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Title | Case Study Research: Design and Methods |
Author | |
Edition | 2, illustrated, reprint, revised |
Publisher | SAGE Publications, 1994 |
Original from | the University of Michigan |
Digitized | Aug 23, 2010 |
ISBN | 0803956630, 9780803956636 |
Length | 170 pages |
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Yin Case Study Research Design and Methods
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How can ecological product value realization sustainably enhance the well-being of farmers a case study of xingyuan village in china, 1. introduction, 2. literature review, 3. materials and methods, 3.1. study site, 3.2. methods, 3.2.1. semistructured interviews, 3.2.2. non-participatory observation, 3.2.3. document analysis, 3.3. data analysis, 4.1. overview of the xingyuan village, 4.2. mechanisms for promoting farmers’ well-being through epvr, 4.3. economic efficiency in epvr.
Based on the collateralization of carbon sequestration rights, we applied for the first provincial credit from the County Rural Credit Cooperative Union, with a credit line of two million yuan (USD 275,114). The initial credit utilization was 500,000 yuan (USD 68,778), earmarked for the construction of 10 mushroom greenhouses. Each greenhouse generates an annual rental income of 50,000 yuan (USD 6877), contributing 5000 yuan (USD 687) per year to the village’s financial revenue. (Interview on 1 December 2023)
In the process of exploring the path to realizing the value of ecological products, our village’s collective economy has experienced rapid development. In 2017, the collective economic income was less than 100,000 yuan (USD 13,755), and by 2020, it had grown to 372,000 yuan (USD 51,171). In 2021, it reached 633,800 yuan (USD 87,183), and in 2022, it reached 726,000 yuan (USD 99,866). (Interview on 1 December 2023)
4.4. Social Equity in EPVR
Through cooperation with the “Forest Ecological Bank”, the collective income from village forestland increased from 13,500 yuan (USD 1857) per square kilometer per year to 45,000 yuan (USD 6190) per square kilometer per year. For forest farmers, the income from forestland per square kilometer increased from 31,500 yuan (USD 4333) per year to 105,000 yuan (USD 14,443) per year. In a single logging period, the collective income of the village increased by 324,450 yuan (USD 44,630) and the income for all shareholders increased by 757,050 yuan (USD 104,137). (Interview on 8 August 2023)
… the mushroom cultivation industry generates additional income of 40,000 yuan (USD 55,502) to 60,000 yuan (USD 8253) per greenhouse per year for the villagers and 1.2 million yuan (USD 16,506) in revenue for the participating enterprises. These green industries provide numerous employment opportunities for villagers. A total of 260 villagers were employed with an income of 1.3 million yuan (USD 17,882) in 2020, 258 villagers were employed with an income of 1.25 million yuan (USD 17,194) in 2021, and 280 villagers were employed with an income of 1.38 million yuan (USD 18,982) in 2022.
4.5. Environmental Protection in EPVR
The Forest Carbon Offset project should not only focus on the employment and livelihood needs of forest farmers but also continuously carry out forest protection. Development should not be sought at the expense of forest destruction. Our practice effectively balances this issue. (Interview on 8 August 2023)
4.6. Governance Capacity in EPVR
Forest farmers voluntarily participate in equity, forming a community of shared interests, and the awareness of “everyone is a shareholder” has significantly strengthened. The enthusiasm of the vast number of forest farmers for forest protection has been fully mobilized. (Interview on 27 November 2023)
In the past, there were many conflicts at the village level. Through the active participation of various forest farmers in the Forest Carbon Offset Project, everyone is now striving to become “forest guardians” and “firefighters”. Our community has become safer and more stable. (Interview on 27 November 2023)
5. Discussion
6. conclusions, author contributions, informed consent statement, data availability statement, acknowledgments, conflicts of interest.
