cambridge phd political science

Graduate Program

Pushing the Scholarly Frontier

PhD in Political Science

Our doctoral students are advancing political science as a discipline. They explore the empirical phenomena that produce new scholarly insights—insights that improve the way governments and societies function. As a result, MIT Political Science graduates are sought after for top teaching and research positions in the U.S. and abroad. Read where program alumni are working around the world.

How the PhD program works

The MIT PhD in Political Science requires preparation in two of these major fields:

• American Politics
• Comparative Politics
• International Relations
• Models and Methods
• Political Economy
• Security Studies

We recommend that you take a broad array of courses across your two major fields. In some cases, a single course may overlap across the subject matter of both fields. You may not use more than one such course to "double count" for the course distribution requirement. Keep in mind that specific fields may have additional requirements.

You are free to take subjects in other departments across the Institute. Cross-registration arrangements also permit enrollment in subjects taught in the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences at Harvard University and in some of Harvard's other graduate schools.

Requirements

1. number of subjects.

You will need two full academic years of work to prepare for the general examinations and to meet other pre-dissertation requirements. Typically, a minimum of eight graduate subjects are required for a PhD.

2. Scope and Methods

This required one-semester seminar for first-year students introduces principles of empirical and theoretical analysis in political science.

3. Statistics

You must successfully complete at least one class in statistics.

You must successfully complete at least one class in empirical research methods.

5. Philosophy

You must successfully complete at least one class in political philosophy.

6. Foreign language or advanced statistics

You must demonstrate reading proficiency in one language other than English by successfully completing two semesters of intermediate-level coursework or an exam in that language, or you must demonstrate your knowledge of advanced statistics by successfully completing three semesters of coursework in advanced statistics. International students whose native language is not English are not subject to the language requirement.

7. Field research

We encourage you to conduct field research and to develop close working ties with faculty members engaged in major research activities.

8. Second Year Paper/workshop

You must complete an article-length research paper and related workshop in the spring semester of the second year. The second-year paper often develops into a dissertation project.

9. Two examinations

In each of your two elected fields, you must take a general written and oral examination. To prepare for these examinations, you should take at least three courses in each of the two fields, including the field seminar.

10. Doctoral thesis

As a rule, the doctoral thesis requires at least one year of original research and data collection. Writing the dissertation usually takes a substantially longer time. The thesis process includes a first and second colloquium and an oral defense. Be sure to consult the MIT Specifications for Thesis Preparation as well as the MIT Political Science Thesis Guidelines . Consult the MIT academic calendar to learn the due date for final submission of your defended, signed thesis.

Questions? Consult the MIT Political Science Departmental Handbook or a member of the staff in the MIT Political Science Graduate Office .

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World-class resources. Ground-breaking research. A wide range of fields and methodologie s. Welcome to the Department of Government.

Harvard University’s Department of Government is home to a vibrant and diverse intellectual community of political science scholars, researchers, visionaries, leaders, and changemakers. Our dedication to excellence and our strength in teaching and research in all fields of political science is reflected in both our faculty and our curriculum.

Harvard University is a world leader in the study and scholarship in political science.  The University’s Department of Government programs of study include:

• American Politics
• Comparative Politics  
• International Relations  
• Political Thought and its History
• Quantitative Methodology
• Formal Theory

Our programs of study represent a broad and changing spectrum of interests and approaches.  

We combine innovation and excellence in teaching and research to deliver an intellectually robust, diverse, and flexible political studies graduate program.  It’s a department where scholars of all backgrounds and interests thrive. Graduates go on to careers at leading academic institutions, companies, government agencies, and non-profits.

Prospective Graduate Students Current Graduate Students Programs Of Study Phd Placements Program Contacts

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Phd degree: politics and international studies.

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Key information

Home student fees (full-time) : £4,860 per year Home student fees (part-time) : £2,430 per year Overseas student fees (full-time) : £22,490 per year Overseas student fees (part-time) : £11,245 per year

Please note that fees go up each year.   See  research fees  for further details.

We normally require a 2.1 bachelor's degree (or its equivalent) plus a Merit-level Masters degree in Political Science or a related discipline. We also require a minimum of one reference. In exceptional cases we may accept applicants who do not meet these criteria if they show evidence of a strong Masters degree and/or appropriate level of relevant work experience. International applicants should also see  Doctoral School English language requirements

Course overview

The primary aim of the PhD programme is to train students to design, research and write a successful doctoral thesis.

Those who have completed the doctorate will be familiar with the conceptual and methodological aspects of political research and qualified as experts in their field.

To be considered for entry into the PhD programme, applicants must possess a good advanced degree in Politics equivalent in level and content to the Department's MSc, although applications from individuals with related degrees in cognate disciplines will also be considered  Guidelines for research proposals .

Admission takes place on a rolling basis. The application cycle opens in November and closes on 30 June for entry in October. Applicants also wishing to be considered for a SOAS scholarship or an ESRC studentship should refer to the  research scholarships  information for the deadlines.

Why study PhD Degree Politics and International Studies at SOAS?

• We’re ranked 5th in the UK and 17th worldwide for Politics (QS World University Rankings 2023).
• We're ranked 3rd globally for academic reputation (QS World University Rankings 2022).

Recently Completed PhD Dissertations in the Department

• Maria Ambrozy, ‘Interrogating Education Policymaking in the Rwandan Developmental State: The Politics of Changing the Language of Instruction and the Higher Education Merger’ (Phil Clark)
• Sheenah Kaliisa, ‘Opening Borders: The African Passport, Free Movement of Persons and the Integration of States’ (Phil Clark)
• Hangwei Li, ‘Global China, African Agency and the Prism of Soft Power: Media Interaction and Newsroom Politics Between China and Africa’ (Stephen Chan)
• Moudwe Daga, ‘Identity, Belonging and State Formation in Chad’ ( Professor Julia Gallagher )
• Calum Fisher, ‘Doing Democracy in Malawi: MPs and Their Constituencies’ ( Dr Alastair Fraser )
• Anna Evelyn Kensicki, ‘Jerusalem Narratives: A Phenomenological Analysis of Space and Time in 21st Century Conflict’, ( Dr Hagar Kottef )
• Dwi Kiswanto, ‘Centre-Periphery Relations: The Politics of Fiscal Transfers in Indonesia’ ( Dr Michael Buehler )
• Leon Kunz, ‘Deliberative Democracy in Social Movements in Taiwan and Hong Kong’ ( Professor Julia Strauss )
• Magsud Mammadov, ‘The State Selfie in International Politics: Ontological Insecurity, Role Making, and Nation Branding in the case of Azerbaijan, 2008-2018’ ( Dr Bhavna Dave )

The PhD programme at SOAS follows a three-year model, with the possibility to extend into a fourth year. The programme consists of research training and coursework in the first year, after which Doctoral Researchers must pass an upgrade from MPhil to PhD status through submission of an ‘Upgrade Paper’, examined by a viva exam.

This is followed by primary research/fieldwork undertaken in the second year, and the writing up of their thesis in the subsequent year. Doctoral Researchers should aim to be ready for submission by the end of the third year and must submit by the end of the fourth year at the latest.

Research training year 1

Doctoral Researchers are expected to upgrade from MPhil to PhD status within 12 months of their registration. Progression requires successful completion of the Department’s training programme consisting of:

• Politics MPhil Methods course (terms one and two);
• an Upgrade Paper Workshop (term two); and
• participation in the MPhil Research Projects Conference (term three).

Doctoral Researchers also have the opportunity to take an additional course in quantitative methods (term two). Students will produce an upgrade paper that forms the basis of a viva, which has to pass to gain PhD status. In addition to the Department’s own training, the SOAS Doctoral School offers two complementary courses for all SOAS Doctoral Researchers:

• Research Project Management (term one), and
• Technology-Enhanced Research (term 2).

Fieldwork procedure

For Doctoral Researchers who undertake fieldwork, most will generally conduct such activity in their second year. A maximum of three terms’ fieldwork is usually permitted in a full-time PhD programme. Fieldwork of longer than 12 months has to be approved by the SOAS Pro-Director for Research and Enterprise.

