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- Best Online Ph.D.s In Counseling
Best Online Ph.D.s In Counseling Of 2024
Updated: Mar 21, 2024, 1:45pm
For aspiring counselors, psychologists and therapists, a Ph.D. in counseling is the last rung of the educational ladder—the springboard to an advanced role in the field.
A doctorate in counseling requires specialized understanding and training that can lead to positions in clinical practice, consulting, research and administration. And if you want to teach at a higher learning institution, a Ph.D. can qualify you for prestigious academic roles like tenured professor, department head or dean.
Earning a doctorate is a major commitment that entails years’ worth of classroom study, clinical practice and fieldwork, and researching and writing a dissertation. That’s why an online Ph.D. in counseling can be a practical and attractive option.
Online programs offer learners the flexibility to study at their own pace at their convenience, and they can also be a much more affordable alternative to traditional on-campus learning.
Below, we survey the best online counseling Ph.D. programs as determined by key criteria like affordability, flexibility and student outcomes. We also explain the importance of accreditation and explore factors to consider before earning a Ph.D. in counseling online.
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Forbes Advisor’s education editors are committed to producing unbiased rankings and informative articles covering online colleges, tech bootcamps and career paths. Our ranking methodologies use data from the National Center for Education Statistics , education providers, and reputable educational and professional organizations. An advisory board of educators and other subject matter experts reviews and verifies our content to bring you trustworthy, up-to-date information. Advertisers do not influence our rankings or editorial content.
- 6,290 accredited, nonprofit colleges and universities analyzed nationwide
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Our Methodology
We ranked five accredited, nonprofit colleges offering online Ph.D. in counseling degrees in the U.S. using 15 data points in the categories of student experience, credibility, student outcomes and affordability. We pulled data for these categories from reliable resources such as the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System ; private, third-party data sources; and individual school and program websites.
Data is accurate as of February 2024. Note that because online doctorates are relatively uncommon, fewer schools meet our ranking standards at the doctoral level.
We scored schools based on the following metrics:
Student Experience:
- Student-to-faculty ratio
- Socioeconomic diversity
- Availability of online coursework
- Total number of graduate assistants
- Portion of graduate students enrolled in at least some distance education
Credibility:
- Fully accredited
- Programmatic accreditation status
- Nonprofit status
Student Outcomes:
- Overall graduation rate
- Median earnings 10 years after graduation
Affordability:
- In-state graduate student tuition
- In-state graduate student fees
- Alternative tuition plans offered
- Median federal student loan debt
- Student loan default rate
We listed all five schools in the U.S. that met our ranking criteria.
Find our full list of methodologies here .
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Best Online Ph.D. in Counseling Options
Should you enroll in a ph.d. in counseling online, accreditation for online doctorate programs in counseling, how to find the right online ph.d. in counseling for you, frequently asked questions (faqs) about online ph.d.s in counseling, concordia university-irvine, university of the cumberlands, the chicago school at los angeles, colorado christian university, denver seminary.
Graduate Tuition
$795/credit (in-state)
Percentage of Grad Students Enrolled in Distance Education
Overall Graduation Rate
The Ph.D. in counselor education and supervision from Concordia University Irvine , a private Christian college located in Southern California’s Orange County, is a hybrid program that requires coursework, two in-person residencies and an internship before concluding with a dissertation project that draws on original research.
Noteworthy in CUI’s approach is an “integrated dissertation track” that involves students in research from the outset of the program. Introducing the dissertation process at the start of the program lets students integrate their coursework subject matter with dissertation seminar discussions.
The doctorate is meant for licensed professional counselors and does not lead to licensure. Applicants need a master’s in counseling or a related field, preferably from a program accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (CACREP).
- Our Flexibility Rating: Learn around your 9-to-5
- School Type: Private
- Application Fee: $50
- Degree Credit Requirements: 60 credits
- Program Enrollment Options: Accelerated, part-time, full-time
- Example Major-Specific Courses: Advanced multicultural issues in counselor education and supervision, models and application of trauma-informed practice
- Concentrations Available: N/A
- In-Person Requirements: Yes, for in-person residencies and campus-based courses
$415/credit (in-state)
The University of the Cumberlands ’ Ph.D. in counselor education and supervision is a three-year program designed to accommodate students who work full time. A private Christian institution, the University of the Cumberlands demonstrates its commitment to affordability through a “One Price Promise” pledge, which makes all textbooks free.
The curriculum encompasses advanced clinical work, leadership and advocacy, research and scholarship, supervision and teaching. All students enroll in the same core courses before choosing a specialization such as leadership, addiction counseling or advanced counseling.
Applicants to this program must have a valid professional certificate or license in their home state.
- Application Fee: $30
- Degree Credit Requirements: 66 credits
- Program Enrollment Options: Full-time
- Example Major-Specific Courses: Theories and techniques of clinical supervision, online teaching and learning in counselor education
- In-Person Requirements: No
$1,703/credit (in-state)
Designed for students who are already licensed counselors or are eligible for licensure, the Chicago School ’s online Ph.D. in counselor education and supervision is a full-time program that usually takes three years to complete.
Touted as “sensitive to difference,” the program trains students to apply best practices and principles toward specific populations, with the goal of being able to serve those communities more effectively.
Doctorates require 60 credits of coursework, a 600-hour internship and a dissertation. Two in-person residencies at the school’s Los Angeles campus are also mandatory. California residents are eligible for financial aid through the state’s Cal Grant.
- Our Flexibility Rating: Learn on your schedule
- Example Major-Specific Courses: Advanced multicultural/diversity issues in counselor education and supervision, telebehavioral approaches in counseling and supervision
- In-Person Requirements: Yes, for an internship
$698/credit (in-state)
A fully accredited, non-licensure program rooted in biblical teaching, Colorado Christian University ’s Ph.D. in counselor education and supervision prepares students for various leadership roles in the counseling profession.
Degrees are contingent on completing a 600-hour internship, two in-person residencies at the school’s Lakewood, Colorado, campus, and a dissertation. Students usually take two courses at a time, in seven- or 14-week blocks, and the program can be completed in nine semesters of consecutive coursework.
On top of tuition, all students pay a resource fee that covers technology resources, course materials and textbooks.
- Application Fee: Free
- Degree Credit Requirements:60 credit hours
- Program Enrollment Options: Part-time, full-time
- Example Major-Specific Courses: Leadership, ethics, and advocacy in CES, research skills I and II
- In-Person Requirements: Yes, for an internship and two residencies
$870/credit (in-state)
Rooted in Christian precepts, Denver Seminary ’s Ph.D. in counselor education and supervision promotes a “cohort” learning model wherein students bond in a close-knit group that studies and ultimately graduates together.
Faculty mentoring is also a program priority. Faculty mentor students primarily virtually but also in person during three required residencies on Denver Seminary’s campus, located in the foothills of the Rockies.
Coursework for the four-year, full-time program centers around two live online evening sessions plus two hours of asynchronous learning activities and assigned reading and writing every week. In addition to the core coursework, requirements include a 600-hour internship, a clinical practicum and a fourth-year dissertation.
- Application Fee: $45
- Example Major-Specific Courses: Advanced cultural foundations in counseling, advanced marriage and family counseling
- In-Person Requirements: Yes, for three in-person residencies and an internship
Several factors will determine whether enrolling in a Ph.D. in counseling online makes sense for you. Important points to consider include:
- Career goals. Weigh whether a Ph.D. in counseling matches your career aspirations. For instance, if you’ve set your sights on academia, clinical practice, research or some other goal in the counseling field, talk to a program representative about how their program will help you get there.
- Accreditation. Confirm that an accrediting body vetted by the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) or the U.S. Department of Education has accredited the online program you’re considering. This ensures the program meets certain quality standards and that your degree will be recognized by licensing boards and potential employers.
- Licensing. If your goal is to become a licensed counselor, make sure the program fulfills the education requirements for licensure in the state where you plan to practice.
- Flexibility. Online college offers flexibility, but not everyone has the self-discipline and time management skills needed to succeed in a distance program. Conduct an objective assessment of whether your learning style would suit online learning. Then research whether your prospective program offers support services like academic advising and counseling.
- Financial considerations. Evaluate the total cost of the program, including tuition, fees and all additional expenses. Explore whether you’re eligible for funding options like grants, scholarships, assistantships or employer tuition reimbursement programs.
- Admissions requirements. Many counseling doctoral programs require applicants to hold a master’s in counseling or a related field. Make sure you meet the admissions criteria for any program you apply to.
Institutional accreditation verifies the overall quality and effectiveness of an entire college or university. This accreditation status depends on a rigorous third-party assessment of an institution’s mission, educational programs, faculty qualifications, student services and financial governance, among other factors.
To qualify for federal student aid, you must attend an institutionally accredited university. Employers, credentialing bodies and other higher learning institutions may not recognize your degree if it comes from an unaccredited school. You can confirm a college’s accreditation status by looking for the accreditation page on its website or searching the directories on CHEA’s website .
Programmatic accreditation applies to specific programs and departments within broader educational institutions. Any program receiving programmatic accreditation must be part of an institutionally accredited college or university.
CACREP accredits counseling programs in the United States. Check whether your prospective online Ph.D. in counseling program is accredited by using CACREP’s online directory. Some states require counselors to hold a CACREP-accredited degree to qualify for licensure.
Ready to start your search for an online counseling doctorate? Let’s narrow down your options.
Consider Your Future Goals
Several factors will influence your choice of an online Ph.D. in counseling program. Of these, arguably the most important are your career expectations and how they align with what the program provides.
If you intend to pursue counseling licensure after earning your doctorate, make sure the program meets your state’s educational requirements to become a licensed clinical professional counselor .
Do you want to specialize in a particular area of counseling? Prioritize programs that offer coursework focused on your area of interest or whose faculty have similar specialties. Also, consider whether each program helps students find local practicum and internship opportunities in your desired counseling field.
At a more general level, look for facts and figures on student outcomes from your program. Graduation rates, job placement rates and citations in academic research can all indicate a program’s quality and the potential career opportunities it offers.
Understand Your Expenses and Financing Options
Total tuition for the online Ph.D. in counseling programs ranked on this page ranges from approximately $27,000 to more than $100,000. Financing possibilities for these programs vary from school to school—and your personal financial situation will determine your eligibility for financial aid. To find out what you may qualify for, you’ll need to do some research.
Start by completing the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA®) to determine your eligibility for federal student aid programs, such as direct PLUS loans , direct unsubsidized loans and federal work-study programs . Online students are usually eligible for federal aid, but some programs may have specific eligibility requirements, so check with your school’s financial aid office. (It’s a good idea in general to consult with your school’s financial aid office for personalized guidance.)
Other financing options to consider include:
- Scholarships. Some schools offer scholarships and grants specifically for doctoral students, including those enrolled in online programs. They can be merit-based, need-based or specific to certain disciplines.
- Fellowships. Some Ph.D. programs offer fellowships—financial support in the form of a stipend or tuition remission in exchange for research or teaching assistance.
- Employer sponsorship. If you currently have a job, check with your employer to see if they offer tuition reimbursement or sponsorships. If your Ph.D. program is relevant to your present role or a potential future role at the company, some employers may be willing to cover part of its cost.
- Private student loans. Private student loans from banks, credit unions and online lenders are available if you need additional funding beyond federal and institutional aid.
Before you commit to any financing option, carefully review all terms and conditions, including interest rates and repayment terms. Stay on the lookout for any potential impact on your financial situation after you graduate.
Is getting a Ph.D. in counseling worth it?
A Ph.D. can lead to more and better career options. It’s usually necessary, for instance, if you aspire to become a licensed psychologist, counselor educator or leading researcher. If tuition costs seem like an insurmountable hurdle, explore whether you can get funding through research grants, scholarships or an assistant position. Ultimately, only you can decide whether a Ph.D. program’s potential benefits justify the time and money you’ll commit.
Can you do a Ph.D. completely online?
It’s possible to earn a Ph.D. in counseling entirely online through accredited institutions that offer distance learning programs. Programs like those above feature the same rigorous curriculum and academic standards as in-person programs along with the flexibility of distance learning.
What is a Ph.D. in counseling called?
A Ph.D. in counseling is commonly known as a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in counseling psychology , general counseling, or counselor education and supervision. The exact degree title depends on its specialization.
How hard is a Ph.D. in counseling?
