully walk across the eggs.

Your foot is big enough that your weight spreads evenly out across the eggs, keeping them from breaking. 

You can also demonstrate this concept with a heavy book. 

41. Disappearing Reflection

Make your reflection vanish! All you need is aluminum foil.

-Aluminum Foil

-Scissors (optional)

Rip off a large piece of aluminum foil (ten inches should do) and take a look at your reflection. Then, crumple up the aluminum foil. Next, Carefully flatten it back out. Finally, look for your reflection. It’s nowhere to be found!

When the aluminum foil is smooth, light reflect off of in in straight lines, which enables you to see your reflection. But once you crumple the foil, it has a wrinkled surface that sends your reflection in all different direction, causing it to disappear.  

42. Defy Gravity!

When you turn over a cup of water, you expect the water to spill and fall. But not always!

Clear plastic cup

Playing card or notecard

First, fill your clear glass about 3/4 of the way with water.

Next press your playing card or notecard gently on the top of your glass to completely cover the top. Gently rotate the cup upside down. After a few moments, remove the card. The water will stay in place!

Try it again, adding something that will float in the water. Repeat the steps, and see what happens!

43. Skittle Heart

Especially around Valentine’s Day, this science experiment will be well loved by your kids.

Small bowl with a flat surface. (Like a small pie pan.)

Heart-shaped cookie cutter (or any shape)

Place your skittles around the outside of the bowl in an intentional pattern. Two red skittles, following by two purple skittles, etc works well. Then, place the heart cookie cutter in the center of the bowl. Slowly pour water into the cookie cutter and see how the colors from the skittles magically fill the bowl!

44. Water Fireworks

This totally safe fireworks experiment will be a hit around the Fourth of July or any time!

Tall water glass

Small water glass

First, fill up your all water glass almost all the way with water. In the small glass, pour two tablespoons of oil. Add 2 drops of food coloring to it and mix it around with a fork until the food coloring is broken up into smaller specks.

Then, pour the oil mixture into the water and see the firework expand!

What’s happening:

Food coloring dissolves in water but not oil, causing it to go different directions.

Try two colors! Try a different size glass!

45. Bird Feeder Fun

In this simple science project, you’ll learn where birds like to have their meals.

-Pipe Cleaner

Place cheerios on a pipe clean and make a simple circle. Place it out for the birds to eat.

To experiment, place different bird feeders in different places and see if it makes a difference for how much gets eaten.

You could also make your bird feeder into different shapes to see how the birds prefer it.

46. Rain Gauge

It’s super simple to make a rain gauge from a soda bottle and track your are’a rain water!

Soda Bottle

X-acto knife (with parental supervision)

Cut the top off of a soda bottle and invert the top so that the rain water funnels into the bottle. You may want to secure it with duct tape. Next, place it outside in a spot where it can collect rain water.You’ll want to secure it so it doesn’t fall over. Then, begin measuring the rain water each day!

47. Magic Leak Proof Bag

-Ziplock Back

-Very Sharp Pencils

Fill your bag up halfway with water. Carefully poke the pencil through the bag and out the other side. (Don’t push the pencil all the way through so that it comes out the other side!) 

The plastic bag’s molecules form easily around the smooth sides of the pencil forming a seal.

48. Paper Cup Tower

Similar to the “walking on Egg” experiment listsed above, this activity will wow your children as they discover they won’t crush the paper cups by standing on them!

8 paper cups

First, set the paper cups on the grounds, spaced evenly. Next, place the cardboard on top of them. Then, try to stand on it and see what happens. Can you make another level?

49. Rubber Band Guitar

Tap into your musical side and explore sound with this simple rubber band guitar.

Paper or plastic cup

Rubber bands

Steps : 

First, wrap your rubber bands of different sizes around the cup so that the rubber bands act as strings over the hole of the cup. Then, pinch the sides of them together as best you can and tap them around the sides of the cup. See what sounds they make, and experiments with rubber bands of various sizes to see what sounds they make!

50.  Rock Candy Experiment  

Grow colorful rock candy in a glass!

We hope you (and your little scientist!) loved this list of our very favorite science experiments.

Email us at [email protected] to add your idea.

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Calie Herbst, Editor-in-Chief of Milwaukee With Kids, has spent over a decade combining her experiences as a parent of three to create a hub for Milwaukee’s family adventures.

Her decade-long teaching career in Milwaukee Public Schools and academic background, including a Master’s in Teaching from Marquette University and dual B.A.s in Sociology and Spanish from the University of Wisconsin – Madison, fuel her passion for inclusive and engaging family content.

Calie is also a recognized voice in local media, contributing to WISN Channel 12 News, WTMJ Wisconsin Morning News, Fox 6’s Real Milwaukee, and B93.3.

Discover more about Calie’s journey and editorial approach on her About Page  and Editorial Policy Page .

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Teaching Life Science – Hands-on Activities & Projects

Hands-on life science activities make teaching and learning more engaging. Read on for projects on structures and processes, ecosystems, traits, and diversity.

Hands-on Life Science Activities

Kids need to do science, not just read about it. Immerse your fourth and fifth grade students in hands-on life science activities!

Structures, Functions, and Processes

When teaching life science, focus on structures of living things. Explore the function of each structure, as well as processes they facilitate. For example:

• In plants, roots pull water into the plant, the stem transports it to the leaves, which also let in oxygen. These structures and their functions facilitate the process of photosynthesis.
• Birds’ wings (with hollow bones, aerodynamic shape, and feathers) allow it to fly.

An introduction to cells explains the building blocks of life. When upper elementary kids understand basic differences between plants and animals at the cellular level, biology makes sense. Specifically, they should know that cell walls provide support that allows plants to stand up, while chloroplasts let them make their own food.

To provide hands-on life science activities, let students look at cheek (animal) and green onion (plant) cells under a microscope. This offers a great opportunity to introduce this hierarchy: cell -> tissue -> organ -> system -> organism.

Fortunately, the study of plants also lends itself to hands-on life science exploration. As your students experiment, they’ll learn the role, or function, of each structure.

• Seeds – Let kids experience germination. First, wrap some seeds in a damp paper towel. Second, place it in a baggie. Next, hang the “baggie garden” on kids’ desks (or on a bulletin board). Finally, ask students to observe daily changes. Soon, seeds germinate. Your students will understand that seeds are necessary for reproduction. This introduction to hydroponics also illustrates that plants mainly need water and air to survive.
• Roots – Use paper towels to simulate the purposes of roots. Go get started, roll three paper towels. Cut half of one roll in strips. The strips will act as fibrous roots. For the second roll, do nothing. This represents a taproot. Then cut half of the third roll off. This poor plant has no roots. Use rocks, rice, or marbles to secure the first two plants. However, the third must only be placed on top of the “soil.” Finally, pour colored water into the “soil.” In no time, kids will see that roots anchor a plant and pull water from the soil.
• Leaves – For this activity, students watch a video. After taking notes on photosynthesis , they complete a cut-and-paste diagram. These activities show kids that structures in leaves make food.
• Flowers – Students dissect flowers. From this, they learn about reproduction of flowering plants.
• Stems – Several activities help kids understand that stems transport water. First, they use the tried-and-true celery in colored water. Second, they place ends of two paper towels into colored water – and the other ends in a middle cup.

Unfortunately, animal structures are not as easy to explore in the classroom. Furthermore, different types of animals have different structures.

Focus on Birds

Instead of studying all animals, try birds. Since they share many features with other animals (including humans), kids can transfer information. As a bonus, they have many specialized adaptations. This helps kids understand how animals adapt in order to survive. And, of course, it makes exploration more engaging.

In this animals life science activity, kids use a cooperative learning strategy, jigsaw. Using Project Beak , each child completes one set of handouts . In addition to becoming an expert at one bird body part, they learn about a specific adaptation .

When they’re done, students report back to the class. And the handouts make a great classroom display.

As a hands-on extension, students can simulate bird beaks to explore adaptations and survival. In lab groups , each child uses a different tool (e.g., chopsticks, tongs, tweezers) as a beak. They get one minute to “eat” as many organisms as possible from a simulated pond ecosystem*. As they work, kids record data on their lab sheets. Finally, they graph their findings and draw conclusions.

* For this ecosystem, I put ten sets of ten common classroom items into a container with a lid. Varying size and shape simulated different organisms. For example, my class called the cut-up rubber band a worm and the Styrofoam peanut a snail. Using a container with a lid allowed me to store the life science lab materials from year to year, as well as share with my grade-level team.

Simulate Human Body Systems

Now you can move to human body structures. Building models lets kids use hands-on life science activities. They’ll learn that each of these systems allows a different function:

• The respiratory system lets us breathe.
• Through the nervous system , sensory input is sent to our brains.
• The musculoskeletal system let us stand, walk, and move.
• Our immune systems ward off pathogens.
• The circulatory system moves blood to bring nutrients and oxygen to cells, as well as to get rid of waste and carbon dioxide.

This part of the curriculum links earth , physical , and life sciences. Kids learn that energy from the Sun allows producers to make their own food. This provides food for the entire ecosystem. Additionally, biogeochemical cycles allow matter (e.g., water, carbon, and nitrogen) to flow between Earth’s spheres (geosphere, biosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere).

Beginners create food chains to illustrate the movement of energy from the Sun to producers to primary and secondary consumers, and then to decomposers.

As they learn more, kids study movement of energy and matter in ecosystems and illustrate it with food webs.

Enjoy Teaching Life Science

When you make connections with a variety of hands-on life science activities, your students will love learning about biology. What’s more? You’ll enjoy teaching it!

All Science Fair Projects

1000 science fair projects with complete instructions.

74 Science Projects for 4th Graders

Looking for science projects for 4th graders? Our fourth grade science experiments are engaging, fun and educational, making them a great starting point to inspire a love of science.

4th Grade Science Project FAQ

What are some easy 4th grade science fair projects.

Explore these fascinating 4th grade science experiments that are not only easy to do but also make science fun! Get ready to be wowed while discovering important scientific concepts!

Sinking Through Water

Egg with Vinegar

Does Milk Help Plants Grow?

Magic Milk Painting

Breakfast and School Performance

Plant Growth and Water

Sparkling Rainbow Crystal

Plastic Milk

Does Dog Saliva Kill Bacteria?

Super Hero Egg Shells

Science fair project details right above the FAQ!

What is the best 4th grade science fair project ever?

We love the Plastic Milk science project for 4th graders. Turning milk into plastic may seem like a magic trick, but it's a classic experiment that demonstrates how heat and acid can make milk plastic-like! Young scientists will learn about the precipitation of solids and the chemical reaction between acids and bases from this cool experiment! Check out the videos to see how to make lego figures or glue from this science experiment!

Check out more Best Science Fair Projects →

What are some cool 4th grade science projects?

Get ready to be amazed by these super cool fourth grade science experiments! Choose a science experiment that catches your interest, and with just a few simple materials, you'll discover how awesome and fun science can be!

Create a Tornado in a Bottle

Electrifying Lemon Battery

Making Oobleck: Liquid or Solid?

Egg Drop Project

Colors of Skittles Experiment

Cloud in a Bottle

Science fair project details at the top of the page.

What are 5 testable questions for 4th grade?

A testable question is a question that we can answer through a science experiment. To do this, we do a control science experiment, then we change one thing in the experiment to see how it affects the result. This is how we can discover the answer to our question!

Explore science projects with these testable questions for fourth graders (find the projects at the top of this page):

What makes a cloud form?

Can drink and food taste different just by changing its color?

Does the color of light affect photosynthesis?

Does temperature affect seed sprouting?

What makes popcorn pop?

Here are more testable questions along with their science projects →

What are the top 10 science projects for 4th grade?

We've handpicked these top 10 science projects for 4th grade which dive into biology, chemistry and physics science experiments. Whether you're looking for a fun experiment or aiming to do an awesome science fair project, these science projects have got you covered!

Shrimp Habitat Preferences

Exploring the Relativity of Time

Science project details at the top of the page!

Can I do a 4th grade science fair project in a day?

Absolutely! Quick experiments using simple materials that you can find at home are an excellent choice for a one-day science fair project! It's ideal to do a simple science project with a fast chemical reaction, like the following projects.

Acid-base reactions: Mixing acids with bases quickly makes carbon dioxide gas!

Make a rocket fly sky high with just baking soda and vinegar! Rocket Film Canisters

Learn how to make your own acid/base indicator using red cabbage and use it to test different fluids! Make Your Own pH Indicator

Chromatography reactions: Separate out colors!

Did you know that some Skittles have a secret rainbow hiding inside them? Colors of Skittles Experiment

Have you ever wondered why leaves change color in the fall? Let's find out by using chromatography to separate the colors of a green leaf! Uncovering Fall Colors

Heat reactions: Heat speeds things up!

Do you want to find out which color candle burns the fastest? Which Candle Burns the Fastest?

What are some hands-on ways to find inspiration for my science fair project?

There may be free admission days or free passes to a science museum near you! Check your local library for free museum passes, nearby science museums for free entrance days and your credit card for offers.

Find a science museum near you and prepare to be awed by all that you can learn there! I always learn something new and am inspired whenever I go to a science museum!

How do I start a science fair project?

What should I do after I have a science fair project idea?

How do I make a science fair board?

What is the scientific method?

What is the engineering design process?

Where can I find a science fair competition?

The www Virtual Library: Science Fairs website also has a collection of science fairs from all over the world, as well as national, state, regional, local, and virtual competitions!

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45 Great Science Projects For 4th Graders

By Beth Roberts | Last Updated May 4, 2022

As science concepts are constantly changing and developing, kids have to grow up learning them at a rapid pace. However, this may be a time-consuming and frustrating procedure for parents and educators. If you are looking for a fun way to help your young learner keep up with the latest scientific breakthroughs, then here are some great projects you can use during family time to stimulate discussion about the latest scientific discoveries. These 45 science projects for 4th graders will keep your child engaged all year long!

1. Transfer Of Energy

Collect some marbles! This simple transfer of energy science experiment is a wonderful method to illustrate how energy is transmitted from one thing to another. This exercise requires some thought: What happens when a traveling marble collides with numerous immobile marbles arranged in a row? Find out by tossing the first marble!

2. Volcano Science 

The volcano science project is one of the most popular science fair projects globally, and it’s easy to see why. It’s entertaining and simple. Make your model out of an empty bottle, some cardboard, a few old newspapers, and any other odds and ends you can find about the house.

3. Snow Volcano

Making a volcano is a traditional science experiment for youngsters that everyone should try. It mixes science education for children with the awe-inspiring effect of a snow volcano science experiment . However, the setup and cleanup might be time-consuming. This snow volcano is an easy-to-set-up and quick-to-clean-up winter science activity!

4. Melting Snowman Winter 

Children will like this melting snowman , in which they will melt the snowman utilizing a fascinating winter scientific experiment. This snowman activity for preschoolers is ideal for toddlers, preschool, pre-k, and even elementary school students who want to sneak in a fun winter project where they will make a snowman and then melt it using snow science experiments for kids.

5. What If There Is No Electricity?

Make this handy paper flashlight , and learn about basic electric circuit principles! This activity is an excellent experiment for children because it will undoubtedly bring the science of batteries to their attention.

6. Make A Super Cool Lemon Battery

This instruction on constructing a lemon battery is excellent for a quick science fair project, a really fun home science experiment, or a classroom science exercise that requires no preparation. An intriguing experiment, Lemon Power is one that you can try to replicate with various fruits. Which fruit is the most effective battery? Experiment and see what happens!

7. Melting Snowman Slime

With this incredibly glittery and goofy Melting Snowman craft activity , your children will have a BLAST! They will have to race against the clock to construct a cute snowman out of the snowman slime before the snowman melts back into a puddle. This is a fantastic snowman activity for children during December, January, and February. You have to try these basic winter activities for elementary school students if you want to succeed.

8. How Do Antacids Work?

In this project, students investigate the chemical reaction when water is mixed with effervescent antacid tablets. This hands-on lesson demonstrates how a material might behave differently when reduced in size to the nanoscale range. It’s interesting for students to see the difference in reaction time between an unbroken antacid tablet and an unbroken one cut into several pieces.

9. Science Project On Tooth Decay

Maintaining healthy teeth is critical for chewing food, which is necessary for digestion. Due to the critical nature of teeth, tooth decay can be a major concern. A scientific fair project enables students to demonstrate how tooth decay occurs and how it can be prevented. You’ll need numerous samples for this job, and you’re unlikely to have a collection of teeth. Do not be concerned. Eggshells are an excellent replacement, and you may obtain as many as you require.

10. Mice And Music

If you’re testing mice in a maze, consider testing mice’s response to music . It is, in fact, an excellent experiment that has been replicated numerous times in laboratories. Scientists seek to examine the impact of various musical genres on mice to make connections with children. REMEMBER that if you choose to utilize live animals in your science fair project, you must ensure that the animals are not harmed!

11. Exploding Snowman

Children will go crazy for these simple winter activities for elementary students, which they will want to repeat repeatedly! Children will utilize a few common household items to create the winter science experiment to produce a baking soda and vinegar scientific experiment. Prepare for exciting giggles as the snowman grows larger and larger until it POPS! Use this as a snowman activity for children during the chilly months of December, January, and February!

12. Make A Lemon Volcano

After successfully creating a lemon battery, I found a lot of lemons asking to be utilized in another great science experiment. Therefore, what did they do? A lemon volcano can be built! There are so many lemons in our pantry that we could create the rainbow’s most beautiful creation with them all. Consider this excellent technique to utilize those lemons!

13. Force And Motion Stations

Students in fourth-grade science already understand that magnets attract certain metal items . They will do this experiment to determine the minimum distance between a magnet and an object for attraction to occur. Combine magnets of varying diameters with objects of varying weights.

14. Homemade Lava Lamp

This project will take around 2 hours to complete, including the experiment and the writing of the report. Children will learn about the interaction between oil and water in terms of density, as well as the presence of hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, by participating in this activity.

15. A Magnetic Primer Designer

How are scientists able to “replicate” DNA? They employ a technique known as Polymerase Chain Reaction or PCR. The critical component of this process is a short bit of DNA called a primer that adheres to the larger piece of DNA you wish to duplicate, called a template. In this Magnetic Primer research project , you will investigate how the amount of matches and mismatches in a primer affects its ability to adhere to, or anneal, the DNA template during polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

16. Make Frost In A Can

Making frost in a can is a simple science experiment that kindergarten students enjoy. Kids can do this frost experiment at home without becoming cold will delight them, children. For parents, teachers, and homeschoolers alike, this easy salt and ice experiment is a great way to teach children how frost forms in the winter.

17. Ice Salt And Water Temperature

We use ice to cool or maintain the temperature of our drinks. Nobody enjoys warm lemonade or drink, isn’t that correct? With this enjoyable, simple science for kids, teach children about the effect of ice and salt on temperature . This ice and salt experiment is quite easy to conduct and is ideal for encouraging children to investigate and think critically about their surroundings.

18. Growing Bacteria In Petri Dishes 

Are you looking for the greatest bacteria science fair projects that will truly impress your friends and family? Steve Spangler Science has a fantastic collection of bacteria culture ideas, hands-on experiments, and science fair projects for children! Our super-fun projects and bacteria culture experiments will allow your young scientists to witness incredible and memorable bacteria growth in front of their eyes — in a petri dish in their home or classroom!