Training beyond year 1

Throughout the process of research design, fieldwork, and writing, Doctoral Researchers are expected to maintain regular contact with their supervisors.  Writing the dissertation is the student’s work alone, supported by regular meetings with the supervisor(s) and participating in a write-up seminar for advanced PhD students.

The Department strongly encourages Doctoral Researchers to participate in workshops offered outside SOAS and to attend and present at conferences organised by the major research associations in their field (some limited funding available).

Graduate Teaching Assistant

Teaching is an important part of doctoral training for PhD Doctoral Researchers considering an academic career. The Department aims to offer advanced Doctoral Researchers the possibility to work as a Graduate Teaching Assistant (GTA) on one of the courses offered in the Department for a maximum of two years.

Duties involve seminar teaching, holding office hours, and marking. Doctoral Researchers taking on the responsibility of a GTA post are expected to have completed a GTA training module offered by the Doctoral School, typically in October.

Teaching and learning

The primary building block of the PhD programme is the relationship between student and supervisor. Students are admitted on the basis of the expressed willingness of at least one member of staff to serve as the main supervisor for the student's project. 

From the student's entry in the programme, the supervisor assumes primary responsibility for monitoring and supporting the student’s progress towards the completion of the degree. Every research student also has an associate supervisor, another member of staff with a close interest in the student’s region and/or sub-field of the discipline. The Department’s research tutor oversees the PhD programme and is available for discussing general problems.

In addition to the training programme noted above, they may attend an MSc course relevant to their research. Research students are also encouraged to participate in the Department seminars, where invited scholars from other institutions give presentations, and they have access to many other seminars and lectures held throughout SOAS.

Language training

The School’s language training facilities are also available for students to develop or improve research-relevant language skills. Since 2012, research students have exclusive access to the facilities and services offered by SOAS’ Doctoral School.

Most PhD students spend some time doing fieldwork in the regions of their research. The Department and the School, through their various connections with individuals and institutions in the universities and governments of Asia, Africa and the Middle East, facilitate this work with personal contacts and introductions as well as (limited) funding.

For more information about the PhD programme in the Department of Politics and International Studies, see the MPHIL/PHD research handbook.

PDF document, 455.33KB

Important notice

The information on the website reflects the intended programme structure against the given academic session. The modules are indicative options of the content students can expect and are/have been previously taught as part of these programmes.

However, this information is published a long time in advance of enrolment and module content and availability is subject to change. 

Scholarships

Fees and funding

Fees for 2023/24 entrants per academic year.

Please note that fees go up each year.

See  research fees  for further details.

In the last REF cycle (2014-2020), about a quarter of our PhD graduates embarked on successful academic careers, taking up positions in universities in the UK and across the world, including the LSE, University of Cambridge, University of Birmingham, Queen Mary University of London, Lahore University of Management Sciences, the American University in Beirut, Korea University, Abu Dhabi University, Sabanci University, the American University of Sulaymaniyah, University of Freiburg, Sciences Po, Leiden, and the Leibniz Zentrum Moderner Orient in Berlin.

Many of our PhDs have found employment in non-academic institutions ,  including the   Crisis Management Initiative, the Open Society Foundation, the Institute for Druze Studies in Haifa (Israel), the Institute for Security Studies in Dakar (Senegal), the Centre for Alternative Policy Research and Innovation in Freetown (Sierra Leone), the Centre for Policy Research in Delhi (India) and the Centre for International Digital Policy at Global Affairs Canada. Other PhD graduates have gone on to work as foreign-policy officials in the UK, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Nigeria, South Korea and Egypt

SOAS Voices

The Indian election: Is it still the world's largest democracy?

A SOAS student writes about the 2024 Indian election and its implications for democracy. The blog is based on an interview with Dr Simona Vittorini and the politics course 'Democracy and Authoritarianism in India'.

The year of the big vote: Do we have the world leaders we need?

More than 2 billion people in 50 countries will be invited to vote in 2024. Saleeta Akbar reports on what was discussed during latest Director’s Lecture Series on the year of the big vote.

How studying Middle East Politics helped my career as a BBC journalist

Layla Bashar Al-Kloub spoke to us about her time studying at SOAS as a Chevening Scholar, how it helped her career and what she’d advise aspiring journalists.

My study abroad experience in Jordan

Zainab reflects on her year abroad, sharing her favourite memories of travelling and how immersing herself in life in Jordan improved her confidence and language skills.

Careers: SOAS helped develop my worldview towards life and people

Dr Feroza Sanjana used her MA in International Studies and Diplomacy to deepen her knowledge of the institutions, politics and processes that underlie many of the global challenges her work now seeks to change. 

Careers: "As a High Commissioner no two days are the same!"

Having grown up in a multi-cultural family in the UAE, Omar Daair knew he wanted his future career to have an international angle. Discover how his studies at lead him to his role of High Commissioner to Rwanda.

PACT project

A ground-breaking multi-disciplinary research collaboration, PACT will create an advanced digital platform on the making of the Indian constitution (1950), one of the most influential in the global South.

Intergenerational Justice in Eastern Africa

This research will explore intergenerational justice across the social sciences and humanities.

Reframing Justice after Atrocity

Through historical and modern case studies in Latin America, Europe and Africa and the new conceptual framework of “arenas of accountability”, this project examines justice interactions that go beyond the linear international-to-national transmission of norms and practices.

Civic Infrastructures of Torture

The project is based on exclusive access this research team has been granted to the archive of PCATI, which documents torture practices implemented by Israeli security agencies.

Constitutional Transformation

Focusing on the making of the Indian Constitution, PACT aims to build an advanced digital platform that contextualizes the Indian Constituent Assembly debates (1946-49) within wider public debates on constitution-making.

Migration Governance and Diplomacy

This project investigates how migration governance has been influenced by “refugee crises” and how crises at large shape policy responses on migration.

Pan-African Frontiers and Identities

This multi-sited collaborative research project explores the diverse deployments of pan-Africanism as a geopolitical and policy framework both on the African continent and in the diaspora.

African State Architecture

Professor Julia Gallagher and a team of researchers lead the African State Architecture project funded by a major grant from the European Research Council.

Strategic Concept for Removal of Arms and Proliferation (SCRAP)

A comprehensive approach to realising global disarmament,

ACE: Innovative approaches to anti-corruption

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Quota Politics and Representation Gaps in Taiwan

This lecture presents how the women’s movement successfully campaigned to reform and adopt gender quotas in elections and non-electoral decision-making bodies such as government committees and commissions.

Becoming a ‘Competent Mistress’: Taiwanese Women Who Involved in Extramarital Intimacies

This lecture examines the increasing visibility and tolerance of non-conforming sexual practices in Taiwan, focusing on how women involved in extramarital sex navigate societal stigma and justify their actions.

#MeToo movement in Taiwan: Legal and public opinion battlegrounds, and the field of human nature

This lecture is about #MeToo Movement in Taiwan with the focus on legal and public opinion, and journalist Hung-Chin Chen's experiences of participating this movement.

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This lecture will offer an overview of single women and the law in Taiwan, highlighting both legal benefits and detriments, with a focus on the latter.

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This talk is based on Dr Ming-yeh T. Rawnsley's chapter in the forthcoming book, Routledge Handbook of Contemporary Taiwan, 2nd Edition.

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Related content

Department of Politics and International Studies

The Department provides expert grounding in the study of Politics and International Relations through deep engagement with the historical legacies, political realities, and international affairs of Asia, Africa, and the Middle East.

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BA Politics at SOAS University of London

SOAS Politics ranks 18th globally in latest QS rankings

In the latest QS World University Rankings, SOAS Politics has secured eighteenth position on the global stage for subjects, and fourth for exceptional academic reputation.

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Phd mphil politics and international studies.

1 in 9 applicants to this programme received an offer.

Data shown above is for entry in academic year 2021/22 (sources) .

Previous Years

Data sources.

• FOI Request by Albert Warren.
• FOI Request by Ash Rizwan. January 2017.
• FOI Request by Lai Yinsheung. August 2022.