Earning a Ph.D. in counseling requires a major investment of time and intellectual effort. In advanced coursework, students will be expected to demonstrate mastery of challenging subject material. Many doctoral programs also incorporate clinical training, in which students work directly with clients under the supervision of licensed professionals. Additionally, Ph.D. programs usually require you to complete a dissertation and defend it in front of a committee.
How long does it take to get your Ph.D. in counseling?
Ph.D. programs usually require four to six years to complete, if you enroll full time. Part-time students may need longer. The time needed to research, write and defend a dissertation varies and can impact program length.
Jeff Tompkins is a writer and teacher of English as a Second Language living in New York City. He was born in Hartford, Connecticut, in 1967 and was educated at Brown University and University College London. His articles and reviews have appeared in CHA Review of Books and Films, the Brooklyn Rail, the Chicago Review of Books, PopMatters, Words Without Borders, and other outlets.
Dr. Joseph H. Hammer
Associate Professor of Counseling Psychology
Best Doctoral Programs in Counseling Psychology
Applicants to doctoral programs (PhD, PsyD, or EdD) in counseling psychology often want to know what “the best” counseling psychology doctoral programs are. However, there is no good one-size-fits-all method to rank these programs accurately. What makes a program “the best” depends on that student’s career goals .
Therefore, instead of giving you a misleading list of “the best’ doctoral programs, I’m going to tell you about the program characteristics that I think define the best programs. Below is a clickable table of contents for this page.
Characteristics Important to Everyone
Apa-accredited, full funding, high apa-accredited internship placement rate, low student attrition, high job placement rate, low student to faculty ratio, great fit with faculty advisor, cultural diversity of students and faculty, good program location, characteristics important to future clinicians, short time to degree, practicum site variety & quality, characteristics important to future faculty.
- Faculty Publish
- Faculty Seek Extramural Research Grant Funding
- Students Can Teach
- Students Can Provide Clinical Supervision
Characteristics You Don’t Need to Worry About
Institutional prestige, core course offerings, a warning about internet lists of “the best” programs.
There are several online “best programs” lists published by for-profit companies that have no expertise in counseling psychology. I encourage you to take the information they provide with a truckload of salt because they are often more interested in making money from your website visit (e.g., by referring you to the websites of unaccredited online degree programs) than giving you valid information. For example, one popular website uses “percentage of recent program graduates who are licensed” to rank counseling psychology doctoral programs. Why is it a bad idea to rank programs based on this one characteristic? Because not all graduates from counseling psychology programs need to get licensed to do the type of job they want to do, such as becoming a counseling psychology professor who does research and teaches non-practicum classes, working in certain industries and administrative roles, etc. Thus, those programs that are great at training students who get these kinds of jobs may get unfairly ranked because some of their students won’t need to get licensed to pursue their chosen career path. (You only need to get licensed if you are going to provide clinical services or supervise those who are providing those services.) For example, some of the programs that have the strongest track record of producing future counseling psychology professors are poorly ranked on this list. It’s frustrating to me that applicants are led astray by flawed ranking lists like this.
Some Essential Background Info
Please note that I have picked these characteristics based on my professional judgment; I respect that some counseling psychology faculty may have different opinions than mine and thus encourage you to consult with multiple mentors.
Some of these characteristics (e.g., low student to faculty ratio) are going to favor PhD programs over PsyD programs. Therefore, it may be fairer to use these criteria to compare programs of the same type, i.e., compare PhD to PhD, PsyD to PsyD, but not PhD programs to PsyD programs.
These program characteristics are also relevant to identifying the best clinical psychology doctoral programs and some of these characteristics are relevant to identifying the best counseling psychology master’s programs . For example, the best counseling psychology master’s programs: have a significant percentage of students who get funding, matriculate into doctoral programs or obtain gainful employment soon after graduation, offer master’s students interested in applying to PhD programs the opportunity to get mentored research experience, and provide assistance in obtaining practicum placements.
Before learning about the program characteristics, you need to know about the typical structure of doctoral counseling psychology programs. Typically, you will complete two to four years of heavy coursework and you’ll have to complete one or more projects and/or comprehensive exams before you can start on your dissertation. All of this is done “in residence,” meaning that you are physically attending classes on that institution’s campus. Once you are done with most of the coursework and projects/exams, you’ll be able to propose a dissertation project to your advisory committee, which you then must complete and defend. Once your dissertation is proposed, you’ll be eligible to apply for predoctoral psychology internship in the fall. Applying for predoctoral internship means submitting applications to about 12 mental health agencies around the country in the fall, interviewing at some of those agencies in the winter, and then being matched to one of those agencies in early spring. You will then complete your 12 month predoctoral psychology internship at that agency, starting that summer through the following summer. Ideally, students will defend their dissertation before starting internship, though some students will defend their dissertation sometime during their year on internship. For example, at our program the typical plan of study is as follows:
- Year 1: Full course load, provide clinical services to clients as a supervised practicum student.
- Year 2: Full course load, complete a Research Portfolio, provide clinical services to clients as a supervised practicum student.
- Year 3: Course load starts to lighten, Qualifying Exams are completed, Dissertation project is proposed, provide clinical services to clients as a supervised practicum student.
- Year 4: Apply for predoctoral psychology internship, complete dissertation, optional opportunity to provide clinical services to clients as a supervised practicum student.
- Year 5: Work full-time as a predoctoral psychology intern at a mental health agency for 12 months. Once internship and dissertation are complete the student graduates with their PhD.
Most students enter a doctoral program after completing a two- or three-year master’s degree in counseling psychology, clinical psychology, counseling, social work, marriage and family therapy, rehabilitation counseling, or a related mental health degree. These students may be able to count some of their master’s courses toward the requirements of the doctoral degree, especially if the courses were earned from a counseling psychology master’s program that also housed a counseling psychology doctoral program. Students with strong resumes may have the opportunity to enter a doctoral program immediately after completing their bachelor’s degree. We call these students “post-bac” students. Post-bac students will have to take the basic master’s-level coursework before they can start on the doctoral-level coursework, which tends to add about 3 semesters of additional coursework to the doctoral program of study, which means it will take one or two more years to earn their PhD. Often, these post-bac students earn a master’s in counseling psychology along the way to their PhD. Before we jump to the characteristics, I have a final warning : this page is very detailed (can you tell I’m a perfectionist?) and has more information than you’ll be able to fully digest at this point in your professional development. Please don’t get bogged down in the tiny details. Just get a general sense of the key program characteristics you should be considering and use that to inform your upcoming application decisions.
The following program characteristics can be used by all students to identify the best counseling psychology programs: APA-accredited, full funding, high APA-accredited internship placement rate, low student attrition, high job placement rate, low student to faculty ratio, great fit with faculty advisor, cultural diversity of students and faculty, and good program location.
Doctoral programs accredited by the American Psychological Association are held accountable to providing high quality training to their students. It’s hard to get an APA-accredited internship if you don’t go to an APA-accredited doctoral program. It’s harder to get a job if you don’t go to an APA-accredited doctoral program and complete your internship at an APA-accredited internship agency. For these reasons, I recommend applying only to APA-accredited doctoral programs. There can be good programs that are not accredited, but you take a risk if you enter one. Here’s the Society of Counseling Psychology’s List of Accredited Counseling Psychology PhD and PsyD Programs , which has handy links to each program. You can also search the clunkier official list on APA’s website .
It is common for counseling psychology doctoral students who get PhD’s to be “fully funded” during their time in the program. Traditionally, fully funded means that the student:
- Please note that, even if tuition is waived, most programs will require that students pay the university/institution mandatory fees for graduate students. You can find out the fees for the first year of study (fall semester and spring semester combined) by looking at the program’s “Student Admissions, Outcomes, and Other Data” table called “Program Costs”. You can always find the link to a given program’s “Student Admissions, Outcomes, and Other Data” tables by going to their program’s main webpage and looking for the hyperlink that says “Student Admissions, Outcomes, and Other Data” table.
- will receive a monthly stipend to help defray the cost of living expenses such as housing rental and food. The amount of this monthly stipend can vary depending on how the student is funded. A higher stipend is better, but more important is how far that stipend will go, given the cost of living in that town. For example, a $1000/mo stipend will pay the rent in Lexington, KY but not in Washington, DC.
- will not have to pay monthly premiums (or you’ll pay reduced premiums) for the health insurance offered to that university’s graduate students. This benefit varies from institution to institution though, so don’t assume that just because you are being offered funding that you will get free health insurance.
There are three main ways to be funded: assistantships, fellowships/scholarships, or a combination of the two.
Fellowships/scholarships typically mean that the student gets free money without having to do work, but this is not always the case. Fellowships can be merit-based, identity-based (e.g., funding for racial minority students), need-based, or a combination.
Assistantships typically mean that the student must do work in exchange for the tuition waiver and monthly stipend. This work can be as a graduate assistant (GA), a teaching assistant (TA), or a research assistant (RA). It’s best when your assistantships require you to use skills relevant to your future career (e.g., conducting mental health workshops, teaching psychology courses to undergraduates, doing program evaluation research). Fully funded students typically must do 20 hours of work a week to earn the funding, which can be called a “20/hr/wk assistantship” or a “.50 FTE assistantship” or a “half-time assistantship” depending on the institution.
However, it is also possible for students to be “partially funded” via an assistantship that requires them to do 10 hours of work a week to earn the partial funding, which can be called a “10/hr/wk assistantship” or a “.25 FTE assistantship” or a “quarter-time assistantship”. Traditionally, partially funded means that the student will have half of their tuition waived and will receive half of the monthly stipend. However, the tuition waiver aspect can vary across programs, such that a partially funded student may not get any tuition waived or may get all of their tuition waived, though these two variations are less common.
It can be confusing and anxiety-provoking to figure this stuff out. However, it is super important to know the funding situation at the programs you are considering. as this can have a huge impact on your quality of life and future financial well-being.
If you are going to get a PhD in counseling psychology (see last paragraph of this section for info about PsyD’s), ideally you will go to a program where you will be fully funded during those “in residence” years before you go off on predoctoral psychology internship. Full funding means less student loan debt. It is most important to be fully funded during the early years when you are taking the most course credits (i.e., when tuition would be highest). It is less important to be fully funded during the later years prior to predoctoral psychology internship when you are not taking many (or any) courses, but it’s still worthwhile because of the monthly stipend and insurance premium waiver. Most APA-accredited internships are paid internships, so you will not need funding from your program during that internship year.
Therefore, I recommend applying to PhD programs whose students have full funding during their “in residence” years. Ideally, that full funding will be “guaranteed up front” if and when you are made an offer to join the program. However, very few counseling psychology programs are able to guarantee funding up front because of how the financial structure works at most departments that house these counseling psychology programs.
Therefore, it is best to try to learn what percentage of “in residence” doctoral students who wanted full-time funding have gotten that full-time funding the last few years. A history of successful full funding of all “in residence” doctoral students is not a guarantee that you would be fully funded as a future doctoral student, but it is the best predictor of whether or not you would be fully funded. Please note that some programs make this percentage available on their website and some do not; some programs can provide this information if you tactfully inquire about it, some may only have an approximate percentage, and some may not have this information. If you can get this information, you should, as it will dictate how much student loan debt you’re likely to accrue over the course of your doctoral studies.
Most PsyD programs cannot fully fund their students. When considering a PsyD program, make sure you know what percentage of students are fully and partially funded, what that funding looks like (tuition, stipend, health insurance), and how much you’ll likely pay in tuition each year of the program. Make informed decisions based on this information. The Psychology Graduate School website has thoughtful information regarding the difference between PhD and PsyD programs as it relates to student loan debt, so I won’t repeat it here. I should also mention “research funding” and “travel funding” while we’re at it. The best programs offer their students access to (often a small) amount of travel funding that they can use to defray the expense of attending professional conference such as the American Psychological Association’s Annual Convention. Plane tickets to national conferences often costs $300 to $600 round trip, hotel is often $100 per person per night, conference registration can be $40 to $100, plus daily meal and local transportation costs. International conferences cost even more in airfare. Graduate students with limited financial means really benefit from having the department help out with the cost. So, try to find out how much travel funding is available from the program’s department (and sometimes the larger college, graduate school, or university) per year. For example, our program offers students $500 a year in conference travel funding. Likewise, some programs make a pool of research funds available that student can competitively apply for to help pay for research expenses such as participant incentives. Such research/travel funding is nice, but also not nearly as essential as fellowship/assistantship funding and the accompanying tuition remission.