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Click here to enlarge figure
Dimensions of Sustainable Development | Indicators | Before the EPVR | After the EPVR |
---|
Economic Efficiency | Development of Ecological Industrialization | The primary mode of operation is dispersed management of mountain forests, with lagging development in ecological industries. | The “One Yuan Carbon Sink” project involves funds totaling $114,848, while the annual output value of edible mushroom greenhouses is nearly $441,670. |
Rural Collective Economy | Year 2017 | Year 2020 | Year 2021 | Year 2022 |
$13,755 | $51,171 | $87,183 | $99,866 |
Social Equity | Per Capita Annual Income | Year 2017 | Year 2020 | Year 2021 | Year 2022 |
$1042 | $2001 | $2317 | $2526 |
Number of Employed Villagers | Year 2017 | Year 2020 | Year 2021 | Year 2022 |
45 | 260 | 258 | 280 |
Environmental Protection | Sustainable Ecological Conservation | Extensive deforestation is causing damage to the stability of the ecosystem. The forest coverage rate is only 80%. | Centralized management of the 6.1 square kilometers of forest land, aiming at strengthening the cultivation and protection of forest resources. The centralized management rate of forest land resources has reached 100%. After EPVR policy, the forest coverage rate has reached 90%, much higher than the county average of 80.55% where the case village is located. |
Reasonable Utilization of Resources | Ecological resources are fragmented. Each household has only approximately 0.2 hectares of forest land, and the rate of forest land abandonment due to lack of management has reached 43%. |
Governance Capacity | Involvement of Villagers | Farmers’ participation in village public affairs is relatively low. The proportion of households joining the cooperative is less than 10%. | Farmers, as shareholders of the “Forest Ecological Bank”, are both participants and beneficiaries. The proportion of households joining the ecological bank has reached 90%. |
Grassroots Governance Capacity | The level of social capital participation is low, and grassroots governance capacity is weak. | The grassroots government, social capital, village collectives, and villagers collectively participate in the process of EPVR. The village collective use a loan of 3,896,500 yuan (USD 536,043) from the “Forest Ecological Bank” to achieve collective action, such as scaling up mushroom cultivation by villagers, through the provision of technology and funding. |
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Du, Y.; Wang, J.; Li, J. How Can Ecological Product Value Realization Sustainably Enhance the Well-Being of Farmers? A Case Study of Xingyuan Village in China. Forests 2024 , 15 , 1457. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081457
Du Y, Wang J, Li J. How Can Ecological Product Value Realization Sustainably Enhance the Well-Being of Farmers? A Case Study of Xingyuan Village in China. Forests . 2024; 15(8):1457. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081457
Du, Yanqiang, Jiying Wang, and Juankun Li. 2024. "How Can Ecological Product Value Realization Sustainably Enhance the Well-Being of Farmers? A Case Study of Xingyuan Village in China" Forests 15, no. 8: 1457. https://doi.org/10.3390/f15081457
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A New Method to Estimate and Predict the Variation of Dry Friction Coefficient in Ultra-Long Distance Rock Pipe Jacking: A Case Study in Guanjingkou
- Original Paper
- Published: 18 August 2024
Cite this article
- Chao Li 1 , 2 ,
- Xinrong Liu ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-2532-4709 2 , 3 , 4 ,
- Zuliang Zhong 2 , 3 , 4 ,
- Xiaohan Zhou 2 , 3 , 4 &
- Nanyun Wang 2 , 3 , 4
Non-lubricated jacking will be predominantly employed to achieve cost reduction and efficiency during the initial stages of rock pipe jacking. However, a lack of comprehensive scientific understanding regarding dry friction characteristics may significantly elevate the probability of major engineering accidents. The pivotal determinant for these characteristics lies in the dynamic friction coefficient, which inevitably undergoes substantial variations due to changes in jacking distance, speed, and pipe weight. Therefore, in this work, a developed dynamic friction coefficient prediction model with a correlation between the shear velocity (representing the speed of pipe jacking), test times (indicating the distance covered during pipe jacking), and normal pressure (reflecting variations in pipe jacking weight) have been proposed. The results consistently demonstrate that the order of grey relational degree for the test numbers, shear velocity, and normal pressure is determined as V < N t < F n . When the jacking distance is less than 25 m (500 tests), the dynamic friction coefficient ranges from 0.412 to 0.453; and when exceeding 500 tests, it can be considered that the dynamic friction coefficient stabilizes at approximately 0.404 with negligible variation. In addition, considering the variable dynamic friction coefficient allows for a more precise evaluation of the jacking force, providing a crucial scientific foundation for cost reduction and efficiency engineering development.