The acceptance rate , or offer rate, represents the fraction of applicants who received an offer. Note that this will be generally lower the acceptances rates (acceptances divided by applicants) published by many other sources. This article explains it in more detail. The acceptances generally indicate the number of offer holders who accepted the offer and fulfilled its conditions. For some universities, however, it denotes the number of applicants who accepted the offer, regardless of whether they subsequently met its conditions.

Data Reliability

Unless otherwise noted, the data presented comes from the universities and is generally reliable. However, some of the differences between years and/or courses may be due to different counting methodologies or data gathering errors. This may especially be the case if there is a sharp difference from year to year. If the data does not look right, click the "Report" button located near the top of the page.

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The degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is the University's principal research degree for graduate students and is available in all faculties and departments.

A Cambridge PhD is intellectually demanding and you will need to have a high level of attainment and motivation to pursue this programme of advanced study and research.

In most faculties, a candidate is expected to have completed one year of postgraduate study, normally on a research preparation master's course, prior to starting a PhD.

Completion normally requires three or four years of full-time study, or at least five years of part-time study, including a probationary period.

Terms of research are normally consecutive and, for full-time students, require residency in Cambridge. Not all departments offer part-time research degrees.

Various routes to the PhD are possible and, if you are made an offer of admission, it will be made clear whether you are required to study for a master's degree or certificate in the first instance, or will be admitted directly to the probationary year for the PhD. You are registered for the PhD only after a satisfactory progress assessment at the end of the probationary year (five terms for part-time degrees). The assessment is designed also to focus your mind on the stages necessary for the completion of your research within the normal time limit and to address any structural problems that have arisen during the first year. Students must pass the first year assessment in order to continue their PhD study.

During your PhD, your effort will be focused on writing a dissertation. The word count of the dissertation is dependent on the department and the Student Registry or Educational Student Policy will be able to tell you the maximum word limit. This must represent a significant contribution to learning, for example through the discovery of new knowledge, the connection of previously unrelated facts, the development of a new theory, or the revision of older views, and must take account of previously published work on the subject. Some Cambridge dissertations go on to form the basis of significant publications.

Although you will spend long hours working independently, your department and College will both support you throughout your PhD. You are also able to attend regular seminars in your subject area and could be involved in teaching, perhaps giving seminars or supervising, or in the social life of your department and College.

PhD course search

Go to the Course Directory and filter courses using the relevant checkboxes.

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New Regius Professors appointed in the Faculty of Theology and Religion

His Majesty The King has approved the appointment of two new Regius Professorships in the Faculty of Theology and Religion at the University of Oxford.

Professor Luke Bretherton has been appointed as the new Canon and Regius Professor of Moral and Pastoral Theology at Christ Church, Oxford, in succession to The Reverend Canon Professor Nigel Biggar C.B.E. The Regius Professorship of Moral and Pastoral Theology was established by an Act of Parliament in 1840.

  The Revd Professor Andrew Davison has been appointed as the new Canon and Regius Professor of Divinity at Christ Church, Oxford, in succession to The Reverend Canon Professor Graham Ward. The Regius Professorship of Divinity, established by Henry VIII, is one of the oldest professorships at Oxford.

As Canon Professors, both appointees will serve as ordained Canons of the Cathedral, performing duties as Church of England priests. Professor Bretherton will also assume the role of Director of the McDonald Centre for Theology, Ethics, and Public Life.

Professor Luke Bretherton

After completing his PhD, Professor Bretherton was appointed as Director of Studies at St Augustine’s Theological College before moving back to King’s College London in 2004 where he became Reader in Theology and Politics. In 2012 he was appointed to Duke University as Associate Professor in Theological Ethics, becoming the Robert E Cushman Distinguished Professor of Moral and Political Theology in 2020. Additionally, he has been a Visiting Professor at St Mellitus Theological College since 2022. Professor Bretherton has an MA in History from Cambridge University and a PhD from the University of London in Moral Philosophy and Theology. Before beginning his undergraduate studies, he served a year in the British army, undertaking a short service limited commission in the  7th Parachute Regiment, Royal Horse Artillery . Prof. Bretherton will be made Deacon in June 2024 by the Bishop of London in a service at St Paul’s Cathedral.

Prof. Bretherton's work addresses critical topics including debt, populism, euthanasia, environmental justice, racism, humanitarianism, and church-state relations. He has received several grants, fellowships, and awards, including the Michael Ramsey Prize for Theological Writing. His media contributions include articles in The Guardian, The Times, and The Washington Post. He has also collaborated with various faith-based NGOs, mission agencies, and churches globally, and has actively engaged in grassroots democratic politics in both the UK and the US.

Professor Bretherton said: ‘I am delighted and daunted in equal measure to be invited to become the next Regius Professor in Moral and Pastoral Theology. The office integrates church and academy in a unique way and provides a platform to address the existentially urgent issues of the day. Alongside scholarly rigour and critical insight, I seek to bring to the demands of the post practical wisdom and an abiding commitment to forging just and generous forms of common life.’

Professor Andrew Davison

Prof. Davison's interdisciplinary expertise combines his background as a chemist and biochemist with his theological studies. He has an MA in Chemistry and a DPhil in Biochemistry from the University of Oxford and a second undergraduate degree and doctorate, in Divinity, from the University of Cambridge. Professor Davison trained for ministry at Westcott House, Cambridge. He served his title at St Dunstan, Bellingham in the Diocese of Southwark and was ordained Priest in 2004. In 2006 he was appointed Tutor and Fellow at St Stephens House and Junior Chaplain at Merton College Oxford. In 2010 he moved to Cambridge as a Tutor at Westcott House and in 2014 became a Lecturer in the University of Cambridge’s Faculty of Divinity and Fellow of Corpus Christi College where he was appointed Dean of Chapel in 2019. In 2023 he was given the title of Professor.

His recent collaborative efforts include projects on the origins of life and climate change, leading to the establishment of the Leverhulme Centre for Life in the Universe , and his collaboration with the Department of Engineering at Cambridge through his fellowship with the UK FIRES initiative.

Professor Davison said: ‘I am delighted to be returning to Oxford, as Regius Professor of Divinity, where my love of theology first blossomed, as an undergraduate in chemistry, and where I later began teaching. Oxford’s interdisciplinary and multi-faith Faculty of Theology and Religion stands at the heart of a British tradition of exploring, developing, and applying the Christian tradition that is admired the world over. The location of this Chair at Christ Church, as a residential canon of the cathedral, offer the integration the worlds of the university and the church, of research and prayer, that I have sought over my over my years as a teacher, writer, and priest.’

Professor William Wood, Chair of the Theology and Religion Faculty Board at the University of Oxford, said: ‘I am delighted that Professor Bretherton will be our new Regius Professor of Moral and Pastoral Theology, and equally delighted that Professor Davison will be our next Regius Professor of Divinity. These are two of our most venerable and important posts, and as Faculty Board Chair, it gives me great satisfaction to know that they will both be filled by candidates of such distinction. I look forward to working closely with Professors Bretherton and Davison for many years.’

Dan Grimley, Head of the Humanities Division at the University of Oxford, said: ‘I am delighted to welcome Professors Luke Bretherton and Andrew Davison as Regius Professors in the Faculty of Theology and Religion. These outstanding appointments demonstrate the faculty’s dedication to maintaining academic excellence and to addressing the moral and theological issues of the present day. I look forward very much to working closely alongside Luke and Andrew in their new roles.’

Vice-Chancellor of the University of Oxford, Professor Irene Tracey added:

‘These prestigious appointments reflect the faculty’s ongoing commitment to academic excellence and its dedication to addressing contemporary moral and theological challenges.’

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• > Journals
• > PS: Political Science & Politics
• > Volume 53 Issue 3
• > 2019 Dissertation List

Article contents

2019 dissertation list.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2020

APSA is pleased to include here the names of individuals who have completed their doctoral dissertations at political science departments in the United States during the 2019 calendar year. In order to provide the most accurate information possible, this list is based on data reported directly from departments.

