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47 Best Coding Websites of 2023 (for All Skill Levels)

Knowing the best coding websites is important to maximize learning and streamline the coding progress.

More importantly, if you are a beginner, you need to know where to get started at. There are great websites for both beginner coders as well as professional developers.

Whether you’re looking to start programming from scratch or to sharpen your skill set, you’ve come to the right place.

This is a comprehensive guide to the best coding websites. You will learn about websites where you can learn coding from scratch, find helpful communities, get visual introductions to coding, and even version your code projects.

The websites in this article focus on coding tutorials, courses, online editors, versioning, and more. You will find general programming websites as well as language-specific sites.

Anyway, I hope you enjoy the list.

Disclaimer : This post contains  affiliate links  to products I use and recommend. I may receive a small commission if you make a purchase through one of my links, at no additional cost to you.

1. COURSERA

Coursera is one of the best online learning platforms out there. All the courses on Coursera are accessible for free.

After completing a course, you can optionally purchase a certification to prove your work. Also, purchasing a certificate unlocks additional material that would otherwise be locked.

Coursera is a great place to start learning to code.

The courses are built around in-demand programming skills, such as:

• Data Science
• Artificial intelligence
• Machine learning
• iOS development
• Android development

Professors teach these high-level courses from popular universities, such as Stanford.

Udemy is a really popular online earning platform for all kinds of coders varying from beginners to more experienced ones.

It comes with a bunch of programming and software development courses that you can try out at no cost.

There are literally thousands of programming courses you can enroll in.

You can learn languages like:

• Swift (iOS)

And a lot more.

Here is a more in-depth look at the best Swift courses on Udemy .

Due to the sheer volume of the courses, you should always make sure the ratings and reviews are in place before starting one.

When you are choosing a course on Udemy, please consider these factors:

• Course popularity. Try to pick a course with a big number of students.
• Rating. Aim for 5-star courses.
• Instructor. Have a look at a bunch of introductory videos before enrolling in the course. Make sure you like the instructor’s way of teaching before starting.
• Read reviews. No matter what you do, it is always a good idea to read a bunch of reviews. This applies to Udemy courses too.

3. PLURALSIGHT

P luralsight is among the best tech learning platforms out there.

Each skill is taught as a learning path from start to finish. The idea is you focus on one path at a time and learn everything in the correct order.

There is a number of learning paths you can choose from, including:

• HTML and CSS
• iOS Development

As you might guess, programming languages are updated all the time.

Unless the courses are updated regularly, they fall out of date pretty quickly. This is handled really well on Pluralsight. They keep their course materials and contents as fresh as possible.

By the way, if you do not like investing in these world-class programming courses yet, feel free to try their 10-day free trial.

Also, there are lots of other great alternatives on this list!

Udacity is an online learning platform like no other. Their north star is to prepare students for the programming careers of the future.

A part of the beginner-level courses on the platform is free. This is wonderful if you are not ready to invest in learning.

The Udacity learning programs are called Nanodegrees. As the name suggests, the nano degrees are like little degrees you get for each topic you learn.

For each nanodegree you complete, you get a certificate.

Udacity offers 200+ courses on a variety of skills of the future, such as:

• Data Science & Machine Learning

These courses are put together by the industry leaders such as AWS, Google, IBM, and Facebook.

Each Udacity course consists of:

• Video lectures
• Exercises and quizzes
• Assignments

Its intuitive and user-friendly interface makes navigating the site faster and learning programming easier for you.

5. CODECADEMY

Codeacademy is one of the most popular programming course platforms out there. It comes with a huge selection of free resources you can use to become a self-taught developer.

The course catalog focuses on a variety of different areas in software development, including:

• Web software development
• Mobile development
• Game development
• Data science & Machine learning (ML)
• Artificial Intelligence (AI)

And so much more.

You can try out these courses for free. If you find them useful, you can sign up for a paid plan to unlock more premium content.

If you are completely new to programming, I suggest you get started with one of their Python modules . Python is a beginner-friendly language that is easy to get started with.

Anyway, let’s continue with the list as there is a lot more to be covered.

6. FREECODECAMP

If you want to become a self-taught developer online, look no further. As the name suggests, all the courses on FreeCodeCamp are 100% free!

If you are one of those who think learning coding should be free, then FreeCodeCamp is an awesome option for you.

FreeCodeCamp comes with almost 10,000 free tutorials about the most popular areas in software development, such as Python, JavaScript, and so on.

Perhaps the most amazing feature of freeCodeCamp is the amazing and supportive community that is behind you all the time.

FreeCodeCamp is also active on social media, such as Facebook and LinkedIn, so make sure you follow their social media game too!

7. KHANACADEMY

Khan Academy is an awesome resource for learning to code online.

Khan Academy is a good place to get started because the courses are free.

Khan Academy is a non-profit organization whose goal is to offer world-class education to everyone and everywhere.

To access the course materials, you do not even need to create an account on the website.

However, if you create an account, you can follow your progress, which can be fun and useful!

Khan Academy adds a little gamification to your learning process. If you are someone who likes to gamify your learning process, the Khan Academy is definitely a great resource for you!

You can find tutorials on high-demand skills such as:

• HTML & CSS

By the way, if you are looking for a resource to learn skills other than programming, Khan Academy is a wonderful option. You can learn maths, history, biology, and pretty much anything on their site.

Edx gives you access to college-level courses from the best institutes around the world. It is a platform for serious learning!

edX is good for someone who already knows what they want to learn when it comes to software development and coding.

The edX platform was founded back in 2012 by Harvard and MIT.

At this level, the courses require lots of effort. If you do not put in the work, you can find yourself struggling! So if college-level courses sound scary, I promise they are not. You just have to put in the effort.

Anyway, you can follow the courses at your own pace and do not have to keep a tight schedule to complete one.

The edX course materials are free.

However, the graded assignments + course certifications are not free.

If you are serious about learning how to code, then the edX college-level courses are definitely for you.

9. ONEMONTH

OneMonth is a wonderful online learning platform for someone who wants to learn programming and software development skills quickly.

They promise you can learn coding in less than 30 days, which is an awesome value proposition!

OneMonth courses are around high-demand coding skills, such as:

• CSS & HTML

In addition to these, there are lots of other useful courses, such as WordPress, Goal Setting, Project Management, and much more.

OneMonth courses are best for someone who is just getting started with coding.

The courses are split nicely such that there are daily chunks to complete. As one month passes, these small chunks add up to making you a competent self-taught programmer.

If you are an intermediate/advanced programmer already, then one month is not the best website for you to learn more about.

10. THE ODIN PROJECT

The Odin Project kickstarts your career as a web developer. It is a beginner-friendly platform for learning web development from absolute scratch.

The learning is based on building useful projects along the way. You can then add these projects to your portfolio, which is important for every developer.

A well-built programming portfolio is something you can showcase to your recruiters to show your passion for programming.

The goal of the Odin Project is to prepare for a career as a web developer.

However, if you already know web development is not your thing, then you should consider some other platform. This is because the Odin Project is heavily focused on web development.

11. CODEAVENGERS

Cod e avengers is a great teaching tool to learn how to build:

The content on CourseAvengers is paid. But it really makes sense to invest in quality content to maximize learning. If you are not interested in paid content, feel free to pick a free resource from this list.

If you are a beginner, you can find courses on popular programming languages that are valuable in the job market. These include:

You can expect to complete these courses in 1-3 months. After completing these courses, you can choose a career path to participate in. These tracks can take up to 6 months to complete.

So if you are a beginner, expect to go from zero to hero in 7-10 months!

By the way, if you have decided it’s time to learn JavaScript, make sure to check my tips for learning JavaScript quickly .

12. TEAM TREEHOUSE

Team TreeHouse is a project-oriented e-learning platform for programming and software development.

They teach topics including:

• Web development
• WordPress (websites)

Team TreeHouse has paid content. However, if you are not sure whether you want to pay for it, give it a try for free for 7 days!

After completing courses on Team TreeHouse, you have a great-looking programming portfolio with a bunch of different projects that help you get a job as a software developer.

13. CODEWARS

Codewars is a gamified e-learning platform for programming and software development.

If you are someone who wants to learn programming in a gamified way, this platform is for you.

However, the platform is not the most beginner-friendly. If you are a complete beginner, then perhaps this platform is not the best for you.

But after you have gained some experience, CodeWars is definitely something you should try!

Learning to code on this platform is free, and the courses are community-driven.

Codewars supports learning nearly 30 core languages and 26 beta languages.

Each programming project presented on the platform is a coding challenge, called “kata”. The more you complete the challenges the higher your rank.

On Codewars, you can even compare your own solutions with other coders’ solutions. This is a great learning opportunity for you.

14. ENVATOTUTS+

Envatotuts+ is a platform where you can useful programming and software development skills, including:

Also, if you are interested in graphic design and illustration, then this platform is for you!

Envatotuts+ consists of thousands of free tutorials for both beginner-level learners as well as more advanced coders.

Once you fall in love with the platform, you can optionally choose a paid plan to access world-class premium content, like courses, eBooks, and so on.

15. SITEPOINT

Sitepoint is a web development-focused eLearning platform.

Their courses focus on web development skills, that is:

A great place to get started with Sitepoint is by reading their blog (for free). The blog posts cover a variety of relevant topics in a beginner-friendly manner.

The blog content is produced by experienced developers and other industry leaders.

Sitepoint also offers 400+ books and courses in their premium plan.

Also, you can track your progress using the activity dashboard.

16. SOLOLEARN

Sololearn is an eLearning platform with 100% free content.

If you do not want to invest in programming courses, start with Sololearn.

Sololearn teaches you valuable skills in relevant topics around software development and programming. Some skills you can learn on Sololearn are:

If you are interested in something else than web development, they also cover:

• Swift (iOS development)
• C# (game development)
• Ruby (Backend development)

And much more.

Sololearn is not just a website. It is a community built around the most in-demand skills in software development.

The Q&A forums offer you help whenever you feel like being stuck. You can search for existing answers or connect with other students on the platform while acing through the material.

17. MEDIUM.COM

Medium is the most popular blogging platform with hundreds of millions of monthly visits.

Medium has a lot of programming and software development-focused areas, where you find thousands of well-thought articles and tips from the key players in the industry.

