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Essay writing jobs

Don't miss out on the opportunity of a lifetime and make money writing online for the EssayService! Enjoy working alongside professionals accompanied by an excellent website with a mobile friendly interface so you can access it anytime, anywhere.

Benefits of working with EssayService

It is more than obvious that in today’s online marketplace there has been a substantial growth in the number of online writing services. The appearance of so many services over the past couple of years was instigated by the need of this service. Thus, in such a saturated market one often wonders how they can get paid to write papers for clients who want to buy essays .

So if you are looking to write and get paid instantly then you have come to the right place.

We understand that the educational system is not exactly perfect having multiple flaws in its execution and performance. It is from that memory of not having the support needed from institutions that we got together to help the future generation avoid such problems. We do not believe that we are the perfect company for everyone, nonetheless when exploring the web one can have his pick according to their personal preferences. Therefore, anyone applying for a paper writer job can choose to work at an establishment such as ours or try to do it all on their own. Either option has its unique advantages and disadvantages.

As some people have honed their entrepreneurial skills throughout their studies, they have chosen to make a personal essay writer website promoting their services as a freelancer. The biggest issue with being a freelancer revolves around not being well known amongst the online community for your excellent paper writing skills. Nonetheless, you get to keep 100% of the payment if you do manage to land an order. So why would someone choose to compromise making maximum profits by taking assignment writer jobs at companies? Essentially, working with us will allow you to select the online writing job orders that best fit your schedule and knowledge base. Having such a tool available will allow one to manage their time better while still generating a decent income without you having to waste your own time and money on a website that might not attract sufficient clients.

Thus, by teaming up with the EssayService,you will:

• Always find customers in need of essay help.
• Increase your time management efficiency.
• Never have to create, or micro-manage any websites promoting your skills.
• Produce excellent, authentic work from your desired workplace.
• Make money writing online.
• Be your own boss.

The most appreciated advantage by most of our employees is writing papers for money from home or anywhere in the world, as long as the tasks you undertake are done up to par. Furthermore, you are your own boss as long as you stay on top of your schedule and receive positive reviews, the world is in the palm of your hands.

Features of our essay writing jobs

Here are some of the fantastic features that you will have access to when choosing to join our team of writers.

Efficient bid system

Take part in competitive bids on attractive orders when clients buy papers.

Negotiate prices

Submit offers and negotiate your writing jobs directly with the customer.

24/7 online support

Stay in touch with the clientele, always provide drafts and alterations according to their instructions.

Express withdrawals

Get your payments in 48 hours or less via Skrill or a direct bank wire transfer.

Make money writing online

Expanding your customer base will make sure you can have the life you’ve always dreamed of.

Build a network of contacts

Create your own professional writer’s portfolio with clients and helpful contacts.

Connected with instant notifications

Get the latest information on all the important order updates via SMS, email or push notifications.

How to make money writing online

Ever wondered what it takes to be a successful writer? One can argue that to be truly proficient at your online writing job, a significant amount of practice and experience is required. No matter how you twist or turn it, the answer is quite evident. For one to become a professional educational writer there are many qualities that they must have, which will be listed and explained below. By making sure the employees meet these respective criteria, the clients then begin to rely on EssayService to handle their " write my essay " concerns. Thus, with this in mind, it becomes quite clear why we have chosen the following requirements as the cornerstones of our hiring process.

Do you have what it takes to work with EssayService?

Below are the 4 main criteria that we use to judge someone’s eligibility in working with us.

To guarantee the best possible outcome for all parties involved one must have mastered the English Language and all its integral elements.

It is advised to have gathered 2 to 3 years of prior experience working as a professional educational writer before applying to join the EssayService writing team. This will ensure that your overall end product will need minimal editing if any at all.

Our minimum requirements are that the educational writer possesses at least a BBA in their field of expertise. The more accreditations the author has, the easier it is to get orders.

It is crucial to be in contact with the customer regarding the progress of their work. Do not delay responding to their questions and queries, as this could have an adverse impact on their experience of our services. This is a vital part of undertaking our online writing jobs.

Get paid to write papers for people

We understand that every day there are more and more talented individuals obtaining higher accreditations, thus making them eligible to get one of our paper writer jobs. Nevertheless, despite the growing numbers in their quantity that does not always reflect an immediate direct growth in quality. With that in mind, we ask that those seeking to apply, be patient and go through all the necessary steps so that we may assess their writing skills and speed. Every individual that does so successfully starts to get paid to write papers for clients almost immediately. Initially, start off your application process by preparing a tidy professional resume highlighting your qualifications as an educational. It is recommended to include a brief explanation on why we should hire you. If we are interested, we will get in touch and start setting up the next stages of your assessment.

It is important to keep in mind that one of the upcoming tests is to determine your psychological health, the reasons for doing so are quite clear.

Don’t let this opportunity pass you by, simply write and get paid instantly for your hard work. In the off chance you are still confused or seek case-specific information regarding a particular step of the hiring process do not hesitate to contact our staff or simply check out our essay service reviews and FAQs .

Let us know what help you need and when you need it done.

How our service is used

The services provided by EssayService are meant to be used for ongoing research, general information, ideas, or citations. Our product delivers examples/drafts for essays, articles, dissertations, case studies, coursework, PowerPoint presentations, research paper, etc. in order to help people with their studies. Orders delivered by EssayService writers are NOT intended to be submitted OR forwarded as a final work. The product is meant to be used for research material, draft, or study purposes. EssayService does not tolerate any type of copying.

