youth center architecture thesis pdf

FUNDAMENTAL, DESIGN OF A YOUTH CENTER THROUGH APPEALING ARCHITECTURE OF OPERATIVE SURFACES

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• Developmental Psychology

Contributions of Youth Centers to the Development of Young People in Ethiopia

• December 2020
• Ethiopian Journal of the Social Sciences and Humanities 16(2):29
• CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

• Addis Ababa University

• This person is not on ResearchGate, or hasn't claimed this research yet.

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ORPHAN: Residential Educational Cultural Center for Orphaned Youth

orphanage cum oldage home

Related Papers

Pacific Historical Review

Marta Gutman

In architecture, the spaces within and outside the building must follow a particular way of arrangement commonly called spatial organization. This describes the building pattern through space. It is the process of arranging different elements in space (Pascal, 2011). The identity of any architectural precedent, is the proper definition of space to suit the users of that given space, that is, the different building typologies: institutional, industrial, housing among others … are designed specifically to suite the demands of it users. Furthermore, facilities like hospitals are meant to give spaces that are conductive for patients and staff, office building for staff of the organization, hotels for customers and staff of the hotel, schools for pupils and teachers , and orphanages to for children and staff of orphanages, this goes on and on. The architectural environments are read by their users, and therefore should reflect the institution's particular identity and values, thus, space found act as a mirror that reflect the ideas, attitude and culture of the institution (Hoffman and Erlandson, 2005) Sa’id (2008) suggests that Children’s physical movement, cognitive scanning, and social transaction in space are directly influenced by the spatial and properties of their built environment. Sebba (1994) "children physical participation with the architectural features and the environment intend to satisfy, and the experience to stay in their memory”. However, memory is a derivative of place attachment where positive emotions are have generate effective opportunities for engagement, discovery, creativity, revelation and adventure surprise, in that event, experiencing the environment is an essential, critical and irreplaceable dimension in the growth and functioning of children (Sa’id 2008, p3). Suetyuan (2003) noted that children need different spaces to express themselves, as they are more concern about their surroundings at the growing stage. Therefore, the design for children spaces must conform to their physical, social and cognitive development. Physical functioning is the motoric actions such as fluid rolling, jumping, tumbling, running, skipping; physical development is the pattern of bodily growth and maturation of children interacting with indoor, outdoor spaces and their features. Cognitive development examines systematic exchanges in children's reasoning, concept, memory and language. Social functioning includes the interaction of children with peers and adult, explores the changes in their feeling, ways of coping relationship with peers (Eldridge, 2003). Considering the aforementioned, before creating spaces for children; there is a challenge in provision of stable environment for children that avoids the institutional upbringing approach (Subbarao, 2001). However, this thesis examines the spatial organization and architectural design elements of some existing orphanage facilities in the north-central Nigeria. Nowadays, orphanages lack stimulation and experiences. Children may not have much interaction within the orphanage, which may make new experiences stressful, also, lack of visual sensory input for their environment can lead to a diagnosis of cognitive delay (Eldridge, 2003). The residential institution devoted to the care of orphan-children whose parent are deceased or otherwise unwilling to care for them called 'orphanage'(FMWA & SD, 2007) should intercede for the desires of these children. In furtherance, to enable architects in re-conceptualizing the design of orphanage, this study intends to capture the spatial structure and the architectural elements of orphanages from the time of emergence to present day. To do so, this study examines critically the term ‘spatial configuration with its constituent’, ‘architectural design element plus principles’, documentation on spatial configuration and the architectural design element of orphanages, ‘framework approach with space syntax technique’, and the ‘psychology, sociology and architecture’ amalgamation of disciplines. In view of this, through architecture, the environment may be shaped in order to become 'home' for these children to help them grow without exhibiting problems associated with the various institutional care system for orphans (Agathokleous, 2011). Freundlinch (2004) stresses that orphanages hold a well-organized place in the history of caring for children, unfortunately, very little is known about the quality of orphanages. Nigeria research situation analysis on orphans and vulnerable children (2009) indicates an official figure estimate of 17.5 million orphans and vulnerable children, although, practitioners in the field believe this figure could be underestimating the size and scope of the problem. Shelter is important for orphaned children to meet their developmental needs, top equip them with knowledge and skills required for independent life in the community, to help them retain sense of belonging and identity, and to help them benefit from the continuous support of network within that community (NELA, 2008). This thesis aims at aiding in emergence of a new architectural design framework that supports formation of an ideal environment for the swelling number of orphans across Nigeria.

Sustainable Design Unit

“Most of us are lucky enough to spend our childhood at home. Many remember those years warmly. And even those of us with decidedly fierce memories about growing up still usually manage to gradate to reasonable productive adult lives.” McKenzie, R., B., 2009, “Home Away From Home: The Forgotten History of Orphanages”, Encounter Books, United Stated of America. Within a family there are good but also bad moments, and even if one had the opportunity to relive their childhood, again would not have change a thing because family support is a significant component for a human. This thesis is centered on children, who do not have the good fortune of having a family member caring for them. Hundreds thousands of children all over the world are growing up under dreadful conditions. Most of the time they are children that have lost one or even both of their parents and in some cases the children have been neglected, physically or psychologically, abused by their parents or their legal guardians. The objective of this thesis is to question how architecture can affect the life of an orphan by creating better living conditions for them until they find a permanent home. Through architecture the environment would be shaped in order to become a ‘home’ for these children, that helps them to grow up without the problems that are normally associated with various institutions, such as orphanages, and focus on elements that are important for the child development. With the intention of investigating the perfect milieu for children there are some parameters that should be taken in account. Three of those parameters are, domesticity, playing and day-dreaming, which play an important role in the mental and physical development of a child. As a result of observing different orphanages, such as the SOS Children Villages, the Amsterdam Orphanage, and other kinds of children’s centers, positive as well negative outcomes will be subtracted that will help in the development of an ideal orphanage.