Lastly, let’s talk about summer funding. Summer funding is nice. Most assistantships/fellowships only cover you for the 9 month academic year (fall and spring semesters), but not for the summer months. This means that, if you want a stream of income during the summer months (to pay for non-school expenses like rent and food), you need to think about how you’ll get that money. Are you going to take a summer job unaffiliated with the program? Will you just count on student loans to cover your summer expenses? Do the assistantships that students get allow you to work and get the stipend during the summer months? These questions take on particular urgency if you will be taking summer classes. Some programs require students to take courses during the summer, some offer optional summer courses, and some offer no summer courses. If you are going to attend a program where you’re likely to take summer courses, then it’s important to determine if summer funding is available so that you can get a waiver on that summer course tuition.
You must complete an internship if you want to graduate from an APA-accredited counseling psychology doctoral program, regardless of what career path you want to take after graduation. Most internships are one year full-time (12 full months) and a few are two year part-time (24 months). There are both APA-accredited internships and internships that are not accredited by APA. You will have fewer job options if you complete an internship that is not accredited, which is why all APA-accredited counseling psychology programs strongly encourage their students to only apply to APA-accredited internship sites.
Nationwide, there are more applicants than there are APA-accredited internship slots. This imbalance means that students are at risk for not getting an APA-accredited internship, which puts them in a bad situation that can delay their degree or send them to a non-accredited internship that may hamper their future career.
Therefore, it is best to go to a counseling psychology doctoral program that has an excellent track record of helping their students get matched to APA-accredited internships that are paid.
To discover each program’s track record, look at the program’s “Student Admissions, Outcomes, and Other Data” tables called “Internship Placement”. Examine the last few years (the far right columns) to see how well their students have been placing lately. There are at least 2 things you should examine.
In Table 1, look at the first row called “Students who obtained APA/CPA-accredited internships.” Ideally, 100% of their students during each year of application will have matched to an accredited internship. If less than 100% of their students have been matching to accredited internships in the last few years, then that means you may also have trouble matching to an accredited internship if you attend that program. Of course, every student has a unique circumstance and it is mostly up to the student, rather than the program, whether or not they will match to an accredited internship. However, programs differ in how much support and guidance they provide to students during this process, and that support can make a difference in how effectively students approach the internship application process. In other words, the best programs have a stronger track record (i.e., close to 100%) of placing students in accredited internships, but even the best programs may occasionally have a student (or a few, if we’re talking very large cohorts) that do not match to an accredited internship. In Table 2, look at the second row called “Students who obtained paid internships.” Ideally, 100% of their students during each year of application will have obtained paid internships. Because you won’t be getting funding from your home institution while away on internship, you need to make sure you’ll be paid by the internship site so that you can cover cost of living expenses. Annual pay varies from site to site, with a typical dollar amount of 20k to 30k for the 12 months. Most APA-accredited internships are paid.
By the way, APAGS has helpful resources related to internship that you can peruse.
Not everyone who starts a doctoral program finishes it. Dropping out (i.e., student attrition) after putting in a few years of time, effort, and money into pursuing a doctorate is inefficient and something to be avoided. There are many reasons that students drop out of a doctoral program. Some are purely personal (e.g., medical or family issues, desire to pursue different career path), some are purely about the program (e.g., a hostile interpersonal culture among students and faculty), and some are a mix (e.g., difficulty coping with the stress of overly-intensive doctoral program requirements). Like I said with internship placement rate in the previous section, just because some students drop out of a given doctoral program over the years does not necessarily mean that the program has problems, but when there is a clear pattern of attrition over the years this may suggest the program needs to be doing something different. When there is a pattern, this is more suggestive that the program itself has some problems; when there is no pattern, this is suggestive that the occasional student dropping out may or may not be more about those students’ personal situations. It’s a little more complicated than this, but I think this is reasonable general advice.
To discover each program’s rate of attrition, look at the program’s “Student Admissions, Outcomes, and Other Data” table called “Attrition”. Look at the row called “Students no longer enrolled for any reason other than conferral of doctoral degree” to see how many students from that cohort (i.e., that group of students who entered the program in that same year listed at the top of the column) have dropped out. Compare this number to the number of “Students whose doctoral degrees were conferred on their transcript” for those cohorts that entered long enough ago that they have had a chance to complete all program requirement and graduate (i.e., cohorts who entered the program about 6+ years ago). Cohorts from the last few years will not have any students who have graduated, so you’re mostly comparing the number of students who attritioned to the number of “Students still enrolled in the program”. Ideally, most students will either be still enrolled (the last 5 or 6 years worth of cohorts) or will have earned their doctoral degree, while a minimum number will have attritioned. Again, look for patterns that might raise questions. Perhaps during interviews you can tactfully ask the more advanced graduate students in that program about what may have led to those students who attritioned to drop out when they did. This may help you get a sense of the degree to which that attrition is due to program-specific factor versus personal factors. For example, in our program, we had some students attrition because they discovered that they were more interested in other professional degrees that better aligned with their career goals. However, just looking at the numbers in the Attrition table would not reveal that information; it would have to be gleaned through conversations with folks in the program. To add some further nuance: it can be valuable to know the kinds of students who tend to attrition from the program to see if there is a pattern there. Each university, geographic community in which the university is situated, department, and program have their own interpersonal and cultural climate. For example, some environments are more hostile to members of minority groups (e.g., people of color, LGBTQIA+ people, immigrants and international students, those with worldviews other than Christianity) than other environments. Therefore, some programs may demonstrate a pattern where minority students tend to be the ones that attrition while privileged students do not. This is important information for minority applicants to doctoral programs. If people who share your cultural identities are more likely to attrition from a given program, you may want to think twice about applying or accepting an offer to that program. Of course, the names and personal identities of those who drop out of a given program is protected by FERPA law, so it can be hard to get a sense for the cultural identities of those students who have attritioned from the program in recent years. My advice is to have a tactful conversation with graduate students currently enrolled in that program that share your salient cultural identities to ask them what the climate has felt like to them. This may help shed light on whether that program’s attrition may or may not be related to cultural climate. In summary, the best programs have low attrition. Look for patterns of attrition. When such patterns exist, use tactful inquiries with current graduate students (this is easier during interviews when you have some face-time and rapport built with the current graduate students) to gather additional context. If the program (or larger department, etc.) seems to be doing something to create a less supportive educational environment for students, or certain groups of students, take that into consideration.
APA-accredited programs are required to track their program alumni after graduation to see when and if they obtain gainful employment (i.e., getting a steady paying job in the occupation for which a program was designed). A strong job placement rate (close to 100%) is a marker of a high-quality program. However, this information is not often posted directly on the program’s website, so you may need to obtain this information via other tactful means. This information can also be obtained from APA’s Graduate Study in Psychology book, though the information for each program may not always been updated for that publication year.
One wrinkle you should know about: after graduation, some counseling psychology doctoral graduates will go on to complete a “ post-doc ” to help them accrue additional training that will make them competitive for entry-level positions in our field. For example, this is quite common when seeking university counseling center staff psychologist positions. Often, post-docs are to help people prepare for practice careers, but sometimes counseling psychologists will do a post-doc to become more competitive for academic/faculty careers.
Program faculty are busy people. The more students they are responsible for providing academic advising, research mentoring, classroom instruction, and/or clinical supervision, the less time and effort they can spend on each student. The less time and effort the faculty can spend on you, the slower your professional development will be.
Therefore, I recommend looking for programs with a lower student to faculty ratio. In other words, programs with 5 students per faculty member (5:1) afford more personalized attention per student than programs with 10 students per faculty member (10:1). You will be able to find out how many faculty there are in the program by looking at the program’s faculty page and you can find out how many students there are by looking at the program’s “Student Admissions, Outcomes, and Other Data” tables. Scroll down to the “Attrition” table and count the number of “Students still enrolled in the program” in the third row of the table across all columns. Then, go on the program website and count how many faculty (ideally, core faculty… see definition below) are associated with the program. Lastly, divide the number of students by the number of faculty to get the ratio. Some programs list their student:faculty ratio to their website.
It’s important for me to acknowledge at this point that PsyD programs tend to have larger cohorts while PhD programs tend to have small cohorts. Thus, as I noted above, it may be fairer to use this ratio to compare PhD programs to other PhD programs, and PsyD programs to other PSyD programs, rather than PhD programs to PsyD programs.
Many counseling psychology doctoral programs use an apprenticeship model of mentorship. This means that doctoral students apply to work under a specific core faculty member in that program. When I say “core” I mean that the faculty member is responsible for providing primary research mentoring and academic advising to a group of students. Core faculty are different from “Clinical” or “Lecturer” or “Adjunct” faculty who may teaches classes or run a clinic but typically do not provide primary mentoring/advising to doctoral students.
For example, our program has 5 core faculty members, each with their own research team/lab that is composed of the doctoral students they advise, and sometimes interested master’s students and undergraduate students. When people apply to our doctoral program, they must articulate in their Statement of Purpose/Cover Letter how their research interests/experience is a good fit for the research focus of one (possibly two) faculty member. This helps the core faculty make a judgment about which of the many well-qualified applicants has the best alignment with their program of research. For example, I do help-seeking research (i.e., what helps/stops people from getting talk therapy when they need it) among other topics, so I only seriously consider those applicants to our program that provide convincing evidence in their application that they have a genuine interest in (and, ideally, experience with) help-seeking research. In short, we want to work with doctoral students who love to study what we love to study. We’re going to be spending 4+ years working side by side with this student on research, so we need to make sure we’ll be a good fit.
Therefore, when applying to programs that use the apprenticeship model, you’ll need to be ready to articulate how your research interests match up with one ( maybe two) of the core faculty members at the program. This brings up a larger question: what are your research interests? You need to know what your research interests are in order to determine which apprenticeship-model-using programs are worth applying to… if your research interests don’t match up well with the core faculty a given program, you are not going to have a realistic chance of getting into that program, so it’s not even worth applying to it. Even if we could find a magic criteria to determine the #1 best counseling psychology program in the universe, this does not matter at all if your research interests don’t match up with any of the faculty at that program!
This is why fit with advisor is such a powerful factor when considering doctoral programs. However, because every applicant has different research interests, your “top 10 best counseling psychology doctoral programs” is going to look different than most other applicants. It’s tricky like that.
Here’s a big caveat: not all counseling psychology programs use an apprenticeship model of mentorship. Some programs do not require that applicants articulate a research interest fit with one faculty member in their program because they instead look to recruit a strong cohort of students who, once they have spent some time in the program, can pick one of the faculty members whose research and style they like the most to be their faculty advisor and research mentor. For programs like these, it’s less about fit with a single faculty member and more about how much you like the core faculty as a whole (and how much they like you). At this point, I want to broaden the definition of “fit with advisor” beyond just fit with their research interests. Fit can also include things like mentoring style (e.g., flexible vs. structured, autonomous vs. close hand-holding), personality (business-like vs. warm and process oriented, type-A vs. relaxed), and performance expectations (e.g., moderate vs. intense). You may or may not be able to get a sense of a given faculty member’s style during the application stage (some may have a website where they talk about their work and style), but you certainly will be able to get a sense of their style if you attend an interview at the program and get to experience their style first hand.
Ethical counseling psychologists possess the ability to work effectively with clients and colleagues from cultural backgrounds different than their own. Working effectively requires knowing about the historical and modern experiences of different cultural groups (e.g., racial/ethnic, LGBTQIA+, rurality) as well as how privilege, discrimination, and disenfranchisement operate in the United States and abroad. It requires becoming aware of the privileges you may hold, the marginalization you may experience, and the cultural biases you have internalized over time, due to certain facets of your cultural identity. It requires learning cognitive and behavioral techniques that will help you reduce the influence of these socialized biases on how you interact with people who are in the same or a different social location than you.
You can receive effective training in these things in any counseling psychology doctoral program, regardless of the cultural background of the students and faculty in that program. That being said, programs that have a culturally diverse body of students and faculty will be able to draw upon a rich array of personal and professional experience that can maximize the quality of the multicultural competence training that occurs in that program. Furthermore, it is nice when you can be part of a program where you can find community with people who share your cultural worldview. Therefore, seek to determine if people from communities you identity with are represented among the students and faculty of that program. It can also help when the program is located in a city where people from your communities work and live, as it’s important to be able to connect with people outside of your program. The cultural makeup of the students and faculty can potentially have a strong influence on how safe and included you may feel if you go to that program.