Agency and employment

One of the unfair employment practices by the American businesses is unjust pay. It is quite rare to find workers who believe that they are making too much money. Some of the American companies are found not providing their employees with fair wage standards. For instance, the retail Wal-Mart company have in many times being criticized for paying its worker’s unfair wages although it reaps enormous profits. Therefore, it is an unfair employment practice to have organizations making a lot of benefit without paying its employees wages that can commensurate their contribution to the companies. Another unfair employment practice of many businesses in America is under-appreciation. Many companies in the United States have been found to be not appreciating their employees for the extra effort they put in the activities of their companies. When the workers in a given organization feel that they are unappreciated at work, they start developing a bad attitude towards the company’s activities, and they become less motivated to participate in any operation of the organization (Noe, Hollenbeck, Gerhart, & Wright, 2003). It is  a fair practice for a team to show to its workers that it appreciate their contribution to the activities of the organization through giving rewards to those workers who put extra effort in attaining the goals and objectives of the company. It is unfair employment practice whereby the employers in business do not set standards that encourage work appreciation for the employee.

Additionally, many businesses in the United States are found having an unfair employment practice of exercising favoritism in the organization.  There are many forms in which partiality in a given group is applied. First, favoritism is seen during the process of recruiting new staffs to the business. The members of the committee carrying out the recruitment process mostly select the best candidate for the job through favoritism. The selection poses a significant threat to the company’s staff since the incompetent individuals end up been recruited because they are liked by the recruiting members of the committee (Liu, 2016). Second, favoritism is practiced in most of the United States businesses whereby in a given working setting, an individual receives a special treatment when at work.  Some people even get undeserved promotion as a result of favoritism or also get a better work schedule. It should be noted that favoritism is unfair business practice by the employers since it is a destructive force to the morale of workers.

Additionally, lack of providing an opportunity for advancement is another unfair employment practice by the United States companies.  The discriminatory practice creates a ceiling to the career of employees in organizations. The United States organizations do not create the opportunity for workers to be promoted to advance positions after they have gained a lot of experience. A company should create many posts so that the employees may be moving up to occupy them after they have been promoted. The process greatly helps in preventing the employees from having a mind of running to other companies that provide the opportunity for advancement.  Another unfair employment practice is overworking the employees.  Most of the employees in the United States businesses complain of being overworked by the employment management. When workers become overworked, they lose the work morale hence they become unproductive in the business activities.

Another unfair employment practice in many United States companies is lack of communication. The most significant issue with the relationship between workers and businesses is lack of adequate communication.  The problem starts typically when workers start avoiding speaking to their employers because they fear retribution. However, when the upper management in a given organization lacks practicing open communication to their employees, then it leads to a weak relationship between them and the workers.  It would be a fair employment practice when an organization adopts proper ways of communication as the workers would be ready to give their feedback to the management and contribute towards making of the company’s decisions.

Communication in corporations is an ongoing process, and it should not be viewed as a static event.  When the employees are kept on loop, they have high tolerance towards change. Furthermore, in the United States of America, many companies are seen exercising unfair employment practices by lacking to observe diversity. The issue of lack of diversity is a glaring problem in the modern companies, and it is most prevalent among the tech companies (Chrobot-Mason, & Aramovich, 2013).  When organizations miss out hiring people from different backgrounds, and they train only a homogenous team, they miss out a main strategic advantage. A group which is made up of team members who think and act alike then it stands at a higher risk of failing to attain its goals and objectives. Therefore, it is an unfair employment practice of lacking to consider diversity in the workplace.  Having a broader perspective and skill set of the diverse group made up of talented persons is a significant asset whenever the company is presented with an opportunity.

• Chrobot-Mason, D., & Aramovich, N. P. (2013). The psychological benefits of creating an affirming climate for workplace diversity. Group & Organization Management ,  38 ,6, 659-689.
• Liu, Z. (2016, January). Determined by Myself or by My Group? Lay Theories of Agency and Favoritism in the Workplace. In Academy of Management Proceedings (2016,  1, 13049). Academy of Management.
• Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, P. M. (2003).  Gaining a competitive advantage . Irwin: McGraw-Hill.
• Business Ethics
• Business Law
• Career Path
• Entrepreneurship
• International Business

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• Careers – 2022

Our Mission

At Proofed, we strive to provide the highest-quality proofreading and editing services in the world. To do this, we’ve built a community of highly qualified editors who work alongside our in-house team to deliver outstanding results for customers worldwide. 

Our talented editors are the lifeblood of our company. While our team includes individuals from all sorts of backgrounds, we are united by a love of the written word and our desire to perfect it. So, if you’re passionate about language and love helping people enhance their written work, you’ll fit right in at Proofed!

To become an editor with us, you’ll need to pass both the Becoming a Proofreader and Becoming an Editor courses with distinction (80%) , offered by online training platform Knowadays . Click the button or read on below to find out more.

Becoming A Proofreader

Join Our Team

We work in partnership with Knowadays to ensure that we hire the most talented proofreaders and editors. To join our editing team, you’ll need to pass the Knowadays Becoming A Proofreader and Becoming an Editor courses with distinction, scoring 80% or over. You’ll then be given the opportunity to work with us on a trial basis ; if the trial goes well, you’ll be invited to join us as a fully fledged member of the editing team.

If you already have some proofreading or editing experience, Becoming A Proofreader is a great way to invest in your professional development, maximise your skills, and take your career forward. If you’re a complete beginner, the course is your first step toward a flexible, fulfilling new career as a fully trained proofreading professional!

You can find out more about the course, and sign up for a free trial, here .

What We Offer

Amazing work–life balance.