19. Earthquake Experiment And Interactive

Set a plate of jelly on the table and then begin constructing a structure on top of it. Wobble the dish once the structure is complete so that the jelly rattles and causes the structure to collapse, showing the science of seismology .

20. How To Do the Light Total Refraction Trick?

This may be a magic trick, but we assure you that it is not! C reate the illusion of colors appearing and disappearing , convert numbers to letters, etc. The Zip Lock Bag Water Refraction experiment is a basic and straightforward but awe-inspiring experiment. Simply submerge the zip lock bag in water to remove the image. It does appear to be magical.

21. Fizzy Love Potion

This Valentine’s Day, bring science to life by including some hearts and a delightful WOW effect that will keep youngsters engaged and learning fun. This is a simple Love Potion valentine’s science project with a little extra zing because it is a chemistry science experiment. Thus, by incorporating these Valentine’s Day scientific experiments into your day at home or at school, you may add some learning to the Valentine’s Day theme.

22. Bridge Project

This initiative investigates the fundamental physics of bridges . The goal is for the student to understand which shapes are the most structurally sound through experimentation, as well as the fact that many elements are taken into consideration in the field of engineering and construction. Physics is applied practically in this project, taking place in a real-world setting.

23. Valentines Day Oobleck

Have your children ever attempted to play with Oobleck? Oobleck is an enthralling non-Newtonian fluid that possesses both liquid and solid qualities! It truly is an enthralling science experiment for children to investigate and play with. They created a Valentine’s Day science variation of Oobleck to provide a very enjoyable Valentine’s Day exercise for elementary pupils. Utilize this for your Valentine’s Day theme, scientific exploration of states of matter, or a fun Valentine’s Day idea.

24. DIY Hovercraft

This experiment has proven to be one of the most effective methods of proving the power of air time and time again. Create a floating hovercraft and learn about friction and air pressure as you go.

25. Floating Dry Erase Rainbow And Shapes

The following is yet another mind-blowing science demonstration that youngsters will want to perform repeatedly. Dry erase markers are used to draw on a shallow dish or plate, and then water is progressively added. This is because the marker is insoluble in water and will float to the top of the water!

26. Glittery Purple Valentine Slime

Within 5 minutes, you can put together this incredibly entertaining Valentine Activity. Make this Valentine Slime in minutes with only a few simple supplies, some of which you may already have at home. They are easily obtained from your local craft store, Amazon, or Walmart if you do not have them. Use this in conjunction with your creative Valentine’s Day ideas for kids.

27. Paper Airplane Science

Create your theory about paper aircraft , and then conduct your experiment to test that idea. This article will provide you with all of the information you require.

28. Sunscreen Painting

Do your children become irritated when you apply sunscreen to them? Alternatively, you might say no outright. Demonstrate that sunscreen does protect from dangerous ultraviolet rays. Make this a full-fledged experiment by experimenting with different SPFs or comparing it to other creams or lotions that do not contain SPF.

29. Gummy Bear Osmosis

Perhaps you’ve seen some of the interesting, basic scientific experiments available online, but one that caught our eye was testing osmosis using gummies . Jordyn C. Jordyn, one of our contributors, conducted this gummy bear osmosis experiment with her children. We’ll share her results below; however, if you want to do your experiment, here’s everything you’ll need.

30. Magic Milk

I enjoy simple yet meaningful experiences that encourage young children to investigate, explore, and marvel at the world around them. The magic milk scientific project should be simple, quick to complete, and have a fantastic WOW moment. This experiment using milk and food coloring satisfies all three criteria! At home, in the classroom, or at your homeschool coop, try this milk science experiment for kids’ fun Valentine’s Day activity!

31. Unpoppable Bubbles

Is it possible to hold a soap bubble in your hand ? Yes, this is correct! A small amount of glycerin makes the soap bubble layers more durable, allowing you to gently toss them from person to person without breaking them.

32. Crystal Names

A complete list of fourth-grade science experiments would be incomplete without mentioning crystals. Growing crystals is a popular activity among children of all ages, making it an excellent opportunity to teach them about supersaturated solutions. When you first shape pipe cleaners into the shapes of their names, the traditional experiment takes on a whole new meaning.

33. Does Mint Cool Things Down?

Mint is a perennial blooming herb that comes in a variety of varieties. It thrives in shaded, chilly, wet places. Numerous individuals appreciate mint’s mild, refreshing flavor. Mint-flavored gum, breath fresheners, and hard candies frequently advertise the cooling effect of mint by incorporating pictures of frost and ice. However, is this impression a result of the mint’s true cooling effect ?

34. Which Food Will Rot First?

It’s critical to communicate to your children that they don’t have to wait to realize their ambitions of becoming scientists; they can start right away in their kitchens. They only need to think like a scientist to succeed. The first thing they require is for them to begin with a question. My little scientists came up with the question, “ Which food will go bad first? ” Here’s how we went about trying to figure it out!

35. Newton’s Law

Newton’s First Law asserts that an object in motion will continue to move unless acted upon by an external force. Use a string of beads to demonstrate Newton’s Law of Gravity when the beads are pulled ever so little and then begin to fall out of a glass or other container.

36. Layered Liquids Density 

Are you trying to come up with a nice Valentine’s Day science project for February? When the layered liquids stack up in gorgeous Valentine’s day hues, the children will be amazed. This will be one of the most memorable valentine’s science experiments that they will ever participate in. This Layered Liquids Density exercise is a terrific approach to teaching children about density through a fun, hands-on, and visually appealing density experiment that they will enjoy.

37. Oil Spill Experiment

This oil spill exercise will assist you in gaining a better understanding of the negative impacts of oil spills on the marine ecosystem. We have all heard of oil spills and their devastation of Mother Earth and the marine life that depends on it. However, those who do not encounter these impacts firsthand are unaware of their magnitude.

38. Beach Erosion Demonstration

Where has the beach vanished? Have you ever observed how the coastline changes after a large storm? Why does the seashore have a different appearance? You’re observing the effect of coastal erosion, and you can now set up a beach erosion activity and demonstration to demonstrate to your children how it works. This simple and enjoyable ocean science exercise is certain to be a favorite with your children, as it incorporates hands-on learning!

39. A Ping Pong Catapult

If you were a member of a raiding army in the Middle Ages, a catapult would have been extremely useful for destroying castle walls. However, only if you could accurately aim it! You will experiment with catapult technology in this science project. With a rubber band-powered catapult, you will launch ping pong balls into the air. The catapult design makes it simple to measure and repeat the force with which the ball is launched and its direction, allowing you to establish the optimal catapult settings for reliably hitting the goal.

40. Leprechaun Rocks

When it comes to concealing their gold, leprechauns are cunning. It is insufficient to seek refuge at the end of the rainbow. As a result, even if you reach the end of the rainbow, you will not discover a gold mine. They’d never make it that simple. However, you may come upon some strange green rocks – leprechaun rocks if you look about. With this leprechaun rocks scientific experiment , you’ll discover the secret science of luring the Leprechaun to release their treasure.

41. Amazing Food Coloring Flower 

This simple Flower Science Experiment will teach children about the elements of a flower, the floral’s life cycle, and capillary action – all while engaging them in a wonderfully beautiful flower activity! Children will be able to paint flowers using this flower experiment – even turning white flowers into two-color blooms! This color-changing flower experiment is one of the most incredible kindergarten science experiments I’ve ever seen. Get started by printing out the free food coloring flower experiment worksheet.

42. Make An Anemometer

Using your very own anemometer, determine the wind speed ! Simple earth science is demonstrated using a garden contraption constructed of paper cups, tape, straws, a pencil, and a thumbtack.

43. Simple Geranium Photosynthesis

This SIMPLICITY photosynthesis project enables children to learn about photosynthesis visually. With just a few readily available supplies, you can do this plant experiment for kids in minutes. Your children will like learning and retain much more information about what they do than what they hear. And introducing your children to a world of inquiry, curiosity, and trial and error will prepare them for success in any endeavor they pursue in life.

44. Balloon Rocket

The balloon rocket experiment is an excellent example of a children’s science project that may be carried out at home, in the classroom, or at science fairs. It’s always enjoyable to work on science projects and learn about the research’s rationale. The balloon rocket is an excellent science experiment for 4th Grade Science Projects.

45. Make A DIY Weather Vane

As spring approaches, we observe various changes in the weather, making it an excellent time to investigate with some fun weather activities for kids and weather experiments for kids to help children learn more about wind, rain, clouds, and more! I’ll demonstrate how to create an EASY weather vane , a DIY compass, and additional weather topics that 4th students would enjoy. Therefore, get a few readily available materials and construct this handmade weather vane today.

40 Innovative and Educational Science Projects for 4th Graders

Diving into the world of science can be a thrilling adventure, especially for curious 4th graders! You know the challenge: keeping young minds engaged and eager to learn. That’s where the magic of hands-on science experiments comes in. These activities aren’t just fun; they’re gateways to understanding complex scientific concepts in a way that’s both accessible and enjoyable.

In the following sections, we’ll explore 40 innovative 4th grade science experiments, each designed to spark creativity and foster a deeper appreciation for the wonders of science. From creating a solar oven to exploring the lifecycle of butterflies, these projects address a wide range of topics including ecology, physics, chemistry, and more.

Get ready to embark on a journey that promises to transform curiosity into knowledge and experiments into excitement. Let’s ignite the scientific spark in every 4th grader!

Basic Principles and Fun Experiments

1. creating a solar oven – understanding solar energy.

The aim of this project is to teach 4th graders about solar energy and how it can be harnessed to perform tasks like cooking. By building a solar oven, students will learn how solar power is a sustainable and eco-friendly energy source.

• A pizza box (or any small cardboard box)
• Aluminum foil
• Plastic wrap
• Black construction paper
• A stick or straw to prop open the lid
• Thermometer (optional)
• Ingredients for simple cooking, like marshmallows or cheese
• Prepare the Box: Cut a flap in the lid of the pizza box, leaving at least an inch border around the three sides.
• Reflective Surface: Cover the inner side of the flap with aluminum foil, ensuring it’s smooth to reflect the sun’s rays.
• Insulation: Tape a layer of plastic wrap over the opening you cut in the lid to create an airtight window for sunlight to enter.
• Absorption: Line the bottom of the box with black construction paper to absorb heat.
• Set-Up: Place the food item on top of the black paper, close the lid, and use the stick to prop open the foil-covered flap.
• Cooking: Position the oven outside in direct sunlight, adjusting the flap to reflect the sun’s rays into the box.

Observations:

Students should observe how the temperature inside the box increases, how long it takes for the food to show signs of cooking, and any changes in the effectiveness based on the oven’s position relative to the sun.

Through this experiment, students learn how solar energy can be captured and used for heating and cooking. They understand the principles of energy transformation from light to heat and the importance of renewable energy sources. This hands-on experience demonstrates the practical application of science in daily life and encourages environmental consciousness from a young age.

2. Homemade Barometer – Studying Atmospheric Pressure

The goal of this experiment is to introduce 4th graders to the concept of atmospheric pressure and how it can be measured. By creating a homemade barometer, students will understand how changes in air pressure can be used to predict weather changes.

• A clean, empty glass jar
• Cardstock or sturdy paper
• Prepare the Jar: Cut the balloon so that you can stretch the piece over the open end of the jar, creating a tight, drum-like surface.
• Indicator Setup: Tape the straw to the center of the balloon surface, making sure a part of the straw extends over the edge of the jar.
• Calibration: Place the ruler vertically next to the jar and use the marker to make a reference line on the cardstock where the straw points.
• Observation Point: Position your barometer in a place where it won’t be disturbed and where it can be observed regularly.

Encourage students to record the straw’s position relative to the reference line at the same time each day. They should note any changes in the straw’s position and correlate these changes with the weather conditions and temperature.

Through this experiment, students learn how atmospheric pressure affects the environment and can be an indicator of weather changes. The homemade barometer helps them understand that a rise in the straw indicates high pressure (generally signaling good weather), while a fall indicates low pressure (often signaling bad weather). This simple yet effective project not only teaches basic principles of meteorology but also encourages regular observation and data recording, fostering scientific thinking and curiosity about the natural world.

3. Ice Cream in a Bag – Exploring Freezing Point Depression

This fun and tasty experiment aims to teach 4th graders about the concept of freezing point depression. By making ice cream in a bag, students will understand how adding salt to ice lowers its melting point, allowing the ice cream mixture to freeze.

• Small Ziploc bags
• Large Ziploc bags
• Half and half cream or milk
• Vanilla extract
• Rock salt or table salt
• Measuring cups and spoons
• Gloves or towels (to protect hands from the cold)
• Ice Cream Mixture: In a small Ziploc bag, mix one cup of half and half, two tablespoons of sugar, and half a teaspoon of vanilla extract. Seal the bag tightly.
• Ice-Salt Mixture: Fill a large Ziploc bag halfway with ice cubes and add about six tablespoons of salt to it.
• Combining the Bags: Place the small bag with the ice cream mixture inside the large bag with the ice and salt. Seal the large bag.
• Shaking: Shake the bags for about five to ten minutes. Use gloves or a towel to hold the bags, as they will get very cold.
• Checking Consistency: After shaking, check the small bag to see if the ice cream has solidified to the desired consistency.

Students should observe the process of the liquid mixture turning into ice cream. They should note the temperature change in the ice bag and how the addition of salt to ice speeds up the freezing process of the cream mixture.

This experiment demonstrates the scientific principle of freezing point depression, where the addition of a substance (salt) to a solvent (water) lowers its freezing point. Students learn that this is the reason why salt is used on icy roads in winter. The activity also encourages a hands-on approach to learning scientific concepts, making science fun and memorable, especially when the result is as delicious as homemade ice cream!

4. Dancing Corn – Observing Chemical Reactions with Baking Soda and Vinegar

This experiment is designed to show 4th graders the fascinating effects of a chemical reaction. By creating ‘dancing’ corn, students will observe the reaction between baking soda and vinegar, providing a visual and engaging demonstration of gas production and density.

• A clear glass or plastic cup
• Dried corn kernels
• White vinegar
• Baking soda
• Setup: Fill the glass about three-quarters full with vinegar.
• Adding Corn: Add a spoonful of dried corn kernels to the vinegar in the glass.
• Creating the Reaction: Add a teaspoon of baking soda to the mixture and stir gently.
• Observation: Watch as the corn kernels begin to ‘dance’ up and down in the glass.

Students should observe the immediate reaction between the vinegar (acid) and baking soda (base), resulting in the production of carbon dioxide gas. These gas bubbles attach to the corn kernels, making them less dense and causing them to rise to the surface. Once the gas escapes, the kernels sink back down, only to be lifted again as more gas bubbles form.

This experiment demonstrates a basic acid-base reaction and the production of a gas as a byproduct. It helps students understand concepts of chemical reactions, gas production, and density in a fun and interactive way. The ‘dancing’ motion of the corn provides a clear and visual way to grasp these scientific principles, making it an excellent activity for young learners to engage with basic chemistry concepts.

5. DIY Periscope – Understanding Light Reflection and Angles

The purpose of this project is to teach 4th graders about the principles of light reflection and how angles affect the path of light. By building a DIY periscope, students will learn how mirrors can be used to see objects that are not in the direct line of sight.

• A milk carton or a long, rectangular cardboard box
• Two small mirrors
• Scissors or a craft knife (to be used under adult supervision)
• Duct tape or strong adhesive
• Prepare the Box: Seal one end of the box if it’s open and then cut two squares at opposite ends of the box at a 45-degree angle, one at the top and one at the bottom.
• Positioning Mirrors: Place a mirror inside each square opening, positioning them so that they reflect the light from one to the other. The mirrors should be facing each other at a 45-degree angle.
• Securing Mirrors: Secure the mirrors in place using tape, ensuring they are firmly attached and positioned correctly.
• Testing the Periscope: Look through the lower hole and adjust the angle of the mirrors until you can see through the top hole clearly.

Students should note how the light is reflected from one mirror to the other, allowing them to see over or around obstacles. They can experiment with the periscope by looking over walls or around corners, observing how the periscope changes their view.

This DIY periscope project demonstrates the basic principles of light reflection and the importance of angle in directing light paths. Through this activity, students learn that light travels in straight lines and can be redirected using mirrors. This fun and practical application of physics principles helps to demystify the concept of light reflection and offers a tangible example of how science is used in everyday objects.

Ecology and Environment

1. biodegradable plastic creation – learning about environment-friendly materials.

The aim of this project is to educate 4th graders about the importance of sustainable materials and the environmental impact of plastics. By creating biodegradable plastic, students will understand the concept of biodegradability and the role it plays in reducing pollution.

• Food coloring (optional)
• Vegetable oil
• Parchment paper
• Mix Ingredients: In the saucepan, mix 1 tablespoon of cornstarch, 2 tablespoons of water, 1 tablespoon of vinegar, and 1 teaspoon of vegetable oil. Add a few drops of food coloring if desired.
• Cook the Mixture: Heat the mixture over low heat, stirring constantly. As it heats, the mixture will begin to thicken and clump together into a gel-like substance.
• Cooling: Once the mixture has thickened, turn off the heat and allow it to cool slightly.
• Shaping: Spoon the mixture onto parchment paper and shape it as desired. It can be flattened to form sheets or molded into different shapes.
• Drying: Allow the shaped plastic to air dry for a few days until it hardens completely.

Students should observe the change in the mixture from a liquid to a solid state. They can also check the durability and flexibility of the dried bioplastic and note any changes over time, such as brittleness or further hardening.

Through this experiment, students learn about the possibility and significance of creating environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional plastics. This hands-on project demonstrates how everyday ingredients can be transformed into a biodegradable material, emphasizing the importance of sustainable practices and innovation in materials science. It encourages students to think about the impact of materials on the environment and the potential for greener alternatives in everyday life.

2. DIY Terrarium – Studying Ecosystems and Plant Growth

This project aims to teach 4th graders about ecosystems, plant growth, and the water cycle. By creating a DIY terrarium, students get a firsthand look at how plants interact with their environment and the basics of a self-sustaining ecosystem.

• A clear, sealable jar or plastic container
• Small pebbles or gravel
• Activated charcoal (optional, helps with odors and mold)
• Potting soil
• Small plants (such as mosses, ferns, or succulents)
• Decorative elements like small figurines, rocks, or twigs (optional)
• Spray bottle with water
• Layering the Base: Start by placing a layer of pebbles or gravel at the bottom of the jar for drainage. Over this, if using, add a thin layer of activated charcoal.
• Adding Soil: Add a layer of potting soil, thick enough for the plants’ roots to grow.
• Planting: Carefully plant the small plants in the soil. Arrange them so each has enough space to grow.
• Adding Decorations: Place any decorative elements in the terrarium for aesthetic purposes.
• Watering: Lightly spray the inside with water, ensuring the soil is moist but not overly wet.
• Sealing: Seal the jar or container.

Students should observe how water cycles within the terrarium, creating a self-contained ecosystem. They can monitor plant growth, condensation on the jar walls, and any changes in the plants’ health or soil condition.