Daniela Stevens, American University: Interest-Based Explanations of the Stringency of Carbon-Pricing Policies: Three Analytical Approaches

Puneet Bhasin, Brown University: Sustaining Financializations: Politics and Profits in the Financial Transformation of Economies

Poulomi Chakrabarti, Brown University: One Nation, Many Worlds: Varieties of Development Regimes in India

Ryan Emenaker, Brown University: Judicial Evaluation & Democracy: The Democratic Form of Judicial Review

Paul Gutierrez, Brown University: The Invisible Hand of the State: Corporation, Police, and Economy

Rajeev Kadambi, Brown University: Politics and the Spiritual: Reading Gandhian, Buddhist, and Humanist Ethical Traditions

William Kring, Brown University: Contesting the International Monetary Fund? Regional Battles for Global Liquidity

Jerome Marston, Brown University: To Stay or Flee? Displacement due to Gang Violence in Medellin, Colombia

Rebecca Bell Martin, Brown University: The Politics of Violence: Empathy and Action During Conflict

Rachel Meade, Brown University: The People Against the Elites: Populist Identity in the US and Argentina

Timothy Turnbull, Brown University: The Sources of US Trade Sanctions

Marcus Walton, Brown University: Resources & Recourses: The Origins of Entitlement in Egypt, Nigeria, and South Africa

Cadence Willse, Brown University: Private Funding, Public Schools: Interest Group Mobilization, the Changing Advocacy Agenda, and Public Education

Joshua Miller, The Catholic University of America: The Politics of Race and the Development of the Law and Order President

Samuel Sprunk, The Catholic University of America: Isiah Berlin: Machiavellian Liberal

Artour Aslanian, Claremont Graduate University: Using a Mixed Methods Approach to Study the Evolution of Party Platforms, 1960–2016

Jake Campbell, Claremont Graduate University: Divvying Up Dollars: Budget Allocation Game Experiments and the Impact of Policy-Relevant Information on Stated Preferences for Public Spending.

Khaled Eid, Claremont Graduate University: A Tacticians’s Guide to Conflict, Vol. 1: Methods on Explanation and Prediction of Intrastate Conflict

Lisa Jene, Claremont Graduate University: Three Essays on Africa

Ben Judge, Claremont Graduate University: Here Am I: William Howard Taft and the Philippines

Aye Aye Khaine, Claremont Graduate University: Assessing the Values of Nutrition-Sensitive Programs in Improving the Outcomes of Children: Evidence from Myanmar

Faizan Khan, Claremont Graduate University: Application of Agent-Based Modeling: Simulating Financial Systemic Risk and Contagion within Housing and Financial Markets

Simon Tang, Claremont Graduate University: MSMEs (Microsoft, Small and Medium Enterprises) and Democracy, a Panel Data Model

Cheng-Han Tsai, Claremont Graduate University: The Role of Uncertainty in Inter-State Conflicts: 1816–2000

Michael Angstadt, Colorado State University: Green Courts and Global Norms: Specialized Environmental Courts and the Global Governance of Environmental Challenges

Chelsea DeCarlo, Colorado State University: Re-imagining the Ecological Subject: Toward a Critical Materialism of Entangled Ecologies

Kolby Hanson, Columbia University: Rebel Organizations in Crackdown and Truce

Katharine Jackson, Columbia University: Corporate Autonomy: Law, Constitutional Democracy, and the Rights of Big Business

Sarah Khan, Columbia University: Making Democracy Work for Women: Essays on Women’s Political Participation in Pakistan

Jacob Kopas, Columbia University: Legitimizing the State or a Grievance?: Property Rights and Political Engagement

Summer Lindsey, Columbia University: Women’s Security After War: Protection and Punishment in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

Erik Lin-Greenberg, Columbia University: Remote Controlled Restraint: The Effect of Remote Warfighting Technology on Crisis Escalation

Aslihan Saygili, Columbia University: Democratization, Ethnic Minorities and the Politics of Self-Determination Reform

Dane Thorley, Columbia University: Essays on Courts, Randomization, and Experiments

Camila Vergara Gonzalez, Columbia University: Assembling the Plebeian Republic: Popular Institutions against Systemic Corruption and Oligarchic Domination

Joonseok Yang, Columbia University: Three Essays on the Political Economy of Business Mobility: Electoral and Policy Implications of Business Location Decisions

Aaron Zubia, Columbia University: The Making of Liberal Mythology: David Hume, Epicureanism, and the New Political Science

David de Micheli, Cornell University: Back to Black: Racial Reclassification and Political Identity Formation In Brazil

Vijay Phulwani, Cornell University: From Order to Organizing: Rethinking Political Realism and Democratic Theory

Whitney Taylor, Cornell University: Creating a Sense of Obligation: Legal Mobilization for Social Rights

Edward Quish, Cornell University: Beyond Populism: Radical Democracy and the Politics of Cooperation

Youyi Zhang, Cornell University: Political Economy of Chinese State-Owned Enterprises: Risky Investment in the Developing World

Maxwell Burkey, CUNY Graduate Center: The Counter-Patriotic Tradition in American Politics: Resistance, Nation-hood, and Democracy

Elena Cohen, CUNY Graduate Center: Dangerous Exhibitions: Erotic Justice and Comparative Constitutional Law

Eli Karetny, CUNY Graduate Center: Ungodly Freedom: How Philosophers Rise and Empires Fall in the Work of Leo Strauss

Jason Kropsky, CUNY Graduate Center: Between Politics and Morality: Hans Kelsen’s Contributions to the Changing Notion of International Criminal Responsibility

Pierre Losson, CUNY Graduate Center: Claiming the Remains of the Past: The Return of Cultural Heritage Objects to Colombia, Mexico, and Peru

Nicholas Micinski, CUNY Graduate Center: Coordination, Collaboration, and Delegation in EU Migration Management

Nicholas Pehlman, CUNY Graduate Center: Police Reform in Ukraine Since the Euromaidan: Police Reform in Transition and Institutional Crisis

Amy Schiller, CUNY Graduate Center: Caring Without Sharing: Philanthropy’s Creation and Destruction of the Common World

Pamela Whitefield, CUNY Graduate Center: The Diffusion of a Movement Moment: Labor Organizing in the Shadow of Occupy Wall Street

Chong Chen, Duke University: Rebel Interdependence: Essays on Ethnic Mobilization, Competition, and Inclusion

Haohan Chen, Duke University: The Micro-foundations of Authoritarian Rule Unveiled by Digital Traces: New Theories and Methods with Applications to Chinese Social Media

Eric Cheng, Duke University: Hanging Together: A Liberal Democratic Theory of Political Friendship for Troubled Times

Noa Cnaan-On, Duke University: The Political Economy of Religious Organizations: A Network-Based Explanation for Government Allocation of Resources

Trang Anh Do, Duke University: Brain Drain or Gain? Skilled Migration and Human Capital Accumulation in the Developing World

David Kearney, Duke University: Ties that Bind: Connections, Institutions and Economics in the People’s Republic of China

Antong Liu, Duke University: The Modernization of Honor in Eighteenth-Century Political Theory

Hao Liu, Duke University: The Politics of Protest and State Repression in Authoritarian Regimes.