We believe that a great work–life balance is crucial to health and happiness, so we let our proofreaders choose their own hours and workload. This means you can work when you want and where you want, designing a schedule that fits around your lifestyle. 

A Team-Oriented Culture

We want our editors to thrive. So, even though you’ll work remotely, we have a dedicated support team on hand to guide you through our training, editing processes, and guidelines. We’ll also provide helpful feedback, so you can keep on honing your editing skills.

Fast, Transparent Payment

Our per-project payment makes it easy to decide which jobs you want to take on. We also show you how much you’ll be paid for all documents before you accept them, and you’ll receive your payments promptly, making this a reassuringly simple process.

Join Our In-House Team Of Experts

To help our editors with their work, we’ve built an incredible support team. This includes expert quality control editors who guarantee company-wide consistency, account managers who help manage our business clients, and a first-rate operations team.

To build this team, we drew on our pool of freelancers, recruiting people who are not only skilled proofreaders but also thrive working in a fast-paced, customer-facing role. This means they provide the perfect point of contact for editors and customers alike.

Essay on Employment

Students are often asked to write an essay on Employment in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Employment

Understanding employment.

Employment is when someone works for a company or for themselves, earning money to live. It’s a crucial part of our lives, helping us support ourselves and our families.

Types of Employment

Benefits of employment.

Employment has many benefits. It provides income, helps us learn new skills, and can give us a sense of accomplishment and purpose.

So, employment is essential for economic stability and personal growth. It’s a vital part of our society.

250 Words Essay on Employment

The concept of employment, the changing landscape of employment.

The employment landscape is in a constant state of evolution, influenced by technological advancements, globalization, and socio-political shifts. The rise of the gig economy, remote work, and automation are reshaping traditional employment paradigms, necessitating adaptability and lifelong learning.

The Impact of Employment on Society

Employment impacts society in many ways. It aids in poverty reduction, enhances social inclusion, and contributes to economic growth. Conversely, unemployment can lead to social unrest and economic instability. Thus, creating sustainable employment opportunities is a key policy objective for governments worldwide.

Challenges and Future Prospects

Despite its importance, the world faces significant employment challenges. Youth unemployment, gender disparities, and the threat of job obsolescence due to AI and robotics are pressing issues. It is imperative to develop robust strategies to ensure equitable access to quality jobs and foster an environment conducive to innovation and entrepreneurship.

In conclusion, employment is a multifaceted concept with profound societal implications. As we navigate the changing employment landscape, it is essential to foster a holistic understanding of employment and its impacts, and to proactively address the challenges it presents. The future of work will be determined by our ability to adapt, innovate, and maintain a human-centric approach in the face of technological change.

500 Words Essay on Employment

Introduction.

Employment is a fundamental aspect of human life, providing not only a means of livelihood but also a sense of purpose and identity. It is a multifaceted concept that goes beyond the simple exchange of labor for wages, encompassing factors such as job satisfaction, career progression, and work-life balance.

The Importance of Employment

The dynamics of employment.

The world of employment is dynamic and constantly evolving, shaped by factors such as technological advancements, economic trends, and societal changes. Technological innovation, for instance, has led to the emergence of new industries and job roles while rendering others obsolete. This necessitates lifelong learning and adaptability among workers to stay relevant in the job market.

The Challenges of Employment

Despite its importance, achieving full, productive, and freely chosen employment is a challenge faced by many. Unemployment and underemployment, characterized by inadequate work opportunities and low-quality jobs, remain persistent issues worldwide. These challenges are further exacerbated by discrimination and inequality in the labor market, which prevent certain groups from accessing decent work.

The Future of Employment

Looking ahead, the future of employment is likely to be shaped by several key trends. The ongoing digital revolution, for example, is expected to further transform the labor market, giving rise to new forms of work such as remote and gig work. Similarly, the growing focus on sustainability is likely to create job opportunities in green industries while potentially displacing jobs in more polluting sectors.

That’s it! I hope the essay helped you.

Happy studying!

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Essays - National Security & Careers in Public Service

The essays on the Boren Awards application are critical to the selection process for Boren Scholars and Fellows. The Boren Awards application process does not have a semi-finalist or interview phase, so everything an applicant would want the selection committee to know should be stated clearly in the essays and other application materials.

Before beginning drafts of the essays, Boren Awards applicants are advised to review the official selection criteria . These include both program design criteria explained in greater detail on the Selecting an Eligible Study Program section of the website, as well as forming the basis for the essay prompts discussed below.

In addition to reviewing the guidance below, applicants can boost their chances of success by watching Boren Awards webinars relevant to their proposed programs and working with their Boren Awards campus representatives early and often throughout the application cycle.

Essay 1 - National Security

The first essay on both the Boren Scholarships and Boren Fellowships applications has a maximum length of 800 words. The essay should be single-spaced, except where spaces are used to separate paragraphs (recommended). The prompt for the first essay is:

Explain the significance of your proposed country, region, and language to U.S. national security. The Boren Awards recognize a broad definition of national security, but you should make a specific, detailed, and focused argument specific to your academic interests and professional goals.

The Boren Awards give preference to geographic areas , languages , and fields of study deemed critical to U.S. national security. Applicants proposing study programs that meet those preferences are encouraged to focus their first essay on specific topic(s) related to their academic interests and professional goals. The relevance of those topics to the national security of the United States should be made clear throughout the first essay.