Through this activity, students learn about ecosystems, plant care, and the water cycle in a miniature, controlled environment. The terrarium demonstrates how plants use and recycle water, and the importance of a balanced ecosystem. This project not only educates about environmental science but also instills responsibility and care for living things. It’s a vivid illustration of how various elements in an ecosystem work together, making it a practical and engaging educational tool.

3. Water Filtration System – Understanding Water Purification Processes

The objective of this project is to educate 4th graders about the importance of clean water and how water filtration systems work. By constructing a simple water filtration system, students will learn about the processes involved in purifying water and the significance of clean water in the environment.

• A clear plastic bottle (cut in half)
• Cotton balls or a piece of cloth
• Sand (both coarse and fine)
• Gravel or small pebbles
• Activated charcoal (can be found in pet stores)
• Dirty water (can be made by mixing garden soil with water)
• A glass or container to catch the filtered water
• A funnel (optional)
• Preparing the Bottle: Turn the top half of the bottle upside down (like a funnel) and place it into the bottom half.
• Layering Materials: Start by placing cotton balls or a cloth at the bottom of the upside-down bottle top. This acts as the first filter.
• Adding Charcoal: Add a layer of activated charcoal over the cotton. This helps remove odors and impurities.
• Adding Sand and Gravel: Place a layer of fine sand over the charcoal, followed by a layer of coarse sand. Finish with a layer of gravel or small pebbles.
• Pouring Water: Slowly pour the dirty water into the top of the bottle and let it drip into the lower part of the bottle.

Students should observe the filtration process as the water passes through each layer and note the changes in the water’s appearance. They should compare the dirty water with the filtered water in terms of clarity, color, and any particles.

This experiment helps students understand how different materials can filter out contaminants from water, making it cleaner. It provides a basic understanding of how water purification systems work and highlights the importance of having access to clean water. This hands-on project not only educates about environmental science but also raises awareness about global water issues, emphasizing the need for effective water purification methods in our communities.

4. Recycled Paper Making – Exploring Recycling and Conservation

This project is designed to teach 4th graders about the recycling process and the importance of conservation. By making recycled paper, students will learn how paper is recycled and the environmental benefits of recycling.

• Scrap paper (used printer paper, newspapers, etc.)
• A blender or food processor
• A large basin or container
• A screen or mesh (an old window screen or mesh produce bag works well)
• A rolling pin or a bottle
• A sponge or towel
• An iron (optional, for use under adult supervision)
• Decorative items (like flower petals or leaves, optional)
• Preparing the Pulp: Tear the scrap paper into small pieces and soak them in water for a few hours or overnight. Blend the soaked paper into a pulp using a blender or food processor.
• Setting Up the Workspace: Place the screen or mesh over the basin or container. Pour the pulp onto the screen, spreading it out evenly.
• Forming the Paper: Use the rolling pin or bottle to press out as much water as possible. Use a sponge or towel to absorb extra moisture from the top.
• Drying the Paper: Carefully lift the screen and place the wet paper on a flat surface to dry. If desired, press flowers or leaves into the pulp for decoration before it dries.
• Finishing Touches: Once the paper is dry, it can be carefully peeled off the screen. If needed, an iron (used under adult supervision) can be used to flatten the paper.

Students should observe the transformation of scrap paper into a new sheet of paper. They can note the texture, thickness, and strength of their recycled paper compared to regular paper.

Through this experiment, students learn about the recycling process and the concept of resource conservation. This project highlights how waste material can be transformed into useful products, promoting environmental sustainability. It also encourages creativity and resourcefulness, showing that recycling can be both practical and fun. By understanding the value of recycling, students become more aware of the importance of conserving natural resources and reducing waste in our environment.

5. Soil Erosion Demonstration – Demonstrating the Effects of Erosion

This project aims to demonstrate the effects of soil erosion to 4th graders. By simulating erosion in a controlled environment, students will understand how natural elements like water and wind can lead to the loss of soil, and the impact this has on the environment.

• Two large, shallow trays or baking pans
• Grass seeds (optional)
• A watering can or spray bottle
• A fan or hairdryer (to simulate wind)
• A small bucket or container for water
• A ruler or measuring tape
• Preparation of Trays: Fill both trays with an equal amount of soil. In one tray, plant grass seeds and allow them to grow for a few days until a small layer of grass is established.
• Simulating Rain: Using the watering can or spray bottle, gently water both trays to simulate rainfall. Observe how the water interacts with the soil in each tray.
• Simulating Wind: Use the fan or hairdryer to blow air over both trays, simulating wind. Observe the effect of the wind on the soil in each tray.
• Measuring Soil Loss: After simulating rain and wind, measure any soil that was displaced from each tray to compare the amount of erosion in the tray with grass versus the tray without grass.

Students should observe the differences in how the soil reacts in both trays. In the tray with grass, there should be less soil erosion compared to the tray without grass. They should also note the impact of both water and wind on the soil.

Through this experiment, students learn about the process of soil erosion and the importance of vegetation in preventing it. The grass acts as a natural barrier, holding the soil together and reducing the amount of soil lost due to elements like wind and water. This project not only educates students about environmental science but also emphasizes the need for sustainable land management practices to prevent soil erosion, which is crucial for maintaining healthy ecosystems and agriculture.

Physics and Mechanics

1. simple electric circuit – learning about electricity and circuit design.

The aim of this project is to introduce 4th graders to the basics of electricity and circuit design. By building a simple electric circuit, students will learn how electrical circuits function and the role of each component in the circuit.

• A small light bulb (like a flashlight bulb)
• Two AA batteries
• Electrical tape
• A small bulb holder (optional)
• Two pieces of insulated copper wire, each about 6 inches long
• A AA battery holder (optional)
• A small switch (optional)
• Preparing the Wires: Strip the ends of the copper wires to expose the metal.
• Connecting the Bulb: Attach one wire to the base of the light bulb or bulb holder. Secure it with electrical tape.
• Completing the Circuit: Attach the other end of this wire to one end of the battery or battery holder. Attach the second wire to the other terminal of the battery.
• Making the Connection: Touch the free end of the second wire to the metal part of the bulb or bulb holder. If using a switch, connect the switch between the wire and the bulb.
• Testing the Circuit: When the two free ends are connected, the bulb should light up, completing the circuit.

Students should observe that the bulb only lights up when a complete circuit is made, allowing electricity to flow from the battery to the bulb. They can experiment with disconnecting and reconnecting the wires and observe how breaking the circuit stops the flow of electricity.

Through this experiment, students learn the basic principles of electrical circuits, including the necessity of a complete loop for electricity to flow. They also understand the roles of different components in a circuit, such as the power source (battery), conductors (wires), and the load (light bulb). This project provides a foundational understanding of electricity and circuitry, which are key concepts in physics and essential knowledge for future scientific learning.

2. Pendulum Experiments – Understanding Gravity and Motion

The purpose of this experiment is to help 4th graders understand the concepts of gravity and motion through the study of pendulums. By observing how a pendulum moves, students will learn about periodic motion and the forces that influence it.

• A length of string or yarn (about 1-2 meters long)
• A weight (such as a small metal washer or a key)
• A sturdy chair or a hook on the ceiling
• A protractor
• A stopwatch or timer
• Setting Up the Pendulum: Tie the weight to one end of the string. Secure the other end of the string to the chair or hook, ensuring that the weight can swing freely without touching anything.
• Measuring Swing: Use the protractor to measure and mark different angles (like 15°, 30°, 45°) for the initial swing of the pendulum.
• Starting the Experiment: Pull the weight to one of the marked angles and release it, making sure not to push it.
• Timing the Swings: Use the stopwatch to time how long it takes for the pendulum to complete a set number of swings (for example, 10 swings).
• Repeating the Experiment: Repeat the experiment for different angles and record the time it takes for each.

Students should observe how changing the angle affects the pendulum’s motion. They should note if the swing time changes with different angles and the behavior of the pendulum at varying heights.

This experiment demonstrates the principles of pendulum motion, showing that the period of a pendulum (the time it takes to complete a swing) is affected by its length but not by the weight or the initial angle. Students learn about the force of gravity and how it influences motion. This hands-on activity not only teaches important physics concepts but also encourages critical thinking and observational skills, as students analyze how different variables affect the pendulum’s movement.

3. Balloon Rocket – Demonstrating Newton’s Third Law of Motion

This project aims to demonstrate Newton’s third law of motion – for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction – using a simple and fun balloon rocket experiment. This hands-on activity helps 4th graders understand the basic principles of motion and force.

• A long piece of string (about 10-15 feet)
• A balloon (regular party balloons work well)
• A plastic straw
• Two chairs or sturdy objects to tie the string to
• A tape measure (optional)
• String Setup: Stretch the string between two chairs or other sturdy objects and tie it securely. Ensure the string is taut and horizontal.
• Preparing the Balloon: Inflate the balloon but do not tie it off. Carefully tape the straw lengthwise to the balloon without letting the air escape.
• Launching the Balloon Rocket: Thread the string through the straw. Hold the balloon at one end of the string, keeping the opening pinched to prevent air from escaping.
• Observation and Release: Let go of the balloon and watch as it rockets along the string.

Students should observe the direction the balloon moves in relation to the air escaping from it. They should notice that the balloon moves in the opposite direction to the air being expelled.

This experiment visually and interactively demonstrates Newton’s third law of motion. The air rushing out of the balloon acts as the ‘action’ force, and the movement of the balloon in the opposite direction is the ‘reaction’ force. This simple yet effective demonstration helps students grasp a fundamental concept of physics. It not only makes learning about forces and motion exciting but also encourages curiosity and exploration in scientific principles.

4. Homemade Compass – Exploring Magnetism and Earth’s Magnetic Field

This project is designed to teach 4th graders about magnetism and how Earth’s magnetic field can be used for navigation. By creating a homemade compass, students will learn how a magnetic needle can be used to find direction.

• A sewing needle or small nail
• A small magnet
• A small bowl of water
• A small piece of cork or foam
• Magnetizing the Needle: Stroke the needle or nail with the magnet around 30-50 times always in the same direction. This will magnetize the needle.
• Preparing the Float: Cut a small disc or square from the cork or foam. It should be big enough to hold the needle and float on water.
• Attaching the Needle: Lay the magnetized needle on the cork or foam piece.
• Setting Up the Compass: Fill the bowl with water and gently place the cork or foam with the needle on the surface of the water.
• Observation: Watch as the needle or nail aligns itself in a north-south direction.

Students should observe how the needle aligns itself along a specific direction. They can use a compass or a smartphone app to check if the needle points towards the magnetic north.

Through this experiment, students learn about the properties of magnetism and how Earth itself acts as a giant magnet with a magnetic field. They discover that a magnetized needle, when free to rotate, aligns itself with the Earth’s magnetic field, pointing towards the magnetic north and south poles. This simple yet insightful experiment helps students understand the basic principles of navigation and the Earth’s magnetism, encouraging further exploration in the fields of Earth science and physics.

5. Optical Illusions with Mirrors – Studying Light and Reflection

The purpose of this project is to teach 4th graders about the properties of light and reflection through the creation of optical illusions with mirrors. This experiment will help students understand how mirrors can alter our perception of reality by manipulating light and images.

• Two small mirrors (they should be identical in size)
• Tape or a mirror holder to keep the mirrors at an angle
• Various small objects or toys
• A piece of paper and a marker (optional, for drawing and creating additional illusions)
• Setting Up the Mirrors: Position the two mirrors so that they are standing up and facing each other. Use tape or a mirror holder to keep them at a 90-degree angle (forming a ‘V’ shape).
• Placing Objects: Place a small object or toy in between the mirrors and observe how it is reflected.
• Creating Illusions: Experiment with moving the object around in the space between the mirrors. Try using different objects or drawing shapes or simple figures on paper and placing them between the mirrors.
• Observation and Reflection: Observe the number of reflections, how they change with the object’s position, and how the images interact with each other.

Students should notice how the mirrors create multiple reflections of the object, making it seem like there are several identical objects in the space. They should also observe how changing the angle of the mirrors or the position of the object affects the reflections.

This experiment demonstrates the concept of reflection and how light bounces off surfaces, such as mirrors, to create images. It helps students understand that the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence and how this principle can be used to create optical illusions. This activity not only teaches fundamental concepts of physics but also encourages creativity and exploration in the world of optics and light.

Chemistry and Reactions

1. acid-base reaction with cabbage juice – exploring ph levels.

This experiment is designed to teach 4th graders about pH levels and acid-base reactions. Using red cabbage juice as a natural pH indicator, students will learn how to identify acidic and basic household substances.

• Red cabbage
• A pot for boiling
• Clear glasses or test tubes
• Various household substances (e.g., vinegar, baking soda, lemon juice, soap, soda, etc.)
• A dropper (optional)
• Making Cabbage Juice: Chop the red cabbage into small pieces and boil it in water until the water turns a deep purple color. Let it cool and strain out the cabbage pieces. The resulting liquid is your pH indicator.
• Preparing Samples: Pour a small amount of cabbage juice into each glass or test tube.
• Testing Substances: Add different household substances to the cabbage juice. This can be done using a dropper or by simply pouring a small amount into the juice.
• Observation: Observe the color change in the cabbage juice to determine if the substance is acidic or basic.

Students should notice that the cabbage juice changes color depending on the pH level of the substance added. Acids will turn the juice pink or red, bases will turn it green or yellow, and neutral substances will cause little to no color change.

Through this experiment, students learn about acids, bases, and pH levels in a visual and interactive way. The natural pH indicator of red cabbage juice helps them understand that different substances have different chemical properties, and these properties can be identified by their reaction to pH indicators. This activity not only educates about basic chemistry concepts but also demonstrates the practical application of science in everyday life.

2. Homemade Glue from Milk – Chemical Transformation Processes

This project aims to teach 4th graders about chemical transformation processes by making homemade glue from milk. Students will learn how a chemical reaction can transform everyday materials into something entirely different and useful.

• 1 cup of milk
• 4 teaspoons of white vinegar
• A small pot or saucepan
• A strainer or cheesecloth
• A small container for the glue
• Creating Curds: Heat the milk in the pot until it is warm, not boiling. Add the vinegar to the milk and stir gently. The milk will curdle, separating into curds and whey.
• Separating the Curds: Strain the mixture through the strainer or cheesecloth to separate the curds from the whey. Keep the curds and discard the whey.
• Making the Glue: Rinse the curds with water to remove any remaining vinegar. Then, place the curds back into the pot and add a small amount of baking soda (about a teaspoon). Heat gently while stirring until the mixture thickens into a paste-like consistency.
• Storing the Glue: Transfer the paste to your container. Allow it to cool before using it as glue.

Students should observe the curdling process, noting how the addition of an acid (vinegar) to the milk causes it to separate into solid curds and liquid whey. They should also note the changes in texture and consistency as the curds are transformed into glue.

This experiment illustrates the concept of chemical transformation, showing how combining certain substances can lead to a chemical reaction that creates a new product. In this case, acid (vinegar) is added to a protein (milk), causing it to curdle, and then neutralized and thickened with a base (baking soda) to create glue. This activity helps students understand the practical applications of chemistry in everyday life and encourages them to think about the science behind common products.

3. Color-Changing Flowers – Demonstrating Capillary Action and pH Changes

This experiment is designed to show 4th graders the concepts of capillary action and pH changes in a visually engaging way. By using color-changing flowers, students will observe how flowers absorb water and how pH levels can affect the color of certain substances.

• White flowers (such as carnations or daisies)
• Food coloring in various colors
• Clear glasses or vases
• Vinegar and baking soda (to alter pH, optional)
• Preparing the Flowers: Trim the stems of the flowers at an angle, so they can easily absorb water.
• Coloring the Water: Fill the glasses or vases with water. Add several drops of different food coloring to each glass. Stir to mix.
• Placing the Flowers: Place one flower in each colored water glass or vase.
• Observation: Over the next 24-48 hours, observe the flowers as they absorb the colored water. Notice any color changes in the petals.
• Experimenting with pH: For an additional experiment, alter the pH of the water in one of the glasses using vinegar (to make it more acidic) or baking soda (to make it more basic) and observe if there is a difference in how the color shows up in the flower compared to those in regular water.

Students should notice the flowers gradually changing color as they absorb the colored water. They might also observe differences in the color intensity depending on the color of the dye used. If experimenting with pH changes, they may see a difference in how the color presents in the flower.

This experiment visually demonstrates how plants use capillary action to draw water up through their stems into their petals and leaves. It also shows how pH levels can affect the color of substances, in this case, the food coloring in the water. This project not only teaches important scientific concepts but also sparks curiosity and encourages further exploration into plant biology and chemistry.

4. Sugar Density Rainbow – Exploring Density and Solubility

The objective of this experiment is to teach 4th graders about the principles of density and solubility through the creation of a sugar density rainbow. This colorful and interactive project helps students understand how different concentrations of a solution can affect its density.

• Granulated sugar
• A measuring cup
• Five small glasses or cups
• A spoon for stirring
• A dropper or a small syringe
• A tall, clear glass or jar
• Preparing Sugar Solutions: In each of the five small glasses, mix a different amount of sugar with a fixed amount of warm water to create solutions of varying densities. For example, start with one teaspoon of sugar in the first glass, two teaspoons in the second, and so on, up to five teaspoons in the fifth glass.
• Coloring the Solutions: Add a few drops of different food coloring to each solution and stir well until all the sugar is dissolved.
• Layering the Solutions: Carefully layer the solutions in the tall glass using the dropper or syringe, starting with the most sugar-dense solution (five teaspoons) at the bottom. Gradually add the less dense solutions, one by one, to form distinct layers.
• Creating the Rainbow: Continue until all the solutions are added, and observe the formation of a rainbow-like structure.

Students should observe that the sugar solutions with higher density (more sugar) stay at the bottom, while those with lower density (less sugar) float on top, creating distinct and colorful layers. They can see how the difference in sugar content affects the density of each layer.

This experiment vividly demonstrates the concept of density in liquids, showing that the more solute (sugar) a solution has, the denser it becomes. It also illustrates the principle of solubility, as the sugar dissolves in water to form solutions of varying concentrations. The sugar density rainbow is not only a visually engaging experiment but also a practical demonstration of important chemical concepts, making learning both fun and educational for young students.

5. Yeast Inflation Experiment – Understanding Fermentation and Gases

The aim of this experiment is to teach 4th graders about the process of fermentation and gas production, specifically how yeast produces carbon dioxide. This hands-on activity helps students understand the biological and chemical principles behind fermentation.

• A packet of active dry yeast
• A small, clear plastic bottle
• A measuring spoon
• A thermometer (optional)
• Preparing the Yeast Mixture: In the plastic bottle, mix a packet of active dry yeast with about a cup of warm water (ideally around 100°F or 38°C) using the thermometer to check the temperature.
• Adding Sugar: Add a tablespoon of sugar to the mixture and shake or stir to dissolve.
• Attaching the Balloon: Stretch the balloon by blowing it up a few times, then place it over the mouth of the bottle using the funnel if needed.
• Observation: Place the bottle in a warm place and observe changes over the next 30 minutes to an hour.