Yusuf Yusuf

Insurgency in north eastern Nigeria have produce hundreds of Thousands of orphans who have no place to call home and few number of orphanages exist in the region which are not enough to cater for their needs. Also previous works on orphanage designs lack the required provision of incorporating culture and traditional family setting in design of the facility which serve as a means of connecting the orphans with their cultural and social environment. This research work is built on the subject of integrating critical regionalism features in orphanage design. Critical regionalism offers a better methodology towards providing condition of authenticity in which a new architecture can be consciously originated out of the traditional architectural characteristics of a particular region in order to withstand the domination of modernism. The argument draws its background to the study of relevant literature. Reviews on the writings of prominent critical regionalist architects and theorists aided in the culminating of a set of features on which variables (directly related to the subject of critical regionalism) evolved. The features such as, ‘A preference for regional intentions over normative optimization’, ‘A consciously bounded architecture’, ‘More than scenographic episodes or sentimental historicism’, ‘A response to local conditions and climate’ and ‘Tactility’ were explored and their importance in design was extensively analysed. Four Case studies, two local two foreign were conducted and analysed to determine the level of reflection of critical regionalism using general variables with emphases on the features of critical regionalism. The local cases studies are ‘safe our soul’ (SOS) orphans children village Jos and Gwagwalada orphans’ village Abuja. While the foreign cases studies are SOS Aqaba Jordan and Pondicherry orphanage India. From the cases studied, it shows that the level of reflection of critical regionalism features in all the selected cases depend on the location of the facility. The foreign case studies Showed highest level of reflection of critical regionalism features with average of 28.64% and 27.16% in heir design while the local case studies showed least level of reflection with average of 22.26% and 21.29% in their design. The study indicate the appropriateness of designing orphanages in traditional family setting that promotes child development through the integration of critical Regionalism features. Thus seek to provide orphans a home with family were they can develop and become accustom to natural family and social structure of which they have been deprived of for any number of reasons.

Rasika Ayarkar

Allison Amin Gayapersad

Background The negative impact of institutionalization on children's development and well-being has led to a global recommendation for deinstitutionalization. In countries with weak infrastructure and family support, some children in institutional care have been found to have better outcomes, which may be due in part to the family-like environments created by some Charitable Children's Institutions (CCIs). Objective The goal was to examine whether and how alternative kinship structures were reproduced in CCIs. Method Qualitative data from 22 caregivers and 30 orphaned or separated children and adolescents (OSCAs) were collected using participant observation and in-depth interviews, and analysed using a symbolic interactionist theoretical framework. Results Social interaction with caregivers contributed meaning towards the definition of family within some CCIs, particularly those modeled after a village and/or a single family. These CCIs created a family-like care environment, resulting in OSCAs redefining the traditional concept of family based on consanguinity to one composed of non-kin providing care and support. Social interaction through family-related activities produced novel famil-ial identities, and some OSCAs felt they were part of a quasi-family. However, OSCAs lacked autonomy, feared consequences of not following the rules of behaviour, and felt re-traumatized and re-abandoned when they exited the CCIs at age 18. Conclusion Some CCIs created an "alternative" kinship structure in which most children focused on their education, were provided with basic needs, and formed long-term positive relationships. Despite a number of challenges, family-like CCIs may be a supportive last resort for children without kin to care for them.

Godfrey Biemba

Leigh-Anne Gillespie

During conflicts and crises, children often face multiple stressors that can have significant impacts on their physical, cognitive, social and emotional development. Because unaccompanied and separated children (UASC) have lost the care and protection of their primary caregivers, they face a heightened risk of abuse, neglect, exploitation and violence. As a result, programming for UASC cases is often prioritized in the context of humanitarian interventions. But what is the impact of protection interventions on UASC in humanitarian crises in low and middle income countries? How effective are child protection activities specific to UASC at restoring a protective environment? How effective are interventions aimed at preventing and responding to abuse, exploitation, violence and neglect at ensuring the safety of UASC? How effective are mental health and psychosocial support interventions in promoting the mental health and psychosocial well-being of UASC? This systematic review synthesizes and evaluates the existing evidence base in order to find a response.

Getrude Gwenzi, PhD

Young people leaving care have been the subject of international research in the last decade, whilst in Africa studies are still few. The ability of young people to transition successfully from institutional care to independent living in society has become a policy concern which includes recommendations to treat institutional care as a last resort or looking for alternatives other than the institution for placement. This is because of the documented poor outcomes of care leavers internationally and in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study explored the factors influencing the transition from care to independence in Harare, Zimbabwe. Utilising qualitative research methods and thematic analysis, the study identified a number of factors that affect young people from the view of social service professionals and residential care workers. Respondents were purposively selected and data was collected using semi-structured interviews, an online focus group and the use of observation. In Zimbabwe, the social service system has been affected since 2008, by the economic crisis and the effects of poverty and hardship has trickled down to affect the most vulnerable children and young people. The study found a number of factors which influence young people’s transitions from care in Harare. Among these were the young person’s previous circumstances, the role of the Department of Social Services, the role of the institution and the expectation of instant adulthood. Other contributing factors such as the capabilities of the young person and relationships with caregivers were mentioned by the respondents. The study made recommendations for more successful transitions from institutional care which include; recognising that care leavers are not a homogenous group and the need for improved knowledge of care leaver outcomes and transition processes for residential caregivers. Key words: care leavers, institution, independence, mainstream society, social services, transitions, residential care, young people.

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