Bailey Sanders, Duke University: Partisan Bridging and its Gendered Dimensions

Nura Sediqe, Duke University: Ummah : The Identity Negotiations of Muslims in the United States

Jeremy Spater, Duke University: Identities, Proximity, and Mobilization in Indian Slum Neighborhoods

Juan Tellez, Duke University: Three Essays on the Dynamics of Conflict in Civil Wars

Jan Vogler, Duke University: The Political Economy of Public Bureaucracy: The Emergence of Modern Administrative Organizations

Kaitlyn Webster, Duke University: Rethinking Civil War

Joshua Fjelstul, Emory University: Papers on the Political Economy of the European Union

Anna Gunderson, Emory University: Why Do States Privatize their Prisons? The Unintended Consequences of Inmate Litigation

Laura Huber, Emory University: Buying Women’s Rights: The Role of Conflict and International Actors in Gender Reform

Bethany Morrison, Emory University: Naming, Blaming, and Calculating: Understanding Who Files

Yeon (Grace) Park, Emory University: Domestic Politics and International Bargaining

Adam Howe, Florida International University: How State Capacity Matters: A Study of the Cooptation and Coercion of Religious Organizations in Southeast Asia and Beyond

Zachary Karazsia, Florida International University: Genocide in the Modern Age: State-Society Relations in the Making of Mass Political Violence, 1900–2015

Orcun Selcuk, Florida International University: Populism and Leader Polarization in Venezuela, Ecuador, and Turkey

Alexis Blanc, George Washington University: Conventional Theater Missile Defense and Crisis Behavior

Aleksandr Fisher, George Washington University: Manufacturing Dissent: The Subtle Ways International Propaganda Shapes Our Politics

Bryce Loidolt, George Washington University: A Delicate Balance: Security Force Assistance, Military Advising, and Recipient Unit Military Effectiveness

Elizabeth Pertner, George Washington University: Media Moguls and Political Patrons: Media and Democracy in Turkey, 1980–2018

Mara Pillinger, George Washington University: Re-fit for Purpose? The Ritual of Reform in Global Health Partnerships

Phillip Wininger, George Washington University: Courts in Transition: Essays on the Politics of Judge Selection in the States

Rebekah Dowd, Georgia State University: The Development of Digital Human Rights in the European Union: How Key Interests Shape National and Regional Data Governance

Richard Gardiner, Georgia State University: Judicial Elections and the Separation of Powers

Kristina LaPlant, Georgia State University: The Heart of Politics: A Typology of Gender Stereotypes in Campaign Advertisements and Analysis of Emotional Reactions among Voters

Matthew Montgomery, Georgia State University: Public Attention and Certiorari: The Impact of Public Attention on Supreme Court Petitions

Adnan Rasool, Georgia State University: Bargaining a Democracy: Bureaucratic Quality and Democratization

J acob Abolafia, Harvard University: Penal Modernism Before Modernity: Correction and Confinement in the History of Political Thought

Christopher Carothers, Harvard University: Combating Corruption in Authoritarian Regimes

Christopher Celaya, Harvard University: The Efficacy of Deliberative Democracy

Rushabh Doshi, Harvard University: The Long Game: Chinese Grand Strategy after the Cold War

Chase Foster, Harvard University: The Politics of Delegation: Constitutional Structure, Bureaucratic Discretion, and the Development of Competition Policy in the United States and the European Union, 1890–2017

Huan Gao, Harvard University: Spatial Control and State Power in Disaster-stricken Cities

Rebecca Goldstein, Harvard University: Essays on the Politics of Policing

Yichen Guan, Harvard University: Engagement under Authoritarian Rule: Political Participation of Muslim Minorities in China

Jesse Gubb, Harvard University: Reassessing the President’s Administrative Powers

John Harpham, Harvard University: The Intellectual Origins of American Slavery

Dana Higgins, Harvard University: The Essential Role of Simultaneous Interventions in Civil Conflict Resolution

Jennifer Howk, Harvard University: Too Dysfunctional to Govern: Trauma Capital and State Retreat in Rural Alaska

Connor Dezzani Huff, Harvard University: Why Rebels Reject Peace

Aaron Kaufman, Harvard University: Essays on the Applications of Machine Learning and Causal Inference in American Politics

Tsin Yen Koh, Harvard University: Killing the White Bull: Eassays on Bentham on Sex and Religion

Mayya Komisarchik, Harvard University: Essays on Race and Representation in American Politics

Dominika Kruszewska, Harvard University: From the Streets to the Party Lists: Electoral Advantages of Social Movement Activism

Belen Fernandez Milmanda, Harvard University: On the Ballots, In the Streets or Under the Table: Agrarian Elites’ Political Strategies in Latin America

Daniel Moskowitz, Harvard University: Context and Accountability: How the Informational and Partisan Contexts Shape Voter Behavior and Representation

Shanna Weitz, Harvard University: Essays on Economic Segregation and Local Public Goods

Tess Wise, Harvard University: Economic Insecurity and American Political Culture: A Case of Middle-Class Americans Going Through Personal Bankruptcy

Stefan Carpenter, Indiana University: Unpacking the Efficacy of Community-Based Wildfile Governance: The Influence of Economic Benefit Types, Risk, and Heterogeneity on Collective Action

Zach Goldsmith, Indiana University: An Oppressive Passion: Kant, Burke, and Dostoevsky on the Problem of Fanaticism

Paul Hoffman, Indiana University: The Mismanagement of Savagery: Understanding Violent Political Organization Target Preferences in Iraq, 2003–2014.

Defne Jones, Indiana University: Democratization or De-Democratization: The Role of Civil Society in Mass and Elite Interactions

Wynand Kastart, Indiana University: Regime Legacies and Domestic Peace: Evidence from Latin America

Yehuda Magid, Indiana University: Explaining the Occurrence and Dynamics of Dominant Group Violence: Uncertainty, Threat, and Israeli Settler Violence in the West Bank

Brandon Miliate, Indiana University: Grounded Understandings: The Meaning and Origins of Ethno-National Demands for Autonomy at the Intersection of India, Bangladesh, and Myanmar

Timothy Model, Indiana University: The Logic of Anti-Corruption Campaigns

Zongyuan Liu, Johns Hopkins University SAIS: Sovereign Leveraged Funds and Financial Statecraft: A Comparative Analysis of China and Japan

Douglas Winton, Johns Hopkins University SAIS: Is Urban Warfare a Great Equalizer?

John Boersma, Louisiana State University: Aristotle’s Quarrel with Socrates: Friendship in Political Thought

Angela McCarthy, Louisiana State University : The Religious Impact: Understanding the Influence of Religiosity on Attitudes Toward Policy Issues

Cory Sukala, Louisiana State University: A State of Impermanence: Buddhism, Liberalism, and the Problem of Politics

Michael Toje, Louisiana State University: Political Parties for Protection and Profit: Explaining Opposition Party Competition under Electoral Authoritarianism

Bertha Vitela, Louisiana State Univesity: Money In and Money Out: The Effects of Race and Gender on Campaign Finance

Kirstie Dobbs, Loyola University Chicago: Active on the Street But Apathetic at the Ballot Box? The Voting Behavior of Tunisian Youth (2011 to Present) in a Comparative Perspective

Ratri Istania, Loyola University Chicago: Administrative Unit Proliferation and Ethnic Group Conflict: Does the Prospect of a New Province Mitigate Ethnic Group Conflict?

Camila Andrade Gripp, The New School for Social Research: New Dogs, Old Tricks: The Inner Workings of an Attempt at Police Reform in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Jong Wan Baik, The New School for Social Research: Politics of Dualism: A Study of Active Labor Market Policies in South Korea

Yunjeong Choi, The New School for Social Research: The Boundary Problem of The People: A Democratic Theory of Constituent Power

Chris Crews, The New School for Social Research: Social Movements and Earth-bound People: Towards a New Politics of the Earth in the Anthropocene

Antonia Cucchiara, The New School for Social Research : Civis Americanus Sum Luigi Antonini, the Italian-American Labor Council and the Movement to Reclassify Italian Alien Enemies During World War II

Geeti Das, The New School for Social Research: From Mental Disorder to Emotional Data: Epistemic Power Over Sexual Politics

Mario Marcello Pasco Dalla Porta, The New School for Social Research: The Coercion/Dialogue Paradox in Contentious Dynamics: A Comparative Analysis of Mining-Related Conflicts in Latin American Countries

Mariana Prandini Fraga Assis, The New School for Social Research: Boundaries, Scales and Binaries of Women’s Human Rights: Feminist Confrontations in the Transnational Legal Sphere

Christopher Harris, The New School for Social Research: Political Acts, Generational Minds: Race, Culture and the Politics of the Wake

Veronica Alicia Zebadua Yanez, The New School for Social Research: Feminist Theory and the Experience of Freedom: Thinking with Hannah Arendt and Simone de Beauvoir

Sirojuddin Arif, Northern Illinois University: Farmers, Workers, and State Responses to the Food Crises: State/ Society Conflicts and the Politics of Agriculture Development in Indonesia and Nigeria