Students should watch as the balloon begins to inflate. They should note the time it takes for the balloon to start inflating and how much it inflates, observing the gas production from the yeast.

Through this experiment, students learn about the process of fermentation, where yeast converts sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide. The inflation of the balloon demonstrates the production of carbon dioxide gas, a byproduct of fermentation. This experiment helps students understand the role of yeast in baking and brewing and introduces them to basic concepts in biology and chemistry related to cellular respiration and gas production. It is a simple yet effective way to visualize and understand a biological process that has practical applications in everyday life.

Biology and Life Sciences

1. plant growth in different conditions – studying how environment affects growth.

This experiment is designed to teach 4th graders about the impact of environmental conditions on plant growth. Students will learn how factors such as light, water, and soil type affect the growth and health of plants.

• Seeds (such as beans or peas, which are fast-growing)
• Several small pots or containers
• A sunny spot and a shaded spot
• Measuring cup
• Ruler or measuring tape
• Setting Up: Plant seeds in different pots using the same type of soil. Ensure each pot has drainage holes at the bottom.
• Varying Conditions: Place the pots in different environmental conditions. For example:
• Pot 1 in a sunny spot with regular watering.
• Pot 2 in a shaded spot with regular watering.
• Pot 3 in a sunny spot but with less frequent watering.
• Pot 4 in a mixture of sand and soil, with regular watering.
• Regular Care: Water the plants as per their designated schedule.
• Observation: Observe and record the growth of the plants in each pot daily or weekly. Measure the height of the plants and note any changes in the color and health of the leaves.

Students should observe differences in growth rate, height, leaf color, and overall health among the plants in different conditions. They might notice that plants with adequate light and water grow healthier and faster.

This experiment demonstrates how different environmental conditions can significantly impact plant growth. Students learn that plants require certain conditions to thrive, such as proper light, water, and soil. This activity not only teaches basic principles of botany and ecology but also instills a sense of responsibility and care in maintaining living organisms. It highlights the importance of environmental factors in plant growth, providing a practical and hands-on approach to learning about the natural world.

2. Owl Pellet Dissection – Learning About Food Chains and Digestion

The goal of this project is to provide 4th graders with a hands-on experience to learn about food chains, predator-prey relationships, and the digestion process in birds of prey, specifically owls. Dissecting owl pellets will help students understand how owls consume and digest their food.

• Owl pellets (one for each student or group; these can be ordered from scientific supply companies)
• Dissection tools (tweezers, toothpicks, or small probes)
• Disposable gloves
• White paper or a dissection tray
• A magnifying glass
• Charts or guides for identifying bones and other remains found in the pellets
• Hand sanitizer
• Preparation: Give each student or group an owl pellet. Have them put on disposable gloves for hygiene.
• Dissecting the Pellet: Gently pull apart the pellet using the dissection tools. Spread the contents on white paper or a tray for easy observation.
• Identifying Remains: Use the magnifying glass and identification charts to examine and identify the bones and other remains found in the pellet. This may include skulls, bones, fur, and feathers of the owl’s prey.
• Recording Observations: Have students record their findings, noting the types of animals the owl has eaten and any other interesting observations.

Students should note the different types of prey items found in the pellet. They can compare the contents with those found by others to see the variety in the owl’s diet.

Through this activity, students learn about the diet of owls and their role in the food chain as predators. The owl pellet dissection provides insight into the owl’s hunting and feeding habits and the process of digestion in birds of prey. This hands-on experiment helps students understand biological concepts like food chains, digestion, and adaptation in a tangible and engaging way. It also fosters skills in observation, analysis, and scientific recording.

3. DIY Stethoscope – Understanding Human Body and Heartbeats

The purpose of this project is to teach 4th graders about the human body, specifically how to listen to and understand heartbeats. By creating a DIY stethoscope, students will learn about the function of the heart and how doctors use tools to check on our health.

• A small funnel
• A length of flexible tubing (about 1-2 feet long, such as a garden hose)
• Tape (duct tape or electrical tape)
• A clock or stopwatch with a second hand
• Assembling the Stethoscope: Attach the narrow end of the funnel to one end of the tubing. Ensure it’s airtight by using tape to secure the connection.
• Using the Stethoscope: Place the wide end of the funnel against someone’s chest, over where their heart is. Put the other end of the tube in your ear.
• Listening to the Heartbeat: Listen carefully to hear the heartbeat. Count the number of beats in a minute using the clock or stopwatch.
• Experimenting: Try listening to the heartbeat after different activities like resting, jumping, or running, and observe how the heart rate changes.

Students should be able to hear the heartbeat through their DIY stethoscope. They should note how the heartbeat sounds and how the rate changes with different activities.

This experiment helps students understand how the heart works and the importance of heart rate in indicating the body’s activity level. It demonstrates the basic principles of how a stethoscope works and gives them a hands-on experience in using a medical tool. This activity not only educates students about the human body and health but also sparks interest in biology and medicine. It’s a simple yet effective way to introduce them to the concept of monitoring and understanding bodily functions.

4. Butterfly Lifecycle Study – Observing Metamorphosis

This project aims to educate 4th graders about the lifecycle of butterflies, focusing on the process of metamorphosis. By observing the transformation from caterpillar to butterfly, students will learn about the stages of development in insects and the concept of metamorphosis.

• Live caterpillars (can be ordered from a science education supplier)
• A butterfly habitat or a large container with a lid (holes must be punched for ventilation)
• Fresh leaves or caterpillar food (usually provided with the caterpillars)
• Twigs or branches for pupation
• A notebook for recording observations
• A camera or drawing materials for documenting the stages
• Setting Up the Habitat: Place the caterpillars in the butterfly habitat or container along with fresh leaves or special caterpillar food.
• Daily Care and Observation: Feed the caterpillars daily and observe their behavior and growth. Note changes in size, shape, and activity.
• Pupation: Watch as the caterpillars eventually attach themselves to twigs or the sides of the container and transform into chrysalides (pupae).
• Observing Metamorphosis: Monitor the chrysalides until they emerge as butterflies. This transformation can take several days.
• Release: Once the butterflies are fully formed and their wings are dry, release them into the wild.

Students should observe each stage of the butterfly’s lifecycle: from caterpillar to chrysalis, and then to butterfly. They should note the duration of each stage, changes in the caterpillar’s appearance, the formation of the chrysalis, and the emergence of the butterfly.

Through this experiment, students gain a firsthand understanding of metamorphosis, witnessing the dramatic changes that occur in the butterfly’s lifecycle. This project teaches important biological concepts, such as life cycles, growth stages, and adaptation. It also fosters a sense of responsibility and care for living creatures, as well as a deeper appreciation for the complexity and beauty of nature.

5. Microscopic World Exploration – Using a Microscope to Study Small Organisms

The goal of this project is to introduce 4th graders to the world of microscopy and the diversity of life that exists at the microscopic level. Students will use a microscope to explore and study small organisms and materials, gaining an understanding of the complexity and variety of life forms that are not visible to the naked eye.

• A light microscope (a simple student microscope will suffice)
• Prepared microscope slides (can include plant cells, animal cells, bacteria, etc.)
• Blank slides and cover slips
• Water samples from a pond or aquarium (to observe living organisms)
• Other items to observe (such as a piece of hair, a drop of blood, salt crystals, etc.)
• A camera or smartphone for taking pictures through the microscope (optional)
• Learning to Use the Microscope: Familiarize students with the parts of the microscope and how to use it. Explain how to adjust the focus and change the magnification.
• Observing Prepared Slides: Start with prepared slides to observe a variety of cells and organisms. Have students adjust the focus and magnification to see different details.
• Preparing and Observing Own Slides: Allow students to prepare their own slides with water samples or other materials. They can place a drop of water on a slide, cover it with a cover slip, and observe.
• Recording Observations: Encourage students to draw or describe what they see under the microscope. If possible, take photographs through the microscope for documentation.

Students should note the differences in shape, size, and structure of the various cells and organisms they observe. They can compare the complexity of different samples, such as the simplicity of single-celled organisms versus the complexity of multicellular organisms.

This project provides an eye-opening experience into the microscopic world, illustrating the diversity and complexity of life at a scale not visible to the naked eye. It introduces students to basic concepts in microbiology and cell biology, fostering a sense of curiosity and wonder about the natural world. This activity also helps develop skills in scientific observation and documentation, essential in the field of biology.

Earth and Space Sciences

1. homemade volcano – understanding geological formations and eruptions.

The aim of this project is to teach 4th graders about geological formations, specifically volcanoes, and the science behind volcanic eruptions. By building a homemade volcano and simulating an eruption, students will gain an understanding of how volcanoes form and why they erupt.

• A small bottle or a glass jar (this will be the volcano’s “vent”)
• Modeling clay or play dough (to build the volcano)
• Red food coloring (for effect)
• Dish soap (to make the “lava” foamy)
• A tray or a large plate (to contain the mess)
• Safety goggles (optional, for eye protection)
• Building the Volcano: Use the modeling clay or play dough to build a volcano around the bottle or jar, leaving the opening at the top uncovered. The volcano should be sturdy and have a wide base.
• Preparing the Eruption Mixture: In the bottle, mix a few tablespoons of baking soda, a squirt of dish soap, and a few drops of red food coloring.
• Simulating the Eruption: Pour vinegar into the bottle and quickly step back to observe the eruption.

Students should observe how the mixture in the volcano quickly reacts and overflows, simulating a volcanic eruption. They should note the foam’s color and consistency and how the reaction continues until the reactants are used up.

Through this experiment, students learn about the basic principles of chemical reactions, simulating the explosive nature of volcanic eruptions. The mixture of vinegar (acid) and baking soda (base) creates a reaction that releases carbon dioxide gas, causing the foamy “lava” to erupt out of the volcano. This activity not only educates students about geological processes but also demonstrates important concepts in chemistry, such as acid-base reactions and gas production, in a fun and engaging way.

2. Basic Star Gazing – Exploring Constellations and Astronomy

The objective of this project is to introduce 4th graders to the basics of astronomy and the night sky. Through star gazing, students will learn about different constellations, stars, and other celestial bodies, enhancing their understanding of the universe.

• A star map or a star gazing app (many free options are available for smartphones)
• A clear night sky (preferably away from city lights)
• A flashlight (optional, for reading the star map)
• Blankets or chairs (for comfort)
• Binoculars or a telescope (optional, for a closer view)
• A notebook and pen (for recording observations)
• Choosing a Location: Find a dark spot with a clear view of the night sky, away from the bright lights of the city.
• Using the Star Map/App: Use the star map or app to identify different stars and constellations in the night sky.
• Observing the Sky: Look for constellations and notable stars. If available, use binoculars or a telescope for a closer view.
• Recording Observations: Have students write down or draw the constellations they find and note any interesting observations.

Students should be able to identify several constellations and stars. They may also observe the moon, planets, or meteor showers if these are visible.

Through this activity, students gain a basic understanding of astronomy and the night sky. They learn how to identify constellations and stars, and they gain an appreciation for the vastness and beauty of the universe. This project encourages curiosity about space and science, and it can be a stepping stone to more in-depth astronomical studies. Additionally, it provides an opportunity for students to engage with nature and develop observational skills.

3. Weather Station Creation – Studying Meteorology and Weather Patterns

The goal of this project is to educate 4th graders about meteorology and the observation of weather patterns. By creating a simple weather station, students will learn how to measure and record various weather elements such as temperature, rainfall, and wind direction.

• A thermometer (to measure temperature)
• A rain gauge (can be homemade using a large, clear plastic bottle with measurements marked on the side)
• A wind vane (can be constructed from lightweight materials like cardboard, a straw, and a pin)
• An anemometer (can be homemade using cups and straws)
• A compass (for wind direction)
• A calendar (to track weather over time)
• Setting Up Instruments: Set up the thermometer in a shaded area, the rain gauge in an open area, and the wind vane and anemometer in a location with good exposure to wind but no obstructions.
• Recording Data: Each day at the same time, record the temperature, the amount of rainfall (if any), and the direction and speed of the wind.
• Observing Weather Patterns: Over time, observe and record any weather patterns or changes, such as changes in temperature throughout the seasons or variations in rainfall.
• Analyzing Data: After collecting data for a period, analyze the information to identify any trends or patterns in the weather.

Students should observe the daily and seasonal changes in weather patterns. They might notice variations in temperature, differences in rainfall, and changes in wind direction and speed.

This project helps students understand the basics of meteorology and the importance of weather observation. By tracking and analyzing weather data, they learn about different aspects of weather and how it can vary over time. This activity not only teaches scientific observation and data collection skills but also fosters an interest in natural science and the environment. It illustrates the impact of weather on daily life and the environment, highlighting the importance of meteorology in understanding and predicting weather conditions.

4. Rock and Mineral Testing – Learning About Geology and Earth’s Composition

This project aims to teach 4th graders about geology, specifically the properties of different rocks and minerals. Through hands-on testing, students will learn to identify various rocks and minerals and understand their composition and formation.

• A collection of different rocks and minerals
• A ceramic tile (for a streak test)
• A steel nail or paperclip (for a hardness test)
• Vinegar (to test for carbonate minerals)
• A notebook and pen for recording observations
• Safety goggles (optional for eye protection)
• Visual Inspection: Use a magnifying glass to examine the color, shape, size, and texture of each rock and mineral.
• Streak Test: Rub a rock or mineral across the ceramic tile to observe the color of its streak.
• Hardness Test: Use a steel nail or paperclip to scratch the surface of the rock or mineral to test its hardness.
• Acid Test: Carefully apply a few drops of vinegar to the rock or mineral to see if it fizzes, which indicates the presence of carbonate minerals.
• Recording Observations: Record the properties of each rock and mineral, including color, streak color, hardness, and reaction to vinegar.

Students should observe the different properties of the rocks and minerals, such as color, streak, hardness, and reaction to acid. They might notice that some minerals leave a colored streak while others do not, or that some are harder than others.

This experiment helps students learn about the physical properties that geologists use to identify rocks and minerals. They gain an understanding of how these natural resources are categorized and the processes involved in their formation. This activity not only teaches basic geology but also encourages careful observation and analytical thinking, providing a foundation for further study in earth sciences.

5. Tornado in a Bottle – Demonstrating Vortex and Weather Phenomena

The purpose of this project is to teach 4th graders about weather phenomena, specifically tornadoes, by creating a “tornado in a bottle.” This hands-on activity will help students understand how a vortex forms, simulating the motion of a tornado.

• Two 2-liter clear plastic bottles
• A washer or a specially designed tornado tube connector (available at science stores)
• Glitter or food coloring (optional, for visual effect)
• Preparing the Bottles: Fill one of the bottles about three-quarters full of water. If desired, add glitter or a few drops of food coloring to the water to make the tornado more visible.
• Connecting the Bottles: Place the washer over the opening of the water-filled bottle. Then, invert the second bottle and line up its opening with the washer. If using a tornado tube connector, screw one end into each bottle. Secure the two bottle openings together with duct tape to ensure they are tightly connected and leak-proof.
• Creating the Tornado: Turn the bottles so the one with water is on top. Swirl the bottles in a circular motion and then hold them steady. Observe the water as it creates a vortex while moving into the bottom bottle.
• Observation and Experimentation: Experiment with different swirling speeds and observe how it affects the formation and appearance of the tornado.

Students should observe the formation of a funnel-shaped vortex as the water moves from the top bottle to the bottom one. They might notice that the speed and tightness of the vortex can be controlled by how fast they swirl the bottles.

This experiment provides a visual demonstration of vortex formation, similar to how tornadoes form in nature. Students learn about the motion and energy involved in creating a vortex and how these factors contribute to the formation of tornadoes. The activity not only educates students about an important weather phenomenon but also engages them in a fun, interactive way to explore physical concepts like motion, force, and energy transfer.

Technology and Engineering

1. simple robot building – introducing basic robotics.

This project aims to introduce 4th graders to the fundamentals of robotics and engineering. By building a simple robot, students will learn about basic electronics, mechanics, and the concept of automation in technology.

• A small DC motor
• AA batteries and a battery holder
• A plastic cup or a small cardboard box (for the robot’s body)
• Wheels (can be made from bottle caps or small discs)
• Electrical wires
• Tape or glue
• Optional: markers, stickers, or other materials for decoration
• Assembling the Body: Use the plastic cup or cardboard box as the robot’s body. Make holes for attaching the wheels.
• Installing the Motor: Attach the DC motor inside the body. It should be positioned so that when it’s activated, it will turn the wheels.
• Adding the Wheels: Attach the wheels to the motor’s axle and/or to the opposite end of the body for stability.
• Wiring: Connect the motor to the battery holder using electrical wires. Install the switch in between the motor and the battery holder to control the power.
• Completing the Circuit: Ensure all connections are secure and that the switch is in the ‘off’ position before inserting the batteries.
• Testing the Robot: Turn on the switch and observe how the robot moves. Experiment with different terrains and obstacles.
• Decoration: Decorate the robot’s body using markers, stickers, or other materials.

Students should observe how the electrical connections power the motor, which in turn moves the wheels and propels the robot. They can experiment with different wheel sizes and body shapes to see how these changes affect the robot’s movement.

Through this project, students learn the basic principles of robotics, including power sources, motor operation, and simple electrical circuits. They gain an understanding of how different components work together to create movement in a machine. This activity not only introduces students to the fundamentals of robotics and engineering but also encourages creativity and problem-solving skills, providing a solid foundation for more advanced studies in technology and engineering.

2. Wind-Powered Car – Exploring Renewable Energy Sources

The goal of this project is to teach 4th graders about renewable energy, specifically wind power, through the construction and operation of a wind-powered car. This hands-on activity demonstrates how wind energy can be harnessed to power movement, promoting understanding of sustainable energy practices.

• A small, lightweight car or cart (can be made from a cardboard box, plastic bottle, or similar material)
• Wheels (can be made from CDs, bottle caps, or small circular objects)
• Axles for the wheels (wooden skewers, straws, or stiff wire)
• A large fan (to simulate wind) or a windy outdoor area
• A piece of stiff paper or lightweight plastic for the sail
• A ruler or a stick to support the sail
• Building the Car: Construct a small car or modify a pre-existing one. Attach the wheels to the axles and ensure they spin freely.
• Creating the Sail: Cut the paper or plastic into a sail shape and attach it to the ruler or stick.
• Attaching the Sail: Securely attach the sail to the car in an upright position.
• Testing the Car: Place the car in front of the fan or in a windy area. Adjust the angle of the sail to catch the wind effectively.
• Observation and Experimentation: Observe how the car moves when the wind hits the sail. Experiment with different sail sizes, shapes, and angles to see which is most effective.

Students should note how the car’s movement is influenced by the wind acting on the sail. They may observe that the car’s speed and direction can be changed by adjusting the sail’s angle and position.

Through this experiment, students learn about wind energy and its potential as a renewable energy source. They understand how wind can be converted into mechanical energy to power movement, just as it’s used in wind turbines to generate electricity. This project not only teaches the principles of renewable energy and sustainability but also encourages experimentation and problem-solving, as students work to optimize their car’s design for maximum efficiency.