Look at the program website to see if you can glean information about the demographic makeup of the student and faculty body.
While you will spend much of your time focused on your professional work, you also need to have a life outside of your program. Work-life balance is essential to preventing burnout and your own potential attrition from the program. Thus, it is preferable when the program is located in an area where you would enjoy living. Think about what your needs are.
Do you need the amenities a big city offers? How do you feel about gridlock traffic? Would you be depressed if your town was surrounded by miles of cornfields? Do you want to live in a place where the cost of living is low and, therefore, you won’t have to go into as much student loan debt as you might otherwise? As noted above, are there people from my cultural communities that I’ll be able to connect with in this locale? Is there a sizable population of young educated professionals in this place? Do I plan to raise a family here and what would that be like? Are there enough craft breweries to satisfy my thirst for highbrow libations? Write down your “musts” and your “prefers” and give each program a grade based on its geographic livability. Like the characteristics of “fit with advisor” and “cultural diversity”, when it comes to ranking programs based on “geographic livability”, your list of top counseling psychology doctoral programs is going to be different than other applicants.
If your goal is to become a licensed psychologist who primarily provides clinical services (e.g., treatment, assessment, consultation, clinical supervision, prevention) to clients (e.g., individuals, couples, families, groups, or organizations), then you will care most about those program characteristics that impact the quality of your clinical training.
Time is money. The sooner you can graduate and get your desired job, the sooner you can get on with your life and start to make money. Therefore, a shorter time to degree is preferable for those who want to go into practice (i.e., spend most of their professional working hours providing clinical services). Shorter time to degree is not listed in the “universally-important characteristics” section because students who want to get a faculty job at a high-research productivity university (e.g., University of Kentucky, University of Missouri, Virginia Commonwealth University) must publish a lot of peer-reviewed journal articles before they graduate if they want to be competitive for these kinds of research-heavy faculty positions. If you accelerate your program schedule and zip through graduate school, leaving yourself with less time to develop your program of research, you may come to regret that decision.
Time to degree can be determined by looking at the program’s “Student Admissions, Outcomes, and Other Data” table called “Time to Completion for all students entering the program.” Bear in mind that this table does not differentiate between time to degree for students entering with a completed master’s degree versus those who are coming in post-bac, so try to get a sense of the percentage of students in that program who are post-masters vs post-bac and interpret these Time to Completion table results with that context in mind.
After learning the basic therapy skills in class, doctoral counseling psychology students will start to do clinical practica. A clinical practicum involves providing clinical services to clients at an agency for typically 10 to 20 hours each week for a semester/year. You will receive weekly clinical supervision from a licensed mental health professional who works at that agency (typically) and, at least in the first few years of doctoral training, you will attend weekly program faculty-taught practicum classes with the other students in your cohort. Practica is the primary way students gain clinical experience; you learn to do therapy by doing therapy under careful supervision from experienced professionals.
The best programs will provide students the opportunity to do practica at a variety of practicum sites, including university counseling centers, community mental health agencies, in-house department clinics, Veteran Administration (VA) Medical Centers, Hospitals, Prisons, etc. Having a variety of practicum sites that you can apply to do practica is helpful for several reasons:
- it will help you maximize the breadth of your experience, which can be attractive to some predoctoral internship agencies and future employers
- it will give you exposure to a variety of treatment environments, training modalities, and client presenting concerns / mental illness, which will broaden your skill set and help you develop informed preferences regarding the kinds of treatment settings that you might like to work in after graduation
- it is a sign that the program has strong partnerships with agencies in the surrounding community, which can help programs adapt to sudden changes (e.g., certain practicum sites closing down will not put some students at risk for not getting a practicum site)
In addition to the benefits of practicum site variety, the quality of the sites matters a great deal. Unfortunately, this can be harder to determine prior to going on an interview, where you’ll get to ask current students their opinions about the sites they have been to. Quality indicators include:
- some sites intentionally give practicum students few clients and then balance this by providing in-depth supervision around those few clients
- sites focused on assessment, rather than talk therapy, often involve fewer hours face to face with clients and more hours spend analyzing and writing up assessment results and integrated reports
- the opportunity to get reliable weekly supervision from an on-site supervisor who works at the agency and is licensed as a psychologist or other doctoral-level mental health professional. Being supervised by master’s-level clinicians is less valuable and APA-accreditation requires that a critical mass of students’ supervision be provided by doctoral level psychologists. Some sites are structured in such a way that students’ weekly supervision meetings often get cancelled or cut short, which may limit student’s ability to get quality one on one supervision time (a key factor that helps students grow clinically).
The characteristics that are important to students who want to become future faculty members (i.e., “go into academia”) vary depending on the type of institution you want to work at. There are different ways to classify the types of programs that counseling psychologists may find jobs in, but for simplicity I’ll put programs in three categories: research-intensive programs , training-intensive programs, and teaching-intensive programs.
Research-Intensive Programs
Research-intensive programs require their faculty to publish lots of peer-reviewed journal articles and seek grant funding for their research in order to get tenure . These programs are typically housed in “high research productivity” (often called “R1”) universities such as the University of Kentucky. The intensity of these requirements varies from institution to institution. For example, as of 2018, a common tenure benchmark includes:
- 2 first-author publications (plus a few supporting-author publications) per year in good peer-reviewed journals relevant to your field of study
- evidence of seeking external funding (e.g., applying for a grant from the National Institute of Mental Health) by the time you go up for tenure around the start of your sixth year on faculty
- evidence of good teaching, based on teaching evaluation scores and peer review of your teaching etc.
Thus, if you want to be a viable candidate for a faculty job at a research-intensive program, you need to publish a lot of peer-reviewed journal articles, get experience applying for research funding, and get teaching experience, all when you are still a graduate student. Doing this will be easier at some doctoral counseling psychology programs than others because the resources, opportunities, and mentoring will vary from program to program. Therefore, the “best” counseling psychology doctoral programs for people who want to find employment in research-intensive programs will have the following:
- Look at the faculty member’s CV to see if they are publishing at a sufficient rate in good journals. Productivity can ebb and flow depending on what stage of professional life the faculty member is in, so pay attention to their productivity from the last three years, as this will be a better predictor of their future productivity than what they were doing 5 or 10 years ago.
- Look at the faculty member’s CV and see if their students are publishing a lot of papers with them. Generally, students start off by being supporting authors on the faculty member’s papers, then, as they get more experienced over time, those students start to be first authors while the faculty member is a supporting author. Just because a given professor is productive does NOT mean their students are also productive. This can be for different reasons. On one hand, if a given professor’s students tend to be focused on pursuing practice careers, they may be less interested in publishing papers. On the other hand, the professor and/or program may not be providing the resources, incentives, or supports that help students publish. It is also possible that the professor’s students tend to be publish with other faculty members or students inside or outside of the department, so it’s even better if you can track down the CVs of that professor’s students. For example, half of my publications during graduate school were with a team of social scientists unaffiliated with my program and advisor, so looking at my advisor’s CV would make you think I was only half as productive as I actually was.
- How many publications should you have by the time you are applying for this kind of faculty job? The bar for “publishing enough” keeps getting higher every year. As of Fall of 2018, my informal conversations with faculty colleagues at counseling psychology programs across the country suggest that 12 publications (with 4+ of those being first author, majority in good journals published by recognized publishers with impact factors greater than 1.00) is a solid minimum that applicants should strive to meet by the time they apply. There are plenty of folks who get jobs with fewer publications, especially if those publications are high quality or in top tier journals. Given this, try to find the CV’s of graduating students who are seeking R1 faculty jobs who worked with the faculty member you are interested in– were they meeting this 12 pub threshold?
- Look at the faculty member’s CV to see if they have applied for (and ideally received) funding. Often, professor will seek internal funding from their institution, which helps them collect initial pilot data that serves as the basis for seeking larger extramural funding. Evidence of seeking internal funding is good, but not as compelling as evidence of seeking external funding.
- Look at the CVs of that faculty member’s students (if available) to see if they have shown evidence of seeking funding for their own research. Because they are students, it is more likely their efforts have only involved seeking internal funding or small amounts of external funding. Sometimes this funding can come in the form of fellowships or training grants rather than traditional research grants. Professors are often very involved in helping their students get such fellowships, and it’s a good sign that you may be eligible to pursue such funding with their help if you enter that program.
- Look for evidence that students have been involved in that faculty member’s pursuit of grant funding. Students can often help the professor out with literature reviews or helping to draft certain portions of the funding proposal. This sort of exposure to the process of seeking funding is valuable experience that can help students later pursue their own funding.
- Look at the program’s website, handbook, or current students’ CVs to see if there is evidence that students get the opportunity to teach. Teaching experience comes in many forms, with some forms being more valuable than others.
- It is most valuable when you can teach an official university credit-bearing course as the “instructor of record” (meaning that you are the person primarily responsible for the teaching of the course). Because faculty members in research-intensive programs often teach graduate counseling psychology courses and sometimes undergraduate psychology courses, it is ideal if you get the opportunity to teach graduate students and undergraduate students. However, it is common to only have the opportunity to teach undergraduate students (only some universities allow doctoral students to teach master’s students, for example), so don’t be too worried if this is the case. As the instructor of record, you are ideally responsible for creating the lesson plan, teaching the curriculum yourself, grading coursework, and responsible for the logistics (e.g., managing student behavior). By getting experiences with all of these aspects of the teaching role, you will be in a better position as a job applicant to make the case that you will be ready to handle your future teaching responsibilities. Also, by teaching an official course, you will get teaching evaluations from your students, which puts you in a position to offer empirical data to prospective employers about the quality of your teaching (as perceived by your students, at least).
- The second most valuable type of experience is being a Teaching Assistant (TA). As a TA, you may only have to do the grading, teach a lab section, and/or guest lecture a few times. The more of these tasks you can be responsible for the better (the closer the experience is to being an instructor of record), in terms of building your resume.
- Likewise, it can be valuable to teach or facilitate an unofficial course or didactic experience (e.g., teaching helping skills or cultural competence skills to a group of people). These sorts of “teaching-ish” experiences can help you learn many of the same skills as you would if you were an instructor of record or TA, even though they won’t necessarily sound as substantial to job search committee members reviewing your faculty job application.
- Lastly, some programs may allow certain doctoral students to guest lecture in faculty member’s graduate courses, especially when the topic for that week is an area of strength/expertise for the doctoral student. This is a great way to get some initial teaching experience and/or get some practice with teaching graduate students, which often requires a different style than teaching undergraduates.
Training-Intensive Programs
Training-intensive programs are those that offer a counseling psychology PsyD degree or a counseling psychology/counseling master’s degree (but no PhD degree). Faculty in these programs may or may not teach undergraduate students, but they do teach and train graduate students how to become good clinicians. Training-intensive programs typically do not require their faculty to publish lots of peer-reviewed journal articles or seek grant funding for their research. These activities are appreciated but not strongly incentivized. Rather, faculty are expected to some light to moderate publishing/presenting of work (perhaps one supporting-author manuscript a year or a few first-author symposium presentations or poster presentation at a conference) but are primarily judged on the quality of their instruction. Excellent teaching and light to moderate publication/presentation will earn them tenure. Teaching may include instruction of traditional courses but also providing clinical supervision of graduate students.
Thus, if you want to be a viable candidate for a faculty job at a training-intensive program, you need to publish/present a light to moderate amount and gain substantial teaching/training/supervision experience while you are still a graduate student. Doing this will be easier at some doctoral counseling psychology programs than others because the resources, opportunities, and mentoring will vary from program to program. Therefore, the “best” counseling psychology doctoral programs for people who want to find employment in training-intensive programs will have the following:
- A faculty member who shares your research interest that publishes some, and has current doctoral advisees who publish/present some. More than just “some” is great, but not required, in this case. If the faculty member also has some experience with seeking/obtaining funding, that’s great to.
- Opportunities to teach while a doctoral student: see the description in the research-intensive programs section… it all applies equally here. If anything, because of the training-intensive programs’ focus on teaching and training graduate students, there can be an even stronger incentive for job applicants to have had some experience teaching graduate students, not just undergraduates.