Medium is a really useful resource for programmers.

Their content has a paywall, which means you can view 5 stories per month.

However, the content is mostly not for beginners. Instead, you usually find intermediate/advanced concepts that are covered really well by industry leaders and experts in the field.

I have personally written over 150+ coding tutorials on Medium.com ! Make sure you check them out 😉

Some of the Medium-based software development spaces you may already have heard before:

• Towards Data Science
• Better Programming
• JavaScript in Plain English

Medium is not just a programming platform. It is a blogging platform with a great community.

On Medium, authors from all walks of life share their thoughts about their careers, hobbies, and life in general.

So even if you are not into coding, you should still give it a try! Also, if you want to become an author yourself, Medium is probably the best place to get started.

18. CODE.ORG

Code.org is a beginner and child-friendly coding platform.

It is a non-profit organization that offers free programming resources for everyone.

This platform is really child-friendly, but it really suits people of any age. Do not be embarrassed to use the platform as an adult. Learning coding basics takes time no matter how you do it. It can be fun to get the first touch by learning from the kids’ platform.

Code.org’s visual approach to learning makes learning programming fun, easy, and intuitive for everyone.

19. W3SCHOOLS

W3Schools is an online learning website you probably have already heard about before.

It is an old but gold resource for developers at any level.

All the content on W3Schools is free.

W3Schools is perhaps best known for web development, that is CSS, HTML, and JavaScript-focused tutorials.

However, you can find tutorials on almost everything.

A really cool feature of W3Schools is interactivity. You can write and execute code directly on the website.

Anyway, you can use W3school tutorials to build real projects, such as a website, that you can add to your portfolio.

20. CODERBYTE

Coderbyte offers you a bunch of beginner-friendly tutorials and courses about in-demand programming languages, such as:

Coderbyte also has a bunch of practical coding challenges you can complete. These include challenges like:

• Finding an intersection.
• Finding the longest word.
• Username validation

However, the downside of Coderbyte is the somewhat high pricing. If you are not ready to invest in learning, then this platform is probably not the best option for you. In that case, I recommend looking for 100% free options in this list.

Edabit is an eLearning platform that teaches complete beginners how to get started with popular and in-demand programming languages, such as:

The courses, challenges, and tutorials are 100% free.

Edabit has two main focuses:

• Beginner-level tutorials
• Coding challenges

Also, Edabit has interactive tutorials for Python and JavaScript, which means you can execute code directly on their site.

If you are a beginner in programming and do not want to invest money in learning, Edabit is a great way to get started.

22. SCRATCH 2.0

Scratch 2.0 is a visual and playful way to get started with programming. Instead of writing code, you are offered blocks each of which has a function.

The idea is you arrange these blocks in logical groups to make a program work.

Scratch teaches the basic principles of programming in a visual and intuitive way. It is a good place for anyone at any age to get started as a programmer.

However, I highly suggest moving on to actual programming pretty quickly after using Scratch. This is because programming is not all about dragging blocks to make an orange cat say something.

Thus, if you really want to learn to program, you need to find something else on this list. But if you want to get a visual introduction and some hands-on experience in programming, Scratch is a funny way to get started.

Bento is an online learning platform where you can learn different in-demand programming skills focused on web development.

The skills you can learn on Bento include web development skills, including:

On Bento, there is a free plan that teaches you web development. The plan consists of different tracks. Each track consists of tutorials.

The idea is you start from the basics of the web starting from how the internet works. Then you start learning different skills to learn how to develop for the web.

You can easily get started with Bento as a beginner. If you are a more experienced web developer, you can skip the basics of the track.

The platform is free, but you need to sign up.

24. AFTER HOURS PROGRAMMING

After Hours Programming is a collection of web development-focused tutorials that cover topics such as:

Their content is 100% free.

After Hours Programming is not just a platform that teaches how to write code. Instead, you learn what it really takes to build web software.

When you use a browser and search for websites, you do not get to feel all the work that is put behind the website.

Modern web development companies can have dozens or hundreds of developers each focusing on a very specific skill. These developers write code that seamlessly integrates with the code written by others.

This is an intricate and complex process that does not happen automatically.

Also, websites are much more than just nice pages with some HTML and CSS.

Web development involves so many other things, such as:

• Backend development (SQL, PHP, JavaScript)
• Graphic design.
• Information architecture.

If you want to learn what it takes to build web software, check After Hours Programming.

25. UPSKILL

Upskill is a top-notch learning platform with free coding courses for in-demand skills, for example:

• JavaScript & jQuery
• Ruby on Rails

Learning to code is like learning how to speak a language. You have to learn how to speak to really learn the language. This is no different when it comes to learning programming languages.

This is where Upskill courses shine.

Everything is project-based. In other words, you get hands-on experience with your skills right away.

This is also good because you always want to work on real-life problems when learning how to code. You can then add these projects to your portfolio and showcase them to your recruiters.

26. BITDEGREE

BitDegree is a great online resource for learning to program for free.

Here you find well-thought courses on various programming languages, including:

Of course, you can learn the trendy and high-demand skills in data science, and game development.

Some of the courses have certifications you can grab after completing the course.

On BitDegree, there are two types of courses:

• Interactive BitDegree courses where a participant can run and test their code on BitDegree’s editor.
• Video lessons taught by experts in the field. These courses usually contain quizzes, and other exercises to support learning.

27. DASH BY GENERAL ASSEMBLY

Dash is an online learning platform developed by General Assembly. It is a web development-focused website, where you can learn web development skills:

On Dash, you learn to code for free by creating interactive projects directly into their web code editor.

If you are a beginner with no experience in coding, you can easily get started on Dash.

Dash also has a Facebook group where you can ask for assistance.

28. CODECONQUEST

CodeConquest is a perfect place to get started as a programmer. It is an eLearning platform that teaches you how to write code in multiple languages, such as:

The free online courses offer you a number of useful resources to become a pro coder.

You learn everything you need, starting from how to master a new programming language to starting a new project or finding a mentor.

CodeConquest also publishes programming training reviews and recommendations if you need more resources to progress.

29. MIT OPENCOURSEWARE

MIT OpenCourseWare offers you free access to undergraduate and graduate-level courses from MIT.

These courses are of the highest quality and taught by experts in the field of computer science.

If you are a complete beginner at programming, this is a good place to start learning how to write code. I recommend checking Introductory to Programming Courses as the first touch to programming.

In this course, you learn about the fundamentals of programming and software development. Also, you learn the basics of commonly used programming languages such as:

The MIT OpenCourseWare learning materials come in many forms:

• Self-assessment

Notice that the MIT OpenCourseWare does not offer certifications/degrees!

30. HACKR.IO

Hackr.io features the best programming courses and tutorials in the most in-demand programming languages. The courses are voted for by the massive community of developers, so there are no misses on the list.

You can learn useful coding skills of the future, such as:

Some of the courses are free and some are not. To only view the free ones, use a filter that shows free courses only!

A really great feature of Hackr.io is the hackr.io roadmaps. These are learning paths recommended by the developer community.

In addition to all this, hackr.io has a popular blog full of well-written and well-thought how-to tutorials.

Whether you are a seasoned developer or just getting started, and regardless of how much you are ready to invest in courses, hackr.io is the way to go.

I know this is not an ordered list, but if it was, hackr.io would be close to the top ;).

31. CODEASY

Codeasy is a C# focused online learning platform.

The introductory-level course is freely available to anyone. However, to proceed to the beginner, intermediate, or advanced materials, you need to purchase tokens.

It is a great learning resource for someone who is interested in learning C#, the language of game development.

The learning path is adventurous. The narrative is to save the world from a machine invasion.

Each chapter in the story will teach you fundamentals or fundamentals related to C#.

If you are stuck, you can use their Slack group to communicate with fellow coders.

You can also compare your answers with the other coders’ answers. This is a great learning opportunity for you as you can see alternative approaches to solving common problems.

If you want to learn to program it does not really matter what language you choose.

However, if you know you are not into C# and game development, then this website is not the best for you. Otherwise, I highly recommend you give it a try.

32. MDNWEBDOCS

The MDN Web Docs are pieces of online documentation that support learning web development skills.

This documentation is powered by Firefox and is completely free.

The MDN Web Docs are there to help beginners to learn web development, such as:

• How a website works
• How to use markup languages HTML & CSS
• How to learn to program in JavaScript

But the site is also good for the experienced.

You can use the web tech references that come with MDN docs. There’s also a guide to using the Firefox developer tools to inspect and test the web code using the browser.

If you are interested in web development, you can find the MDN Web Docs useful in many ways.

33. CODEGYM

CodeGym is an online course for Java development.

CodeGym acknowledges that learning to code is not about writing books and theory. Instead, it is all about getting your hands dirty with coding exercises. This is why they have designed the course to only contain 20% theory and 80% of writing code. The course consists of 1200 Java tasks.

The CodeGym course consists of different levels. Once you have completed most of the tasks at a specific level, you are ready to level up to more difficult problems.

This is a great way to learn to program.

However, if you know you already know you are not interested in Java, then perhaps pick another resource from this list.

34. GEEKSFORGEEKS

GeeksForGeeks is a popular online platform for learning to code.

On GeeksForGeeks, you can learn almost anything related to programming.

Better yet, the content is 100% free.

 GeeksForGeeks has well-written, concise, and clearly explained computer science and programming articles, quizzes, and much more.

You find content on specific topics and concepts and almost never get disappointed.

If you search for a specific programming topic, there is a great chance someone has covered it in GeeksForGeeks in the recent past. This means you always get up-to-date information.

On GeeksForGeeks, you can learn a number of different programming languages, such as:

You can also use this site to learn about competitive programming and to participate in various events.

35. HACKERNOON

HackerNoon is a really popular online learning platform. It has a massive online community of 13,000+ contributors that write articles on various topics related to software development and programming.

You can find world-class tutorials about:

• Programming tutorials
• Entrepreneurship
• Career paths

Also, you can find recommendations for programming courses worth completing.

When it comes to visiting HackerNoon, it does not really matter whether you are a beginner or an advanced developer.

36. CODEMENTOR

Codementor brings mentors and learners together.

One of the greatest ways to learn to code is by having a 1-1 with a mentor.