3. Paper Bridge Engineering – Learning About Strength and Structure

This project aims to teach 4th graders about the principles of engineering, focusing on strength and structure. By designing and building a bridge out of paper, students will learn how engineering involves problem-solving and creativity to build structures that are both strong and efficient.

• Sheets of paper (standard printer paper or construction paper)
• Books or blocks to use as supports for the bridge
• Coins or small weights
• Tape or glue (optional, to reinforce the bridge)
• A ruler (for measuring)
• Designing the Bridge: Encourage students to think about how they can fold, roll, or layer the paper to make it strong enough to span a gap and hold weight.
• Building Supports: Place two books or blocks parallel to each other on a table, creating a gap between them that will serve as the span for the bridge.
• Constructing the Bridge: Using the paper, construct a bridge that spans the gap between the two supports. The bridge can be a simple flat strip, a folded piece, a rolled tube, or any other design the student comes up with.
• Testing the Bridge: Gently place coins or small weights on the bridge, one at a time, to test its strength.
• Observation and Modification: Observe how much weight the bridge can hold before collapsing and where it fails. Encourage students to modify their designs to improve the bridge’s strength.

Students should observe which designs hold the most weight and how the structure of the paper contributes to the bridge’s strength. They may notice that certain shapes, like tubes or folded triangles, offer more support.

This project demonstrates basic principles of engineering and physics, particularly in understanding how different shapes and structures distribute and support weight. Students learn that the strength of a material is not just about what it’s made of, but also how it’s used. This activity encourages creative thinking, problem-solving, and practical application of scientific concepts, providing a foundation for understanding more complex engineering principles in the future.

4. DIY Catapult – Studying Force and Trajectory

This project aims to teach 4th graders the basic principles of physics, specifically force and trajectory, through the construction and use of a DIY catapult. Students will learn how manipulating the angle and force of a catapult affects the distance and trajectory of a projectile.

• 7-10 Popsicle sticks
• Rubber bands
• A plastic spoon or a bottle cap (for launching projectiles)
• Small objects to use as projectiles (like marshmallows, cotton balls, or paper balls)
• Tape (if using a bottle cap)
• A ruler or measuring tape (for measuring distance)
• A protractor (optional, for measuring angles)
• Building the Catapult Base: Stack 5-7 Popsicle sticks and secure them at both ends with rubber bands to create a base.
• Creating the Lever Arm: Take 2-3 Popsicle sticks, stack them, and secure one end with a rubber band. This will be the lever arm.
• Assembling the Catapult: Wedge the lever arm between the base sticks, attaching it to the base with a rubber band at the fulcrum (the point where the lever arm and base meet).
• Attaching the Spoon or Cap: Attach the spoon or bottle cap to the end of the lever arm using tape. This will hold the projectiles.
• Launching and Measuring: Place a projectile in the spoon or cap, press down on the other end of the lever arm, and release to launch the projectile. Measure the distance it travels.
• Experimenting with Variables: Experiment by changing the number of sticks in the lever arm, the angle of launch, and the force applied to see how these changes affect the projectile’s trajectory and distance.

Students should observe how changes in the catapult’s design and launch angle affect the distance and trajectory of the projectile. They may notice that more force and higher angles typically result in farther launches.

This project introduces students to the concepts of force, energy, and trajectory in a fun and interactive way. Through experimentation, they learn how different variables affect the motion and path of an object in flight. The activity not only teaches fundamental principles of physics but also encourages critical thinking and hands-on learning, inspiring an interest in science and engineering.

5. Water Clock Making – Understanding Time Measurement and Ancient Technologies

The goal of this project is to teach 4th graders about ancient timekeeping methods and the concept of measuring time using a water clock, or clepsydra. This activity helps students understand how people in ancient civilizations measured time and the evolution of technology.

• Two large clear plastic bottles
• A sharp tool for making holes (like a nail or drill, to be used by an adult)
• Food coloring (optional, for visibility)
• A stopwatch or a regular clock
• Preparing the Bottles: Make a small hole near the bottom of one of the plastic bottles. This will be the water clock bottle. The hole size determines the flow rate, so start with a small hole.
• Marking Time Intervals: Fill the water clock bottle with water and use the marker to mark the water level on the bottle. Start the stopwatch as you begin to let the water flow into the second bottle. Mark the level every one minute or another chosen interval.
• Calibrating the Clock: Once you’ve marked several intervals, empty both bottles.
• Using the Water Clock: Refill the water clock bottle and use your markings to measure time as the water level drops from one mark to the next.

Students should observe how the water level drops consistently over time. They may also notice the impact of the hole size on the flow rate of the water.

Through this experiment, students learn about an ancient method of time measurement, understanding how water clocks were used before the invention of mechanical clocks. They gain insights into the challenges of timekeeping in ancient civilizations and the ingenuity required to measure time accurately. This project not only teaches historical and technological concepts but also encourages students to think about the passage of time and how it can be measured in different ways.

Art in Science

1. chromatography with markers – separating colors and exploring pigments.

This project aims to introduce 4th graders to the concept of chromatography, a method used to separate mixtures. By using markers and chromatography, students will explore how different colors are made up of various pigments.

• White coffee filters or chromatography paper
• Washable markers (various colors)
• Cups or small jars
• Paper towels or a drying rack
• Preparing the Paper: Cut the coffee filters into strips approximately two inches wide.
• Drawing the Line: With a pencil, draw a line about one inch from the bottom of each strip.
• Applying Marker Ink: Using the washable markers, place a small dot of color on the line on each strip. It’s best to use different strips for different colors.
• Chromatography Setup: Fill the cups with a small amount of water (just enough to cover the bottom). Hang the strips over the edge of the cup so that the very bottom of the paper touches the water, but the marker ink does not. You may need to secure the strips with a pencil laid across the top of the cup.
• Observation: As the water travels up the paper, watch the colors from the markers spread and separate.
• Drying: Once the water has moved up most of the paper, remove the strips and lay them out to dry.

Students should observe the different pigments making up each color as they separate and travel up the paper. They may notice that some colors separate into many different pigments while others may only show a few.

Through this experiment, students learn about the concept of chromatography and how it can be used to separate mixtures into individual components. They gain an understanding of how different pigments combine to create various colors. This activity not only demonstrates an important scientific technique but also provides an intersection between science and art, showing the complexity and beauty of colors in a tangible and engaging way.

2. Crystal Art – Growing Crystals in Artistic Patterns

This project aims to combine art with science by teaching 4th graders how to grow crystals in specific patterns or designs, illustrating the beauty and structure of crystal formation. Students will learn about supersaturation and nucleation in a creative and visually appealing way.

• Borax (sodium borate) or sugar
• Petri dishes, shallow bowls, or plates
• Pipe cleaners, thread, or paper (to create designs)
• Food coloring (optional, for colored crystals)
• A magnifying glass (for observing the crystal growth)
• Gloves and safety goggles (for protection while handling hot water and borax)
• Creating Designs: Shape pipe cleaners, thread, or cut paper into different patterns or designs. These will serve as the base for crystal growth.
• Preparing the Solution: Dissolve Borax or sugar in hot water to create a supersaturated solution. For every cup of water, use about 3 tablespoons of Borax or sugar. Add food coloring if desired.
• Setting Up the Experiment: Place the designs in the petri dishes or shallow bowls. Carefully pour the hot supersaturated solution over the designs until they are fully submerged.
• Observation and Waiting: Leave the setup undisturbed overnight or for a few days, allowing time for the crystals to form on the designs.
• Examining the Crystals: Once the crystals have formed, remove the designs from the solution and let them dry. Observe the crystals with a magnifying glass.

Students should observe the formation of crystals on their designs. They might notice differences in crystal size and shape based on the material used for the design or the concentration of the solution.

This project demonstrates the process of crystal growth and the factors that influence it, such as the concentration of the solution and the presence of a nucleation site. Students learn about supersaturation and nucleation in a hands-on and artistic manner. This activity not only teaches scientific concepts but also encourages creativity, as students create unique crystal art pieces while learning about the principles of chemistry and physics behind crystal formation.

3. Musical Instruments from Recycled Materials – Physics of Sound and Creativity

This project aims to teach 4th graders about the physics of sound through the creation of musical instruments using recycled materials. Students will explore how different materials produce various sounds and learn about sound waves, vibration, and pitch.

• Recycled materials such as cardboard tubes, plastic bottles, rubber bands, tin cans, and bottle caps
• Beads, dried beans, or rice (for shakers)
• String or yarn
• Scissors, tape, and glue
• Decorative materials (like markers, stickers, or paint) for customization
• Planning the Instruments: Decide on the types of instruments to make, such as drums, shakers, or string instruments.
• Drum Construction: Use a tin can or a cardboard tube as the base. Stretch rubber bands or balloons over one end to create a membrane that vibrates to produce sound.
• Shaker Creation: Fill a plastic bottle with beads, dried beans, or rice. Secure the lid tightly for a simple shaker.
• String Instrument Making: Create a simple guitar using a cardboard box with a hole cut in the top. Stretch rubber bands of different lengths and thicknesses across the hole for the strings.
• Decoration: Decorate the instruments using markers, paint, or stickers.
• Playing and Experimenting: Experiment with playing the instruments. Observe the different sounds each one makes.

Students should observe how the size, shape, and material of each instrument affect the sound it produces. They might notice that tighter membranes on drums produce higher-pitched sounds and that the thickness and length of rubber bands on string instruments affect the pitch.

This project demonstrates the basic principles of sound and vibration in a hands-on and creative way. Students learn how different materials can be used to create various sounds and how alterations in design can change the pitch and quality of the sound. This activity not only teaches important concepts in physics but also promotes environmental awareness by using recycled materials and encourages creativity in designing and decorating the instruments.

4. Shadow Art – Exploring Light and Shadows in Art

This project is designed to teach 4th graders about the properties of light and shadows through the creation of shadow art. Students will explore how light can be manipulated to create different shadow effects and integrate this understanding into artistic expression.

• A strong light source (like a lamp or a flashlight)
• Objects of various shapes (toys, cutouts, household items)
• A white screen or wall (as a backdrop for the shadows)
• Plain paper and pencils or markers (for tracing or drawing)
• A camera (optional, to capture the shadow images)
• Setting Up the Light Source: Position the light source so it shines onto the white screen or wall.
• Arranging Objects: Place objects between the light source and the screen. Experiment with their distance from the light to see how it affects the size and clarity of the shadows.
• Observing Shadows: Observe the shadows cast by the objects. Notice the shapes, sizes, and any distortions.
• Creating Art: Trace the shadows onto plain paper to create an outline, or draw a scene or pattern around the shadows. Alternatively, capture the shadow images with a camera.
• Experimenting with Angles: Change the angle of the light and rearrange the objects to see how it affects the shadows.

Students should observe how the distance and angle of the light source change the appearance of the shadows. They might notice that shadows elongate or become distorted with changes in light position.

Through this activity, students learn about the properties of light and how it interacts with objects to create shadows. They explore the relationship between light, objects, and shadows and how these elements can be used in artistic expression. This project not only teaches basic principles of physics related to light but also encourages creativity, as students use shadow effects to create unique pieces of art. It’s a practical demonstration of how science can intersect with art, stimulating imagination and exploration.

5. Nature Collages – Combining Art with Natural Elements

This project aims to teach 4th graders about the beauty and diversity of nature by creating art with natural elements. Students will explore their environment to collect materials and learn how to incorporate these elements into a collage, fostering an appreciation for the natural world and its connection to art.

• Natural materials (leaves, flowers, twigs, seeds, grass, etc.)
• A sturdy base for the collage (cardboard, construction paper, or canvas)
• Glue or a glue stick
• Scissors (for trimming or shaping materials)
• Optional: Paints, markers, or crayons for additional decoration
• Collecting Materials: Take a nature walk to collect various natural materials that can be used in the collage. Encourage students to look for a variety of colors, textures, and sizes.
• Planning the Design: Have students plan their collage by arranging their natural materials on the chosen base without gluing them down first.
• Creating the Collage: Once the design is planned, students can begin gluing their materials onto the base.
• Adding Details: Students can add details or backgrounds using paints, markers, or crayons if desired.
• Discussing the Work: After completing the collage, students can discuss their pieces, explaining their choice of materials and what they represent.

Students should observe the different properties of the natural materials they use, such as texture, color, and form. They might notice how these elements can be combined to create different artistic effects.

Through this project, students learn about the diversity and beauty of nature and how it can be incorporated into art. They develop an understanding of how different textures, colors, and shapes in nature can be used creatively. This activity not only encourages artistic expression but also promotes environmental awareness and appreciation for the natural world, fostering a connection between art and science.

These 40 innovative science projects for 4th graders offer a dynamic and engaging way to explore a wide range of scientific concepts. From understanding the principles of physics and chemistry to exploring the intricacies of biology and ecology, these activities are designed to spark curiosity and foster a deeper understanding of the world around us.

Each project combines hands-on learning with educational insights, making science both fun and informative. As we’ve seen, blending creativity with scientific exploration can lead to a more profound appreciation and interest in the wonders of science.

If you found these projects helpful and enjoyable, please consider sharing this article with others who might also benefit from these educational activities. Also, don’t forget to subscribe to our newsletter for more helpful content like this. Stay curious and keep exploring the fascinating world of science!

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4th Grade Science Projects: Experiments, Challenges, Explorations, And More

October 14, 2023 //  by  Lauren Du Plessis

Our list of unique science projects is a sure winner when sourcing ideas that are appropriate to the 4th grade learner. Science is a vital component of STEM-based activities and our top 57 project ideas are sure to increase creativity, develop critical thinking abilities as well as effective communication and collaboration skills.

1. Flashlight Creation

Discover simple electric circuit rules when creating this nifty paper flashlight! This project is the perfect experiment for kids as it’s sure to highlight the science behind batteries.

Learn More: Flashlight Creation

2. Lemon Volcano

Have a blast creating this erupting lemon volcano! By using average household supplies, 4th graders discover the properties of both acids and bases and learn how the interaction between them causes a chemical reaction.

Learn More: Lemon Volcano

3. Earthquake Simulation

Set a dish of jelly and then go about building a structure on it. Upon completion of the structure, wobble the dish so that the jelly shakes and disrupts the structure- in turn demonstrating the science of seismology.

Learn More: Earthquake Simulation

4. Design a Hovercraft

Time after time, this proves to be one of the best experiments for demonstrating the power of the air. Unveil properties of friction and air pressure as you design a floating hovercraft!

Learn More: Design a Hovercraft

5. Make a Microscope 

A cause for STEM excitement! This wonderful project demonstrates how water droplets curve to create a convex lens and in turn, refract light and magnify objects.

Learn More: Make a Microscope

6. How Chameleons Change Color

Create a mesmerizing color show as an interactive poster that demonstrates how chameleons change color ass the middle wheel spins.

Learn More: How Chameleons Change Color

7. How Your Body is Similar to a Car

Just as we source our energy from food, cars source theirs from gasoline. Further, demonstrate how energy is stored and released with the help of simple materials such as rubber bands.

Learn More: How Your Body is Similar to a Car

8. Discover Newton’s Law

With the aid of a string of beads, highlight Newton’s Law of Gravity as the beads are tugged ever so slightly and then begin to fall from the cup.

Learn More: Discover Newton’s Law

9. Egg Drop

Students are encouraged to source material from home that they will use to create a protective barrier for their egg before dropping it to measure the effectiveness of their contraption in preventing their egg from cracking.

Learn More: Egg Drop

10. Static Electricity Science

Discover the science of static electricity in a fun way by building an electroscope to demonstrate the forces of attraction and repulsion!

Learn More: Static Electricity Science

11. Demonstrate Water Erosion

This hands-on, ocean science project is perfect for teaching students about coastal erosion and requires the use of simple materials such as a dish, sand, plastic bottle, stones, and water.

Learn More: Demonstrate Water Erosion

12. Milk Plastic

This unique experiment can lead to hours of crafting fun as 4th grade students learn how to create plastic from milk!

Learn More: Milk Plastic

13. Salt Water Density Experiment

The properties of water and density are highlighted in this science project as children discover that saltwater is denser than normal water.

Learn More: Salt Water Density Experiment

14. Make Unstoppable Bubbles

By combining the traditional soapy bubble mixture with glycerin, students learn about how the original mixture evaporates from stronger bubbles.

Learn More: Make Unpoppable Bubbles

15. Discover More about Blood Components

Biology is an important component of life but should be approached in a fun and simplified manner when working with 4th graders. Discover more about blood components by crafting “blood” model jars!

Learn More: Discover More about Blood Components

16. Could Dominoes knock a Building Over

Discover the effects of chain reactions with the help of this easy science fair project idea before posing the question of whether or not dominos could knock down a building!

Learn More: Could Dominos Knock a Building Over

17. How Neon Signs Work

By making use of a small gas tube in this cool experiment, 4th graders will be intrigued to learn about how neon signs work.

Learn More: How Neon Signs Work

18. Anemometer

Discover wind speed with the help of your very own anemometer! Simple earth science is unveiled with the help of a simple garden contraption made from paper cups, straws, tape, a pencil, and a thumbtack.

Learn More: Anemometer

19. Make Recycled Paper

Although making recycled paper can at times be a process, it is extremely satisfying! Students watch how water is first absorbed by their shredded paper and then, towards the end of the process, how it is drained away- leaving a recycled piece of paper in its place.

Learn More: Make Recycled Paper

20. Nonrenewable Resources

What better way to highlight the depletion of non-renewable resources, than by making use of noodle- mining in a competitive game or project! This hands-on activity is perfect for elementary-age students to use as an earth science project.

Learn More: Nonrenewable Resources

21. Balloon Rocket

This simple, yet fun, activity depicts Newton’s law of motion perfectly. By using household materials such as a balloon, straw, clothespin, and line, your students will discover that for every action, there is an equal or opposite reaction. Ready for blast off!

Learn More: Design Dazzle

22. Cloud Science

With the help of this exciting cloud science project, your 4th grad students will grasp the concept of the water cycle in no time! With the help of a paper cup, plastic zip-top bag, tape, and water students discover how water moves from the ground into the air, then forming clouds before falling back to earth as rain.

Learn More: Cloud Science

23. Blow up a Balloon with Vinegar and Baking Soda

Intrigue 4th grade science students with this experiment that sees balloons magically inflate when baking soda and vinegar combine and generate carbon dioxide.

Learn More: Blow up a Balloon with Vinegar and Baking Soda

24. Cellphone Projector

Not only is this a great science project, but most of the materials used are recycled materials. This simple project is perfect for teaching complex rules such as the refraction of light.

Learn More: Cellphone Projector

25. Create a working elevator 

Students are encouraged to make use of various materials in order to create a working elevator that has a crank and is able to bear a load.

Learn More: Create a Working Elevator

26. Ocean current simulator 

By making use of water, food coloring, an empty dish, and plastic sea creatures, students learn how ocean currents are formed in this simple science project.

Learn More: Ocean Current Simulator

27. Bacteria grower

A simple Agar solution, that has been set in various Petri dishes, is the perfect breeding ground for bacteria. Swab items that the students use on a daily basis and wipe the swab’s on the dishes, then leaving them covered in order to grow and visually depict that bacteria are hiding all around us.