The dynamic friction coefficient prediction model (DFPM) has been established.
The grey relational order of the 3TI factors has been determined as V< Nt< Fn.
The DFPM with shear velocity, test times and normal force has been analyzed.
The DFPM with jacking speed, distance and pipe weight has been established.
The reliability of DFPM has been finally validated.
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Acknowledgements
This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundations for Young Scientists of China (52208391 and 52104076). Doctoral Foundation Project of Guizhou University (2021-78).
This work is funded by National Natural Science Foundations for Young Scientists of China (52208391, Chao Li, 52104076, Xiaohan Zhou), Doctoral Foundation Project of Guizhou University (2021-78, Chao Li).
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State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
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National Joint Engineering Research Center of Geohazards Prevention in the Reservoir Areas, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
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Chao Li: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, and writing—original draft. Xinrong Liu: conceptualization and methodology. Zuliang Zhong: conceptualization, supervision, and visualization. Xiaohan Zhou: conceptualization, supervision, and visualization. Nanyun Wang: visualization, writing—review and editing.
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Li, C., Liu, X., Zhong, Z. et al. A New Method to Estimate and Predict the Variation of Dry Friction Coefficient in Ultra-Long Distance Rock Pipe Jacking: A Case Study in Guanjingkou. Rock Mech Rock Eng (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-024-04019-w
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Robert K. Yin's Case Study Research Design and Methods (2014) is currently in its fifth edition and continues to be a seminal text for researchers and students engaged in case study research.
a case study method. In essence, Yin views the goal of case studies as understanding complex social phenomena, and real-life events such as organizational and managerial processes. He puts it— in a nutshell— as follows: "1. A case study is an empirical inquiry • that investigates a contemporary phenomenon in depth and within its real-life ...
Case study research : design and methods by Yin, Robert K. Publication date 2014 Topics Case method, Social sciences -- Research -- Methodology Publisher Los Angeles : SAGE Collection internetarchivebooks; printdisabled; inlibrary Contributor Internet Archive Language English
Providing a complete portal to the world of case study research, the Fourth Edition of Robert K. Yin's bestselling text Case Study Research offers comprehensive coverage of the design and use of the case study method as a valid research tool. This thoroughly revised text now covers more than 50 case studies (approximately 25% new), gives fresh attention to quantitative analyses, discusses ...
Recognized as one of the most cited methodology books in the social sciences, the Sixth Edition of Robert K. Yin's bestselling text provides a complete portal to the world of case study research. With the integration of 11 applications in this edition, the book gives readers access to exemplary case studies drawn from a wide variety of academic and applied fields.
Case study research : design and methods by Yin, Robert K. Publication date 1994 Topics Case method, Social sciences -- Research -- Methodology Publisher Thousand Oaks : Sage Publications Collection internetarchivebooks; inlibrary; printdisabled Contributor Internet Archive Language
Recognized as one of the most cited methodology books in the social sciences, the Sixth Edition of Robert K. Yin's bestselling text provides a complete portal to the world of case study research. With the integration of 11 applications in this edition, the book gives readers access to exemplary case studies drawn from a wide variety of academic ...
The Sixth Edition of Robert K. Yin's bestseller provides a complete portal to the world of case study research. Offering comprehensive coverage of the design and use of the case study method in addition to an integration of applications, the book gives readers access to exemplary case studies drawn from a wide variety of academic and applied fields.
This new edition of the best-selling Case Study Research has been carefully revised, updated, and expanded while retaining virtually all of the features and coverage of the Second Edition. Robert Yin's comprehensive presentation covers all aspects of the case study method--from problem definition, design, and data collection, to data analysis and composition and reporting.
This new edition of the best-selling Case Study Research has been carefully revised, updated, and expanded while retaining virtually all of the features and coverage of the Second Edition.Robert Yin′s comprehensive presentation covers all aspects of the case study method--from problem definition, design, and data collection, to data analysis and composition and reporting.