The Boren Awards employ a broad definition of national security that encompasses not only the traditional concepts of national defense , diplomacy , and intelligence matters, but also any topics addressing the challenges facing global society. These include, but are not limited to :

• Economic development
• Democracy and governance
• Environmental sustainability
• Food security
• Public health and disease prevention
• Cybersecurity
• Trade and commerce
• Financial regulation
• Transportation
• Telecommunications
• Natural disaster response

The bottom line of the first essay is to argue why U.S. policymakers should be concerned with the national security implications of the issue(s) discussed. Applicants should not feel compelled to make their arguments on topics outside the scope of their academic study. The essay should be written for an educated, generalist audience, avoiding unnecessary subject-specific jargon. Applicants are encouraged to employ persuasive facts and figures in their essay, but these should be easily verifiable. Lengthy quotations, footnotes, or parenthetical citations are not recommended or necessary.

Applicants may extend the scope of their national security argument beyond the overseas location and language they are proposing to study. However, as stated in the prompt, the significance of that overseas location, region, and language to the subject(s) of the essay needs to be stated clearly.

Applicants need not discuss their career plans or research methodology in detail in the first essay, as these are addressed elsewhere in the application. The national security argument made in the first essay should nevertheless complement, not contradict, the career plan described in the second essay.

Essay 2 - Motivation & Public Service Careers

The second essay has a maximum length of 800 words for the Boren Scholarships application, and 1000 words for Boren Fellowships application. The essay should be single-spaced, except where spaces are used to separate paragraphs (recommended). The prompt for the second essay is:

Please discuss the following points in one integrated essay, giving equal attention to each point. You can discuss the points in any order.

• Think about a previous experience that has led to growth or a personal quality. Reflect upon it and describe how it will assist you in preparing to spend significant time overseas studying a critical foreign language and culture [ + for Fellows : and, if applicable, conducting your proposed research].
• Explain how the country and language you selected will help you achieve your career goals, including your plans to fulfill the federal service requirement. Be specific. If appropriate, you may also include relevant past academic, extracurricular, volunteer, internship, and professional experiences.
• As you will be committing to working for the federal government for at least one year, describe what makes you interested in federal service and what you will bring as a leader in the federal workforce.

The purpose of the second essay is twofold: it is an opportunity for applicants to describe their preparation for long-term, immersive overseas study, and to convince selection panelists of their motivation for and commitment to careers in public service.

Applicants will be familiar with essays reflecting on how a previous experience has led to personal growth from applications for degree programs and other scholarships/fellowships. When selecting an experience to highlight in the second essay of the Boren Awards application, applicants should seek to demonstrate their adaptability, resilience, and/or maturity. Although no prior international experience is required for the Boren Awards, the essay should assure selection panelists that the applicant is prepared for the challenges inherent to long-term study and life in a foreign context.

Preference in selection for the Boren Awards will be given to applicants who demonstrate a longer-term commitment to government service than the one-year federal service requirement. It is therefore critical that Boren Awards applicants research career opportunities relevant to their academic interests in the federal government to inform their second essay.

Successful applicants make the case that they are qualified for federal employment with national security responsibilities by relating their relevant professional, academic, extracurricular, and volunteer experience to the duties required in their proposed federal career track. They also show that they understand the hiring processes and necessary qualifications for those positions; i.e. they should explain the short-, medium-, and long-term steps they will take to achieve their professional goals.

It is normal and acceptable for Boren Awards alumni to pursue advanced degrees necessary to their federal career plans prior to fulfilling the one-year federal service requirement. Internships, contract work, and volunteering during the pursuit of those degrees may receive full or partial service credit. Program alumni -- Boren Fellows in particular -- who are interested in pursuing careers in academia should explain how federal government service is integral to their long-term career plans. They should also research the myriad opportunities with federal agencies that require master’s or doctoral degrees, especially with the Department of Defense, Department of State, USAID, and the Intelligence Community. Many analyst, researcher, and instructor positions with the federal government are analogous to similar positions in academia.

ROTC cadets and midshipmen are already on track for federal careers, and will fulfill their commitment to the military and their Boren Awards service requirement concurrently. ROTC applicants for the Boren Scholarships should explain in clear, non-military-specific language how they intend to progress through their careers as officers and any subsequent federal careers they wish to seek. They should emphasize the opportunities they will have to make use of their knowledge of foreign languages and cultures acquired through their Boren Awards grant.

Veterans of the U.S. armed forces have demonstrated a strong commitment to public service and have a unique perspective on national security issues. They are encouraged to apply for Boren Awards, and selection preference will be given to veterans when other factors are equivalent.

Researching Federal Careers

Research on federal careers is critical to a competitive Boren Awards application. Departments and agencies of the federal government have websites devoted to promoting career opportunities to prospective applicants. These resources are written for the layperson and can provide Boren Awards applicants with much of the information they need for the second essay. The data below (derived from the latest NSEP annual report ) show the entities of the U.S. government where over 4,000 alumni of the National Security Education Program have fulfilled their required federal service. These include positions with the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government. Links to several of the careers pages of these agencies are embedded in the list below. Additional information on these careers and specific U.S. government programs and initiatives can be found through reputable media outlets and targeted web searches.