Erica Ceka, Northern Illinois University: Understanding Network Performance: The Case of IL 9-1-1 Emergency Call Service

Anthony Cooling, Northern Illinois University: The Second Amendment, Court Decisions, Political Culture, and Significant Social Change

Nicole Loring, Northern Illinois University: The Roadmap to Liberalization: Myanmar’s Transition from Military to Civilian Rule

Jessica Edry, Rice University: Domestic Politics, NGO Activism, and Global Cooperation

Heather James, Rutgers University: Still Running Backwards and in High Heels: Female Candidate Fundraising Process, Perception, and Challenges in the 50 States

Gregory Lyon, Rutgers University: Labor Market Institutions and Political Engagement in the US

Abbas Fadhil Mahmood Alketeshi, Rutgers University: Electoral Mobilization and Voter Turnout in Post-Authoritarian Countries: The Case of Parliamentary Elections in Iraq (2005–2018)

Kyle Morgan, Rutgers University: Is Anyone Worried About Judicial Review? Attitudes Towards Judicial Review in an Era of Political Turmoil

Mary Nugent, Rutgers University: When Does He Speak for She? Men Representing Women in Parliament

Sevinc Ozturk, Rutgers University: Foreign Aid Allocation by Autocratic and Illiberal Regimes: Influence and Competition of Business Elites

Michael Richards, Rutgers University: Dystopophobia: Aversion to the Worst in the Philosophy of Thomas Hobbes, Edmund Burke, and Karl Popper

Bailey Socha, Rutgers University: Welfare Behind the Wall: The Bureaucratic Origins and Development of Correctional Education in the United States, 1915–2012

Catherine Wineinger, Rutgers University: Gendering the GOP: Rhetoric, Representation, and Republican Congresswomen as Party Messengers

Kirk Bansak, Stanford University: Essays in Political Methodology

Alexandra Blackman, Stanford University: The Politicization of Faith: Settler Colonialism, Education, and Political Identity in Tunisia

Andrew Brooks, Stanford University: The Creation and Impact of British Colonial Armies in Africa

Mathilde Emeriau, Stanford University: When Bureaucratic Discretion Leads to Discrimination: Evidence from France

Jane Esberg, Stanford University: Strategies of Repression in Pinochet’s Chile

Maria Krupenkin, Stanford University: Essays on Partisan Polarization

Iris Malone, Stanford University: Insurgency Formation and Civil War Onset

Lachlan McNamee, Stanford University: Demographic Engineering

Kevin Mintz, Stanford University: Sex-Positive Political Theory: Pleasure, Power, Public Policy and the Pursuit of Sexual Liberation

Rebecca Perlman, Stanford University: Precaution in The Private Interest

Benjamin Schaftel, Stanford University: Public Confidence in the US Military

Bradley Spahn, Stanford University: Before the American Voter

Shea Streeter, Stanford University: The Racial Politics of Police Violence in the United States

Edgar Franco Vivanco, Stanford University: Strategies of Indigenous Resistance and Assimilation to Colonial Rule

John Young, Stanford University: Liberty and Democracy in the Metropolis

Giles David Arceneaux, Syracuse University: Beyond the Rubicon: Command and Control in Emerging Nuclear Powers

Abolghasem Bayyenat, Syracuse University: State Identities and Foreign Policy Change: The Logic and Political Dynamics of Iran’s Nuclear Policy-Making, 2002–2015

Sinan Chu, Syracuse University: Policy Subsystem, Knowledge Community, and Scholarly Discourse in Ethnic Policy-Making of Post-Mao China

Esra Issever Ekinci, Syracuse University: Party Competition and Electoral Reforms in Parliamentary Democracies

Evan Laksmana, Syracuse University: The Imitation Games: Military Institutions and Westernization in Indonesia and Japan

Li Shao, Syracuse University: The Power of Protest Messages: An Information Model on Protest Participation in China

Catriona Standfield, Syracuse University: Gender and Legitimacy in United Nations Meditation

Amanda Alvarez, Temple University: Risk Acceptance and Contentious Politics: An Understanding of Protest Activity in Latin America

Jeff Antsen, Temple University: Why Bother Choosing Anyway? The Framing Dynamics behind Narratives of Queer Etiology

Claire Gothreau, Temple University: The Political Consequences of Gender-Based Marginalization

Caroline Tynan, Temple University: Diversionary Discourse: A Historical Comparison of Saudi Interventions in Yemen

Heather Galligan Bennett, University at Albany, SUNY: Winners and Losers in the Remaking of American Healthcare Payment Systems Following the ACA: A Theory of Private-Actor Policymaking and Implications for Democratic Decision Making

Injeong Hwang, University at Albany, SUNY: Foundation for Success: Radical Right Populist Parties’ Strategic Use of the European Parliament

Sean McKeever, University at Albany, SUNY: Adorno’s Concept of the Good: Peaceful Tensions and the Precipice of Paradise

Joshua Newman Caldon, University at Albany, SUNY: The Hot and the Cold: A Historical Explanation for Russia’s and America’s Contrasting Foreign Policy Approaches to the Arctic

Yi-hao Su, University at Albany, SUNY: Sanctions-Busting and the Signing of New Preferential Trade Agreements and Bilateral Investment Treaties

Tiffany Chu, University of Arizona: The Influence of Host and Origin Country Dynamics on Refugee Journeys

Tingjia Chen, University of Arizona: Principal Moral Hazard, Environmental Regulatory Biases, and Strategic Interaction among the Chinese Local Governments

Sangmi Jeong, University of Arizona: Negotiation in the Street: Protests, Regime Type, and International Bargaining Outcomes

Georgia Pfeiffer, University of Arizona: Understanding Advocacy Coalitions: Coordination and Belief Segregation in the United States Environmental Risk Management Subsystem

Samaila Adelaiye, University at Buffalo: Foreign Investments and Third-party Diplomatic Intervention in Armed Conflict

Abdulaziz Almuslem, University at Buffalo: Civil Conflict: A Three-Part Study on Fostering Durable Peace

Collin Anderson, University at Buffalo: The Influence of State-Run Media on Civil War Severity

Kevin Stout, University at Buffalo: Pol in the Family: The Effects of Dynasties in Congressional Elections and Representation

William Callison, University of California, Berkeley: Political Deficits: The Dawn of Neoliberal Rationality and the Eclipse of Critical Theory

Alice Ciciora, University of California, Berkeley: Strength without Numbers: The Political Influence of European Farmers

Thomas Kelly, University of California, Berkeley: Political Strategies of Labor & Business: The Case of Prison Privatization

Adam Lichtenheld, University of California, Berkeley: Population Displacement Strategies in Civil War

Andrew Manson, University of California, Berkeley: Biased Advice, Ideology and the Development of Nixon’s Foreign Policy

Andrew McCall, University of California, Berkeley: Essays on Structural Racism in US Municipal Law Enforcement

Nathan Pippenger, University of California, Berkeley: Anxieties of Membership: American Citizenship after Democratic Nationalism

Jason Poulus, University of California, Berkeley: Essays on the Political Economy of the American Frontier

Andrew Reddie, University of California, Berkeley: Governing Insecurity: The Design and Effect of Arms Control Agreements

Andres Schipani, University of California, Berkeley: Strategies of Redistribution: The Left and the Popular Sectors in Latin America

Paul Thissen, University of California, Berkeley: Legacy Institutions and Political Order in Weak States: Evidence from Chad

Guadalupe Tunon, University of California, Berkeley: When the Church Votes Left: The Electoral Consequences of Progressive Religion

Rosemarie Wagner, University of California, Berkeley: Laws Living and Armed: The Legal & Political Theory of Thomas Hobbes

Taylor Carlson, University of California San Diego: Through the Grapevine: Essays on the Consequences of Interpersonal Political Communication

Lauren Ferry, University of California, San Diego: Who Wins? The Political Economy of Sovereign Debt Restructuring

Andrew Janusz, University of California, San Diego: Race and Political Representation in Brazil

Heidi McNamara, University of California, San Diego: Who Gets In? Nonstate Actor Access at International Organizations

Brandon Merrell, University of California, San Diego: Leaders, Audiences, and the Use of Force

Stan Oklobdzija, University of California, San Diego: Dark Money and Political Parties After Citizens United

Inbok Dennis Rhee, University of California, San Diego: Between Constituents and the Capital: Understanding African Legislators

Abigail Vaughn, University of California, San Diego: Geopolitics and the 21st Century Global Financial Safety Net

Louis Weimer, University of California, San Diego: Consanguinity and Intimate Partner Violence

Christopher Faulkner, University of Central Florida: The Causes, Dynamics, and Implications of Child Soldiering

Joseph Funderburke, University of Central Florida: National Security and Rising Partisan Polarization

Didara Nurmanova, University of Central Florida: Exogenous Shocks and Political Unrest

Leah Dean, University of Cincinnati: Overcoming Healthcare Polarization with Interaction: Effects of the Affordable Care Act in Kentucky

Albert Klein, University of Cincinnati: Dona Nobis Pacem: Occupied Before Jus Post Bellum?