But it is really difficult to find one.

This is where the Codementor enters the chat. They offer you a platform where you can easily find a mentor to help you with your career as a software developer.

If you have a software development project and run into issues, you can go to Codementor and find someone to help you out.

Or if you are overwhelmed by the sheer amount of languages or problems when getting started, you can hire a mentor.

Of course, this service is not free, but it can sometimes be crucial to find someone who knows what they are doing.

If you are up for a more traditional approach to learning or if you are not ready to spend a penny on learning, this is not the right option for you.

37. LEARN BY GOOGLE DEVELOPERS

Learn by Google Developers is an intermediate/advanced level programmer’s friend. It is a platform for someone who already knows how to code but wishes to improve their skills.

The main goal of the platform is to help you integrate Google’s tech & services into your projects.

In Learn, there are three different learning packages you can choose from:

• Pathways . Well-structured learning paths that help you achieve your goals.
• Topics . Well-thought and well-written materials that teach you more about a specific topic.
• Codelabs. Guided programming tutorials/exercises. The goal is to create small applications and improve existing ones.

If you are interested in Google development and Google’s services, then Learn is a good platform for you.

However, if you are a beginner feel free to pick something else from this list.

38. YOUTUBE

Youtube is a perfect place to get started as a software developer or programmer. Actually, it fits every skill level, because there are so many tutorials and great channels you can follow for 100% free.

On Youtube, you literally can find tutorials and courses about anything related to coding:

Just to name a few ideas for you to search for.

Speaking of learning by watching videos do not make the mistake of only watching videos! To learn to code, you have to actually repeat the steps taken in the video. Otherwise, you are just wasting your time.

Make sure you write and understand every single line of code you are going to see in the videos.

If you do not know anything about programming, I highly suggest you get started with Python. It is a great language to learn as the first language.

Get started by watching this comprehensive beginner’s guide.

Anyway, feel free to explore the content on Youtube and find channels whose learning style/pace you like the most.

39. STACKOVERFLOW

StackOverflow is a massive online community where developers ask and post answers to burning questions.

An example use case for StackOverflow is when you write a piece of code and get an error from the compiler. If you cannot figure out the issue yourself, there is a 99.9% chance someone else has figured it out for you and posted it on StackOverflow.

StackOverflow works such that the best answers get the highest number of votes. This makes them appear high on the thread. Usually, the top answers come from experienced developers in the specific area of coding.

This means you find the answers rather quickly.

StackOverflow gets tens of millions of visits each month.

Notice that there are no courses or tutorials on StackOverflow. Instead, all the content is about answering questions. So you are not necessarily going to learn the basics of the platform. Instead, treat it as your go-to resource when problems occur.

GitHub is a cloud-based version control system.

On GitHub, developers store their own projects. These projects can be:

• Public (Open-source).

If someone decides to make a project public, it means you can go ahead and:

• Read their entire codebase.
• Copy the project and try it on your machine.
• Commit to the project (make changes to it).

This is great for someone who already has some basic skills in software development/coding.

Reading and understanding other developers’ code is a valuable skill in itself, but it also gives you a great learning opportunity. You get to see how common problems are tackled in different ways.

For example, there are dozens of Flappy Bird game implementations in different programming languages you can search for.

Anyway, Git version control is something you have to learn sooner or later as a developer anyways. So it is a great idea to get started early.

41. CRUNCHZILLA

Crunchzilla is a free online learning platform for beginner programmers.

As you can see from their homepage, the learning is split into three sections:

• Code Monster

Let’s see what each of these skill levels means:

• Code Monster features the easiest programming tutorials for beginners. It is primarily targeted at kids between the ages of 9 and 13. However, when it comes to programming, age is just a number. It does not really matter how you learn the basics as long as you learn them. So feel free to go to Code Monster if you are way older than 13…
• Code Maven is targeted at kids between 13-19. Code Maven is the next level of a Code Monster. It has more thorough and complex tutorials than Code Monster to further support your learning process as a coder. Code Maven is also targeted at kids/teens, but do not be afraid to use it yourself as an adult.
• Game Maven . Preferable for old teens or young adults. It offers unique concepts you can use to broaden your programming knowledge. As the name suggests, the Game Maven is a game development guide.

Crunchzilla is a great way to get some first-hand experience in coding.

However, to truly learn to program, you need to spend way more time than what it takes to complete the Crunchzilla courses.

But it is a really great primer for someone who is curious regardless of age or skill level.

42. TUTORIALSPOINT

Tutorialspoint is an online education platform for programmers and software developers in general.

Most of the content on this site is free, but there is also a great number of paid courses & books too.

Tutorialspoint is one of those platforms where you can learn almost anything regardless of your skill level. The tutorials include:

Also, what is really great about Tutorialspoint is that they have a lot of interactive online coding grounds . This means you can execute your code directly on their web page.

If you are curious and want to test some technology or programming language, it is super useful you do not have to go through the installation process.

Instead, you can use a free code ground to run your code.

However, once you fall in love with a language/technology, it is a must to install the environment and technologies on your system. This way your progress is not dependent on a 3rd party website.

Anyway, Tutorialspoint is a great way to get started as a coder and practice coding skills.

43. CODE4STARTUP

Code4Startup is for someone who wants to get down to business right away, regardless of the amount of previous coding experience.

Within 3 months of starting, Code4Startup helps you build 4 different online businesses similar to tech giants like:

You can then showcase these projects to your future co-founders or recruiters. These make a great addition to your coding portfolio.

Code4Startup uses popular web development technologies/languages such as:

If you are into startups and web development, I highly recommend a course like this. The site is run by experts in the field.

The only downside is that the content is not free. However, getting this kind of quality education for free would be next to impossible anyways.

44. CODE ABBEY

Code Abbey offers a variety of different levels of programming challenges.

The best way to learn to code is by writing code. This is what Code Abbey is all about.

Using the platform is free, but you need to sign up to submit your solutions.

If you are a beginner with no previous experience in programming, then perhaps this site is not for you. However, if you have even a bit of experience, you can get your hands dirty with Code Abbey’s beginner-level challenges.

If they feel too overwhelmed, try to come back later in a couple of weeks or months!

45. CODECOMBAT

If you do not prefer the traditional way of learning how to write code, you should give try Code Combat . It is a gamified and interactive way to get down to the basics.

This platform is great for teaching someone how to code, or learning how to code yourself.

The game is free to play. However, the advanced levels are subscription-based.

The idea of the code game is simple. You move a game character to collect treasures and avoid NPCs. However, you give the character commands in a real programming language, instead of moving it traditionally with a keyboard.

This is a free and really great alternative way to get an introduction to programming.

You can use Code Combat to get started with the popular programming language Python for example.

46. THINKFUL

Thinkful is an online learning platform that you can use to build yourself up for a career as a software developer.

This option is unlike 99% of all the other online learning platforms. If you enroll in a course, you are assigned to a mentor.

All you need to do to get started is pick a course and the website does the rest.

Learning with a professional mentor is a way to go if you want to become a software developer quickly.

However, this platform can feel a bit pricy to you too. If you do not want to spend money, feel free to pick a free platform on this article.

However, mentoring is something you cannot really get unless you pay for it.

47. PROGRAMIZ

Programiz is one of my go-to online learning platforms.

It is a free website that has a bunch of tutorials on the most in-demand programming skills.

On Programiz, you have a huge selection of free tutorials on languages like:

The tutorials are broken down into clearly defined learning paths.

A great additional feature in Programiz is the interactive online editors. You can use these to run code directly on their website instead of hassling with the installation process on your system.

So there you have it! A ton of useful resources for learning programming languages and software development.

If you are a beginner, I suggest you experiment with a bunch of different platforms to find the courses that best resonate with you.

You can surely learn to code for free. However, if you are all on your own, it can be really tricky to push the pace and work hard enough. In this case, a paid programming course taught by experts is a really great option you should consider.

Anyway, thank you so much for reading.

• Myths about Programming .
• Tips to Learn Coding Faster .
• 10 Popular Programming Languages Explained .
• Useful Tools and Resources for Aspiring Developers (an updated list)

The Most Popular Coding Challenge Websites

If you want to improve your analytical skills, there's no better way to do that than solving problems.

If you are a programmer, then this is something you should do for yourself. Programmers need to deal with all sorts of problems almost every day.

Most importantly, solving problems in an efficient manner can make you much more productive. And solving challenging problems helps us do that.

You can watch this complete video on YouTube as well if you like 🎥

Why Should You Develop Your Problem-Solving Skills?

These days, technology is developing rapidly, and we are seeing some amazing changes and improvements almost every day.

Whenever we talk about technology, a buzzword appears in our mind – and that is coding or programming. Now, coding/programming isn't just about solving different kinds of problems using different programming languages, but it's a large part of what you'll do as a developer.

The fields of Web development, Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Augmented Reality, App Development, and many others require strong problem-solving skills.

There are many popular websites that help you do that by providing various types of problems where you need to apply your analytical and mathematical skills to solve each problem using programming languages.

I am going to provide you with a list of coding challenge websites that will help you become more advanced day by day.

Keep in mind that these websites are useful for everybody, whether you are new to coding challenges or you are a professional programmer and so on.

• Project Euler
• GeeksforGeeks
• Online Judge
• HackerEarth
• Code Jam - Google's Coding Competitions

Best Coding Challenge Websites

1. beecrowd (formerly uri).

beecrowd is perfect for those who have just started solving coding challenges and are looking for a beginner-friendly website. It used to be named URI , so there is a chance that you are already familiar with this site as URI.

If you want to solve problems in a specific category, then you're in luck as this website also offers that.

Here is an image of a Strings problem set. You can also filter the problems by the ID (#), name (NAME), Subject (SUBJECT), solved (SOLVED), and so on. Beginners like these features very much.

On this website, you can also take part in different programming contests, and check your global ranking, country-wide ranking, and university-wide ranking.

Also, you can check your progress, how many days have passed after signing up, how many problems you have solved, how many points you have got, and more.

You will also get a nice profile page that looks beautiful as well. 😊 I used to practice solving problems on this website when I was just starting out my CP (Competitive Programming) journey. Not to mention, I got the 3rd position among 1250 students back then at my university. 🎉

You can also check out my beecrowd profile here .