When discussing career plans in the second essay, a few additional considerations will help applicants convince selection panelists of their commitment to federal service:

• Focus on Priority Agencies: Any position with the four priority agencies -- the Department of Defense (civilian or military), the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of State (including USAID), or any element of the Intelligence Community -- will fulfill the Boren Awards service requirement. Other positions with the federal government may fulfill the federal service requirement, but must be approved on a case-by-case basis. Therefore, a career plan that includes consideration of the priority agencies will help to demonstrate the seriousness of an applicant’s commitment to public service.
• Consider the Odds: Many of the agencies listed below are quite small and specialized, and job openings there are seldom and highly competitive. Larger agencies will post more entry-level positions more often, and are therefore more realistic options to begin a career in public service. Applicants with highly-specialized career ambitions should consider how they may enter federal service, gain a security clearance, and build the experience necessary to achieve those goals.
• Location Matters: Boren Awards alumni work at locations around the United States and around the world. Many positions are based in one location, but some require frequent travel or even extended overseas postings/deployments. Although alumni may always redirect their career search later, applicants should consider whether they are willing and able to relocate as part of their career. The Washington, DC metro area will have the greatest range of possible employers. Applicants interested in staying near home should research the positions that exist in their local area. The Department of Defense, with its network of military installations, and the Department of Homeland Security, present at every border, airport, and seaport, will offer the greatest range of locations.
• Student Opportunities Count Too: When searching for post-graduate career opportunities, applicants should also check agency websites for professional fellowship and internship opportunities that they can pursue while still in school. (See for example this list of internship opportunities with the U.S. Intelligence Community .) Internships with federal agencies conducted after the period of Boren funded study may receive credit toward fulfillment of the service requirement. Many agencies also have programs that can pay for graduate degrees and provide follow-on employment opportunities.

Job Search Support for Boren Award Recipients

Since 1994, thousands of undergraduate and graduate students have been awarded Boren Scholarships and Fellowships that have launched their careers into the federal workforce. Boren Scholars and Fellows have highly sought-after linguistic and cultural knowledge, as well as subject-matter knowledge, enhanced by their experience overseas. The Boren Awards selection criteria emphasize the importance of commitment to public service because it is ultimately the responsibility of the NSEP award recipient to secure federal employment .

The Boren Awards, an initiative of the National Security Education Program (NSEP) , is invested in the professional success of its award recipients. Boren Scholars and Fellows receive numerous advantages in their federal job search, including:

• NSEP Service Team Support: NSEP has staff members (all former Borens) dedicated to assisting award recipients in identifying and securing national security-related positions in the federal government that take advantage of their linguistic and cultural knowledge, specialized experience, and academic credentials. This support includes resume reviews, career fairs, a mentorship program, and advocacy on behalf of Boren award recipients to human resources and hiring officials at U.S. government agencies.
• Government Job Listings: Boren award recipients gain access to NSEPnet, a special jobs site that includes hundreds of exclusive listings and featured positions in federal government agencies.
• Non-Competitive Eligibility: Until they fulfill the federal service requirement in full, Boren award recipients are eligible for non-competitive appointments to many federal positions. This allows Boren award recipients to circumvent the standard government hiring process.
• Federal Employment Seminar: NSEP hosts an annual Federal Employment Seminar for returned Boren award recipients. Over two days in Washington, DC, award recipients receive training on the federal hiring process and network with senior officials from dozens of federal agencies and contractors.
• Alumni Networking: NSEP does not endorse or sanction the activities of non-Federal organizations. Former award recipients have joined the Boren Forum which is an NSEP alumni association. The Boren Forum connects alumni worldwide through online forums and hosts career fairs, lectures, and networking events in the Washington, DC area.

Study Plan Summary

All Boren Awards-funded programs must include language study as a core element for the duration of the grant . More information on preferred languages and program structure may be found on the Selecting an Eligible Study Program section of the website.

All Boren Awards applicants will have a maximum of 250 words for each segment of their proposed overseas program, as well as alternate-overseas location programs to respond to the following prompts:

Boren Scholars: Describe the basic structure of your proposed Boren-funded program, with particular focus on language acquisition.

Boren Scholarships applicants should use this space to describe their plans for curricular and extracurricular language immersion, including hours per week of formal instruction.

Boren Fellows: Describe the basic structure of your proposed Boren-funded study, with particular focus on language acquisition.

Boren Fellowships applicants in traditional language programs should also describe curricular and extracurricular immersion. Program segments that involve language immersion as part of research, internships, or academic study should characterize how the language will be used, and whether supplemental language courses or tutoring will take place concurrently.

Employment History & Activities 

Applicants for all awards are encouraged to use the sections of the application on Employment History and Activities to list experiences in their past that have some relevance to their future academic or professional plans. In both of these sections, applicants will have the opportunity to list up to three jobs they have held and up to three extracurricular, non-work activities they have participated in, e.g. volunteer work, sports, clubs, conferences, etc. For each listed job or activity, applicants should describe in 50 to 100 words to describe the elements of it that reinforce the plans detailed in Essay # 2.

Abstract & Methodology  ( Boren Fellows Only)

Boren Fellowships are designed to give graduate students flexibility to pursue academic goals, including research related to their degrees, while abroad. The required language elements are described elsewhere, in the study plan summary section .

Only if they elect to include research as an element of their program proposals , Boren Fellowships applicants are encouraged to describe their research and its methodology in greater detail. These boxes are optional , but important to verifying the feasibility of the overseas study plan.

At the beginning of the essays section of the Boren Fellowships application, three boxes that they may use to describe their research:

• Research Abstract (300 words maximum)
• Research Methodology (300 words maximum) -- applicants should use this space to describe the institutional affiliations and/or official authorizations that will permit them to conduct their research

This section allows applicants to describe their research in more detail than is required in the first essay on national security or the second essay on public service . Information listed in this section of the application should complement, not contradict, those essays.

Letters of Recommendation

Letters of recommendation are an important element of Boren Awards applications. A well-selected recommender who understands an applicant’s proposed program can reassure selection panelists of their motivation, sincerity, and work ethic.