Learn More: Bacteria Grower

28. Wiggle Bot

Craft your very own Wigglebot! Using simple tools and supplies, 4th graders have the opportunity to work with potential energy in a fun manner!

Learn More: Wiggle Bot

29. Crystal names

Make science fun as students grow an edible, crystalized version of their names on pipe cleaners ! This is just one of the many edible science projects out there for kids so be sure to get creative and see what you can make!

Learn More: Crystal Names

30. Capillary Action

Teach the concept of capillary action with this spectacular rainbow glass display! This is a fantastic opportunity for students to learn about color mixing and how water travels.

Learn More: Capillary Action

31. Design a Working Lung Model

Explore more about the natural phenomenon of breath with this cool project. Design a working lung model using a plastic bottle, straws, balloons, sticky tape, and scissors.

Learn More: Kiwi Co

32. Make It Glow

Discover which water mixture will glow using black light to test regular water with highlighter dye, tonic water, and tap water.

Learn More: Cool Science Experiments HQ

33. Explore Tooth Decay

Learn about tooth decay using eggs and an assortment of drinks such as sugar water, soda, and milk. This project is wonderful for visually illustrating the effects of sugar products on teeth.

Learn More: Sciencing

34. Build a Hygrometer

Measure humidity with the help of your very own hygrometer made from a piece of wood and plastic, nails, a dime, glue, tape, a hammer, and a pair of scissors.

Learn More: We Have Kids

35. Discover Osmosis

Learn about osmosis with the help of this fun and colorful gummy bear science project!

Learn More: Homeschool

36. Rotting foods 

This experiment helps to develop thorough observation skills. Reveal which, out of an assortment of foods, will be the first to rot and discover what accelerates the process.

Learn More: No Time for Flash Cards

37. Create a Sundial

Turn back time as you craft an old-fashioned mechanism that helped ancient civilizations such as the Egyptians, Mayans, and Babylonians tell the time.

Learn More: Explorable

38. Make a fossil

Learn how fossils are formed as you leave your mark in a plaster of Paris cast. Consider casting an imprint using a toy to make this activity even more fun!

Learn More: YouTube

39. Build a Rubber Band Guitar

Explore the science of sound as you build a rubber band guitar using a heap of rubber bands and other simple materials.

Learn More: BBC Good Food

40. Make a Water Microscope

Make a microscope to allow you to examine certain objects in greater detail. You’ll need a piece of fuse wire, water and an assortment of objects to look analyze.

Learn More: Science Kids

41. Skittles Spectacular

Roll out the rainbow with this fun project!  Demonstrate the diffusion process to your class using Skittles. This colorful experiment will certainly intrigue your pupils and make them eager to learn more. To carry it out, simply have your kiddies place a few Skittles on a plate and cover them with water before stepping back to watch the reaction that takes place.

Learn More: Rookie Parenting Science

42. Water Wonders: Sink or Float

This idea provides an excellent way to foster a healthy curiosity and understanding of fundamental physics principles. Encourage your students to hypothesize which household items will sink or float, before putting their theories to the test by placing selected items into a basin of water.

43. The Sun-Powered Oven Project

Let your students harness the power of the sun by using a pizza box and transforming it into a solar oven. They can easily harness the sun’s rays by wrapping the box in aluminum foil and other materials to figure out the best way to capture the heat and then get baking. This is an engaging and memorable way to introduce solar energy that’s sweetened by the chance to make and enjoy s’mores!

Learn More: Science Buddies

44. The Journey of a Light-Chasing Plant

Start your lesson with a question: Can plants solve mazes? The concept of phototropism will come alive as your students try to solve this problem by guiding a small plant through a simple cardboard maze toward the light. The result? A thrilling, real-time adventure demonstrating a plant’s instinctual growth response to sunlight that your class will love.

Learn More: Mama Smiles

45. Pinecone Predictions

Challenge your class to be better than the weatherman! Teach your youngsters about humidity and weather changes using a humble pinecone. Simply hang a few cones around the school and prompt your children to observe them; open or closed tells a story about the humidity. They’ll be fascinated to discover how the pinecone’s responses can predict weather conditions.

Learn More: Play to Learn Preschool  

46. Fruit-Powered Fun

You can turn everyday fruits into a source of electricity and marvel with your students as lemons, oranges, or apples light up a bulb or power a digital clock. All you need is a piece of fruit, some wire, and a few nails to engage your learners in a  hands-on project that illustrates the concept of electrical circuits.

Learn More: Kids Activities Blog

47. Shadow Dance

Embark on a day-long shadow-tracking exercise with your students to understand more about the Earth’s rotation. To do so, have them record the changing shadow of a stick at different times throughout the day to visually depict the Earth spinning on its axis. 

Learn More: Inventors of Tomorrow

48. Popsicle Power Play

Allow physics to meet creativity when you encourage your students to construct a catapult out of popsicle sticks and elastic bands. To begin, have them research the best methods for creating the most force. As your kiddos thrill in testing which items the catapult can launch and whose items travel the furthest, they’ll be learning about the concept of potential and kinetic energy transformation.

49. Greenhouse Effect Model

Using jars, thermometers, and plastic wrap, you can simulate the greenhouse effect right in your very own classroom. Provide your students with the necessary materials and instruct them to add the same amount of ice to each jar. Then, have them wrap one jar in plastic and leave the other open before placing them in the sun for a few hours. Lastly, prompt your young scientists to formulate their conclusions after measuring the temperature in each jar. 

Learn More: STEAM Powered Family

50. Pulling with Pulleys

Mechanical advantage and work take center stage in this hands-on activity. By encouraging your young scientists to create a simple pulley system with a spool and string, they can explore mechanical advantage and the concept of work. This hands-on project will help you make complex physics principles that much more observable and fun.

51. Determining Densities

Allow your learners to explore density in a hands-on activity of the senses. As they pour honey, dish soap, water, and oil into a clear container, the differing densities will reveal themselves in a striking visual display.

52. Edible Genetics

Sweets in a classroom seem to have a magical attention-grabbing power. Use this to your advantage when teaching genetics by having your students create an edible DNA model. With colored marshmallows or jelly sweets and toothpicks, they’ll come to understand the double helix structure in a fun, tasty way.

Learn More: Hess UnAcademy

53. The Rainfall Recorder

This is an easy project that introduces practical meteorological skills and fosters scientific curiosity. Empower your students to measure rainfall and track this over time with a homemade rain gauge. Use an empty bottle with the top cut off and then instruct your class to carefully fill the bottle in 20 ml increments; carefully marking the lines to ensure accuracy. 

54. Magnetism Unveiled

Reveal the hidden world of magnetic fields to your students by engaging them in a project that uses a bar magnet and iron filings. They can simply lay the magnet under a piece of thin card stock and sprinkle the filings over the card. The result is a practical way for your budding scientists to visualize the unseen forces of magnetism; fostering a deeper understanding of this fundamental physical phenomenon.

55. Miniature Volcanic Eruption

Unleash the dramatic spectacle of a volcanic eruption in your classroom. Have your kiddos create a volcanic mountain with a cup in the center. Add baking soda to the cup and then slowly pour in the vinegar; resulting in a chemical reaction that will blow your young scientists’ minds. 

56. Invisible Ink Adventures

Introduce your students to the secret world of invisible ink with lemon juice. Get ready by preparing lemon juice, a brush or cotton swab, white paper, and a heat source. Ask your students to dip their brushes in lemon juice and use them to write or draw on the piece of paper. Then, help them carefully heat the piece of paper with a light bulb or iron to the secret message. It’s a playful way to learn about acidic and basic properties and will allow your young investigators to reveal hidden messages just like detectives.

57. Oil Spill Cleanup Challenge

Conduct an environmental experiment with your class by simulating an oil spill using feathers, oil, and various cleaning materials. To a shallow tray, add water before scattering a few small feathers and then slowly spilling the oil into it. Once they’ve had the chance to marvel at the unique patterns that the different liquid densities create,  challenge them to solve the problem of removing the oil. This hands-on activity will emphasize the impact of pollution on the environment; helping you spark thought-provoking discussions about conservation and responsibility.

Learn More: Super Teacher Worksheets

The activities we’ve provided are perfectly adaptable and may be employed in individual, pair, or group settings. Be inspired to design creative classes with the help of our comprehensive list of science projects above. We strive to make learning fun whilst still highlighting the key concepts of science in a simplified manner.

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is science important for 4th graders.

Science-based learning at an elementary level introduces students to a STEM-based classroom focus and opens them up to STEM-related careers at a young age. Students discover key concepts about the world around them- unveiling properties of water, electrical currents, animals, ocean currents and so much more along the way!

Exciting 4th Grade Science Projects To Try Today

Categories Education/School

The 4th grade is a transformative time in a child’s life. The ages of nine and ten are pivotal in terms of social relationships and friendships, where children develop their social skills. In turn, this helps them discover who they are, who their friends are, and it’s the time many of us start to think about the world around us.

It’s also a time when children start to think more deeply about certain things, with questions about, well, anything and everything (if you’re a parent, you know all about this!)

To help a fourth grader’s mind grow and develop even more, teachers can set up fun science experiments for kids to enjoy. Not only are these projects super enjoyable, but they are also educational, engaging children in the world of science.

Science is vital for STEM-based activities, helping young minds develop their critical thinking skills, collaboration abilities, and become more effective at communication.

Today, we have chosen the best 4th grade science projects to inspire nine to ten-year-olds. Each science experiment in today’s list is designed to be engaging and interactive, encouraging students to ask questions, make observations, and form hypotheses. They will get to conduct experiments , collect data, and draw meaningful conclusions, all while having fun along the way.

Whether your children or students are interested in exploring the natural world, investigating the laws of motion, or discovering the wonders of electricity, our 4th grade science projects offer a variety of options to cater to their interests. Each one takes into account their developmental stage, providing age-appropriate challenges.

So, let’s get started and watch as fourth graders become confident and enthusiastic young scientists!

Why Science Projects Are Important For Fourth Graders

Science projects play a vital role in the development of fourth graders for several important reasons. Firstly, these projects foster a sense of curiosity and wonder about the world around them. By engaging in hands-on experiments and investigations, fourth graders learn to ask questions, make predictions, and explore scientific concepts in a practical and meaningful way. This helps cultivate a lifelong love for learning and encourages critical thinking skills.

Secondly, science projects provide fourth graders with an opportunity to develop essential skills such as problem-solving, observation, and analysis. As they design and conduct experiments, students learn to formulate hypotheses, collect data, and draw conclusions based on evidence. They also develop skills in organization, record-keeping, and presenting their findings, which are valuable in both scientific and everyday contexts.

Furthermore, science projects encourage collaboration and teamwork. Fourth graders often work in groups or pairs, allowing them to learn from and contribute to the ideas of their peers, something vital for this age group. This collaborative environment builds communication skills, cooperation, and the ability to work effectively as part of a team.

Finally, science projects help fourth graders understand the relevance and application of scientific concepts in the real world. By exploring topics like environmental science, biology, or physics, students gain a deeper appreciation for how scientific principles impact their daily lives. They also begin to understand the importance of responsible and ethical scientific practices.

Science projects For 4th Graders

1. hovercraft design.

We start with an experiment that showcases the remarkable capabilities of air. By designing a floating hovercraft, students can learn about the effects of friction and air pressure. Find out how to make a hovercraft here .

2. Anemometer

Unearth the velocity of wind using a personalized anemometer! Basic principles of earth science are unveiled through a straightforward garden device created from paper cups, straws, tape, a pencil, and a thumbtack.

3. Newton’s Law

Demonstrate how Newton’s Law of Gravity works by gently pulling a string of beads, causing them to gradually descend from the cup. Follow the guide here to find out how to do so.4.

4. Working Lung Model Design

Delve deeper into the captivating natural phenomenon of respiration by creating a functional lung model ! You can do this using readily available materials such as straws, a plastic bottle, sticky tape, balloons, and scissors.

5. Blood Components

We stick with the human body with this fascinating project discovering more about blood components. When working with fourth graders, it is crucial to approach biology in a fun and simplified manner while highlighting its significance in life! And, this project is the perfect way to do so!

You can engage students in an exciting exploration of blood components by creating “blood” model jars , allowing them to gain a deeper understanding of this essential aspect of biology.

6. Create a Microscope

Ignite enthusiasm in your students for STEM with this amazing project! Witness the awe-inspiring phenomenon of water droplets curving to form a convex lens, leading to the refraction of light and the remarkable magnification of objects. Here’s how to tackle this fun science project!

7. The Science Behind Clouds

At number seven, we enter the captivating world of cloud science with this exhilarating project! Through the use of a paper cup, tape, plastic zip-top bag, and water, your fourth graders will swiftly grasp the concept of the water cycle. They will witness firsthand how water transitions from the ground into the air, forming clouds, and eventually returning to the Earth as rain.

8. Chameleons Color Changes

Find out how chameleons change color using an interactive poster that dazzles students with an invigorating color show. As the middle wheel spins, this mind-blowing display demonstrates the equally mind-boggling ability of chameleons to change their colors.

9. Creating a Paper Flashlight

Uncover the fundamental rules of simple electric circuits while crafting a clever paper flashlight ! This exciting project is an ideal hands-on experiment for children, especially those aged ten to eleven, offering a captivating exploration of the science behind batteries.

10. Simulate an Earthquake

Experience the fascinating world of seismology through this hands-on experiment. Begin by setting a dish of jelly and then proceed to construct a structure on top of it. Once the structure is complete, gently wobble the dish, causing the jelly to shake and disrupt the structure. This jelly-tastic demonstration vividly illustrates the principles of seismology.

11. A Lemon Volcano

Time to create an erupting lemon volcano ! With ordinary household supplies, fourth graders will have a blast while exploring the properties of acids and bases. Through this interactive project, they will witness firsthand how the interaction between these substances triggers a fascinating chemical reaction.

12. Make Crystal Names

Infuse science with fun by allowing students to grow edible, crystallized versions of their names using pipe cleaners. This exciting project is just one example of the many tasty, edible science projects available for kids! A perfect opportunity to encourage creativity and exploration as students take a deep dive into scientific experimentation.

13. Walking Water Rainbow

In this fun-packed experiment , students use paper towels, water, and food coloring to observe capillary action and color mixing, fostering a hands-on understanding of water absorption and the science of gradients. It is a perfect combination of curiosity and learning for 4th graders.

14. Solar Oven S’mores

By constructing a simple solar oven using a pizza box, aluminum foil, plastic wrap, and black construction paper, students harness the power of the sun to melt s’mores, providing a practical introduction to renewable energy and solar heat while enjoying a tasty treat. This combines scientific exploration with a delicious reward for 4th graders!

15. Discover How Neon Signs Work

Brighten up your 4th graders’ imagination with this project, finding out how neon signs work utilizing a small gas tube. Through this gripping exploration, they will gain a deeper understanding of the inner workings of neon signs, building their curiosity about the principles of electricity and gas discharge.

16. The Bot That Wiggles

Get ready to wiggle with this entertaining project! Guide and help your students create their own Wiggle Bot! With basic tools and supplies, students can explore the concept of potential energy in an enjoyable and active way. This activity encourages problem-solving, creativity, and a deeper understanding of scientific principles.

17. Discover How The Human Body is Like a Car

Humans and cars are not all that dissimilar. Okay, tell your 4th graders this, and they will probably think you’ve lost your mind, but you can prove this through a fun experiment. Humans source energy from food, just as cars source their energy from gasoline!

This science project demonstrates this further and shows how energy is stored and released. How? With a few rubber bands. Easy! Here’s how to do it.

18. Density Tower

Here’s a scientific project where students layer different liquids with varying densities, such as oil, water, and syrup, in a clear container. This allows 4th graders to observe how liquids with different densities separate and stack, providing a hands-on introduction to density and buoyancy. Give it a go and watch those young minds marvel at the changing layers.

19. Gummy Bear Osmosis

Yummy gummy bears are not just for snacking on; they’re also for science! Place gummy bears in different liquids, such as water, saltwater, and vinegar, and observe how the gummy bears change in size, illustrating the concept of osmosis and teaching 4th graders about the movement of water across cell membranes.

20. Seed Germination

Time to create life with seeds! This one may take some time, but it’s definitely worth it in the end. Have your students plant different seeds in cups with soil and observe their growth over time, enabling 4th graders to learn about plant life cycles, photosynthesis, and the importance of environmental factors in seed germination.

21. Solar System Mobile

Kids love everything about space. That means they will jump at the chance of doing a science experiment about planets and our solar system !

This project requires the construction of a mobile showcasing the planets of our solar system, fostering 4th graders’ understanding of planetary order, size, and distance from the Sun while encouraging creativity and visual representation. You can choose to make the mobile yourself, but we recommend making them with the kids, so they can learn as they create the plants.

22. Rain Cloud in a Jar

Fancy taking over the weather? Well, you can by filling a jar with water, adding some shaving cream on top, and dropping food coloring onto the shaving cream to mimic rainfall. Do this, and you can help 4th graders understand how clouds form and how precipitation occurs through a hands-on experiment.

23. Static Electricity Butterfly

Using a balloon, your students can create static electricity and make a tissue paper butterfly “fly.” Just wait for the incredible reactions from this science project! This introduces 4th graders to the concept of static electricity and the forces of attraction and repulsion.

24. Candy Chromatography

Using coffee filters and water, 4th graders can separate the colors in various candy coatings, allowing them to explore the principles of chromatography and learn about the composition of colors in a fun and tasty way.

25. Balloon Rocket

It doesn’t get much better than a balloon rocket ! For this highly important scientific experiment, all the kids have to do to create a simple balloon rocket is to use string, a straw, and a balloon. 4th graders can then explore the principles of thrust and propulsion while having fun with an interactive experiment.

So, now you have 25 fun science experiments to try with 4th graders! Let us know which ones your students enjoyed the most. We’re guessing they’ll love the ones with a tasty treat at the end the most!

Now take a look at some awesome science experiments for your 5th grade students .

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Teaching Students About Donald Trump’s Wiki Page: A Comprehensive Resource

Teaching students about the oldest hockey team, teaching students about st. francis of assisi: enlightening young minds, teaching students about piping: a comprehensive guide, teaching students about sand sharks: a dive into the mysterious world of these intriguing creatures, teaching students about the age of millennials: a new approach to education, teaching students about yerba mate: a cultural and educational experience, teaching students about deliverance cast education, teaching students about malcolm butler: inspiring lessons for the classroom, teaching students about andrew thomas: a fresh approach to learning about a brilliant mind, 26 of the best 4th grade science projects and experiments.

Are you looking for science activities to do with your 4th graders? No sweat. We have you covered. Check out our list of 26 science projects and experiments that you can try with your 4th graders this month.