2. HackerRank

HackerRank is one of the most popular coding practice websites out there. This is a nice platform for everyone, especially beginners.

The website looks nice and polished, and the users who come here the first time don't struggle when navigating throughout the website, so that is definitely a positive thing here.

HackerRank offers different portals for companies and developers. If you are learning to solve problems, then you will choose the For Developers section.

If you want to learn any specific topics or programming languages, then this website is the perfect place to get started in that. You can prepare yourself by topics. You can also take their certification exam and stand out from the crowd. I have already passed their Python (Basic) certification exam.

You can also choose preparation kits from there, and prepare yourself before your interview if you want. Moreover, you can take part in programming contests.

Here, you will also get a nice personal profile page. You can check out my profile from HackerRank here .

3. Codeforces

Codeforces is one of the most used and well-known coding challenge and practice websites in the world, and it is sponsored by Telegram. Especially if you know about CP (Competitive Programming), then there is a high chance you have heard a lot about this website.

Although the website might look a little bit different to newcomers, you won't need much time to get used to it. You can train yourself by solving problems of different categories, difficulty levels, and so on.

Competitive programmers have ranks based on their successful results in programming contests. If you have heard about the RED coder / PURPLE coder, etc, then it is definitely from Codeforces.

You can get the idea of the ranking system on Codeforces from the image above. For more details, you can check out this blog entry .

Codeforces arranges contests regularly each week, and they are categorized into div 1, div 2, div 3 and div 4. They also arrange global round and educational round contests. You can get the timeline of the contests directly from here .

Codeforces also provides a nice user profile on their website. You can check mine here as well.

4. LeetCode

If you are familiar with the FAANG (Facebook, Apple, Amazon, Netflix, Google) buzzword, then you should definitely know about this website! If you want to practice for your coding interview for the big giant tech companies like FAANG, then they all do leetcoding .

You might think that I have made a typo in the above paragraph. No, I didn't. LeetCode has become this popular among people who target FAANG and those who are working on their problem solving skills. Taking part in contests on LeetCode has become common, and people call it leetcoding!

Here, you can solve a lot of problems, and filter the problems by the lists, difficulty levels, status, and tags.

You can also choose problems regarding Arrays, Strings, Hash Tables, Dynamic Programming, and many other categories.

As I mentioned above, you can also take part in programming contests. The only thing that makes LeetCode different is that it is based on Algorithm practice. Yeah, LeetCode is not like any other coding website, because it focuses on algorithm practice alone.

You do not need to provide the full code for solving a problem here, you just need to crack the solution by providing a valid algorithm using any popular language that can solve the problem.

You also get to see how your code performs among others, how much space and time it takes, and so on.

Most importantly, LeetCode has an amazing discussion group where people talk about their problems, solutions, how to improve their algorithms, how to improve the efficiency of their code, and so on. This is one of the most powerful features of LeetCode.

One sad part about LeetCode is that you will not get every feature for free! Yeah, it's true. You have to pay for it monthly or yearly to unlock all its features. There are a lot of problems you will find locked on the website. You can not unlock them if you do not purchase the premium plan.

If you are just starting your algorithm journey on LeetCode, then actually you don't need to worry about their premium plans as the free version will be more than enough for you.

Later, if you want to become more serious, then paying for their premium subscription will be a big deal actually as you'll get a ton more features. This is very much helpful, and includes things like top interview questions, top FAANG questions, video explanations, and more.

You also get a nice profile page on LeetCode. You can check out mine here .

I was pretty confused before writing this section, as Kaggle is not a typical website for coding practice. This website is basically for Data Science, and it's one of the most popular websites out there for this.

Kaggle is an online community platform for data scientists and machine learning enthusiasts. It is a popular crowd-sourced platform to attract, nurture, train, and challenge Data Science and Machine Learning enthusiasts from all around the world to come together and solve numerous Data Science, Predictive Analytics, and Machine Learning problems.

So if you are interested in Data Science, then you should check this website. Here you can check others' notebooks, submit your notebook, join in the contests, improve datasets, and so on.

Kaggle allows users to collaborate with other users, find and publish datasets, use GPU integrated notebooks, and compete with other data scientists to solve data science challenges.

Also, if you are interested in data science, but don't know where to start, then don't worry! Kaggle has got you covered. You can check their learning section where they have many free courses which will teach you a lot of stuff from the beginning.

✨ BONUS: If you want to learn more then I'd suggest that you complete the data science playlist from freeCodeCamp's YouTube channel.

Kaggle also provides rankings and a nice user profile. You can check out my profile here .

6. CodeChef

CodeChef is another popular Indian website like HackerRank where you can solve a lot of problems, take part in contests, and so on.

You can filter the problems based on different categories and solve them using any of the most popular programming languages.

They also have a learning section on their website where you can learn how to solve problems in a systematic way. This is super helpful, especially for beginners.

In their learning section, you can choose self-learning, mentored learning, and doubt support. Some of them are free of charge, but in some courses, you have to pay before you can start them.

This website also provides user ranking including the global ranking and country-wide ranking. They also provide a user profile on their website. You can check out mine here although I am not active on most of the websites right now. 😅

AtCoder is a programming contest website based in Japan. Makoto Soejima (rng_58) who is one of the former admins and problem writers from Topcoder is a founding member of AtCoder.

On this website, you can take part in different programming contests. They held regular programming contests on Saturdays and Sundays. Also, you can solve problems from previously held programming contests.

I have seen a lot of people regularly participate in the programming contests and solve problems previously used in the contests regularly by solving problems on AtCoder. I also tried that for a while to check the efficiency, and truth to be told, it was really effective.

Here you can also check the global ranking. Here you will also get your own profile page where you and others can see your global ranking and so on.

8. Topcoder

Topcoder (formerly TopCoder) is a crowdsourcing company with an open global community of designers, developers, data scientists, and competitive programmers. Topcoder pays community members for their work on the projects and sells community services to corporate, mid-size, and small-business clients.

Here you can earn, learn, and do a lot more in their MVP program. For earning, you can participate in five different tracks, become a copilot, become a reviewer, and also get a freelance contract gig through Topcoder Gig Work .

Personally, I feel this website is a little bit overwhelming for beginners. You can get more details in the YouTube videos I have made for you.

9. Coderbyte

Coderbyte has a huge collection of problems that you can solve. They also offer a challenging library, starter courses, interview kits, career resources and so on.

To get all the features, you need to buy a subscription plan from them. I personally liked their interview kit a lot.

Here you will also get a personal profile page.

10. Project Euler

Project Euler is a series of challenging mathematical/computer programming problems that will require more than just mathematical insights to solve.

Project Euler is a great website for solving mathematical challenging problems. But solving a problem on this website requires more than just simple mathematical knowledge.

If you want to solve mathematical problems in a more analytical way, then this website will come in handy.

11. Codewars

Codewars is a coding challenge website for people of all programming levels. It claims to have a community of over 3 million developers.

One of the biggest benefits of this website is that it is highly focused on algorithms like LeetCode. Moreover, if your goal is to get very good at writing clean and efficient programs, then this website can be a great asset to you.

In Codewars, you will see Kata and Kyu a lot.

Kyu (or Kyū) indicates the number of degrees away from master level (Dan). This is why they count downward. Once you reach master level, we count upward. Black belts in martial arts are Dan level. On Codewars, kata are code challenges focused on improving skill and technique. Some train programming fundamentals, while others focus on complex problem solving. Others are puzzles meant to test your creative problem solving, while others are based on real world coding scenarios.

If you want to know more about how the ranking system works on Codewars, then simply check their docs here .

On Codewars you will also get a nice profile page like mine . Keep in mind that I haven't solved that much on this website; therefore my profile page would seem empty. 😅

Additionally, I find their leaderboard page quite amusing.

SPOJ is a website that contains huge problems for solving. It claims to have 315,000 registered users and over 20,000 problems.

According to GFG,

You can start solving problems with maximum submission and follow or check the submission of good coders here. Once you solved around 50-70 problems and build some confidence, you can participate in different contests.

Their problem set is also quite amusing.

You will also get a nice user profile page here which you can use to showcase your problem solve skills.

13. CodinGame

In CodinGame, you can improve your coding skills with fun exercises in more than 25 programming languages.

It is a good website for intermediate and advanced software engineers to have fun while continuing to keep their skills sharp. Also, the challenges are gamified and the multiplayer access means that users can challenge friends and coworkers.

14. GeeksforGeeks (Popularly known as GFG)

You might wonder why I am including GFG in this article as it only provides algorithms, tutorials, and so on.

Well, that's not all they offer. Yes, GFG is pretty popular for its tutorials, algorithms, and so on, but they also provide a nice problem-solving platform here .

You can also filter the problems as you see fit for yourself.

You will also get your profile page where you can show your progress in problem solving on the GFG website.

Competitive programmers participate in programming contests and solve many problems on this website. This website is kind of special to the Bangladeshi people as the Bangladeshi universities arrange many programming contests through it.

You can solve problems in different categories on this website, and they also offer you a nice profile page. They also provide rankings based on your performance in the programming contests.

If you are a complete beginner in problem solving, then this website can help you a lot in starting your problem solving journey.

16. LightOJ

In LightOJ, you can solve a lot of categorized problems. It is highly based on solving algorithmic problems. Their problems are categorized as below:

• LightOJ Volumes
• Advanced Search Techniques
• Data Structures
• Divide And Conquer
• Dynamic Programming
• Fast Fourier Transform
• Flow/Matching
• Game Theory
• Graph Theory
• Parsing/Grammar
• Recursion/Branch and Bound

They also provide you with a nice profile page where you can see your activities. It might seem odd, but sometimes I find this website better than LeetCode in some cases. Moreover, everything you do on this website is completely free of cost!

17. Exercism

You can develop your programming fluency in 57 different programming languages with their unique blend of learning, practice and mentoring.

Exercism is completely free of cost, and it's built by people like us. You can also contribute or donate to them to support their amazing service for free.

They also provide a very nice user profile page which also shows everything you have done on their website, starting from publishing to maintaining.

On their tracks page, you will get a list of 57 different programming languages where you can start your practice.

Solving problems on their website seems super fun to me. I really liked the way they manage their website.