Providing a complete portal to the world of case study research, the Fifth Edition of Robert K. Yin's bestselling text offers comprehensive coverage of the design and use of the case study method as a valid research tool. The book offers a clear definition of the case study method as well as discussion of design and analysis techniques.
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Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. 282 pages. (ISBN 978-1-4522-4256-9). Reviewed by Trista Hollweck, University of Ottawa Robert K. Yin's Case Study Research Design and Methods (2014) is currently in its fifth edition and continues to be a seminal text for researchers and students engaged in case study research.
Case study research : design and methods by Yin, Robert K. Publication date 1994 Topics Case method, Social sciences -- Research -- Methodology Publisher Thousand Oaks : Sage Publications Collection internetarchivebooks; printdisabled; inlibrary Contributor Internet Archive Language
This third edition of Robert Yin's Case Study Research: Designs and Methods updates and slightly expands earlier editions of the book. The new edition retains much of what made the first two best-selling research methods books, includes new analytic strategies, and explains in greater detail the strengths of different types of case study research.
Recognized as one of the most cited methodology books in the social sciences, the Sixth Edition of Robert K. Yin′s bestselling text provides a complete portal to the world of case study research. With the integration of 11 applications in this edition, the book gives readers access to exemplary case studies drawn from a wide variety of academic and applied fields.
nfinished business that goes beyond this sixth edition. Three topics especially deserve your attention: (1) the role of plausible rival explanations, (2) case-based compared with variable-based approaches to designing and conducting case study research, and (3) the relationsh. p between case study research.
All sellers ». Case Study Research: Design and Methods. Robert K. Yin. SAGE Publications, Mar 18, 1994- Reference- 170 pages. This best-selling book focuses on case study design and analysis as a distinct research tool with wide applicability. It has now been carefully revised, updated, and expanded to include a discussion of the debate in ...
Case Study Research: Design and Methods Fourth Edition provides the researcher with definitive resource on Yin's approach to case study research. The fifth in a series of 51 titles in the Applied Social Research Methods Series by Sage Publications, Case Study Research: Design and Methods Fourth Edition is a must for all case study researchers.
Three Approaches to Case Study Methods in Education: Yin, Merriam, and Stake . Bedrettin Yazan . University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama . Case study methodology has long been a contestedterrain in social sciences research which is characterized by varying, sometimes opposing, approaches espoused by many research methodologists.
1. question: case studies most useful for answering how, why. 2. propositions, if any to help problematize your question (e.g., organizations collaborate because they derive mutual benefit). 3. units of analysis (a neighborhood or a small group; a new technology or an innovation process?)
Case study research by Robert K. Yin. Publication date 2009 Topics Case method, Social sciences -- Research -- Methodology Publisher Sage Publications Collection internetarchivebooks; printdisabled; inlibrary Contributor Internet Archive Language English
Providing a complete portal to the world of case study research, the Fourth Edition of Robert K. Yin's bestselling text Case Study Research offers comprehensive coverage of the design and use of the case study method as a valid research tool. This thoroughly revised text now covers more than 50 case studies (approximately 25% new), gives fresh attention to quantitative analyses, discusses ...
The case study method is an empirical research approach that investigates and analyzes a phenomenon or a specific problem in the real world, ... Yin, R.K. Case Study Research: Design and Methods; SAGE: Thousand Oaks, CA, USA, 2014. [Google Scholar] Eisenhardt, K.M. Building theories from case-study research.
Herein, we adopt the calculation methods from Yin et al. (2018) who have demonstrated efficacy in the study area: (3) (4) where σ H denotes the maximum horizontal principal stress (MPa), σ h represents the minimum horizontal principal stress (MPa), μ s signifies the Poisson ratio of rocks, P p stands for the formation pore pressure (MPa), α ...
International Society for Rock Mechanics suggested method for determining the basic friction angle is shown in Fig. 2a-d (Alejano et al. 2018; Tang et al. 2021). All the tilt tests presented in this study were carried out on three-core method, as described in Fig. 2c, presenting "l/d" ratios equal to 2.6 and "d" not lower than 50 mm.