• Hand-Eye Coordination and Age | All-Science-Fair-Projects.com – Grades 2-5, Use a stopwatch and ping-pong ball to find out how hand-eye coordination changes as children get older.
• What Do Yeast Eat…and How Can You Tell? | Education.com – Grades 2-5, The objective of this project is to examine which foods yeast cells eat.
• How Do Antacids Work? | Biochemistry Discovery Lab – Grades 3-6, Simulate out how antacids work to treat heartburn by using fake stomach enzymes.
• Mice & Music | Hubpages.com – Grades 3-6, Find out if music affects the performance of mice in a maze.
• A Magnetic Primer Designer | Sciencebuddies.org – Grades 3-6 Biology project that utilizes magnets to mimic the process that scientists use to replicate DNA, using the polymerase chain reaction.
• Growing Bacteria in Petri Dishes | Stevespanglerscience.com – Grades 3-6 biology In this science fair project, you must find samples of bacteria from an assortment of surfaces to find the surfaces that are the dirtiest.
• How Does Color Affect Eyesight? | Education.com – Grades 1-5, Find out which colors are easier and more challenging to read at a distance. This super simple project requires volunteers and color charts you can print from the web.
• Effects of Ozone on Plants and Health | Julian’s Science Fair – Grades 4-6, Environmental conditions can dramatically impact plant growth and germination. Does increased ozone stunt germination and plant growth? Grow some plants and find out.
• Making Batteries from Fruits and Vegetables | Sciencebuddies.org – Grades 4-7, Use veggie power to build a simple battery from a variety of vegetables. Which ones are the most powerful?
• How Many Letters? | ScienceBuddies.org – Grades 1-4, How much memory does a computer use to “remember” a series of letters? Find out how much memory a computer uses to remember 1000 letters.
• Jumping For Geodes: Can You Tell the Inside from the Outside? | ScienceBuddies.org Grades 1-4, Can you tell what’s inside a geode from looking at the outside? Learn more out these unique rocks and crack some open to discover the surprises inside.
• How Water Beats Rock | Education.com – Grades 1-5, Discover how water is more potent than rocks.  Experiment with ways that water can break the stone.
• Soil Type and Liquefaction | All-Science-Fair-Projects.com – Grades 1-5, Experiment with sand, clay, and loam and find out which type of soil dissolves most easily.
• Effects of Temperature and Humidity on Static Charges | Education.com – Grades 1-5, Use balloons, a rubber ball, and a scarf to investigate why those socks stick together when you take them out of the dryer and how conditions in the air affect static electricity.
• Dig This: Biodegradation | Education.com – Grades 2-6, How do organic materials become soil? This science experiment measures which materials biodegrade.
• Geology 101 | Education.com – Grades 2-6, Water carries lots of soil and minerals in a creek. In this project, you’ll examine the behavior of water and gravel in creek beds and the formation of sedimentary rocks.
• Geothermal Power Plant Model | Energyquest.ca.gov – Grades 3-6, Use a pinwheel and a can of boiling water to simulate geothermal power production. Determine how to generate the most energy from your “power plant.”
• Egg Substitutes | Sciencebuddies.org – Grades 3-6, Many people avoid eggs because of allergies or diet preferences. But eggs play a vital chemical function in baking and cooking. Evaluate the ability of egg substitutes to mimic their binding, leavening, or thickening properties.
• How Much Water is Required to Cook Pasta? | Sciencebuddies.org – Grades 3-6, We’re used to cooking our pasta in a big pot of boiling water. Do you actually need that much water, time, and energy to cook pasta? Perform some experiments to find out.
• Building the Best Bridge | Education.com – Grades 3-6, This project helps students develop an understanding of architecture and engineering through experimentation of which shapes are the most structurally strong.
• Rubber Bands for Energy | Sciencebuddies.org – Grades 3-6, Put the energy of rubber bands to work and learn about the relationship between potential and kinetic energy.
• Properties of Pendulums | Illinois Institute of Technology – Grades 3-6, Pendulums have been used for timekeeping for hundreds of years. Find out how changes in mass and length affect the oscillation of a pendulum.
• Arch Magic: The Unbreakable Egg | Education.com – Grades 4-7, Tell you, folks, tonight is a good night for an egg dinner. Use the eggshells to explore how arches distribute weight. Demonstrates the power of arches by asking students to pile telephone books on top of eggs without damaging them.
• How a Comet’s Size Affects How Fast It Melts | Sciencebuddies.org – Grades 4-7, Comets are often compared to giant, dirty snowballs, and the comet tail you see in the sky is evidence of melting. In this project, you’ll use figure out how the size of a comet affects its melting rate.
• Make an Electromagnet | Energyquest.ca.gov -Grades 4-7, Learn how to create an electromagnet from batteries, wire, and a knife switch. How does changing to kind of batteries used affect the power of your
• Bombs Away! A Ping Pong Catapult | Science Buddies.org – Grades 4-7, They fly through the air with the greatest of ease. Find ways to put a ping pong ball accurately on target time after time.

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41 of the best 6th grade science projects and experiments.

Is your 4th grader getting ready for his/her first science fair? Fear not, we have rounded up a list of 25 great fourth grade science fair ideas to get you started! Remember, the whole point of a science fair is for your child to learn about science in a hands-on way, so resist the temptation to “help” too much. Plus we’ve deliberately chosen easy projects that your fourth grader should be able to do with minimal supervision or help from an adult.

In this post, we’ve assembled 25 easy science fair project ideas for 4th grade. We link each project description to its original source, where you can get more information and step-by-step instructions.

Volcano Science

Learn all about volcanoes, then make one of your own!

Recommended for Grades 4.

Source: www.scienceprojectlab.com

When life gives you lemons, make a battery!

Lemon Power is a fascinating experiment that you can attempt to duplicate with other fruit. Which fruit makes the best battery? Experiment and find out!

Recommended for Grades 4-5.

Source: www.kidsactivitiesblog.com

A Science Fair Project on Tooth Decay by Jennifer Elrod

Doing an experiment on tooth decay is both beneficial and interesting. It only requires a few inexpensive materials and a week’s worth of observation and record keeping. The experiment requires no work after the initial setup.

Source: www.ehow.com

Homemade Lava Lamp by Alexa Bach McElrone

This project takes about 2 hours to complete the experiment and the write-up. Kids will get to explore the relationship between oil and water in terms of density as well as hydrophilic/hydrophobic compounds.

Source: http://www.education.com

How the Amount of Light Affects Germination and Growth.

The goal of the project is to find out how different lighting conditions affect seeds germination and growth. This article will give you the step by step procedure for this project.

Growing Bacteria in Petri Dishes by Steve Spangler

A Petri dish prepared with nutrient agar (a seaweed derivative with beef nutrients) is an ideal food source for the bacteria you’ll be growing. Collect samples from around the house or classroom and record the results for the one with the most bacteria.

Source: www.stevespanglerscience.com

Bridge Project by Sarah Benton

This project explores the basic physics of bridges. The goal is that the student will develop an understanding through experimentation of which shapes are the most structurally strong, and that many factors are taken into account in engineering and building.

Source: www.education.com

Paper Airplane Science Fair Project

Create your own hypothesis about paper airplanes, then start your experiment. This article gives you all of the information you need.

Source: www.easy-science-fair-projects.net

Barometer Science Project

Make your own barometer and then use it to test weather conditions on a dry day, a rainy day, a cloudy day, etc.

Source: www.hubpages.com

How Do Antacids Work?

In this activity, learners explore the chemical reaction between water and effervescent antacid tablets. This hands-on activity models how a material can act differently when it’s nanometer-sized. Learners compare the reaction rate of an effervescent antacid tablet that is broken in half with one that is broken into many pieces.

Source: www.howtosmile.org

Gummy Bear Osmosis

Do Gummy Bears dissolve in water? In vinegar? In liquid soap? Test your hypothesis on a variety of liquids and find out.

Source: www.homeschool.com

Is Your Dog’s Mouth Cleaner than Your Mouth?

Is it a myth or fact that a dog’s mouth has less germs that a human’s mouth? Follow these simply instructions and test for yourself.

Does Mint Actually Cool Things Down? By Jennifer Penn-Chiu

Mint-flavored gum, breath fresheners, and hard candies often advertise that mint has a cooling effect, and use images of frost and ice to demonstrate this sensation. But is this sensation a result of the mint actually lowering temperatures?

Which Food Will Rot First?

This example tests the rotting of 4 different foods, but your scientist can test as many different types of food as they can imagine.

Source: www.notimeforflashcards.com

Helmet Crash Test by Steve Spangler

Not only will your little scientist gain a better appreciation for using a helmet, she can also learn more about the science behind it. Try testing different size melons and different height drops.

Source: www.parenting.com

Can Magnets Affect the Growth Process of Radish?

In this experiment, your scientist will determine whether magnets make radish plants grow faster or slower.

Source: www.buzzle.com

Playground Teeter-Totter

The goal of this project is to create a compound machine using pulleys and levers that would be able to lift a Barbie doll up and down by pulling a string by the player. A common problem on the playground is that you sometimes can’t find another person to go on the teeter totter with you.

Recommended for Grades 4-6.

Source: www.projects.juliantrubin.com

Growing a “Mold Garden”

The goal of this project is to grow different mold species on different kind of substrates to find out if the same bread mold species will grow on all of them. Do all mold species have the same taste and preferences?!

Recommended for Grades 4-5

Source; www.scienceprojectlab.com

Making a Simple Sundial and Testing Its Accuracy

Learn how to make a sundial and then test its accuracy with a series of experiments.

Recommended for Grades 4-6

Source: www.explorable.com

A Pint Pot Planet

This experiment will demonstrate the water cycle and test different hypotheses on rainfall and the water cycle.

Source: www.raisingsparks.com

Build and Test a Paper Bridge

This project helps you discover how to create a strong bridge using just paper. Instructions also offer some additional parameters to add into the experiment.

Recommended for grades 4-5

Source: www.teacherstryscience.org

Paper Airplane Experiment

Experiment to find the best design for a paper airplane

Source: ScienceFairMath

Use the Energy in a Peanut to Heat Water

Just about everything has potential energy stored in it. The problem is releasing that energy to be able to do some work.

A tiny peanut contains stored chemical energy. When we eat them, the stored energy is converted by our bodies so we can do work. We can also use the energy in a peanut to heat a container of water.

Recommended for grades 4-6

Source: www.energyquest.ca.gov

Oil Spill Experiment

This experiment will demonstrate the detrimental effects of oil spills to marine life

Make Your Own Microscope with Water

Make a simple microscope using water and take a closer look at the world around you.

The lens you create with water works like a microscope or magnifying glass, allowing you to see objects in much greater detail than if you were just looking with the naked eye.

Source:  www.sciencekids.co.nz

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72 Easy Science Experiments Using Materials You Already Have On Hand

Because science doesn’t have to be complicated.

If there is one thing that is guaranteed to get your students excited, it’s a good science experiment! While some experiments require expensive lab equipment or dangerous chemicals, there are plenty of cool projects you can do with regular household items. We’ve rounded up a big collection of easy science experiments that anybody can try, and kids are going to love them!

Easy Chemistry Science Experiments

Easy physics science experiments, easy biology and environmental science experiments, easy engineering experiments and stem challenges.

1. Taste the Rainbow

Teach your students about diffusion while creating a beautiful and tasty rainbow! Tip: Have extra Skittles on hand so your class can eat a few!

Learn more: Skittles Diffusion

2. Crystallize sweet treats

Crystal science experiments teach kids about supersaturated solutions. This one is easy to do at home, and the results are absolutely delicious!

Learn more: Candy Crystals

3. Make a volcano erupt

This classic experiment demonstrates a chemical reaction between baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) and vinegar (acetic acid), which produces carbon dioxide gas, water, and sodium acetate.

Learn more: Best Volcano Experiments

4. Make elephant toothpaste

This fun project uses yeast and a hydrogen peroxide solution to create overflowing “elephant toothpaste.” Tip: Add an extra fun layer by having kids create toothpaste wrappers for plastic bottles.

5. Blow the biggest bubbles you can

Add a few simple ingredients to dish soap solution to create the largest bubbles you’ve ever seen! Kids learn about surface tension as they engineer these bubble-blowing wands.

Learn more: Giant Soap Bubbles

6. Demonstrate the “magic” leakproof bag

All you need is a zip-top plastic bag, sharp pencils, and water to blow your kids’ minds. Once they’re suitably impressed, teach them how the “trick” works by explaining the chemistry of polymers.

Learn more: Leakproof Bag

7. Use apple slices to learn about oxidation

Have students make predictions about what will happen to apple slices when immersed in different liquids, then put those predictions to the test. Have them record their observations.

Learn more: Apple Oxidation

8. Float a marker man

Their eyes will pop out of their heads when you “levitate” a stick figure right off the table! This experiment works due to the insolubility of dry-erase marker ink in water, combined with the lighter density of the ink.

Learn more: Floating Marker Man

9. Discover density with hot and cold water

There are a lot of easy science experiments you can do with density. This one is extremely simple, involving only hot and cold water and food coloring, but the visuals make it appealing and fun.

Learn more: Layered Water

10. Layer more liquids

This density demo is a little more complicated, but the effects are spectacular. Slowly layer liquids like honey, dish soap, water, and rubbing alcohol in a glass. Kids will be amazed when the liquids float one on top of the other like magic (except it is really science).

Learn more: Layered Liquids

11. Grow a carbon sugar snake

Easy science experiments can still have impressive results! This eye-popping chemical reaction demonstration only requires simple supplies like sugar, baking soda, and sand.

Learn more: Carbon Sugar Snake

12. Mix up some slime

Tell kids you’re going to make slime at home, and watch their eyes light up! There are a variety of ways to make slime, so try a few different recipes to find the one you like best.

13. Make homemade bouncy balls

These homemade bouncy balls are easy to make since all you need is glue, food coloring, borax powder, cornstarch, and warm water. You’ll want to store them inside a container like a plastic egg because they will flatten out over time.

Learn more: Make Your Own Bouncy Balls

14. Create eggshell chalk

Eggshells contain calcium, the same material that makes chalk. Grind them up and mix them with flour, water, and food coloring to make your very own sidewalk chalk.

Learn more: Eggshell Chalk

15. Make naked eggs

This is so cool! Use vinegar to dissolve the calcium carbonate in an eggshell to discover the membrane underneath that holds the egg together. Then, use the “naked” egg for another easy science experiment that demonstrates osmosis .

Learn more: Naked Egg Experiment

16. Turn milk into plastic

This sounds a lot more complicated than it is, but don’t be afraid to give it a try. Use simple kitchen supplies to create plastic polymers from plain old milk. Sculpt them into cool shapes when you’re done!

17. Test pH using cabbage

Teach kids about acids and bases without needing pH test strips! Simply boil some red cabbage and use the resulting water to test various substances—acids turn red and bases turn green.

Learn more: Cabbage pH

18. Clean some old coins

Use common household items to make old oxidized coins clean and shiny again in this simple chemistry experiment. Ask kids to predict (hypothesize) which will work best, then expand the learning by doing some research to explain the results.

Learn more: Cleaning Coins

19. Pull an egg into a bottle

This classic easy science experiment never fails to delight. Use the power of air pressure to suck a hard-boiled egg into a jar, no hands required.

Learn more: Egg in a Bottle

20. Blow up a balloon (without blowing)

Chances are good you probably did easy science experiments like this when you were in school. The baking soda and vinegar balloon experiment demonstrates the reactions between acids and bases when you fill a bottle with vinegar and a balloon with baking soda.

21 Assemble a DIY lava lamp

This 1970s trend is back—as an easy science experiment! This activity combines acid-base reactions with density for a totally groovy result.

22. Explore how sugary drinks affect teeth

The calcium content of eggshells makes them a great stand-in for teeth. Use eggs to explore how soda and juice can stain teeth and wear down the enamel. Expand your learning by trying different toothpaste-and-toothbrush combinations to see how effective they are.

Learn more: Sugar and Teeth Experiment

23. Mummify a hot dog

If your kids are fascinated by the Egyptians, they’ll love learning to mummify a hot dog! No need for canopic jars , just grab some baking soda and get started.

24. Extinguish flames with carbon dioxide

This is a fiery twist on acid-base experiments. Light a candle and talk about what fire needs in order to survive. Then, create an acid-base reaction and “pour” the carbon dioxide to extinguish the flame. The CO2 gas acts like a liquid, suffocating the fire.

25. Send secret messages with invisible ink

Turn your kids into secret agents! Write messages with a paintbrush dipped in lemon juice, then hold the paper over a heat source and watch the invisible become visible as oxidation goes to work.

Learn more: Invisible Ink

26. Create dancing popcorn

This is a fun version of the classic baking soda and vinegar experiment, perfect for the younger crowd. The bubbly mixture causes popcorn to dance around in the water.

27. Shoot a soda geyser sky-high

You’ve always wondered if this really works, so it’s time to find out for yourself! Kids will marvel at the chemical reaction that sends diet soda shooting high in the air when Mentos are added.

Learn more: Soda Explosion

28. Send a teabag flying

Hot air rises, and this experiment can prove it! You’ll want to supervise kids with fire, of course. For more safety, try this one outside.

Learn more: Flying Tea Bags

29. Create magic milk

This fun and easy science experiment demonstrates principles related to surface tension, molecular interactions, and fluid dynamics.

Learn more: Magic Milk Experiment

30. Watch the water rise

Learn about Charles’s Law with this simple experiment. As the candle burns, using up oxygen and heating the air in the glass, the water rises as if by magic.

Learn more: Rising Water

31. Learn about capillary action

Kids will be amazed as they watch the colored water move from glass to glass, and you’ll love the easy and inexpensive setup. Gather some water, paper towels, and food coloring to teach the scientific magic of capillary action.

Learn more: Capillary Action

32. Give a balloon a beard

Equally educational and fun, this experiment will teach kids about static electricity using everyday materials. Kids will undoubtedly get a kick out of creating beards on their balloon person!

Learn more: Static Electricity

33. Find your way with a DIY compass

Here’s an old classic that never fails to impress. Magnetize a needle, float it on the water’s surface, and it will always point north.

Learn more: DIY Compass

34. Crush a can using air pressure

Sure, it’s easy to crush a soda can with your bare hands, but what if you could do it without touching it at all? That’s the power of air pressure!

35. Tell time using the sun

While people use clocks or even phones to tell time today, there was a time when a sundial was the best means to do that. Kids will certainly get a kick out of creating their own sundials using everyday materials like cardboard and pencils.

Learn more: Make Your Own Sundial

36. Launch a balloon rocket

Grab balloons, string, straws, and tape, and launch rockets to learn about the laws of motion.

37. Make sparks with steel wool

All you need is steel wool and a 9-volt battery to perform this science demo that’s bound to make their eyes light up! Kids learn about chain reactions, chemical changes, and more.

Learn more: Steel Wool Electricity

38. Levitate a Ping-Pong ball

Kids will get a kick out of this experiment, which is really all about Bernoulli’s principle. You only need plastic bottles, bendy straws, and Ping-Pong balls to make the science magic happen.

39. Whip up a tornado in a bottle

There are plenty of versions of this classic experiment out there, but we love this one because it sparkles! Kids learn about a vortex and what it takes to create one.

Learn more: Tornado in a Bottle

40. Monitor air pressure with a DIY barometer

This simple but effective DIY science project teaches kids about air pressure and meteorology. They’ll have fun tracking and predicting the weather with their very own barometer.

Learn more: DIY Barometer

41. Peer through an ice magnifying glass

Students will certainly get a thrill out of seeing how an everyday object like a piece of ice can be used as a magnifying glass. Be sure to use purified or distilled water since tap water will have impurities in it that will cause distortion.