There are two types of letters of recommendation:

Language Proficiency Evaluation

This optional evaluation is part of the online application. It may be completed by a language instructor who can assess your level in the language you have chosen to study during your Boren-funded program. If you have not yet begun to study the proposed language, your application should not include the language proficiency form. The language professor should assess your language level based the LinguaFolio® Self-Assessment guide and will comment on:

• Interpretive Listening
• Interpretive Reading
• Interpersonal Person-to-Person Communication
• Presentations - Spoken Production
• Presentations - Written Production

Applications for the Boren Scholarships require two standard letters of recommendation. (A third letter of recommendation is optional.)

Applications for the Boren Fellowships require three standard letters of recommendation. If a proposing a research component to their overseas study, at least one letter of recommendation should be from a research advisor at their U.S. institution.

Recommenders should be people who know you well -- this is far more important than their rank within their university/organization. Recommenders may be academic contacts who can speak to your academic, linguistic, and personal preparation for your overseas study or future career, or professional contacts from a job or internship relevant to your future career plans. They should not be family or friends.

Here are a few additional tips to securing the strongest possible recommendations:

• Give the person adequate time to complete the letter. Recommenders who do not have ample time may neglect valuable details when writing the letter.
• Explain what the Boren Awards are and why you have decided to apply.
• Visit potential recommenders during office hours to discuss the award.
• Provide a resume or short biography along with drafts of your application essays.
• Send a friendly reminder about the competition to recommenders, if necessary, in order to ensure that letters are completed on time.

Recommendations must be submitted via the online application system. Recommenders are given the following prompts:

• How long and in what capacity have you known the applicant?
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Overview and key findings

Tracking cop28 progress.

• United States
• Latin America and the Caribbean
• European Union
• Middle East
• Japan and Korea
• Southeast Asia

Cite report

IEA (2024), World Energy Investment 2024 , IEA, Paris https://www.iea.org/reports/world-energy-investment-2024, Licence: CC BY 4.0

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The world now invests almost twice as much in clean energy as it does in fossil fuels…, global investment in clean energy and fossil fuels, 2015-2024, …but there are major imbalances in investment, and emerging market and developing economies (emde) outside china account for only around 15% of global clean energy spending, annual investment in clean energy by selected country and region, 2019 and 2024, investment in solar pv now surpasses all other generation technologies combined, global annual investment in solar pv and other generation technologies, 2021-2024, the integration of renewables and upgrades to existing infrastructure have sparked a recovery in spending on grids and storage, investment in power grids and storage by region 2017-2024, rising investments in clean energy push overall energy investment above usd 3 trillion for the first time.

Global energy investment is set to exceed USD 3 trillion for the first time in 2024, with USD 2 trillion going to clean energy technologies and infrastructure. Investment in clean energy has accelerated since 2020, and spending on renewable power, grids and storage is now higher than total spending on oil, gas, and coal.

As the era of cheap borrowing comes to an end, certain kinds of investment are being held back by higher financing costs. However, the impact on project economics has been partially offset by easing supply chain pressures and falling prices. Solar panel costs have decreased by 30% over the last two years, and prices for minerals and metals crucial for energy transitions have also sharply dropped, especially the metals required for batteries.

The annual World Energy Investment report has consistently warned of energy investment flow imbalances, particularly insufficient clean energy investments in EMDE outside China. There are tentative signs of a pick-up in these investments: in our assessment, clean energy investments are set to approach USD 320 billion in 2024, up by more 50% since 2020. This is similar to the growth seen in advanced economies (+50%), although trailing China (+75%). The gains primarily come from higher investments in renewable power, now representing half of all power sector investments in these economies. Progress in India, Brazil, parts of Southeast Asia and Africa reflects new policy initiatives, well-managed public tenders, and improved grid infrastructure. Africa’s clean energy investments in 2024, at over USD 40 billion, are nearly double those in 2020.

Yet much more needs to be done. In most cases, this growth comes from a very low base and many of the least-developed economies are being left behind (several face acute problems servicing high levels of debt). In 2024, the share of global clean energy investment in EMDE outside China is expected to remain around 15% of the total. Both in terms of volume and share, this is far below the amounts that are required to ensure full access to modern energy and to meet rising energy demand in a sustainable way.

Power sector investment in solar photovoltaic (PV) technology is projected to exceed USD 500 billion in 2024, surpassing all other generation sources combined. Though growth may moderate slightly in 2024 due to falling PV module prices, solar remains central to the power sector’s transformation. In 2023, each dollar invested in wind and solar PV yielded 2.5 times more energy output than a dollar spent on the same technologies a decade prior.

In 2015, the ratio of clean power to unabated fossil fuel power investments was roughly 2:1. In 2024, this ratio is set to reach 10:1. The rise in solar and wind deployment has driven wholesale prices down in some countries, occasionally below zero, particularly during peak periods of wind and solar generation. This lowers the potential for spot market earnings for producers and highlights the need for complementary investments in flexibility and storage capacity.

Investments in nuclear power are expected to pick up in 2024, with its share (9%) in clean power investments rising after two consecutive years of decline. Total investment in nuclear is projected to reach USD 80 billion in 2024, nearly double the 2018 level, which was the lowest point in a decade.

Grids have become a bottleneck for energy transitions, but investment is rising. After stagnating around USD 300 billion per year since 2015, spending is expected to hit USD 400 billion in 2024, driven by new policies and funding in Europe, the United States, China, and parts of Latin America. Advanced economies and China account for 80% of global grid spending. Investment in Latin America has almost doubled since 2021, notably in Colombia, Chile, and Brazil, where spending doubled in 2023 alone. However, investment remains worryingly low elsewhere.