18. Online Judge (Commonly known as UVa)

This is one of the oldest websites out there for solving programming-related problems. I still find it to be a very hard website for beginners. The UI and navigation of the website are also very old.

All of the questions come with a PDF here. You need to download the PDF file of the problem if you want to solve problems as they do not offer a direct preview of the questions.

They have a lot of problemsets on their website . I still find a lot of users using this website nowadays. Therefore, I mentioned it here.

19. HackerEarth

HackerEarth is an Indian software company headquartered in San Francisco, US, that provides enterprise software that helps organisations with their technical hiring needs. HackerEarth is used by organizations for technical skill assessment and remote video interviewing.

You can practice your problem solving skills from their practice page. Also, you can participate in programming challenges and hackathons from their challenges page.

Their interview prep section is quite amazing. You can take part in the mock assessments for the Adobe Coding Test, Facebook Coding Test, and Amazon Coding Test.

They also provide a nice user profile for everyone.

20. Code Jam - Google's Coding Competitions

Google Code Jam is an international programming competition hosted and administered by Google. The competition began in 2003. The competition consists of a set of algorithmic problems which must be solved in a fixed amount of time.

If you are interested in taking part in the Code Jam contests, then their archive section is full of amazing resources for you where you can get the earlier questions and practice them.

They also offer a lot of prize money in their contests. An example can be:

Out of thousands of participants, only the top 25 will head to the World Finals to compete for the title of World Champion and cash prizes of up to $15,000. And there will be plenty of other prizes to go around — the top 1,000 competitors will win an exclusive Code Jam 2022 t-shirt.

21. ICPC - International Collegiate Programming Contest

ICPC is one of the most prestigious programming contests in the world.

The International Collegiate Programming Contest, known as the ICPC, is an annual multi-tiered competitive programming competition among the universities of the world.

Who is eligible for ICPC?

ACM/ICPC is a team-based competition with certain requirements to the participants: only post-secondary students and first-year post-graduate students no older than 24 are eligible; each team consists of three members. One can participate in the finals no more than twice and in the regionals no more than five times.

Personal Opinion

If you are a complete beginner, then start with beecrowd . If you want to start problem solving along with learning a specific programming language, then start with HackerRank .

After solving almost 50+ problems on beecrowd or HackerRank, start solving problems on Codeforces . The first time, you won't be able to do that well in the programming contests on Codeforces, and that is completely okay – it is natural. You just need to try regularly. The questions might seem pretty hard to you, but it'll become easier day by day after solving problems continuously.

You can participate in AtCoder the day you start solving problems on Codeforces. You can also try CodeChef , but I find Codeforces is enough in this case.

This will prepare you for the ICPC and Code Jam . Don't forget to solve the earlier questions on Code Jam.

If you want to gain expertise in Data Science, then simply go for Kaggle .

If you want to gain expertise in Algorithms, then LeetCode , and LightOJ are your only places. GeeksforGeeoks will also help you in this aspect.

For LeetCode, get some help from Nick White . His LeetCode Solution playlist has 189 videos as of today, and you will learn a lot from him, trust me!

Another good resource is Neetcode where you can get curated problems and their solutions from LeetCode. The official YouTube channel of Neetcode is also a great channel.

Additional Websites

You might find the websites below useful too!

⭐ StopStalk

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The best AI for coding, and a bunch that failed miserably

I've been around technology for long enough that very little excites me, and even less surprises me. But shortly after Open AI's ChatGPT was released, I asked it to write a WordPress plugin for my wife's e-commerce site . When it did, and the plugin worked, I was indeed surprised.

That was the beginning of my deep exploration into chatbots and AI-assisted programming. Since then, I've subjected 10 large machine models (LLMs) to four real-world tests.

How to use ChatGPT to write:  Resumes  |  Excel formulas  |  Essays  |  Cover letters  

Unfortunately, not all chatbots can code alike. It's been 18 months since that first test, and even now, five of the 10 LLMs I tested can't create working plugins. 

In this article, I'll show you how each LLM performed against my tests. There are two chatbots I recommend you use, but they cost $20/month. The free versions of the same chatbots do well enough that you could probably get by without paying. But the rest, whether free or paid, are not so great. I won't risk my programming projects with them or recommend that you do until their performance improves.

Also:  How I test an AI chatbot's coding ability - and you can too

I've written a lot about using AIs to help with programming . Unless it's a small, simple project, like my wife's plugin, AIs can't write entire apps or programs. But they excel at writing a few lines and are not bad at fixing code. 

Rather than repeat everything I've written, go ahead and read this article:  How to use ChatGPT to write code: What it can and can't do for you .

If you want to understand my coding tests, why I've chosen them, and why they're relevant to this review of the 10 LLMs, read this article:  How I test an AI chatbot's coding ability - and you can too .  

Let's start with a comparative look at how the chatbots performed:

Next, let's look at each chatbot individually. I'll discuss nine chatbots, even though the above chart shows 10 LLMs. The results for GPT-4 and GPT-4o are both included in ChatGPT Plus. Ready? Let's go.

ChatGPT Plus

Best overall ai chatbot for coding.

• Passed all tests
• Solid coding results
• Hallucinations
• No Windows app yet
• Sometimes uncooperative
• Price: $20/mo
• LLM: GPT-4o, GPT-4, GPT-3.5
• Desktop browser interface: Yes
• Dedicated Mac app: Yes
• Dedicated Windows app: No
• Multi-factor authentication: Yes
• Tests passed: 4 of 4

ChatGPT Plus  with GPT-4 and GPT-4o passed all my tests. One of my favorite features is the availability of a dedicated app. When I test web programming, I have my browser set on one thing, my IDE open, and the ChatGPT Mac app running on a separate screen.

Also:  I put GPT-4o through my coding tests and it aced them - except for one weird result

In addition,  Logitech's Prompt Builder , which pops up using a mouse button, can be set up to use the upgraded GPT-4o and connect to your OpenAI account, making it a simple thumb-tap to run a prompt, which is very convenient.

The only thing I didn't like was that one of my GPT-4o tests resulted in a dual-choice answer, and one of those answers was wrong. I'd rather it just gave me the correct answer. Even so, a quick test confirmed which answer would work. But that was a bit annoying. I didn't have that issue in GPT-4, so for now, that's the LLM setting I use with ChatGPT when coding.

Perplexity Pro

Best ai chatbot for llm testing.

• Multiple LLMs
• Search criteria displayed
• Good sourcing
• Email-only login
• No desktop app
• LLM: GPT-4o, Claude 3.5 Sonnet, Sonar Large, Claude 3 Opus, Llama 3.1 405B
• Dedicated Mac app: No
• Multi-factor authentication: No

I seriously considered listing  Perplexity Pro  as the best overall AI chatbot for coding, but one failing kept it out of the top slot: how you log in. Perplexity doesn't use username/password or passkey, and doesn't have multi-factor authentication. All it does is email you a login pin. The AI also doesn't have a separate desktop app, as ChatGPT does for Macs.

What sets Perplexity apart from other tools is that it can run multiple LLMs. While you can't set an LLM for a given session, you can easily go into the settings and choose the active model.

Also:  Can Perplexity Pro help you code? It aced my programming tests - thanks to GPT-4

For programming, you'll probably want to stick to GPT-4o, because that aced all our tests. But it might be interesting to cross-check code across the different LLMs. For example, if you have GPT-4o write some regular expression code, you might consider switching to a different LLM to see what that LLM thinks of the generated code.

As we'll see below, most LLMs are unreliable, so don't take the results as gospel. However, you can use the results to give you more things to check your original code. It's sort of like an AI-driven code review.

Just don't forget to switch back to GPT-4o.

ChatGPT Free

Best free ai chatbot for coding.

• Passed most tests
• Prompt throttling
• Could cut you off in the middle of whatever you're working on
• Price: Free
• LLM: GPT-4o, GPT-3.5
• Tests passed: 3 of 4 in GPT-3.5 mode

ChatGPT  is available to anyone for free. While both the Plus and free versions support GPT-4o, which passed all my programming tests, there are limitations when using the free app.

OpenAI treats free ChatGPT users as if they're in the cheap seats. If traffic is high or the servers are busy, the free ChatGPT will only make GPT-3.5 available to free users. The tool will only allow you a certain number of queries before it downgrades or shuts you off.

Also:  How to use ChatGPT: What you need to know now

I've had several occasions when the free version of ChatGPT effectively told me I'd asked too many questions.

ChatGPT is a great tool, as long as you don't mind getting shut down sometimes. Even GPT-3.5 did better on the tests than all the other chatbots, and the test it failed was for a fairly obscure programming tool produced by a lone programmer in Australia.

So, if budget is important to you and you can wait when cut off, go for ChatGPT free.

Perplexity Free

Best free ai chatbot for coding and research.

• Range of research tools
• Limited to GPT-3.5
• Throttles prompt results
• LLM: GPT-3.5
• Tests passed: 3 of 4

I'm threading a pretty fine needle here, but because Perplexity AI' s free version is based on GPT-3.5, the test results were measurably better than the other AI chatbots.

Also: 5 reasons why I prefer Perplexity over every other AI chatbot

From a programming perspective, that's pretty much the whole story. But from a research and organization perspective, my ZDNET colleague Steven Vaughan-Nichols prefers Perplexity over the other AIs.

He likes how Perplexity provides more complete sources for research questions, how it cites its sources, how it organizes the replies, and how it provides questions to further searches.

So if you're programming, but also doing other research, consider the free version of Perplexity.

Chatbots to avoid for programming help

I tested nine chatbots, and four passed most of my tests. The other chatbots, including a few pitched as great for programming, each only passed one of my tests -- and Microsoft's Copilot didn't pass any .

I'm mentioning them here because people will ask, and I did test them thoroughly. Some of them do just fine for other work, so I'll point you to their more general reviews if you're just curious about how they function.

Meta AI is Facebook's general-purpose AI. As you can see above, it failed three of our four tests. 

Also:  How to get started with Meta AI in Facebook, Instagram, and more

The AI did generate a nice user interface but with zero functionality. And it did find my annoying bug, which is a fairly serious challenge. Given the specific knowledge required to find the bug, I was surprised it choked on a simple regular expression challenge. But it did.