- Opportunities to clinically supervise and train graduate student clinicians: because of training-intensive programs focus on training graduate students to become clinicians, it is ideal if you can gain experience training graduate student clinicians while still a graduate student yourself. This is most commonly achieved by advanced doctoral students providing clinical supervision to masters students. For example, in my doctoral program, I was able to provide weekly individual supervision to first year graduate students who were providing therapy to volunteer clients. I was also able to teach an undergraduate course that allowed me to teach, train, and supervise the students around basic counseling skills. I also provided clinical supervision to undergraduate paraprofessionals who were providing basic career counseling. These are just some of the many forms that “getting experience providing clinical supervision” can take. Bottom line is that you want to engage in activities, whether paid or not, where you get to coach people on therapy-related skills. The closer the clinical supervision experience you are getting is to bona fide clinical supervision of students with actual clients, the better.
Teaching-Intensive Programs
Teaching-intensive programs are typically found at Small Liberal Arts Colleges (SLACs). Faculty in these programs typically do not teach graduate students. Rather, they typically only teach undergraduate students, most often in that institution’s Psychology Department. Teaching-intensive programs typically do not require their faculty to publish lots of peer-reviewed journal articles or seek grant funding for their research. These activities are appreciated but not strongly incentivized. Rather, faculty are expected to some light to moderate publishing/presenting of work (perhaps one supporting-author manuscript a year or a few first-author symposium presentations or poster presentation at a conference) but are primarily judged on the quality of their instruction and mentoring of undergraduate students. Excellent teaching/mentoring and light to moderate publication/presentation will earn them tenure.
Counseling Psychologists who become faculty in such departments are typically the only counseling psychologist on faculty. There may be one other counseling psychologist and typically two to four clinical psychologists, plus a smattering of social/personality, cognitive, experimental, neuro, industrial/organizational, etc. psychologists. Together, these faculty from various specialties of psychology are responsible for teaching the core psychology courses (Psych 101, Research Methods, Research Lab) plus specialty courses tied to their area of expertise. Thus, as a counseling psychologist, you would like be responsible for teaching courses like abnormal psychology, multicultural psychology, theories of counseling, basic counseling techniques, introduction to psychological assessment and measurement, introduction to counseling psychology, and perhaps a course related to your research interests such as psychology of religion and spirituality or psychology of gender.
Thus, if you want to be a viable candidate for a faculty job at a teaching-intensive program, you need to publish/present a light to moderate amount and gain substantial undergraduate teaching experience while you are still a graduate student. Doing this will be easier at some doctoral counseling psychology programs than others because the resources, opportunities, and mentoring will vary from program to program. Therefore, the “best” counseling psychology doctoral programs for people who want to find employment in teaching-intensive programs will have the following:
- A faculty member who shares your research interest that publishes some, and has current doctoral advisees who publish/present some. More than just “some” is great, but not required, in this case. If the faculty member also has some experience with seeking/obtaining funding, that’s great to.
- Opportunities to teach undergraduate students while a doctoral student: see the description in the research-intensive programs section… it all applies equally here. If anything, because of the teaching-intensive programs’ focus on teaching and mentoring undergraduate students, it is most important to get experience teaching undergraduate students. It is also helpful if you can be in a faculty member’s research lab that hires undergraduate research assistants, so that you try to get experience managing the work of these undergraduate RA’s. In my doctoral program, I was a sort of lab manager for our team of undergraduate RA’s in the lab, and this experience was valuable in helping me learn how to guide undergraduates in the research process. Some SLAC programs will really appreciate faculty candidates who have had not only classroom teaching experience, but also research mentoring experience with undergraduates.
The quality of counseling psychology doctoral programs is not judged by the same criteria used to judge other kinds of graduate or undergraduate programs. However, many applicants don’t realize this. Heck, many organizations that create “best programs” lists don’t realize or don’t care about this either (see my soapbox rant at the top of this page). So, let’s set the record straight. Here are some characteristics that, in my reasonably-informed opinion, you do NOT need to worry about because they are not likely to substantially impact the quality of your educational experience or your job prospects after graduation. Like with many things, there may be some exceptions where some of these characteristics would end up being important, but those would be exceptions rather than the rule.
Ask counseling psychologists if they think institutional prestige is a key factor that students should use when selecting which doctoral programs to apply to. I think you will find that the overwhelming response is “No.” Counseling Psychology program are not MBAs or Medical Schools, where there is dominant and fairly well-accepted metric that can be used to rank programs. Instead of Prestige, we talk about more direct measures of quality such as those listed above.
All APA-accredited programs are required to offer core courses in 10 “Discipline-Specific Knowledge” areas and 9 “Profession-Wide Competencies” that our profession has deemed essential for all health service psychologists to be competent in by the time they graduate with their doctorate. The courses that cover these 19 areas are quite similar across all counseling psychology doctoral programs, so this is not a useful characteristic by which to judge the quality of programs. Certainly the manner in which these courses are taught will vary program to program and faculty member to faculty member, but such differences will likely be hard to determine prior to submitting applications and even after interviews. It’s typically not something we focus a great deal on in our discussions with applicants, as programs tend to be more similar than different when it comes to these core course offering.
That being said, courses on topics beyond the 19 required areas may differ from program to program. Thus, if you are really interested in, for example, family therapy or substance abuse counseling or sex therapy or LBGTQ psychology or some other topic, then you can check to see if a given program offers coursework in those areas or not. Bear in mind that you are going to be up to your eyeballs in academic, clinical, and research work your entire time in graduate school, so you won’t have the luxury on loading up on a bunch of extra non-required courses… so don’t undue emphasis on this piece of the puzzle.
After reading this page, you’re probably feeling anxious. That’s a healthy emotional reaction to being presented with so much complex information. You came to this page wanting and expecting to see a list of the top counseling psychology programs and all you got was coaching on what characteristics define the best programs, some of which are dependent on one’s career aspirations. But this is how (I think) reality is when it comes to applying to counseling psychology doctoral programs. Reality is messy and nuanced and individually subjective. I do hope that you’ve learned some new things that you didn’t know before, and encourage you to share this page with other prospective applicants.
Be sure to check out my other Psych Grad School resources using the menu above, such as Graduate School Advice , Counseling Psychology Faculty Research Interests List , , and What the Ideal Graduate School Applicant Looks Like . I also recommend completing the Mental Health Professions Career Test , which will give you interest scores on 21 different mental health occupations, including counseling psychology and clinical psychology. If you’re wondering how these two psychology specialty areas are different from each other, check out my counseling psychology vs. clinical psychology page. Consider applying for my Social Justice Advocacy Internship . Finally, if you have any suggestions for edits or additions to this page, contact me .
Counseling Psychology PhD
Doctor of philosophy in counseling psychology.
The Ph.D. Program in Counseling Psychology is dedicated to the preparation of counseling psychologists who facilitate the optimal development of individuals, groups, and organizations that is culturally relevant and psychologically appropriate across the lifespan. Our students are taught to use strategies of prevention, intervention, and remediation to assist others in developing effective coping skills and responses to their environments.
The program prepares students to meet the following profession wide competencies:
Individuals who successfully complete programs accredited in health service psychology (HSP) must demonstrate knowledge, skills, and competence sufficient to produce new knowledge, to critically evaluate and use existing knowledge to solve problems, and to disseminate research. This area of competence requires substantial knowledge of scientific methods, procedures, and practices.
Doctoral students are expected to:
- Demonstrate the substantially independent ability to formulate research or other scholarly activities (e.g., critical literature reviews, dissertation, efficacy studies, clinical case studies, theoretical papers, program evaluation projects, program development projects) that are of sufficient quality and rigor to have the potential to contribute to the scientific, psychological, or professional knowledge base.
- Conduct research or other scholarly activities.
- Critically evaluate and disseminate research or other scholarly activity via professional publication and presentation at the local (including the host institution), regional, or national level.
Doctoral students are expected to demonstrate competency in each of the following areas:
- Be knowledgeable of and act in accordance with each of the following:
- the current version of the APA Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct;
- relevant laws, regulations, rules, and policies governing health service psychology at the organizational, local, state, regional, and federal levels; and
- relevant professional standards and guidelines.
- Recognize ethical dilemmas as they arise, and apply ethical decision-making processes in order to resolve the dilemmas.
- Conduct self in an ethical manner in all professional activities.
Trainees must demonstrate knowledge, awareness, sensitivity, and skills when working with diverse individuals and communities who embody a variety of cultural and personal background and characteristics. The Commission on Accreditation defines cultural and individual differences and diversity as including, but not limited to, age, disability, ethnicity, gender, gender identity, language, national origin, race, religion, culture, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status.
Doctoral students are expected to demonstrate:
- An understanding of how their own personal/cultural history, attitudes, and biases may affect how they understand and interact with people different from themselves.
- Knowledge of the current theoretical and empirical knowledge base as it relates to addressing diversity in all professional activities including research, training, supervision/consultation, and service.
- The ability to integrate awareness and knowledge of individual and cultural differences in the conduct of professional roles (e.g., research, services, and other professional activities). This includes the ability apply a framework for working effectively with areas of individual and cultural diversity not previously encountered over the course of their careers. Also included is the ability to work effectively with individuals whose group membership, demographic characteristics, or worldviews create conflict with their own.
- Demonstrate the requisite knowledge base, ability to articulate an approach to working effectively with diverse individuals and groups, and apply this approach effectively in their professional work.
- Behave in ways that reflect the values and attitudes of psychology, including integrity, deportment, professional identity, accountability, lifelong learning, and concern for the welfare of others.
- Engage in self-reflection regarding one’s personal and professional functioning; engage in activities to maintain and improve performance, well-being, and professional effectiveness.
- Actively seek and demonstrate openness and responsiveness to feedback and supervision.
- Respond professionally in increasingly complex situations with a greater degree of independence as they progress across levels of training.
Communication and interpersonal skills are foundational to education, training, and practice in psychology. These skills are essential for any service delivery/activity/interaction and are evident across the program’s expected competencies.
- Develop and maintain effective relationships with a wide range of individuals, including colleagues, communities, organizations, supervisors, supervisees, and those receiving professional services.
- Produce and comprehend oral, nonverbal, and written communications that are informative and well-integrated; demonstrate a thorough grasp of professional language and concepts.
- Demonstrate effective interpersonal skills and the ability to manage difficult communication well.
Trainees should demonstrate competence in conducting evidence-based assessment consistent with the scope of HSP.
Doctoral students are expected to demonstrate the following competencies:
- Demonstrate current knowledge of diagnostic classification systems, functional and dysfunctional behaviors, including consideration of client strengths and psychopathology.
- Demonstrate understanding of human behavior within its context (e.g., family, social, societal and cultural).
- Demonstrate the ability to apply the knowledge of functional and dysfunctional behaviors including context to the assessment and/or diagnostic process.
- Select and apply assessment methods that draw from the best available empirical literature and that reflect the science of measurement and psychometrics; collect relevant data using multiple sources and methods appropriate to the identified goals and questions of the assessment as well as relevant diversity characteristics of the service recipient.
- Interpret assessment results, following current research and professional standards and guidelines, to inform case conceptualization, classification, and recommendations, while guarding against decision-making biases, distinguishing the aspects of assessment that are subjective from those that are objective.
- Communicate orally and in written documents the findings and implications of the assessment in an accurate and effective manner sensitive to a range of audiences.
Trainees should demonstrate competence in evidence-based interventions consistent with the scope of HSP. Intervention is being defined broadly to include but not be limited to psychotherapy. Interventions may be derived from a variety of theoretical orientations or approaches. The level of intervention includes those directed at an individual, a family, a group, an organization, a community, a population, or other systems.
Doctoral students are expected to demonstrate the ability to:
- Establish and maintain effective relationships with the recipients of psychological services.
- Develop evidence-based intervention plans specific to the service delivery goals.
- Implement interventions informed by the current scientific literature, assessment findings, diversity characteristics, and contextual variables.
- Demonstrate the ability to apply the relevant research literature to clinical decision making.
- Modify and adapt evidence-based approaches effectively when a clear evidence-base is lacking,
- Evaluate intervention effectiveness, and adapt intervention goals and methods consistent with ongoing evaluation.
Supervision involves the mentoring and monitoring of trainees and others in the development of competence and skill in professional practice and the effective evaluation of those skills. Supervisors act as role models and maintain responsibility for the activities they oversee. Doctoral students are expected to demonstrate knowledge of supervision models and practices.
Consultation and interprofessional/interdisciplinary skills are reflected in the intentional collaboration of professionals in health service psychology with other individuals or groups to address a problem, seek or share knowledge, or promote effectiveness in professional activities.
Doctoral students are expected to demonstrate knowledge and respect for the roles and perspectives of other professions, as well as knowledge of consultation models and practices.