Investments in battery storage are ramping up and are set to exceed USD 50 billion in 2024. But spending is highly concentrated. In 2023, for every dollar invested in battery storage in advanced economies and China, only one cent was invested in other EMDE.

Investment in energy efficiency and electrification in buildings and industry has been quite resilient, despite the economic headwinds. But most of the dynamism in the end-use sectors is coming from transport, where investment is set to reach new highs in 2024 (+8% compared to 2023), driven by strong electric vehicle (EV) sales.

The rise in clean energy spending is underpinned by emissions reduction goals, technological gains, energy security imperatives (particularly in the European Union), and an additional strategic element: major economies are deploying new industrial strategies to spur clean energy manufacturing and establish stronger market positions. Such policies can bring local benefits, although gaining a cost-competitive foothold in sectors with ample global capacity like solar PV can be challenging. Policy makers need to balance the costs and benefits of these programmes so that they increase the resilience of clean energy supply chains while maintaining gains from trade.

In the United States, investment in clean energy increases to an estimated more than USD 300 billion in 2024, 1.6 times the 2020 level and well ahead of the amount invested in fossil fuels. The European Union spends USD 370 billion on clean energy today, while China is set to spend almost USD 680 billion in 2024, supported by its large domestic market and rapid growth in the so-called “new three” industries: solar cells, lithium battery production and EV manufacturing.

Overall upstream oil and gas investment in 2024 is set to return to 2017 levels, but companies in the Middle East and Asia now account for a much larger share of the total

Change in upstream oil and gas investment by company type, 2017-2024, newly approved lng projects, led by the united states and qatar, bring a new wave of investment that could boost global lng export capacity by 50%, investment and cumulative capacity in lng liquefaction, 2015-2028, investment in fuel supply remains largely dominated by fossil fuels, although interest in low-emissions fuels is growing fast from a low base.

Upstream oil and gas investment is expected to increase by 7% in 2024 to reach USD 570 billion, following a 9% rise in 2023. This is being led by Middle East and Asian NOCs, which have increased their investments in oil and gas by over 50% since 2017, and which account for almost the entire rise in spending for 2023-2024.

Lower cost inflation means that the headline rise in spending results in an even larger rise in activity, by approximately 25% compared with 2022. Existing fields account for around 40% total oil and gas upstream investment, while another 33% goes to new fields and exploration. The remainder goes to tight oil and shale gas.

Most of the huge influx of cashflows to the oil and gas industry in 2022-2023 was either returned to shareholders, used to buy back shares or to pay down debt; these uses exceeded capital expenditure again in 2023. A surge in profits has also spurred a wave of mergers and acquisitions (M&A), especially among US shale companies, which represented 75% of M&A activity in 2023. Clean energy spending by oil and gas companies grew to around USD 30 billion in 2023 (of which just USD 1.5 billion was by NOCs), but this represents less than 4% of global capital investment on clean energy.

A significant wave of new investment is expected in LNG in the coming years as new liquefaction plants are built, primarily in the United States and Qatar. The concentration of projects looking to start operation in the second half of this decade could increase competition and raise costs for the limited number of specialised contractors in this area. For the moment, the prospect of ample gas supplies has not triggered a major reaction further down the value chain. The amount of new gas-fired power capacity being approved and coming online remains stable at around 50-60 GW per year.

Investment in coal has been rising steadily in recent years, and more than 50 GW of unabated coal-fired power generation was approved in 2023, the most since 2015, and almost all of this was in China.

Investment in low-emissions fuels is only 1.4% of the amount spent on fossil fuels (compared to about 0.5% a decade ago). There are some fast-growing areas. Investments in hydrogen electrolysers have risen to around USD 3 billion per year, although they remain constrained by uncertainty about demand and a lack of reliable offtakers. Investments in sustainable aviation fuels have reached USD 1 billion, while USD 800 million is going to direct air capture projects (a 140% increase from 2023). Some 20 commercial-scale carbon capture utilisation and storage (CCUS) projects in seven countries reached final investment decision (FID) in 2023; according to company announcements, another 110 capture facilities, transport and storage projects could do the same in 2024.

Energy investment decisions are primarily driven and financed by the private sector, but governments have essential direct and indirect roles in shaping capital flows

Sources of investment in the energy sector, average 2018-2023, sources of finance in the energy sector, average 2018-2023, households are emerging as important actors for consumer-facing clean energy investments, highlighting the importance of affordability and access to capital, change in energy investment volume by region and fuel category, 2016 versus 2023, market sentiment around sustainable finance is down from the high point in 2021, with lower levels of sustainable debt issuances and inflows into sustainable funds, sustainable debt issuances, 2020-2023, sustainable fund launches, 2020-2023, energy transitions are reshaping how energy investment decisions are made, and by whom.

This year’s World Energy Investment report contains new analysis on sources of investments and sources of finance, making a clear distinction between those making investment decisions (governments, often via state-owned enterprises (SOEs), private firms and households) and the institutions providing the capital (the public sector, commercial lenders, and development finance institutions) to finance these investments.

Overall, most investments in the energy sector are made by corporates, with firms accounting for the largest share of investments in both the fossil fuel and clean energy sectors. However, there are significant country-by-country variations: half of all energy investments in EMDE are made by governments or SOEs, compared with just 15% in advanced economies. Investments by state-owned enterprises come mainly from national oil companies, notably in the Middle East and Asia where they have risen substantially in recent years, and among some state-owned utilities. The financial sustainability, investment strategies and the ability for SOEs to attract private capital therefore become a central issue for secure and affordable transitions.