Fabian Arzuaga, University of Chicago : Paradoxes of Individuality: Liberalism, the Crisis of Work, and the Critique of Political Economy

Yuna Blajer de la Garza, University of Chicago: A House is Not a Home: Citizenship and Belonging in Contemporary Democracies

Eric Chase-Sosnoff, University of Chicago: The Effect of Perceived Discrimination on Authoritarianism Among Stigmatized Racial Minorities: A Multi-Level Analysis

Samuel Galloway, University of Chicago: Cruising Politics: Affect, Assemblage, Agonistic Democracy

Alfredo Gonzalez, University of Chicago: Other than Honorable: The Rise and Decline of Citizenship-for-Service, 1918–1965

Mariya Grinberg, University of Chicago: Planning for the Short Haul: Explaining Wartime Trade Between Enemies

Tania Islas Weinstein, University of Chicago: Politics in a House of Mirrors: Art, Nationalism, and Representation in Contemporary Mexico

Jennifer Jackson, University of Chicago: Race, Risks, and Responses: Mapping Black Americans’ Reactions to Group Threat

Sana Jaffrey, University of Chicago: Leveraging the Leviathan: Politics of Impunity and the Rise of Vigilantism in Democratic Indonesia

William Levine, University of Chicago: The Movement is Everything: Radical Kantianism and the Ideal of Emancipation in Modern Germany

Tejas Parasher, University of Chicago: Self-Rule and the State in Indian Political Thought, 1880–1950

Lucas Pinheiro, University of Chicago: Factories of Modernity: Labor, Aesthetics, and the Racial Politics of Historical Capitalism

Michael Rosol, University of Chicago: Weberian Militaries: Promotion and Appointment Systems as a Determinate of Military Effectiveness in Population Centric Counterinsurgency

Megan Savel Hawryluk, University of Chicago: Expectations, Perceptions, and Social Roles: The Effects and Performance of Gender in Campaigns for the United States Congress

Kristina Teater, University of Cincinnati: Using Transnational Advocacy Networks to Challenge Restrictions on Religion: Christian Minorities in Malaysia and India

Brandon Armstrong, University of Florida: An Exploration of Crime and Politics

Asli Baysal, University of Florida: European Democracy in Time: A Historical Institutionalist Approach to Democracy in the European Union

Ross Cotton, University of Florida: The Challengers of Regional Authority: Explaining Regionalist Party Success and Failure in Scotland and Quebec

Amanda Edgell, University of Florida: The Strategic Origins of Electoral Gender Quotas in Authoritarian Regimes

Mary V. Gorham, University of Florida: Recounting the Nation: State, Society, and Nation-Building in Tanzania, Kenya, Singapore, and Malaysia

Enrijeta Shino, University of Florida: Survey Mode Effects: Reshaping Perceptions of the Electorate

Anna Weissman, University of Florida: The Limits of Tolerance: LGBTQ Parenting Rights and the (Re)Production of National Identity in Europe

Ryan Whittingham, University of Florida: Coercion or Accommodation? A Bargaining Theory Explanation of State Repression

Susan Achury, University of Houston: The Impact of Formal Authority in Latin American Constitutional Justice

Haeyong Lim, University of Houston: Three Essays on the Political Economy of Transparency: How Transparency Influences, Investment, and Redistribution

Scott Hofer, University of Houston: Creating Liberal Justice? The Sources of Inequality and Their Moral Weight

Amanda Burke, University of Illinois: Thinking Outside the Box: Extra-Parliamentary Strategies and Their Effects on the Development of Good Governance in New Democracies

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• Volume 53, Issue 3
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096520000700

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Arvind, longtime MIT professor and prolific computer scientist, dies at 77

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Arvind Mithal, the Charles W. and Jennifer C. Johnson Professor in Computer Science and Engineering at MIT, head of the faculty of computer science in the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), and a pillar of the MIT community, died on June 17. Arvind, who went by the mononym, was 77 years old.

A prolific researcher who led the Computation Structures Group in the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), Arvind served on the MIT faculty for nearly five decades.

“He was beloved by countless people across the MIT community and around the world who were inspired by his intellectual brilliance and zest for life,” President Sally Kornbluth wrote in a letter to the MIT community today.

As a scientist, Arvind was well known for important contributions to dataflow computing, which seeks to optimize the flow of data to take advantage of parallelism, achieving faster and more efficient computation.

In the last 25 years, his research interests broadened to include developing techniques and tools for formal modeling, high-level synthesis, and formal verification of complex digital devices like microprocessors and hardware accelerators, as well as memory models and cache coherence protocols for parallel computing architectures and programming languages.

Those who knew Arvind describe him as a rare individual whose interests and expertise ranged from high-level, theoretical formal systems all the way down through languages and compilers to the gates and structures of silicon hardware.

The applications of Arvind’s work are far-reaching, from  reducing the amount of energy and space required by data centers to  streamlining the design of more efficient multicore computer chips .

“Arvind was both a tremendous scholar in the fields of computer architecture and programming languages and a dedicated teacher, who brought systems-level thinking to our students. He was also an exceptional academic leader, often leading changes in curriculum and contributing to the Engineering Council in meaningful and impactful ways. I will greatly miss his sage advice and wisdom,” says Anantha Chandrakasan, chief innovation and strategy officer, dean of engineering, and the Vannevar Bush Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.

“Arvind’s positive energy, together with his hearty laugh, brightened so many people’s lives. He was an enduring source of wise counsel for colleagues and for generations of students. With his deep commitment to academic excellence, he not only transformed research in computer architecture and parallel computing but also brought that commitment to his role as head of the computer science faculty in the EECS department. He left a lasting impact on all of us who had the privilege of working with him,” says Dan Huttenlocher, dean of the MIT Schwarzman College of Computing and the Henry Ellis Warren Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.

Arvind developed an interest in parallel computing while he was a student at the Indian Institute of Technology in Kanpur, from which he received his bachelor’s degree in 1969. He earned a master’s degree and PhD in computer science in 1972 and 1973, respectively, from the University of Minnesota, where he studied operating systems and mathematical models of program behavior. He taught at the University of California at Irvine from 1974 to 1978 before joining the faculty at MIT.

At MIT, Arvind’s group studied parallel computing and declarative programming languages, and he led the development of two parallel computing languages, Id   and pH. He continued his work on these programming languages through the 1990s, publishing the book “Implicit Parallel Programming in pH”   with co-author R.S. Nikhil in 2001, the culmination of more than 20 years of research.

In addition to his research, Arvind was an important academic leader in EECS. He served as head of computer science faculty in the department and played a critical role in helping with the reorganization of EECS after the establishment of the MIT Schwarzman College of Computing.

“Arvind was a force of nature, larger than life in every sense. His relentless positivity, unwavering optimism, boundless generosity, and exceptional strength as a researcher was truly inspiring and left a profound mark on all who had the privilege of knowing him. I feel enormous gratitude for the light he brought into our lives and his fundamental impact on our community,” says Daniela Rus, the Andrew and Erna Viterbi Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science and the director of CSAIL.