Strengths and highlights of our training program include:
In-depth infusion of racial-cultural and social justice emphases throughout program components. Although our curriculum features certain courses with words like "multicultural" in the titles, our multicultural-social justice instruction does not just reside in those courses. Rather, we conceptualize every course and program experience within the context of a social justice and racial-cultural framework. Not only is this orientation consonant with our belief that socially-just practice is ethical, effective practice, it also allows us to align our work with broader movement toward social equity.
Research exposure and opportunities. At Teachers College, you have the opportunity to get first-rate practitioner preparation in the context of first-rate scholarship. Our faculty includes researchers whose work has shaped the counseling profession, and every faculty member maintains ongoing research teams to which students at any level of training may apply. To find out more about our faculty's research interests, please consult their individual pages on the TC website.
A commitment to the crucial role of experiential training and self-awareness within psychotherapist preparation. As a counselor or therapist, the instrument that you use to enact your professional work is you -- so the more aware you are of your own interpersonal style, skills, and biases, the more effectively you can use your instrument. Many students find that some of the most important, challenging, and transformational aspects of their TC training results from courses like Foundations, Group Counseling, and Racial-Cultural Counseling Lab, where students learn about themselves as they learn about the practice of psychology.
TC's program of study leading to the doctorate in Counseling Psychology is guided by criteria adopted by the American Psychological Association for accredited programs in professional psychology.
The course of study includes:
- Scientific and professional ethics and standards
- Psychological measurement, statistics, and research design and methodology
- Knowledge and understanding of a) history and systems of psychology b) the biological basis of behavior c) the cognitive-affective bases of behavior d) the social bases of behavior (e.g., social psychology) and e) individual behavior (e.g., personality theory, human development)
- Intervention strategies and methods of inquiry; and
- Preparation to undertake a doctoral dissertation.
In developing the necessary mastery of these areas, students are expected to be attentive to the historical roots of counseling psychology, i.e., the study of individual differences, the vocational guidance movement, and the mental health movement. Similarly, they are expected to be prepared for the probable future of counseling psychology in the areas of expertise represented by the faculty, especially the influence of social and cultural systems (home, family, workplace, and environment) on human development and change.
Mentorship model. Students are advised by the faculty mentor with whom they selected during the application process. The advisor serves the important roles of orienting students to the program and helps them to develop their curriculum plans. Students receive mentorship in research by serving on the research teams of their advisors and ordinarily do research practicum on their mentor’s research team. The doctoral mentors are:
- Melanie E. Brewster: ( Not interviewing new Ph.D. students to enroll in Fall 2025) Mental and physical health correlates of marginalization and/or objectification; atheism and nonreligious identities; collective action and well-being; instrument development and psychometric evaluation. Co-directs the Sexuality, Women, and Gender Project, which offers a graduate certificate. Link to website .
- Whitney J. Erby: (Interviewing new Ph.D. students to enroll in Fall 2025) The relationship between the experience of racism, racial identity, and well-being; career development; Black women’s mental health; couple’s therapy; psychological assessment.
- George V. Gushue: (I nterviewing new Ph.D. students to enroll in Fall 2025) The influence of racial/cultural attitudes, beliefs, and values on social cognition (e.g., perception, judgment, memory, and attribution) in the areas of client evaluation and counseling practice, career development, and health; group and family counseling; psychosocial dimensions of HIV/AIDS. Link to website.
- Marie L. Miville: (I nterviewing new Ph.D. students to enroll in Fall 2025) Multicultural counseling; universal-diverse orientation; Latina/o psychology; LGBT issues; women's issues; intersections of identities; supervision and training. Link to website.
- Laura Smith: (I nterviewing new Ph.D. students to enroll in Fall 2025)
- Social inclusion/exclusion and wellbeing; psychological dimensions of social class, poverty, and classism; intersections of race and class; Whiteness and antiracism; participatory action research; community-based psychological interventions. Link to website.
- Derald Wing Sue : Multicultural counseling and therapy, cultural competency, multicultural consultation and organizational development, psychopathology, racism and antiracism, law and ethics. Link to website.
- Brandon L. Velez (Director of Clinical Training ) [Not i nterviewing new Ph.D. students to enroll in Fall 2025]
- The associations of discrimination and identity-related attitudes with mental health and career outcomes among sexual, gender, and racial/ethnic minority individuals, as well as populations with multiple minority identities. Link to website.
For detailed information about the program and its requirements, please see the Doctoral Student Handbook available for download below.
The Ph.D. program also offers a Bilingual Latinx Mental Health Concentration .
Questions related to the program's accredited status should be directed to the Commission on Accreditation:
Office of Program Consultation and Accreditation American Psychological Association 750 1st Street, NE Washington, DC 20002 Phone: (202) 336-5979 / Email: [email protected] Web: www.apa.org/ed/accreditation
Admissions Information
Displaying requirements for the Spring 2025, Summer 2025, and Fall 2025 terms.
Doctor of Philosophy
- Points/Credits: 90
- Entry Terms: Fall
- Enrollment Formats: Full-Time
Application Deadlines
Entry Term Available | Priority Deadlines | Final Deadlines | Extended Deadlines |
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Spring | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Summer | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Fall | December 1, 2024 | December 1, 2024 | N/A |
Select programs remain open beyond our standard application deadlines , such as those with an extended deadline or those that are rolling (open until June or July). If your program is rolling or has an extended deadline indicated above, applications are reviewed as they are received and on a space-available basis. We recommend you complete your application as soon as possible as these programs can close earlier if full capacity has been met.
Application Requirements
Requirement | |
---|---|
, including Statement of Purpose and Resume | |
Results from an accepted (if applicable) | |
$75 Application Fee | |
Two (2) Letters of Recommendation | |
Academic Writing Sample |
Requirements from the TC Catalog (AY 2023-2024)
Displaying catalog information for the Fall 2023, Spring 2024 and Summer 2024 terms.
View Full Catalog Listing
The program of study that follows is described in terms of full-time study. Some of the courses may be taken on a part-time basis. However, full-time study after the first 30 applicable credits is required unless the student can present persuasive evidence that his or her living and working circumstances have not prevented, and will not prevent, him/her from taking full advantage of the College’s resources. Certain essential subjects and practica are offered only in the morning and early afternoon hours.
The doctorate degree is granted after successful completion of a minimum of 90 points of planned, sequential study beyond the bachelor’s degree, of which at least 60 points must be taken at Teachers College. The doctoral program is accredited by the American Psychological Association and requires at least five years, including the equivalent of four years of academic study beyond the bachelor’s degree and one calendar year of internship.
Please note that upon admission to the Ph.D. program in Counseling Psychology, students will receive a Doctoral Student Handbook for the Ph.D. program in Counseling Psychology which will provide updated policy, program features, and requirements. (The most recent handbook is available on the Program website). The program of study leading to the Doctorate in Counseling Psychology is guided by criteria adopted by the American Psychological Association for accredited programs in professional psychology.
The course of studies includes: scientific and professional ethics and standards; psychological measurement, statistics, and research design and methodology; knowledge and understanding of: (a) history and systems of psychology, (b) the biological basis of behavior, (c) the cognitive-affective bases of behavior, (d) the social bases of behavior (e.g., social psychology), and (e) individual behavior (e.g., personality theory and human development), intervention strategies and methods of inquiry; and preparation to undertake a doctoral dissertation.
In developing the necessary mastery of these areas, the student is expected to be attentive to the historical roots of counseling psychology, i.e., the study of individual differences, the vocational guidance movement and the mental health movement. Similarly, she or he is expected to be prepared for the probable future of counseling psychology in the areas of expertise represented by the faculty, especially the influence of social and cultural systems (home, family, workplace, and environment) on human development and change.
In addition to core requirements, courses in specific and specialized areas of counseling psychology are available. Courses in the department are supplemented by appropriate offerings in other Programs and Departments at Teachers College, and Columbia University.
Please note that satisfactory performance in the degree program is defined as no incomplete grades and no courses in which the grade earned is lower than B. Academic dishonesty and unethical behavior may be grounds for immediate dismissal from the program (master’s or doctoral). Specific information regarding curriculum requirements are contained in the Doctoral Student Handbook. In addition to coursework, a number of other academic experiences are required.
Doctoral Certification
Candidacy as a doctoral student expires after a certain number of years. Ph.D. candidates must complete all degree requirements within seven years of first entering the program (six years if they have an applicable master’s degree or 30 points of advanced standing prior to doctoral admission).
Counseling Psychology students do not become official candidates for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy until they have passed: 1) a College-Wide Psychology Research Methods Exam, and 2) a Program Comprehensive exam which includes both a written exam and the submission of a Research Competence project paper. The written exam covers several areas in Counseling Psychology, including: (1) theoretical concepts; (2) core psychology course work; (3) clinical interventions; (4) assessment in career work and personal/social counseling; (5) professional issues such as ethics, professional trends, and developments in counseling psychology. Cultural issues will be infused into the content questions in the exam. In addition, they must satisfy all other requirements for certification prescribed by the Office of Doctoral Studies (ODS). Students who fail to take the certification examination at the appropriate point in their studies are subject to certain penalties. Also there are evaluations done annually to facilitate students’ timely completion of the Ph.D. degree (See Doctoral Student Handbook for more information).
Practicum and Externship
Practicum placements are available both on-campus and off-campus. The Dean Hope Center for Educational and Psychological Services (CEPS) is an in-house training clinic located at 657 528 Building. Students may petition program faculty to complete practicum placements off-campus and should contact the Fieldwork Coordinator for further information. A year-long externship placement may be required of students who do not obtain sufficient clinical hours during their practicum rotations.
For doctoral students only: Supervised experience in approved and appropriate agencies, institutions, and establishments. Students are required to petition faculty for internship training and must be approved to apply for an internship. Students must have completed all coursework during the academic year in which they are applying for an internship. Students must have passed all certification and comprehensive examinations as well as have an approved dissertation proposal.
The Dissertation
For most doctoral students, the completion of course requirements presents few problems. Successful completion of a dissertation is usually less easily managed. Unless carefully planned in advance, it can prove a difficult hurdle. Accordingly, the degree program has several built-in features designed to facilitate the formulation and successful execution of an acceptable dissertation proposal and assistance in completing the dissertation. These include the completion of a research competence project, the Dissertation Seminar course, and a Review of Research course.
- View Other Degrees
Teachers College, Columbia University 428 Horace Mann
Contact Person: Jacob Holober
Phone: (212) 678-3397 Fax: (212) 678-3397
Email: jsh2239@tc.columbia.edu Admissions Inquiries: CCPadmission@tc.columbia.edu
APA-Accredited Programs
Find a program that's right for you., search for accredited programs.
IMPORTANT NOTE REGARDING 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 SITE VISITS: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, site visits for the majority of programs scheduled to be visited in 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023 have been shifted. Please note that the “next site visit date” listed for each program does not represent an expiration of accreditation. It represents a timeline for a program’s next periodic review. The accreditation status of the 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023 programs will not be impacted by site visit delays. Cycle shifts are listed here .
Other Accreditation Statuses
Accredited program lists, related pages.
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750 first st, ne washington, dc 20002-4242 [email protected], telephone: (202) 336-5979 tdd/tty: (202) 336-6123 fax: (202) 336-5978 .
PhD Program Rankings (Adapted from US News and World Report)
Below are reputation scores and ranks of the top 27 PhD programs in Psychology, including top-ranked schools in each of six subspecialties. From US News and World Report, “America’s Best Graduate Schools” rank/school average reputation score.