The share of total energy investments made or decided by private households (if not necessarily financed by them directly) has doubled from 9% in 2015 to 18% today, thanks to the combined growth in rooftop solar installations, investments in buildings efficiency and electric vehicle purchases. For the moment, these investments are mainly made by wealthier households – and well-designed policies are essential to making clean energy technologies more accessible to all . A comparison shows that households have contributed to more than 40% of the increase in investment in clean energy spending since 2016 – by far the largest share. It was particularly pronounced in advanced economies, where, because of strong policy support, households accounted for nearly 60% of the growth in energy investments.

Three quarters of global energy investments today are funded from private and commercial sources, and around 25% from public finance, and just 1% from national and international development finance institutions (DFIs).

Other financing options for energy transition have faced challenges and are focused on advanced economies. In 2023, sustainable debt issuances exceeded USD 1 trillion for the third consecutive year, but were still 25% below their 2021 peak, as rising coupon rates dampened issuers’ borrowing appetite. Market sentiment for sustainable finance is wavering, with flows to ESG funds decreasing in 2023, due to potential higher returns elsewhere and credibility concerns. Transition finance is emerging to mobilise capital for high-emitting sectors, but greater harmonisation and credible standards are required for these instruments to reach scale.

A secure and affordable transitioning away from fossil fuels requires a major rebalancing of investments

Investment change in 2023-2024, and additional average annual change in investment in the net zero scenario, 2023-2030, a doubling of investments to triple renewables capacity and a tripling of spending to double efficiency: a steep hill needs climbing to keep 1.5°c within reach, investments in renewables, grids and battery storage in the net zero emissions by 2050 scenario, historical versus 2030, investments in end-use sectors in the net zero emissions by 2050 scenario, historical versus 2030, meeting cop28 goals requires a doubling of clean energy investment by 2030 worldwide, and a quadrupling in emde outside china, investments in renewables, grids, batteries and end use in the net zero emissions by 2050 scenario, 2024 and 2030, mobilising additional, affordable financing is the key to a safer and more sustainable future, breakdown of dfi financing by instrument, currency, technology and region, average 2019-2022, much greater efforts are needed to get on track to meet energy & climate goals, including those agreed at cop28.

Today’s investment trends are not aligned with the levels necessary for the world to have a chance of limiting global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and to achieve the interim goals agreed at COP28. The current momentum behind renewable power is impressive, and if the current spending trend continues, it would cover approximately two-thirds of the total investment needed to triple renewable capacity by 2030. But an extra USD 500 billion per year is required in the IEA’s Net Zero Emissions by 2050 Scenario (NZE Scenario) to fill the gap completely (including spending for grids and battery storage). This equates to a doubling of current annual spending on renewable power generation, grids, and storage in 2030, in order to triple renewable capacity.

The goal of doubling the pace of energy efficiency improvement requires an even greater additional effort. While investment in the electrification of transport is relatively strong and brings important efficiency gains, investment in other efficiency measures – notably building retrofits – is well below where it needs to be: efficiency investments in buildings fell in 2023 and are expected to decline further in 2024. A tripling in the current annual rate of spending on efficiency and electrification – to about USD 1.9 trillion in 2030 – is needed to double the rate of energy efficiency improvements.

Anticipated oil and gas investment in 2024 is broadly in line with the level of investment required in 2030 in the Stated Policies Scenario, a scenario which sees oil and natural gas demand levelling off before 2030. However, global spare oil production capacity is already close to 6 million barrels per day (excluding Iran and Russia) and there is a shift expected in the coming years towards a buyers’ market for LNG. Against this backdrop, the risk of over-investment would be strong if the world moves swiftly to meet the net zero pledges and climate goals in the Announced Pledges Scenario (APS) and the NZE Scenario.

The NZE Scenario sees a major rebalancing of investments in fuel supply, away from fossil fuels and towards low-emissions fuels, such as bioenergy and low-emissions hydrogen, as well as CCUS. Achieving net zero emissions globally by 2050 would mean annual investment in oil, gas, and coal falls by more than half, from just over USD 1 trillion in 2024 to below USD 450 billion per year in 2030, while spending on low-emissions fuels increases tenfold, to about USD 200 billion in 2030 from just under USD 20 billion today.

The required increase in clean energy investments in the NZE Scenario is particularly steep in many emerging and developing economies. The cost of capital remains one of the largest barriers to investment in clean energy projects and infrastructure in many EMDE, with financing costs at least twice as high as in advanced economies as well as China. Macroeconomic and country-specific factors are the major contributors to the high cost of capital for clean energy projects, but so, too, are risks specific to the energy sector. Alongside actions by national policy makers, enhanced support from DFIs can play a major role in lowering financing costs and bringing in much larger volumes of private capital.

Targeted concessional support is particularly important for the least-developed countries that will otherwise struggle to access adequate capital. Our analysis shows cumulative financing for energy projects by DFIs was USD 470 billion between 2013 and 2021, with China-based DFIs accounting for slightly over half of the total. There was a significant reduction in financing for fossil fuel projects over this period, largely because of reduced Chinese support. However, this was not accompanied by a surge in support for clean energy projects. DFI support was provided almost exclusively (more than 90%) as debt (not all concessional) with only about 3% reported as equity financing and about 6% as grants. This debt was provided in hard currency or in the currency of donors, with almost no local-currency financing being reported.

The lack of local-currency lending pushes up borrowing costs and in many cases is the primary reason behind the much higher cost of capital in EMDE compared to advanced economies. High hedging costs often make this financing unaffordable to many of the least-developed countries and raises questions of debt sustainability. More attention is needed from DFIs to focus interventions on project de-risking that can mobilise much higher multiples of private capital.

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