Meta Code Llama

Meta Code Llama is Facebook's AI designed specifically for coding help. It's something you can download and install on your server. I tested it running on a Hugging Face AI instance.

Also:  Can Meta AI code? I tested it against Llama, Gemini, and ChatGPT - it wasn't even close

Weirdly, even though both Meta AI and Meta Code Llama choked on three of four of my tests, they choked on different problems. AIs can't be counted on to give the same answer twice, but this result was a surprise. We'll see if that changes over time.

Claude 3.5 Sonnet

Anthropic claims the 3.5 Sonnet version of its Claude AI chatbot is ideal for programming. After failing all but one test, I'm not so sure.

If you're not using it for programming, Claude may be a better choice than the free version of ChatGPT. 

Also:  4 things Claude AI can do that ChatGPT can't

My ZDNET colleague Maria Diaz reports that Claude can handle uploaded files, process more words than the free version of ChatGPT, provide information roughly a year more current than GPT-3.5, and access websites.

Gemini Advanced

Gemini Advanced is Google's $20 pro version of its Gemini (formerly Bard) chatbot. I expected the tool to do better than one out of four. Interestingly, it passed the one test that every AI other than GPT-4/4o failed -- knowledge of that fairly obscure programming language produced by one programmer in Australia.

Also:  3 ways Gemini Advanced beats other AI assistants, according to Google

So, if it knew that language, why couldn't it handle basic regular expressions or other first-year programming student problems?

Microsoft Copilot

You'd think the company with the "Developers! Developers! Developers!" mantra in its DNA would have an AI that does better on the programming tests. Microsoft produces some of the best coding tools on the planet. And yet, Copilot did badly .

Also:  What are Microsoft's different Copilots? Here are the differences and how you can use them

The one positive thing is that Microsoft always learns from its mistakes. So, I'll check back later and see if this result improves.  

It's only a matter of time

The results of my tests were fairly surprising, especially given the big investments of Microsoft and Google. But this area of innovation is improving at warp speed , so we'll be back with updated tests and results over time. Stay tuned.

Have you used any of these AI chatbots for programming? What has your experience been? Let us know in the comments below.

You can follow my day-to-day project updates on social media. Be sure to subscribe to my weekly update newsletter , and follow me on Twitter/X at @DavidGewirtz , on Facebook at Facebook.com/DavidGewirtz , on Instagram at Instagram.com/DavidGewirtz , and on YouTube at YouTube.com/DavidGewirtzTV .

I've tested dozens of AI chatbots since ChatGPT's stunning debut. Here's my top pick

If these chatbots could talk: the most popular ways people are using ai tools, ai scientist: 'we need to think outside the large language model box'.

More From Forbes

Breaking down barriers: xl8 and the role of translation tools as media companies look to capitalize on the election year.

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WINDHAM, NH: Former president Donald Trump hosted a campaign event at Windham High School in ... [+] Windham, New Hampshire on Tuesday, August 8, 2023. (John Tully for The Washington Post via Getty Images). LAS VEGAS, NV: Vice President Kamala Harris speaks at a campaign event at Resorts World hotel and casino in Las Vegas, Nevada on July 9, 2024. (Photo by Bridget Bennett)

It sounds simple, but what if it was possible to minimize, or eliminate altogether, language barriers across the globe for both live events and acquired programming content?

After an extraordinary run of political news, interest in the current presidential election cycle is rising. An assassination attempt, an unprecedented exit, a new candidate, new running mates, all within recent weeks. And the presidential race is not the only factor igniting inquisitiveness in live events happening in real time.

“A record setting Olympics, a natural disaster in Asia, war in the Mideast, and so much more. The world is smaller and live information is moving faster,” noted Mike Tankel, Chairman at Phenomena Global . “The only factor that slows down the movement of news is language.”

TOPSHOT - A photo shows the Olympic rings on the Eiffel Tower for the Paris 2024 Olympic Games in ... [+] Paris, on July 24, 2024. (Photo by Fabrice COFFRINI / AFP) (Photo by FABRICE COFFRINI/AFP via Getty Images)

Phenomena Global brings filmmakers and advocacy groups together through and around the movie making process, weaving social impact through story development, film financing, film production, marketing and campaign development.

“We are in an election cycle where we are speaking to people of other cultures in this great melting pot of a country, and we might not be able to communicate to them in the way they understand best,” he said. “This is where artificial intelligence (AI) can be beneficial. But there also is a responsibility for any organization to be accurate and not say things that are lost in the translation. AI is literal and does not detect nuances like humor and sarcasm, which need to be captured as well.”

Netflix’s Best New Movie Arrives With A Perfect 100% Critic Score

Trump reposts ai-generated images claiming taylor swift fans support him, microsoft issues mandatory 2fa login deadline alert.

Mike Tankel is the Chairman at Phenomena Global.

Not surprisingly, the three cable news networks benefited significantly from this active news cycle in July. The trio, not to mention any individual series covering the presidential race (the morning and network news programs, in particular) are prepping for an expected audience surge through at least November. This week the Democratic National Convention begins. Then, on September 10 is the first debate between former President Donald Trump and Vice President Kamala Harris. But how can a content provider or platform offering content from other countries best position itself to capitalize this expected momentum? And how should AI be used to assist in the process?

The cable news networks are expected to gain a significant number of viewers during the Presidential ... [+] election cycle.

With multiculturalism at the center of these global events, how do we make sure all these communities are effectively communicated with? How do we break down barriers?

Enter XL8 Inc.

XL8 is a tech company providing AI-powered Machine Translation technology optimized for the media ... [+] and entertainment industry.

Established in 2019 and based in San Jose, California, XL8 is a tech company providing AI-powered Machine Translation technology optimized for the media and entertainment industry.

Via the company descriptor, XL8 delivers immediate translations that strive for a casual and conversational style of speaking like how people converse in real life. The technology mixes AI-generated subtitle and caption creation with proprietary machine translation engines (providing, in its words, “in-line editing, automated media transcription with time coding, automated subtitling, automated translation, synthesized voice dubbing, real-time meeting interpretation, and live subtitling all of which can be automatically translated ‘on the fly’”). And it offers a potential solution for any language barrier, both for real time and for the library of programming (scripted and non-scripted) across the globe that is in demand for consumption.

“The idea behind XL8 was a result of the great deal of global content that was starting to get recognized,” noted Tim Jung, founder and CEO of XL8 Inc. Prior to XL8, Jung, a Columbia University PHD in computer science, was a Staff Software Engineer at Google, where he spearheaded multiple Natural Language Processing Search features, among other things.

“We break down language barriers to help companies expand their global reach,” said Jung. “By integrating tools like XL8's EventCAT and MediaCAT , these platforms can deliver multilingual content with translations in sync to their local cultures and respective languages in real-time, building engagement across all audiences worldwide. We match the work with anyone around the world in need of an AI based media localization solution. And we localize and not just translate.”

Tim Jung is the founder and CEO of XL8.

To translate, of course, is to match word for word. Localize takes it to the next level, putting it in context with the nuances of how a reader or a speaker would listen or read that content in their own native language.

XL8’s real time AI engine can translate from a native language to the audience language, removing all barriers for global audiences to consume content at the same time. By integrating the XL8 tools, media platforms can deliver multilingual content and subtitles in real-time, enabling engagement worldwide.

Global Content Consumption Rises

With the advent of streaming platforms is the transformative shift in the global television and entertainment industry. These platforms have redefined not just how content is consumed but also how it is produced and distributed. And what transpired was a surge in the need – and interest – for already produced global content both for the United States and outside of it.

“If there was any benefit that came out of COVID it was the realization that there is great content available from all over the globe and not just locally,” noted Josh Pine, Chief Revenue Officer, XL8. “Once upon a time, watching a foreign film with subtitles was an arduous task. Now, in the aftermath of COVID, consuming foreign content has become more common.”

“Previously, taking a show from a foreign country and translating and subtitling it was a lengthy process,” he said. “ Instead of taking days to translate just a few hours of media content, we can now do it in less than real time and translate from the source simultaneously into multiple languages without adding any extra time to the process. With the use of the AI tools, the translation can happen in less than real time. Then a human can come in and make some post edits and clean it up, make it perfect, and get it on its way at a considerable saving and at a fraction of the time.”

Josh Pine is the Chief Revenue Officer at XL8.

XL8 Partners with Cineverse

In June, XL8 partnered with Cineverse , an innovative streaming technology and entertainment company, combining XL8's real-time AI-powered localization supply chain solution (including AI-generated subtitle and caption creation along with its proprietary machine translation engines) with Cineverse's content management and distribution platform Matchpoint.

“Matchpoint allows us to leverage next-generation technology to help Cineverse and our partners to easily expand our business internationally without incurring significant costs,” said Tony Huidor, Cineverse's Chief Operating Officer & Chief Technology Officer in a statement.

Cineverse's Erick Opeka, Chief Strategy Officer & President and Tony Huidor, Chief Operating Officer ... [+] & Chief Technology Officer. (Photo by Rob Latour/Variety/Penske Media via Getty Images)

Post-Presidential Election

“The election is going to be over in November, but sports are not stopping. Come November, we are in the middle of football season, then basketball season, and baseball season, and so on,” noted Josh Pine. “And this continued increase in consumption of international content is not expected to diminish.”

This year, data and analytics firm Ampere Analysis has forecasted the global content spend to increase by two percent year-on-year, following a plateau in content investment growth in 2023. With a continued focus on international productions, fewer U.S. original titles, and an increased desire for sports rights, the global streaming services are set to increase their total content spend by seven percent in 2024.

“During the pandemic and then followed by the strike, global content came center stage, proving that great stories can come from anywhere,” noted Mike Tankel. “Now, with XL8, those stories won’t even have to feel global, they’ll simply be great stories as all language barriers are no longer an issue.”

“At the end of day, the way we want to see the world is without any language barriers. Through technology, we can interact with any corner of the world,” said XL8’s Tim Jung. “It could be through other online platforms and digital platforms, where we spend, where we consume content from around the world, or even live content, live broadcasting, and live conferences. There are no boundaries, only opportunities.”