Rank School Average reputation score
1 Stanford Univ. 4.8
2 Univ. of California-Berkeley 4.6
2 Univ. of Michigan-Ann Arbor 4.6
4 Univ. of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign 4.5
4 Yale Univ. 4.5
6 Harvard Univ. 4.4
6 Univ. of California-Los Angeles 4.4
6 Univ. of Minnesota-Twin Cities 4.4
9 Carnegie Mellon Univ. 4.2
9 Princeton Univ. 4.2
9 Univ. of Pennsylvania 4.2
9 Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison 4.2
13 Indiana Univ.-Bloomington 4.1
13 Univ. of California-San Diego 4.1
13 Univ. of North Carolina-Chapel Hill 4.1
16 Johns Hopkins Univ. 4.0
16 Univ. of Colorado-Boulder 4.0
16 Univ. of Texas-Austin 4.0
19 Cornell Univ. 3.9
19 Duke Univ. 3.9
19 Northwestern Univ. 3.9
19 Univ. of Chicago 3.9
19 Univ. of Washington 3.9
24 Columbia Univ. 3.8
24 Ohio State Univ. 3.8
24 Univ. of California-Irvine 3.8
24 Univ. of Virginia 3.8
Top Specialty Programs
C linical Psychology
1. Univ. of Minnesota-Twin Cities
2. Univ. of Illinois-Urban a-Champaign
3. Univ. of Michigan-Ann Arbor
4. Univ. of California-Los Angeles
5. Univ. of Washington
Co unseling Psychology
1. Univ. of Maryland-College Park
2. Ohio State Univ.
3. Univ. of Minnesota-Twin Cities
4. Univ. of Missouri-Columbia
5. Univ. of Iowa
Developme n tal
2. Univ. of Virginia
2. Stanford Univ.
4. Univ. of Michigan-Ann Arbor
5. Univ. of Illinois-Urban a-Champaign
5. Univ. of California-Berkeley
Expe ri menta l P sychology
1. Stanford Univ.
2. Univ. of Michigan-Ann Arbor
3. Univ. of California-Berkeley
4. Univ. of Illinois-Urban a-Champaign
5. Carnegie Mellon Univ.
I ndustrial / Organizational
2. Univ. of Maryland-College Park
3. Michigan State Univ.
4. Ohio State Univ.
5. Bowling Green State Univ.
5. Univ. of Illinois-Urbana-Champaign
Schoo l Psychology
1. Univ. of Wisconsin-Madison
2. Univ. of Texas-Austin
3. Univ. of South Carolina-Columbia
3. Univ. of Nebraska-Lincoln
3. Columbia Univ.
(The response rate for psychology was 34%, the lowest response rate for the six PhD fields surveyed. Political Science had the highest response rate, at 54%.)
Reprinted with permission from US News and World Report. Copyright, 1995, US News and World Report.
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The PhD in Counseling Psychology program at Northeastern is designed to train the next generation of mental health professionals.
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Critical Need in Tracking Young Students’ Progress
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The PhD Program in Counseling Psychology offers doctoral education and training in psychology and prepares students for entry-level practice in counseling psychology. Doctoral level counseling psychologists conduct research, teach at the university level, supervise students and professionals, consult with community agencies, and provide clinical services to people across the developmental lifespan. Counseling psychologists also enhance the science of health promotion and health psychology and emphasize community-based interventions.
Mission: It is the mission of the PhD in Counseling Psychology program to train multiculturally competent counseling psychologists who are: (1) clinically adept in multiple settings with a variety of psychological and health-related issues; (2) able to conceptualize, conduct, and evaluate research across biological, cultural, and relational systems in numerous social contexts, such as families, schools, neighborhoods, and communities.
Our clinical training prepares counseling psychologists to work in various settings with individuals presenting with a variety of psychological and health-related issues. We emphasize an ecological model which encourages the conceptualization of relationships and research across multiple systems: biological, cultural, and relational. These relationships occur in various social contexts, including families, schools, neighborhoods and communities.
- Translational research related to health promotion of individuals, groups, families, and communities
- Empirically-based practice in urban community centers, agencies, schools, and hospitals
- Merging of science and practice within multicultural and urban contexts
- Development of consultation and leadership skills in researchers and practitioners
- To prepare graduates for the role of professional psychologists, to include advanced skill development in behavioral observations, interviewing, psychological assessment, counseling and treatment planning and practice, consultation, effective use of supervision and an understanding of and commitment to the profession’s ethical codes.
- To foster understanding and application of the scientific basis of clinical practice in psychotherapy and clinical assessment.
- To produce graduates who possess advanced and applied research skills within an ecological perspective.
- To produce graduates who are committed to and demonstrate ethical practice as counseling psychologists.
- To produce graduates who are multiculturally competent across sources of difference, including race, ethnicity, gender, class, religion/spirituality, disability, and sexual orientation, in both clinical and research settings.
- To advance the field of counseling psychology using program strengths: (a) an interdisciplinary and interprofessional approach to clinical services provision and enhancement of the science of health promotion and health psychology; (b) stress on urban, community-based interventions using an ecological approach.
Northeastern’s Counseling Psychology Program is accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of the American Psychological Association (APA) The next APA accreditation site visit will be held in 2024.
At least two years of intensive clinical training is required. This preparation includes advanced fieldwork at various mental health settings in the Boston area. Students are expected to be at their site for 20 hours each week. Approximately half of their time is direct service delivery. Training goals include advanced skill development in behavioral observations, interviewing, psychological assessment, counseling and treatment planning and practice, consultation, effective use of supervision, and an understanding of and commitment to the profession’s ethical codes. Students must complete a one year, full-time pre-doctoral internship that has been approved by the program.
Where They Work
- McLean Hospital
- Boston Children’s Hospital
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
- Arbor Counseling Services
What They Do
- Healthcare Services
- Community and Social Services
- Business Development
- Entrepreneurship
What They’re Skilled At
- Mental Health
- Psychotherapy
- Public Speaking
Application Materials
Application.
- Application fee – US $100
- Three letters of recommendation
- Masters degree in psychology or related field
- Transcripts from all institutions attended (All international applicants will need to provide a transcript evaluation from WES, ECE, or Scholaro.)
- Personal Statement (The applicant may wish to highlight: Specific research and clinical interests, long-term career goals, current and past clinical and research experiences, fit with program emphasis)
- TOEFL or IELTS for applicants who do not hold a degree from a U.S. institution and whose native language is not English
- Strong academic record (3.5 GPA and above preferred)
- Demonstrated interest in and commitment to counseling psychology
- Official GRE General is optional
Application Deadline: December 6th
- Program Website
Request Information for PhD in Counseling Psychology
10 Best Graduate Programs in Counseling Psychology
- By Kristen Fescoe: BA Psychology; MS Clinical and Forensic Psychology
- Published November 12, 2015
- Last Updated November 14, 2023
- Read Time 12 mins
According to the American Psychological Association, counseling psychology is a health service provider specialty in professional psychology. Counseling psychologists focus on how individuals function personally and in their relationships. They have the skills needed to help individuals improve their sense of well-being and resolve crises. Counseling psychology programs focus on topics that include:
- relationships
- family issues
We created this ranking to showcase some of the best counseling psychology master’s degree programs in the country. We focused on programs offered by regionally accredited schools that offer a comprehensive curriculum with experiential learning opportunities. Hands-on training is critical in counseling psychology training, and we noted those opportunities. We noted programs that have a curriculum that leads to licensure. We then applied our methodology to rank the best programs based on affordability and student to faculty ratio. It’s our goal to make the research and selection processes as seamless as possible, allowing you more time to focus on what really matters — your future education and professional goals.
Methodology
Student to Faculty Ratio
- 10:1 or less= 5 Points
- 11:1 to 15:1= 3 Points
- Greater than 15:1= 1 Point
Average Graduate Tuition Rate
- Less than $8,000 per year= 4 Points
- $8,001 to $12,999 per year= 3 Points
- $13,000 to $15,000 per year= 2 Points
- More than $15,000 per year= 1 Point
See Also: What does a Counseling Psychologist Do?
Ranking Top 10 Graduate Degree Programs in Counseling Psychology
10. southern wesleyan university – central, south carolina, m.s. in counseling psychology.
Program Website
Average Graduate Tuition Rate: $13,560
Student to Faculty Ratio: 13:1
Southern Wesleyan University features the D. Clifton Wood Master of Science in Counseling Psychology, a 60-credit hour program with online courses and an internship/practica experience. Courses are delivered in seven-week terms in a flexible online format designed for working professionals. The comprehensive curriculum focuses on evidence-based practice and whole person health. Students will learn about:
- contemporary mental health counseling theories and techniques
- ethical and professional values and legal standards
- whole-person development and self-evaluation
Graduates are prepared for a variety of exciting career options in areas like behavioral therapy and addictions counseling.
9. Albizu University – Miami, Florida
Master of science in counseling psychology.
Average Graduate Tuition Rate: $11,774
Student to Faculty Ratio: 12:1
Albizu University features a budget friendly master’s in counseling psychology that incorporates a variety of educational techniques that help train high quality mental health professionals. The low student-teacher ratio promotes active participation between faculty and students. Courses are offered online, in a hybrid format and on-campus at the Mayaguez location. The program follows a practitioner-scholar model that allows students to learn theory and integrate it into practice. Courses are taught by faculty with professional experience in the field, who are excited to share their first-hand experiences with their students.
8. Anna Maria College – Paxton, Massachusetts
Counseling psychology ma/lmhc.
Average Graduate Tuition Rate: $10,530
Anna Maria College offers a top value master’s in counseling psychology with a curriculum that prepares students to work in a variety of settings. Students can choose to complete a traditional 12 course MA in Counseling Psychology or a 20-course program that prepares students for licensure as a Licensed Mental Health Counselor. Electives allow students to gain specialized skills in areas that include:
- Marriage and Family Counseling
- Substance Use, Addiction, and Recovery
- Forensic Psychology
Students will develop critical thinking skills to create ethically sound solutions that make a positive impact on their communities.
7. Tennessee State University – Nashville, Tennessee
Average Graduate Tuition Rate: $9,276/year in-state and $19,752/year out-of-state
Tennessee State University features a low-cost master’s in counseling psychology that offers a solid psychological core curriculum focused on issues throughout the lifespan. Course offerings include:
- Professional Issues and Ethics in Counseling Psychology
- Abnormal Psychology
- Multicultural Counseling Theory and Practice
Full and part-time program options are available. Recognizing the importance of both practice and research, TSU offers a thesis and non-thesis program track. Courses are offered during the evening hours. Applicants should have an undergraduate degree in psychology or a related field and a cumulative undergraduate GPA of at least a 2.5.
6. Holy Names University – Oakland, California
Master of arts in counseling psychology.
Average Graduate Tuition Rate: $18,054
Student to Faculty Ratio: 7:1
The top on-campus Master of Arts in Counseling Psychology from Holy Names University prepares students for licensure as a Marriage and Family Therapist and as a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor. Courses are offered at convenient times including evenings and weekends. Course offerings include:
- Psychopathology
- Psychological Development and Spiritual Growth
- Human Diversity in Counseling
Students gain real-world experience through a field placement/internship with an approved partner agency. Professional development opportunities are available through regular campus workshops and lectures with local industry experts.
5. Azusa Pacific University – Azusa, California
Ms in counseling psychology.
Average Graduate Tuition Rate: $16,571
Student to Faculty Ratio: 10:1
Azusa Pacific University features the only counseling psychology master’s program in our ranking to offer a specialization in children and adolescents. This 60-credit hour program prepares clinicians to meet the specialized needs of children and youth. Full and part-time program options are available. Courses are offered during the evening hours to accommodate work schedules. Fieldwork opportunities give students 280 clock hours of experience required by the Board of Behavioral Sciences. Courses are taught by experienced faculty who have worked in areas like youth substance abuse and childhood trauma.
4. Dominican University of California – San Rafael, California
Average Graduate Tuition Rate: $16,000
The affordable MS in Counseling Psychology from Dominican University of California offers a flexible schedule that is great for working students. Courses are offered during the late afternoon and evening hours with some courses held on the weekends. Interactive instruction helps students develop excellent clinical skills. Concentrations are available in Marriage and Family Therapy and Professional Clinical Counseling. All students complete a practicum experience at one of over 50 different community agencies. Part-time and full-time program options are available.
3. Frostburg State University – Frostburg, Maryland
Average Graduate Tuition Rate: $7,866/year in-state and $10,080/year out-of-state
Student to Faculty Ratio: 14:1
Frostburg State University features a high-value master’s in counseling psychology that prepares students to become a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC). This MPCAC accredited program is committed to science-based training. Students spend two years focused on classroom study and complete a one-year internship. The one-year internship allows students to graduate with over 1,000 clock hours of supervised clinical experience, updating their status to Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor and boosting their resume. Class size is kept small which is great for facilitating group interaction and learning. Courses are taught by full-time counseling psychology faculty members who are dedicated to the professional development of their students.
2. Avila University – Kansas City, Missouri
Average Graduate Tuition Rate: $7,798
A career as a licensed mental health counselor is within reach with the affordable master’s in counseling psychology from Avila University. This 60-62 credit hour program is MPCAC accredited and meets the educational requirements for licensure in Kansas and Missouri. Courses include:
- Personality Assessment
- Differentia Diagnosis of Mental Disorders
- Ethics and Professional Development
The program follows a scientist-practitioners model to train students to deliver mental health services in a variety of settings. Students complete:
- a 750-clock hour field experience
- a practicum
- at least two semesters of internship.