Learn more: Ice Magnifying Glass

42. String up some sticky ice

Can you lift an ice cube using just a piece of string? This quick experiment teaches you how. Use a little salt to melt the ice and then refreeze the ice with the string attached.

Learn more: Sticky Ice

43. “Flip” a drawing with water

Light refraction causes some really cool effects, and there are multiple easy science experiments you can do with it. This one uses refraction to “flip” a drawing; you can also try the famous “disappearing penny” trick .

Learn more: Light Refraction With Water

44. Color some flowers

We love how simple this project is to re-create since all you’ll need are some white carnations, food coloring, glasses, and water. The end result is just so beautiful!

45. Use glitter to fight germs

Everyone knows that glitter is just like germs—it gets everywhere and is so hard to get rid of! Use that to your advantage and show kids how soap fights glitter and germs.

Learn more: Glitter Germs

46. Re-create the water cycle in a bag

You can do so many easy science experiments with a simple zip-top bag. Fill one partway with water and set it on a sunny windowsill to see how the water evaporates up and eventually “rains” down.

Learn more: Water Cycle

47. Learn about plant transpiration

Your backyard is a terrific place for easy science experiments. Grab a plastic bag and rubber band to learn how plants get rid of excess water they don’t need, a process known as transpiration.

Learn more: Plant Transpiration

48. Clean up an oil spill

Before conducting this experiment, teach your students about engineers who solve environmental problems like oil spills. Then, have your students use provided materials to clean the oil spill from their oceans.

Learn more: Oil Spill

49. Construct a pair of model lungs

Kids get a better understanding of the respiratory system when they build model lungs using a plastic water bottle and some balloons. You can modify the experiment to demonstrate the effects of smoking too.

Learn more: Model Lungs

50. Experiment with limestone rocks

Kids  love to collect rocks, and there are plenty of easy science experiments you can do with them. In this one, pour vinegar over a rock to see if it bubbles. If it does, you’ve found limestone!

Learn more: Limestone Experiments

51. Turn a bottle into a rain gauge

All you need is a plastic bottle, a ruler, and a permanent marker to make your own rain gauge. Monitor your measurements and see how they stack up against meteorology reports in your area.

Learn more: DIY Rain Gauge

52. Build up towel mountains

This clever demonstration helps kids understand how some landforms are created. Use layers of towels to represent rock layers and boxes for continents. Then pu-u-u-sh and see what happens!

Learn more: Towel Mountains

53. Take a play dough core sample

Learn about the layers of the earth by building them out of Play-Doh, then take a core sample with a straw. ( Love Play-Doh? Get more learning ideas here. )

Learn more: Play Dough Core Sampling

54. Project the stars on your ceiling

Use the video lesson in the link below to learn why stars are only visible at night. Then create a DIY star projector to explore the concept hands-on.

Learn more: DIY Star Projector

55. Make it rain

Use shaving cream and food coloring to simulate clouds and rain. This is an easy science experiment little ones will beg to do over and over.

Learn more: Shaving Cream Rain

56. Blow up your fingerprint

This is such a cool (and easy!) way to look at fingerprint patterns. Inflate a balloon a bit, use some ink to put a fingerprint on it, then blow it up big to see your fingerprint in detail.

57. Snack on a DNA model

Twizzlers, gumdrops, and a few toothpicks are all you need to make this super-fun (and yummy!) DNA model.

Learn more: Edible DNA Model

58. Dissect a flower

Take a nature walk and find a flower or two. Then bring them home and take them apart to discover all the different parts of flowers.

59. Craft smartphone speakers

No Bluetooth speaker? No problem! Put together your own from paper cups and toilet paper tubes.

Learn more: Smartphone Speakers

60. Race a balloon-powered car

Kids will be amazed when they learn they can put together this awesome racer using cardboard and bottle-cap wheels. The balloon-powered “engine” is so much fun too.

Learn more: Balloon-Powered Car

61. Build a Ferris wheel

You’ve probably ridden on a Ferris wheel, but can you build one? Stock up on wood craft sticks and find out! Play around with different designs to see which one works best.

Learn more: Craft Stick Ferris Wheel

62. Design a phone stand

There are lots of ways to craft a DIY phone stand, which makes this a perfect creative-thinking STEM challenge.

63. Conduct an egg drop

Put all their engineering skills to the test with an egg drop! Challenge kids to build a container from stuff they find around the house that will protect an egg from a long fall (this is especially fun to do from upper-story windows).

Learn more: Egg Drop Challenge Ideas

64. Engineer a drinking-straw roller coaster

STEM challenges are always a hit with kids. We love this one, which only requires basic supplies like drinking straws.

Learn more: Straw Roller Coaster

65. Build a solar oven

Explore the power of the sun when you build your own solar ovens and use them to cook some yummy treats. This experiment takes a little more time and effort, but the results are always impressive. The link below has complete instructions.

Learn more: Solar Oven

66. Build a Da Vinci bridge

There are plenty of bridge-building experiments out there, but this one is unique. It’s inspired by Leonardo da Vinci’s 500-year-old self-supporting wooden bridge. Learn how to build it at the link, and expand your learning by exploring more about Da Vinci himself.

Learn more: Da Vinci Bridge

67. Step through an index card

This is one easy science experiment that never fails to astonish. With carefully placed scissor cuts on an index card, you can make a loop large enough to fit a (small) human body through! Kids will be wowed as they learn about surface area.

68. Stand on a pile of paper cups

Combine physics and engineering and challenge kids to create a paper cup structure that can support their weight. This is a cool project for aspiring architects.

Learn more: Paper Cup Stack

69. Test out parachutes

Gather a variety of materials (try tissues, handkerchiefs, plastic bags, etc.) and see which ones make the best parachutes. You can also find out how they’re affected by windy days or find out which ones work in the rain.

Learn more: Parachute Drop

70. Recycle newspapers into an engineering challenge

It’s amazing how a stack of newspapers can spark such creative engineering. Challenge kids to build a tower, support a book, or even build a chair using only newspaper and tape!

Learn more: Newspaper STEM Challenge

71. Use rubber bands to sound out acoustics

Explore the ways that sound waves are affected by what’s around them using a simple rubber band “guitar.” (Kids absolutely love playing with these!)

Learn more: Rubber Band Guitar

72. Assemble a better umbrella

Challenge students to engineer the best possible umbrella from various household supplies. Encourage them to plan, draw blueprints, and test their creations using the scientific method.

Learn more: Umbrella STEM Challenge

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11 Hands-on Fourth Grade Science Units for NGSS

What do fourth graders need know in science ? What science topics should you teach in fourth grade?

As an elementary teacher that follows the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), these fourth-grade science units help me easily set up science learning centers in the elementary classroom.

These fourth grade science centers cover ALL of the NGSS science topics for fourth grade and include engaging hands-on activities for each standard. They also include digital components for Google Classroom!

Fourth Grade Science Stations – Your Questions Answered

Before I link up to all of our 4th grade NGSS science units, let me answer a few quick questions that you might have about them. If you have a question that I haven’t answered below, let me know in the comment section at the end of the page.

What are the Next Generation Science Standards?

The Next Generation Science Standards are multi-dimensional. They include Performance Expectations, Disciplinary Core Ideas, Cross-Cutting Concepts, and Science and Engineering Practices

There is a lot of interwoven content, concepts, and science practices in each and every NGSS science standard.

Find out more about how to read the NGSS and which parts of each standard we used when designing the Fourth Grade Science Stations.

What If I Teach in Texas using the TEKS?

You’re in luck!

We have an alignment between the NGSS and TEKS that shows which standards in the NGSS match which standards in the TEKS. All of our Science Stations are linked in the alignment so you can easily find them.

Why are there so many Science Stations?

We originally created 11 Science Station Units for fourth grade with 8 stations per unit. Many teachers were only using parts of each of the units, so we broke them down into individual science stations. The individual science stations are only available on TpT. The UNITS and YEARLONG BUNDLE are available on my website .

Here is how they are broken out:

• INDIVIDUAL Science Station
• UNIT Bundle by NGSS Standard (8 Stations in each UNIT)
• DOMAIN Bundle (Physical Science, Life Science, Earth Science)
• YEARLONG Bundle

While you can purchase each science station individually, you save more money by purchasing the science UNITS or a larger BUNDLE.

What are the Eight Different Fourth grade Science Stations?

Each fourth grade science station UNIT BUNDLE or topic has these 8 INDIVIDUAL stations.

• WATCH a Video – Students watch one of two videos about the topic and answer questions about the video.
• PLAY a Game – Students play one of two video games about the topic and answer question about the video game. They can also play a board game or do a word search or crossword puzzle
• INVESTIGATE – Student investigate the topic with a hands-on activity. Included is a reading passage and differentiated questions.
• DIAGRAM – Student diagram the topic with a hands-on activity. Included is a reading passage and differentiated questions.
• READ – Student read about the topic. Included is a reading passage and differentiated questions.
• MODEL – Student model the topic with a hands-on activity. Included is a reading passage and differentiated questions.
• EXPLORE – Student explore the topic with a hands-on activity. Included is a reading passage and differentiated questions.
• SORT – Student do a sort about the topic. Included is a reading passage and differentiated questions.

Also included in each UNIT BUNDLE are vocabulary cards and checklists . In addition, each science station that includes a reading passage also has an audio version of the reading passage. Students who struggle with reading can listen to the reading passage.

How do I use the Science Stations in my Classroom?

Great question! There are many ways to use the science stations. Some teachers use them in small groups or as science centers. Other teachers use them one-at-a-time in a whole group format. Since COVID, many teachers are using them in a distance learning environment with Google Classroom.

There really is no one-way or right answer to this question. It depends on how your classroom is set up and how much time you have for science instruction each week.

Click the image below for more information on how I set up my science stations.

Are there Digital Science Stations?

Yes! All of our science stations come with digital versions with Google Slides and Forms. Students can do many of these activities online or respond to the hands-on activities in Google Classroom. The Google Classroom components vary a little from station to station.

► Google Forms™️ with Reading Passages, Differentiated Questions, and Links to the Videos are available for all stations

► Google Slides™️ with Activity Directions & Worksheets to record results are available for the Investigate, Diagram, Model, Explore, and Sort stations

Please note that while we have included digital versions for online science learning, many of the core activities are hands-on and require additional materials and resources.

Click the image below for an explanation of how some of our science stations have been adapted for Google Classroom.

Fourth Grade Science Station UNIT BUNDLES

There are 11 Fourth Grade Science Station UNIT BUNDLES. Directly below are links to purchase each unit. Keep scrolling to find more links and in-depth details and photographs about each UNIT BUNDLE.

What Science Topics are Taught in Fourth Grade?

Below are the Fourth Grade Science Stations UNITS or TOPICS that are aligned with the Next Generation Science Standards. They are organized by UNIT BUNDLE and include links to more photographs and in-depth descriptions of some station.

Physical Science Stations for Fourth Grade

The physical science resources for fourth grade focus on states of energy, light, waves, and more.

Energy, Energy, Everywhere – 4.PS3.A-D & ETS1.A

The   Energy Science Stations for Fourth Grade  focuses on energy transfer and conservation of energy in moving and colliding objects, light energy, and the transfer of energy from electrical to other types of energy.  

Here are details about the Forms of Energy SORT for fourth grade.

Making Waves – Wave Properties – 4-PS4.A

In the Making Waves Science Station Unit students play games, watch videos and explore the the properties of waves. Students read about concepts such as sound waves, phones, different types of waves, ocean waves, vibrations, transverse and longitudinal waves.

Here is a type of wave sorting activity where students analyze images and determine whether they are longitudinal or transverse waves.

Light It Up – Images & Vision – NGSS 4-PS4.B

In the Light Science Station Unit students play games, watch videos and explore the properties of light. Students read about concepts such as light absorption, reflection and refraction, convex and concave mirrors and lenses and telescopes, how light moves through the water, visible light, and vision, the transmission of light through kaleidoscopes, primary colors of light and primary colors of pigment, and transparent, translucent and opaque objects.

Here is the Properties of Light Sort for Fourth Grade:

Talk to Me – Exploring Communication through Codes & Technology NGSS 4-PS4.C

In the Talk to Me Science Station Unit students play games, watch videos and explore the the technology, codes and communication. Students read about concepts such as computer coding, cell phones, satellites, Morse code, binary numbers, drum code messages, digital and analog technology and sending and receiving codes.

Here is the Analog vs. Digital Sort for Fourth Grade:

Life Science Stations for Fourth Grade

The life science resources for fourth grade focus on the the structure and function of humans and animals and how humans process the world around through our bodies.

Structure & Function – How Organisms Live, Behave, Reproduce & Grow NGSS 4-LS1.A

This Structure and Function Science Station Unit is about the internal and external structures and functions of plants and animals that support survival, growth, behavior, and reproduction. It includes 8 different science stations where students deepen their understanding of the structure and function of plants and animals.

Here are details about the SORT science station for Structure and Function. In this station, students determine whether the card shows a plant, fungus, algae, or lichen.

Information Processing: Making Sense of the World NGSS 4-LS1.D

In this Information Processing Unit students learn about the sensory systems, including anatomy (structures and parts) and physiology (how the parts function).

Here are details about the Types of Nerve Cells Sort for fourth grade.

Earth Science Stations for Fourth Grade

The earth science resources for fourth grade focus on the history of the earth, plate tectonics, weathering and erosion, natural resources, and natural hazards.

The Changing Earth – History of Planet Earth – NGSS 4.ESS1.C

In the Changing Earth Unit students deepen their understanding of how the earth changes over time. The focus is on NGSS 4-ESS1.C and concepts include earthquakes, mountains, fossils, layers of sedimentary rock, weathering, rock cycle, types of rocks, geologists, fossilization, and erosion.

Here are details about the Forces of Erosion SORT for fourth grade.

Weathering & Erosion – Earth Materials & Systems, Biogeology – NGSS 4-ESS2.A & 4.ESS2.E

This Weathering and Erosion Unit has 12 different science stations where students deepen their understanding of how the weathering and erosion change the Earth’s surface.

Here are details about the Forces of Weathering SORT for fourth grade.

Plate Tectonics, Mountain Formation, Continental Drift – 4.ESS2.B

This Plate Tectonics Unit students are able to explain the cause of volcanoes, earthquakes and other large-scale geologic interactions and land formations.

Here are details about the Plate Boundaries Sort for fourth grade.

Natural Resources – Fuel for the Future – 4.ESS3.A

This Natural Resources is about renewable and nonrenewable energy. Concepts include different sources of energy, fossil fuels, alternative sources of energy, saving energy, wind power, renewable and nonrenewable energy, solar energy, and hydropower.

Here is a sort about Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources for fourth grade.

Natural Hazards – Wild Weather & Shifting Plates – 4-ESS3.B

This Natural Hazards Unit is about the natural forces behind natural disasters that influence communities and individuals. Natural disasters include earthquakes, ocean waves and currents, volcanoes, plate tectonics, tsunamis, winter storms, thunderstorms, hurricanes, tornadoes, and flooding.

Here are details about the Solutions to Natural Disasters SORT for fourth grade.

Where can I get the Fourth Grade Science Stations?

The NGSS Fourth Grade Science Stations can be purchased on my website or on Teachers Pay Teachers.

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Science Struck

5 Quick and Easy Science Projects for 4th Graders You Should Know

Making 4th graders experiment with quick and easy science projects is an excellent way of teaching kids complex concepts in a novel way.

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A science project is a great way of teaching scientific concepts to kids, with a breath of fresh air. Doing projects bring an interactivity to the subject and enables better comprehension. Hence, the topics are learned forever, never to be forgotten. Quick and easy science projects for 4th graders, keeps the kids interested in activities which seem too difficult when taught in the confines of a classroom. These easy, practical ideas make a tough subject like science extremely simple. So, if you have been looking for some project ideas for 4th graders then read on.

Easy Science Projects for 4th Graders

#1: volcanic eruption.

Gigantic volcanic eruptions cannot be witnessed by each and everyone, and they are a little too preposterous to be imagined by kids at eight. To teach them the aftereffects of a volcanic eruption, make a simple volcano at school or home. Gather the kids and make each child get an ingredient to make the volcanic mountain and the eruption material.

You’ll need-

• 6 cups flour
• 2 cups salt
• 4 tablespoons cooking oil
• 2 tablespoons  baking soda
• 1 soda bottle
• Food colors
• POP (Plaster of Paris)
• First, we’ll make the shape of volcano around the soda bottle. For that make a mixture of flour, salt, oil, water, and add a hint of orange color for realistic look.
• Keep the mouth of the soda bottle open.
• Fill the bottle with warm water and add red, orange food colors for the illusion of lava.
• Add few drops of detergent to the water, so you’ll get better reactions and lava.
• Add baking soda into this liquid.
• Add vinegar in to the liquid slowly and watch your home-made volcano eruption.

#2: Pulley Project

Simple machines are not so simple to imagine. Assist your students’ power of imagination with a pulley science fair project. This will help them understand how heavy objects are moved to the top floors without labor or a lift.

• An empty thread spool  
• 2 chairs of the same height
• Ribbon or thread thinner than the spool
• 2 plastic pails with handles
• Broom and marbles.

Now, thread the spool and tie the loose ends together. This will leave the spool hanging like a locket. Next, slide the spool and the thread through the broom handle and then slide it through chairs, so that the handle is parallel to the ground. Then, tie one end of the ribbon to the pail’s handle and slide the other one through the spool which will loosely hang in the air. Now tie the loose end to the other handle. Put a few marbles in the hanging pail and see what happens to the pail on the ground!

#3: Cup Telephone

In the age of cell phones, hardly anyone bothers caring about how sound travels. Well, a cup telephone is a sure way of figuring out how it does.

• Two plastic cups
• Some string
• Paper clips
• A sharpened pencil for poking holes.

Now, at the bottom of each cup gently poke two holes. Now thread the hole with the string and pin the clip to the inner end to prevent it from sliding out. Once both the cups are strung together, gently pull the cups apart so that the string is taut. Make one person hold the cup to the ear and the other one to the mouth.

#4: Floating Eggs

The usual perception of throwing objects in the water is that they sink. However, seldom do children understand the reasons behind. Teach them what actually happens with a simple egg experiment.

• One glass of water
• 5 tablespoons of salt
• A drinking glass

Fill the glass half way through and add salt to it. Stir it till salt completely dissolves in water. Now carefully pour the remaining water, without disturbing the mix. Next, lower the egg in the water and watch what happens!

#5: It’s Hot

We often tell kids to avoid wearing black clothes while playing in the sun. This experiment will help them understand the reason behind this instruction.

You will need-

• 2 identical drinking glasses
• Thermometer
• 2 elastic bands
• White paper and black paper.

Wrap one glass with white paper and the other glass with black paper. Put elastic bands around them so that they are held tightly. Now, fill both the glasses with equal amount of water, measure the temperature, and keep them in the sun for a few hours. Find out which glass had warmer water and why.

Most of these experiments do not require any expensive apparatus and neither do they take much time. Hope these experiments help your students understand these simple concepts in the simplest possible way.

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