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Democrats unveil theme and featured speakers for 2024 Democratic National Convention

Among the several speakers expected to take the stage, the convention will feature familiar faces such as president joe biden and former president barack obama, by gerardo pons, nbc chicago staff and wire reports • published august 18, 2024 • updated on august 18, 2024 at 5:04 am.

Every four years, the Democratic Party hosts a multi-day convention for thousands of supporters to come together and nominate their candidate for their presidency in an emotive process and this year is no exception.

This year, the convention will be set in Chicago, where Vice President Kamala Harris will accept the Democratic presidential nomination after securing the majority of the delegates earlier this month.

The convention theme will be "For the People, For Our Future," a message inspired by Harris' previous campaign motto as district attorney – "Kamala Harris, For the People."

24/7 New York news stream: Watch NBC 4 free wherever you are

While the convention itself is expected to draw between 5,000 and 7,000 delegates and alternate delegates, city officials expect the event will draw an estimated 50,000 visitors to the city throughout the week.

“A credential to get into the Chicago Democratic National Convention is a hotter ticket than a Taylor Swift concert,” Chris Korge, national finance chair for the Democratic National Committee, told NBC News . “We have to tell people there’s a limit to how many people we can get into the convention.”

When and Where Is the 2024 Democratic National Convention?

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The convention will be held over four days starting Monday, Aug. 19, and ending Thursday, Aug. 22 at the United Center in Chicago, Illinois. It will host events from 7-11 p.m. ET.

Decision 2024

Jill Biden's speech at convention honors President Biden and marks an end for the first lady, too

Democratic National Committee releases party platform ahead of convention

The full schedule of events, however, can be found  here .

A look at the DNC stage, screens inside United Center

Who will be speaking at the convention?

Among the several speakers expected to take the stage , the convention will feature familiar faces such as President Joe Biden and former presidents Barack Obama and Bill Clinton.

President Joe Biden and First Lady Dr. Jill Biden are expected to take the stage on the first night of the convention. Other speakers include Chicago Mayor Brandon Johnson and Illinois Governor JB Pritzker.

Biden’s aides said Biden will use his remarks to deliver the argument for why he believes Harris must replace him and defeat Trump, whom he says is a threat to democracy. Biden will also play up some of his popular  accomplishments  before he steps out of the spotlight for Harris and her running mate, Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz, to take center stage the rest of the week, the aides said.

Speakers at the convention are expected to make reference to Biden’s accomplishments, from helping lead the country out of the COVID-19 pandemic to winning passage of major infrastructure, climate and health care investments. Harris has used Biden’s policies as the foundation of her own  policy  plans.

Other notable speakers at the convention include Second Gentleman Doug Emhoff, former Secretary Hillary Rodham Clinton, Sen. Chuck Schumer, and House Democratic Leader Rep. Hakeem Jeffries.

When will Harris and Walz deliver their acceptance speeches?

Walz will deliver his vice presidential acceptance speech on Wednesday. Harris will give her presidential acceptance speech on Thursday, according to the DNC.

How to watch the DNC convention live?

NBC News will air a special report on this NBC station from 10 p.m. ET to 11 p.m. ET each night of the convention.

The convention will also be available on via streaming through  Peacock.

The primetime DNC coverage will air live from the United Center on the following dates/times:

• Aug. 19 at 10 p.m. ET
• Aug. 20 at 10 p.m. ET
• Aug. 21 at 9 p.m. ET
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When does the 2024 DNC start? See full week schedule, how to watch and livestream

The 2024 Democratic National Convention begins Monday in Chicago with President Joe Biden speaking during the opening night of the convention.

The convention's first night will pay tribute to the 81-year-old Democratic president, who last month ended his reelection campaign and endorsed Vice President Kamala Harris as the nominee. Other Democratic heavyweights, such as Barack Obama and Bill and Hillary Clinton, are also expected to speak at the convention.

Obama is expected to speak Tuesday night while former President Bill Clinton is scheduled to speak Wednesday night before vice presidential nominee Tim Walz , the governor of Minnesota, gives his address.

NBC News reported that President Jimmy Carter's grandson Jason Carter will speak on behalf of his grandfather. The DNC speaker schedule is subject to change and a full list of speakers will be released at a later time.

Here's what you need to know about the 2024 DNC, including the full schedule and how to watch.

Black women in charge at 2024 DNC: Black women are in charge at this year's DNC. Expect a different kind of convention.

2024 DNC speakers: Biden, Obama, Clintons to headline Democratic National Convention speakers

When is the 2024 DNC?

The DNC is scheduled to run August 19-22 at the United Center in Chicago.

How to watch and stream the 2024 DNC

The DNC will livestream events across multiple online platforms.

USA TODAY will provide livestream coverage on YouTube  each night of the DNC, Monday through Thursday.

Each television network will handle coverage slightly differently. Here's a breakdown of the major networks and their coverage plans for the DNC:

• C-SPAN  will carry the entire convention uninterrupted for all four days.
• CBS News ' primetime coverage of the convention will air Monday through Thursday from 8-11 p.m. ET and be anchored by "CBS Evening News" anchor and managing editor Norah O'Donnell.
• ABC News will air one hour of primetime coverage from 10-11 p.m. ET on Monday and Tuesday, and two hours on Wednesday and Thursday, from 9-11 p.m. ET. ABC News Live, the network's streaming news channel, will stream primetime coverage from 7 p.m.-midnight all four days.
• Fox News will present a nightly hourlong special titled "Fox News Democracy 2024: The Democratic National Convention" each day Monday through Thursday at 10 p.m. ET, co-anchored by Bret Baier and Martha MacCallum.
• CNN will provide nearly 24/7 live on-air coverage of the DNC, including special live coverage each night from 8 p.m.-midnight ET with "CNN Democratic National Convention."
• NewsNation will have special primetime coverage entitled "Decision Desk 2024: The Democratic National Convention," which will air each day from 8 p.m.-midnight ET. It will be co-anchored by Chris Cuomo, Elizabeth Vargas and Leland Vittert.
• NBC News will stream the convention on its streaming platform, NBC News Now, as part of its "Decision 2024" broadcast. Coverage will air from 10-11 p.m. Monday and Tuesday, and 9-11 p.m. Wednesday and Thursday, and will be led by Lester Holt and Savannah Guthrie, according to the New York Times .
• MSNBC will air special coverage from 8 p.m. to midnight each night and will also livestream all four days of the convention on its YouTube channel, the New York Times reports.

Keeping up with Election 2024? Sign up for USA TODAY's On Politics newsletter.

Full 2024 DNC schedule

Here's a look at the full schedule for the 2024 DNC by day.

Note: All times listed are in Central Time.

Monday, August 19

• 7 a.m.-9:30 a.m.: Delegation breakfasts
• 9 a.m.-10a.m.: Morning press briefing
• 9:30 a.m.-11:30 a.m.: Black Caucus meeting
• 9:30 a.m.-11:30 a.m.: Hispanic Caucus meeting
• 9:30 a.m.-11:30 a.m.: AAPI Caucus meeting
• 9:30 a.m.-11:30 a.m.: Native American Caucus meeting
• 9:30 a.m.-11:30 a.m.: Ethnic Council meeting
• 12 p.m.-1:30 p.m.: LGBTQ+ Caucus meeting
• 12 p.m.-1:30 p.m.: Small Business Council meeting
• 12 p.m.-1:30 p.m.: Labor Council meeting
• 1:45 p.m.-3:15 p.m.: Environmental & Climate Crisis Council meeting
• 5:30 p.m.-10 p.m.: Main programming

Tuesday, August 20

• 9:30 a.m.-11:30 a.m.: Women's Caucus meeting
• 12 p.m.-1:30 p.m.: Disability Caucus meeting
• 12 p.m.-1:30 p.m.: Youth Council meeting
• 12 p.m.-1:30 p.m.: Rural Council meeting
• 1:45 p.m.-3:15 p.m.: Veterans & Military Families Council meeting
• 1:45 p.m.-3:15 p.m.: Poverty Council meeting
• 1:45 p.m.-3:15 p.m.: Interfaith Council meeting
• 6 p.m.-10 p.m.: Main programming

Wednesday, August 21

• 1:45 p.m.-3:15 p.m.: Seniors Council meeting

Thursday, August 22

Gabe Hauari is a national trending news reporter at USA TODAY. You can follow him on X  @GabeHauari  or email him at [email protected].

LIVE UPDATES

Live: Updates from the 2024 Democratic National Convention in Chicago

We'll be back with live updates starting at 5 p.m. ET tonight!

The Democratic National Convention kicks off today in Chicago. NPR will be reporting live from the convention center each night, providing you updates here, along with live video each night and live special coverage Wednesday and Thursday night.

• 29 days: Democratic organizers have had to rework programming entirely for the DNC after President Biden dropped out of the race in late July and endorsed Vice President Harris to replace him on the ticket.
• Like with the RNC, each day of programming has a theme. Tonight's: “For the People”.
• As a result, President Biden is expected to speak tonight along with Chicago Mayor Brandon Johnson. Here's how to watch live each night .

The NPR Network will be reporting live from Chicago throughout the week bringing you the latest on the Democratic National Convention. For a daily update from the convention make sure to subscribe to the NPR Politics Podcast or head to NPR's full coverage of Election 2024.

We'll be back at 5 p.m. ET with more from Chicago

By Emily Alfin Johnson

L. Carol Ritchie

Until then, head to NPR's full coverage of Election 2024 for the latest.

One of the most memorable roll calls: In 2020, the pandemic forced the convention to go virtual

By Tamara Keith

At the last Democratic National Convention the COVID pandemic made holding a traditional convention nearly impossible. Instead, a representative of each state’s delegation announced their votes with a short video.

Rhode Island went viral:

State Rep. Joseph McNamara spoke from the beach next to a chef dressed in all black, holding up a large tray of fried calamari.

“The calamari comeback state of Rhode Island casts one vote for Bernie Sanders and 34 votes for the next president Joe Biden,” McNamara said with a strong Rhode Island accent.

But John Bordieri, the chef who came to be known as the “Calamari Ninja” won’t be back. He has said he is planning to vote for former President Donald Trump.

This year, the convention will hold a ceremonial roll call on Tuesday — Vice President Harris already officially became the Democratic nominee earlier this month in a virtual vote. Organizers say this year's roll call will use live shots and visual effects to involve party members from across the country — as well as the delegates in the traditional bedazzled hats and blazers on the convention floor.