1. Alaska Pacific University – Anchorage, Alaska
Average Graduate Tuition Rate: $11,700
Student to Faculty Ratio: 8:1
Our top master’s in counseling psychology is offered by Alaska Pacific University. This rigorous program explores a variety of counseling modalities while allowing students to develop their own unique interests. With synchronous online evening courses and on-campus intensives every six weeks, the program is a great choice for working professionals. Students move through the program as a cohort, supporting one another to achieve their goals. This three-year program includes courses in:
- Interventions for Children and Families
- Interventions for Anxiety and Affective Disorders
- Psychology of Measurement
Graduates are prepared to work in roles like child and family counselor or chemical dependency counselor. The program also provides a solid foundation for doctoral study.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the career options for a graduate degree in counseling psychology.
Although psychologists work in different settings, from mental health facilities to research departments of academic institutions, many people associate the career with counseling. Counselors are licensed mental health professionals who help clients or patients cope with social and emotional problems as well as life changes. Whether you are already working in the field with your master’s degree or you are considering a career in counseling, there are a number of careers you can enter with a graduate degree in counseling psychology.
Apart from the traditional career choice of group or private practice, there are many other counseling psychology positions that allow graduates to implement what they have learned in their graduate education. Some of the counseling positions include helping people with:
- Domestic violence
- Substance abuse and rehabilitation
- Suicide intervention
- Marital problems
- Mental health and PTSD
- Age-related issues
- Child abuse
- Career guidance
- Corporate consulting
- Anger management
- Assessment and testing
- Disabilities
Counseling psychologists may seek employment in a range of settings. These include private practices as well as self-employment. Many counseling psychologists may also work as school psychologists or in education in testing. Others find positions in healthcare environments, including in rehabilitation clinics or in hospitals. Counseling psychologists may prefer to work as part of a comprehensive healthcare team or in group practices.
Keep in mind that not all counseling psychologists work as therapists. Some counseling psychologists may seek employment opportunities in government agencies or in private research facilities. Others perform research or conduct tests. Counseling psychologists may also go on to teach at the college or university level or work to improve public education and knowledge about the field of professional psychology. Depending on your interests and skills, there are many different opportunities that you may pursue with a graduate degree in counseling psychology.
What Type of Work Do Counseling Psychologists Do?
As you can see by the number of career options, counseling psychologists can perform many roles and carry out a number of different functions. These may include carrying out individual therapy sessions, conducting studies, or providing therapeutic counseling. Other activities counseling psychologists may be responsible for include:
- Identifying resources to help patients and clients more effectively manage their problems.
- Developing educational programs for hospitals, rehabilitation centers, communities, the public, or other programs.
- Working together with family members.
- Working with case managers, social workers, and/or other healthcare providers.
- Developing treatment plans for patients and clients and determining whether these plans are successful.
- Diagnosing conditions.
- Looking for patterns of behavior that will help them to analyze and better predict certain behaviors.
- Using surveys and observations to collect information.
How Much Can You Earn in This Field?
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) groups counseling psychologists with clinical and school psychologists. These professionals diagnose and treat:
- learning disabilities
- mental disorders
- emotional, behavioral, and cognitive problems
They use group, family, child, and individual therapies. The salary range one can expect will depend on a number of factors, including level of education, experience in the field, and the location in which one intends to practice. Industries with the highest level of employment in this occupation include:
- elementary and secondary schools
- offices of other health practitioners
- family and individual services
- outpatient care centers
- general medical and surgical hospitals
According to the BLS, counseling psychologists earned a median salary of $75,090 as of May 2019. The highest 10 percent earned $123,920, while the lowest 10 percent earned $42,460. The highest-paid states for this occupation include New Jersey, Alaska, Hawaii, California, and Oregon. Top-paying industries for clinical, counseling, and school psychologists include:
- Home health care services
- Specialty, except substance abuse and psychiatric hospitals
- Management of enterprise and companies
- Offices of other health practitioners
- Local government, excluding hospitals and schools
What is the Difference Between a Master’s Degree and a Doctoral Degree in Counseling Psychology?
A master’s degree is an important part of the path to obtaining licensure as it fulfills most state requirements for becoming a professional counselor. Of course, master’s degrees also prepare students to work in counseling specialties such as family and marriage counseling or to become mental health counselors. Graduates of a master’s in counseling psychology program are eligible to become Licensed Professional Counselors, but they are not considered “psychologists.”
Since most entry-level positions require a master’s degree, prospective students may wonder why a doctoral degree is worth the time, energy, and cost. Earning a doctorate opens the door to additional career opportunities as well as a higher salary. If your career goal extends beyond working in or owning a private practice, you may consider earning a doctorate. This terminal degree might be a requirement for acquiring a high-level job in:
- a community center
- school system
In addition, a doctoral degree in counseling psychology is often required for academic positions such as deans, department heads, and university professors.
Counseling psychologists specialize in facilitating interpersonal and personal functioning in patients of all ages. A specialty of professional psychology, counseling psychology addresses developmental, health, educational, social, vocational, and emotional issues.
Whether you are considering this career path for the first time or you are looking to further your education to increase your opportunities in your current position, the above best graduate programs in counseling psychology can help you meet your professional goals.
This concludes our ranking of the top graduate programs in counseling psychology.
By OPD Staff
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The University of Oregon's Ph.D. in counseling psychology offers an optional Spanish language specialization. Students can enter the doctoral program with a bachelor's or master's degree. Foundational coursework provides training in mental health diagnosis, counseling diverse populations, and microcounseling skills.
1 review. Master's Student: Overall, the University of Florida seems to be a great school as far as rankings and attendance rates go. Despite the political turmoil going on in the state of Florida, there seems to be a relatively strong student body of undergraduate students. Graduate students, however, are less cohesive.
Counseling psychology Ph.D. programs, as the highest level of education, create a secure path for the top-paying careers in the field. A Ph.D. in counseling psychology provides access to fast-growing careers. With a greater need for counseling services in schools and hospitals, the Bureau of Labor Statistics projects a 3% job growth from 2019 ...
Harvard University. Cambridge, MA. #10 in Clinical Psychology (tie) Save. 4.3. Clinical psychologists diagnose and treat mental illness and psychological disorders. Graduates may find work in ...
For its 2024 ranking, College Factual looked at 62 schools in the United States to determine which ones were the best for counseling psychology students pursuing a doctor's degree. When you put them all together, these colleges and universities awarded 481 doctor's degrees in counseling psychology during the 2020-2021 academic year.
Understand Your Expenses and Financing Options. Total tuition for the online Ph.D. in counseling programs ranked on this page ranges from approximately $27,000 to more than $100,000. Financing ...
Applicants to doctoral programs (PhD, PsyD, or EdD) in counseling psychology often want to know what "the best" counseling psychology doctoral programs are. However, there is no good one-size-fits-all method to rank these programs accurately. What makes a program "the best" depends on that student's career goals.
Most graduates from counseling psychology Ph.D. programs seek to engage in the professional practice of psychology as professors/researchers or counseling psychologists. Read on for more information about professional avenues for counseling psychologists. Salary: $79,010.
Please note that upon admission to the Ph.D. program in Counseling Psychology, students will receive a Doctoral Student Handbook for the Ph.D. program in Counseling Psychology which will provide updated policy, program features, and requirements. (The most recent handbook is available on the Program website).
PDF, 185KB. Find APA-accredited programs, including doctoral graduate programs in clinical, counseling, school psychology and combination programs; internships, a required component of doctoral training; and postdoctoral residency programs in traditional and specialty practice areas of psychology.
Below are reputation scores and ranks of the top 27 PhD programs in Psychology, including top-ranked schools in each of six subspecialties. From US News and World Report, "America's Best Graduate Schools" rank/school average reputation score.
NRC Ranking of U.S. Psychology Ph.D. Programs. This page contains links to 185 psychology Ph.D. programs rank-ordered in quality according to the most recent study conducted by the National Research Council (with "quality scores" taken from a summary of the NRC report published by the APS Observer ). The Canadian Psychological Association ...
The PhD Program in Counseling Psychology offers doctoral education and training in psychology and prepares students for entry-level practice in counseling psychology. Doctoral level counseling psychologists conduct research, teach at the university level, supervise students and professionals, consult with community agencies, and provide ...
The PhD program in Counseling Psychology has been accredited by the American Psychological Association (APA) since 1980. As of July 2020, the following states accept APA-accredited doctoral programs as meeting the educational requirements for licensure in that state:
Ranked in 2024, part of Best Education Schools. A degree in student counseling and personnel services trains graduates to work in schools, mental health centers and other organizations.
Average Graduate Tuition Rate: $9,276/year in-state and $19,752/year out-of-state. Student to Faculty Ratio: 12:1. Points: 6. Tennessee State University features a low-cost master's in counseling psychology that offers a solid psychological core curriculum focused on issues throughout the lifespan.
Counseling Psychology is of the hottest degree programs in the United States, coming in as the #90 most popular major in the country. This makes choosing the right school a hard decision. For its 2024 ranking, College Factual looked at 211 schools in the United States to determine which ones were the best for counseling psychology students pursuing a degree.
This page contains links to 40 psychology departments rank-ordered in research productivity according to Delgado, E. A., & Howard, G. S. (1994). Changes in research productivity in counseling psychology: Revisting Howard (1983) a decade later. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 41, 69-73.
We integrate counseling and psychological theory, scientific inquiry, and supervised practice to facilitate the optimal development of individuals and groups in diverse settings, including counseling centers, school-based mental health, state and federal agencies, and universities. The Ph.D. program in Counseling Psychology at Howard prepares ...
Boston, MA. Northeastern University offers 3 Counseling Psychology degree programs. It's a very large, private not-for-profit, four-year university in a large city. In 2022, 28 Counseling Psychology students graduated with students earning 23 Master's degrees, and 5 Doctoral degrees. Based on 12 Reviews.
What master's in counseling psychology program you should apply to in 2021? We've reviewed all U.S schools and chosen our top 20.
In 2024, College Factual analyzed 174 schools in order to identify the top ones for its Best Counseling Psychology Master's Degree Schools ranking. When you put them all together, these colleges and universities awarded 8,317 master's degrees in counseling psychology during the 2020-2021 academic year.
Whether you're just exploring your options or getting ready to apply to graduate school in counseling, special education, social work, psychology, marriage and family therapy, art therapy, or occupational therapy, this event is for you! …
The MS in Counseling Psychology Program Information Session will be an opportunity to learn about the application process, degree requirements, and career objectives from program faculty and Graduate Studies Office Staff. Reservations for these information sessions are required, please RSVP.
Evanston, IL ·. Northwestern University ·. Graduate School. ·. 3 reviews. Master's Student: Northwestern's Master of Science in Energy and Sustainability is a first of its kind professionally focused master's program in the nation. Interdisciplinary by design, MSES covers the technical, policy, and business/economics of the energy and ...
Department of Graduate Psychology Welcome Picnic (5-7pm, JMU Farm) September 9/3. Pizza & Process (12:10pm, Miller 1107) 9/9. Graduate Psychology Department Meeting (1pm to 2:30pm, Faculty & Staff) 9/10. Last day to withdraw from the university with cancellation of tuition charges and refund. 9/11-14. Counseling & Supervision 1st Fall Residency ...
The Department of Counselor Education and Counseling Psychology offers a Master of Arts degree program in school counseling or a Master of Science degree program in clinical mental health counseling, with the option to specialize in addictions counseling or child and adolescent counseling. ... Test scores on the Graduate Record Examination (GRE ...
For more information about the programs that the Graduate School of Professional Psychology (GSPP) offers, please refer to GSPP's admissions webpage. If you have any questions or concerns regarding admission requirements, deadlines, and late application materials, please contact [email protected] or call (303) 871-3736.
This Graduate School Application Support Session will be led by UW-Madison alum, Evann Zima, who successfully applied to and was recently admitted to a Clinical Mental Health Counseling Master's Degree program. Evann will share details …
Expected hiring range: Counselor I: $65,000 - $68,000 per year Counselor II: $75,000 - $80,000 per year Pay transparency disclosure: The selected candidate's salary will be determined based on factors that include the available budget, internal equity, and the final candidate's qualifications, experience, education and other job-related credentials.