Here's how many people will be in attendance at the DNC

By Jeongyoon Han

Nearly 50,000 visitors are expected to attend the convention, including about 4,000 delegates.

Democrats hope to present themselves as fully unified behind Harris and Walz after divisions in the party arose over Biden’s presidential bid in July following his disastrous debate performance against former President Donald Trump.

Chicago Mayor Brandon Johnson and Illinois Gov. JB Pritzker will welcome Democrats to the host city in speeches on Monday and Tuesday respectively.

The convention will stream events on Instagram, YouTube and TikTok as part of an effort to expand its reach to younger voters and online influencers.

Who we know will be at the DNC this week (so far)

In addition to the nominees, there are going to be some political heavyweights speaking , including:

• Former President Barack Obama
• Former President Bill Clinton
• Former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton
• Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer
• House Democratic Leader Hakeem Jeffries
• Second Gentleman Doug Emhoff

Additionally, Veep  actor Julia Louis-Dreyfus will host a panel with the Democratic Governors Association centered on female governors in the U.S.

Here's how to watch tonight's convention programming

Emily Alfin Johnson

Convention programming will be aired from the United Center in Chicago live from:

• 6:15 p.m. to 11 p.m. ET on Monday
• 7 p.m. to 11 p.m. ET Tuesday - Thursday

NPR will have live video each night in addition to our on-air coverage and analysis. The stream will be at the top of this page each night, so pop back here to watch along.

The convention will also be streaming events on Instagram, YouTube and TikTok as part of an effort to expand its reach to younger voters and online influencers.

On their way to the DNC: Harris and Walz campaign in Pennsylvania

By Asma Khalid

Lexie Schapitl

Vice President Kamala Harris and Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz campaigned in western Pennsylvania Sunday, making their pitch to voters in the key battleground state ahead of the Democratic National Convention.

The first stop on the Democrats’ “bus tour” was at a campaign field office in conservative Beaver County, where Harris and Walz participated in a phone bank. Former President Trump carried Beaver County  with nearly 60% of the vote in 2020.

Pennsylvania, which Trump won in 2016 and Biden in 2020, remains perhaps the state most coveted by both candidates. Trump and his running mate, JD Vance, will make campaign stops, separately, in York and Philadelphia on Monday.

The theme of this year's convention: “For the People, For Our Future.”

Democrats are going to argue that a Harris-Walz ticket is in the best interest of the American people and their freedoms and future, while putting the accomplishments of the Biden-Harris administration on display.

The Harris campaign will also contrast their ticket with Trump and his running mate, Ohio Sen. JD Vance, who they say would pull America backward.

The daily themes reflect that broader message:

• Monday: “For the People” 
• Tuesday: “A Bold Vision for America’s Future” 
• Wednesday: “A Fight for Our Freedoms” 
• Thursday: “For Our Future”

Organizers had 29 days to reimagine the convention for a new nominee

When President Biden pulled out of the race in late July , it kicked off a sprint to remake four days of speeches, sentimental videos and other programming for the Democratic National Convention — programming that had all been revolving around him.

“It’s a convention planner’s nightmare,” said Erik Smith with a laugh. Smith was the creative director for the 2008, 2012 and 2016 Democratic conventions.

On the day Harris secured the nomination, Democratic National Committee Chairman Jaime Harrison was in front of a webcam at the United Center in Chicago. The arena floor behind him looked like a construction site.

“The stage is quite literally being set and being built right now,” Harrison said during a livestream announcing Harris’ milestone.

That stage was designed long ago. And it is one of the big things – along with security preparations and other logistics – that didn’t change with the nominee swap.

But what’s being said up on that stage did have to change.

Suggestions or feedback?

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Arvind, longtime MIT professor and prolific computer scientist, dies at 77

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Arvind Mithal, the Charles W. and Jennifer C. Johnson Professor in Computer Science and Engineering at MIT, head of the faculty of computer science in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), and a pillar of the MIT community, died on June 17. Arvind, who went by the mononym, was 77 years old.

A prolific researcher who led the Computation Structures Group in the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), Arvind served on the MIT faculty for nearly five decades.

“He was beloved by countless people across the MIT community and around the world who were inspired by his intellectual brilliance and zest for life,” President Sally Kornbluth wrote in a letter to the MIT community today.

As a scientist, Arvind was well known for important contributions to dataflow computing, which seeks to optimize the flow of data to take advantage of parallelism, achieving faster and more efficient computation.

In the last 25 years, his research interests broadened to include developing techniques and tools for formal modeling, high-level synthesis, and formal verification of complex digital devices like microprocessors and hardware accelerators, as well as memory models and cache coherence protocols for parallel computing architectures and programming languages.

Those who knew Arvind describe him as a rare individual whose interests and expertise ranged from high-level, theoretical formal systems all the way down through languages and compilers to the gates and structures of silicon hardware.

The applications of Arvind’s work are far-reaching, from  reducing the amount of energy and space required by data centers to  streamlining the design of more efficient multicore computer chips .

“Arvind was both a tremendous scholar in the fields of computer architecture and programming languages and a dedicated teacher, who brought systems-level thinking to our students. He was also an exceptional academic leader, often leading changes in curriculum and contributing to the Engineering Council in meaningful and impactful ways. I will greatly miss his sage advice and wisdom,” says Anantha Chandrakasan, chief innovation and strategy officer, dean of engineering, and the Vannevar Bush Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.

“Arvind’s positive energy, together with his hearty laugh, brightened so many people’s lives. He was an enduring source of wise counsel for colleagues and for generations of students. With his deep commitment to academic excellence, he not only transformed research in computer architecture and parallel computing but also brought that commitment to his role as head of the computer science faculty in the EECS department. He left a lasting impact on all of us who had the privilege of working with him,” says Dan Huttenlocher, dean of the MIT Schwarzman College of Computing and the Henry Ellis Warren Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.

Arvind developed an interest in parallel computing while he was a student at the Indian Institute of Technology in Kanpur, from which he received his bachelor’s degree in 1969. He earned a master’s degree and PhD in computer science in 1972 and 1973, respectively, from the University of Minnesota, where he studied operating systems and mathematical models of program behavior. He taught at the University of California at Irvine from 1974 to 1978 before joining the faculty at MIT.

At MIT, Arvind’s group studied parallel computing and declarative programming languages, and he led the development of two parallel computing languages, Id   and pH. He continued his work on these programming languages through the 1990s, publishing the book “Implicit Parallel Programming in pH”   with co-author R.S. Nikhil in 2001, the culmination of more than 20 years of research.

In addition to his research, Arvind was an important academic leader in EECS. He served as head of computer science faculty in the department and played a critical role in helping with the reorganization of EECS after the establishment of the MIT Schwarzman College of Computing.

“Arvind was a force of nature, larger than life in every sense. His relentless positivity, unwavering optimism, boundless generosity, and exceptional strength as a researcher was truly inspiring and left a profound mark on all who had the privilege of knowing him. I feel enormous gratitude for the light he brought into our lives and his fundamental impact on our community,” says Daniela Rus, the Andrew and Erna Viterbi Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and the director of CSAIL.

His work on dataflow and parallel computing led to the Monsoon project in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Arvind’s group, in collaboration with Motorola, built 16 dataflow computing machines and developed their associated software. One Monsoon dataflow machine is now in the  Computer History Museum in Mountain View, California.

Arvind’s focus shifted in the 1990s when, as he explained in a 2012 interview for the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), funding for research into parallel computing began to dry up.

“Microprocessors were getting so much faster that people thought they didn’t need it,” he recalled.

Instead, he began applying techniques his team had learned and developed for parallel programming to the principled design of digital hardware.

In addition to mentoring students and junior colleagues at MIT, Arvind also advised universities and governments in many countries on research in parallel programming and semiconductor design.

Based on his work on digital hardware design, Arvind founded Sandburst in 2000, a fabless manufacturing company for semiconductor chips. He served as the company’s president for two years before returning to the MIT faculty, while continuing as an advisor. Sandburst was later acquired by Broadcom.

Arvind and his students also developed Bluespec, a programming language designed to automate the design of chips. Building off this work, he co-founded the startup Bluespec, Inc., in 2003, to develop practical tools that help engineers streamline device design.

Over the past decade, he was dedicated to advancing undergraduate education at MIT by bringing modern design tools to courses 6.004 (Computation Structures) and 6.191 (Introduction to Deep Learning), and incorporating Minispec, a programming language that is closely related to Bluespec.

Arvind was honored for these and other contributions to data flow and multithread computing, and the development of tools for the high-level synthesis of hardware, with membership in the National Academy of Engineering in 2008 and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2012. He was also named a distinguished alumnus of IIT Kanpur, his undergraduate alma mater.

“Arvind was more than a pillar of the EECS community and a titan of computer science; he was a beloved colleague and a treasured friend. Those of us with the remarkable good fortune to work and collaborate with Arvind are devastated by his sudden loss. His kindness and joviality were unwavering; his mentorship was thoughtful and well-considered; his guidance was priceless. We will miss Arvind deeply,” says Asu Ozdaglar, deputy dean of the MIT Schwarzman College of Computing and head of EECS.

Among numerous other awards, including membership in the Indian National Academy of Sciences and fellowship in the Association for Computing Machinery and IEEE, he received the Harry H. Goode Memorial Award from IEEE in 2012, which honors significant contributions to theory or practice in the information processing field.

A humble scientist, Arvind was the first to point out that these achievements were only possible because of his outstanding and brilliant collaborators. Chief among those collaborators were the undergraduate and graduate students he felt fortunate to work with at MIT. He maintained excellent relationships with them both professionally and personally, and valued these relationships more than the work they did together, according to family members.

In summing up the key to his scientific success, Arvind put it this way in the 2012 IEEE interview: “Really, one has to do what one believes in. I think the level at which most of us work, it is not sustainable if you don’t enjoy it on a day-to-day basis. You can’t work on it just because of the results. You have to work on it because you say, ‘I have to know the answer to this,’” he said.

He is survived by his wife, Gita Singh Mithal, their two sons Divakar ’01 and Prabhakar ’04, their wives Leena and Nisha, and two grandchildren, Maya and Vikram. 

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