His work on dataflow and parallel computing led to the Monsoon project in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Arvind’s group, in collaboration with Motorola, built 16 dataflow computing machines and developed their associated software. One Monsoon dataflow machine is now in the  Computer History Museum in Mountain View, California.

Arvind’s focus shifted in the 1990s when, as he explained in a 2012 interview for the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), funding for research into parallel computing began to dry up.

“Microprocessors were getting so much faster that people thought they didn’t need it,” he recalled.

Instead, he began applying techniques his team had learned and developed for parallel programming to the principled design of digital hardware.

In addition to mentoring students and junior colleagues at MIT, Arvind also advised universities and governments in many countries on research in parallel programming and semiconductor design.

Based on his work on digital hardware design, Arvind founded Sandburst in 2000, a fabless manufacturing company for semiconductor chips. He served as the company’s president for two years before returning to the MIT faculty, while continuing as an advisor. Sandburst was later acquired by Broadcom.

Arvind and his students also developed Bluespec, a programming language designed to automate the design of chips. Building off this work, he co-founded the startup Bluespec, Inc., in 2003, to develop practical tools that help engineers streamline device design.

Over the past decade, he was dedicated to advancing undergraduate education at MIT by bringing modern design tools to courses 6.004 (Computation Structures) and 6.191 (Introduction to Deep Learning), and incorporating Minispec, a programming language that is closely related to Bluespec.

Arvind was honored for these and other contributions to data flow and multithread computing, and the development of tools for the high-level synthesis of hardware, with membership in the National Academy of Engineering in 2008 and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2012. He was also named a distinguished alumnus of IIT Kanpur, his undergraduate alma mater.

“Arvind was more than a pillar of the EECS community and a titan of computer science; he was a beloved colleague and a treasured friend. Those of us with the remarkable good fortune to work and collaborate with Arvind are devastated by his sudden loss. His kindness and joviality were unwavering; his mentorship was thoughtful and well-considered; his guidance was priceless. We will miss Arvind deeply,” says Asu Ozdaglar, deputy dean of the MIT Schwarzman College of Computing and head of EECS.

Among numerous other awards, including membership in the Indian National Academy of Sciences and fellowship in the Association for Computing Machinery and IEEE, he received the Harry H. Goode Memorial Award from IEEE in 2012, which honors significant contributions to theory or practice in the information processing field.

A humble scientist, Arvind was the first to point out that these achievements were only possible because of his outstanding and brilliant collaborators. Chief among those collaborators were the undergraduate and graduate students he felt fortunate to work with at MIT. He maintained excellent relationships with them both professionally and personally, and valued these relationships more than the work they did together, according to family members.

In summing up the key to his scientific success, Arvind put it this way in the 2012 IEEE interview: “Really, one has to do what one believes in. I think the level at which most of us work, it is not sustainable if you don’t enjoy it on a day-to-day basis. You can’t work on it just because of the results. You have to work on it because you say, ‘I have to know the answer to this,’” he said.

He is survived by his wife, Gita Singh Mithal, their two sons Divakar ’01 and Prabhakar ’04, their wives Leena and Nisha, and two grandchildren, Maya and Vikram. 

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Senior Thesis Spotlight: Her affinity for service took an unexpected turn toward public policy

Natalia Lalin and her thesis adviser, Martin Flaherty ’81. Lalin's thesis revisits an early example of so-called "debt trap diplomacy." Flaherty says her scholarship offers "a deeper account that gives a much better understanding."

The daughter and granddaughter of physicians, Natalia Lalin entered Princeton with a strong affinity for service and an intention to major in neuroscience.

But after taking a wide swath of courses during her first year — including mathematics, computer science, and, especially, the Freshman Seminar “Sentencing and Punishment” — she began to reimagine her academic path with an eye toward public policy coursework at the Princeton School of Public and International Affairs (SPIA).

The summer following her sophomore year, she interned in U.S. Rep. Mikie Sherrill’s office on Capitol Hill, where she networked with Princeton alumni in Washington, including Chris Lu ’88, the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations for U.N. Management and Reform, and Lisa Brown ’82, general counsel of the U.S. Department of Education. The experience taught her that giving back comes in many forms — not just medicine — and she returned to the University as a SPIA major.

“Service is so broad, and there are so many other opportunities that you can engage in, especially in policy and law,” Lalin says. “I wanted to do that in an area that I was most passionate about, and I found that that was in SPIA."

As a junior, Lalin deepened her exploration of public service. She served as a research assistant with SPIA’s Bridging Divides Initiative, where she investigated political violence and election monitoring, and participated in a Policy Task Force, “Multilateralism in crisis? How international institutions can better manage global challenges,” about the challenges that international institutions face and how they might become more effective.

"That launched me more into the human- and civil-rights sphere,” Lalin says. For her junior year research seminar, Lalin explored law and policy in India, and the structural barriers women face with respect to High Court and Supreme Court appointments in the country’s public law sphere.

The summer following her junior year was, to say the least, busy. Lalin began by interning in the civil society division of the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women — U.N. Women — where she worked to connect youth activists from the world to the U.N. Network. From there, she went to the Division on Civil Rights at the New Jersey Attorney General’s office, where she investigated cases of housing discrimination. That fall, she studied abroad at the University of Cambridge, in England.

For her senior thesis, she chose to research the effects of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) on Sri Lanka, the homeland of her father and her maternal grandparents. Through BRI, China has been loaning large sums of money to Sri Lanka and other countries. When Sri Lanka failed to repay its loan, China took control of one of its ports, Hambantota, stirring American fears that it could be used as a military foothold in the Indian Ocean.

“That was criticized in the very early days of BRI as an example of its dark side,” says Lalin’s thesis adviser, Martin Flaherty ’81, a visiting professor of public and international affairs. “And then the scholarship moved on to other countries. But what Natalia is doing is returning to this original story, and in a very interesting way.”

Post-graduation, Lalin plans to work for two years as a legal analyst at a law firm. Law school will follow, likely with a focus on international law. "My long, long, long-term goal would be to be an ambassador,” she says.

Lalin traveled to Sri Lanka at the end of last summer to conduct interviews with key stakeholders. She spoke with some 20 corporate leaders, government officials, ambassadors, policy experts, community advocates, journalists, and academics, and also gleaned insights from ordinary Sri Lankans she encountered between the formal interviews. “When you talk to people in Sri Lanka, they say, 'It's actually not [just] the People’s Republic of China,’” Lalin said. “‘We need to hold our own [Sri Lankan] politicians accountable.’”

“My thesis puts forth that the primary onus is on the People’s Republic of China,” she said, given concerns about rule of law, economics and other aspects of sovereignty. These include facilitating foreign interference in domestic affairs, increased corruption, environmental degradation disproportionately affecting poorer communities, censorship and an erosion of labor rights.

Flaherty said that supports the conventional wisdom about BRI, which holds that the policy exploits developing countries by offering loans for infrastructure projects that they cannot pay — so-called "debt trap diplomacy."  Sri Lanka is often cited as a prime example of this narrative, because it ostensibly lost control of an entire port as collateral for unpaid loans. He praised Lalin for adding nuance to that narrative. 

"Among other things, Natalia's in-country interviews reveal a far more complex story," he said. "On one hand, conventional accounts of the Hambantota story are not entirely accurate.  At the same time, Natalia nonetheless demonstrates other ways that the influence of BRI has negative effects in Sri Lanka, including promotion of corruption, labor problems and human rights issues.

Lalin’s thesis notes that despite warnings from the International Monetary Fund, the Sri Lankan government instituted tax cuts that hurt the country’s overall GDP at a time when its economy was already in decline. It also issued an import ban on non-organic fertilizers, hoping to enhance domestic production; when that didn’t happen, crops failed and a food shortage followed. 

“These policies, which were supposed to restore the country after its war, had the opposite effect, as they plummeted Sri Lanka into financial ruin,” she writes. “As a result, Sri Lanka was ill-prepared to face the polycrisis that came with the 2020s. The country was hit from every angle, from a global pandemic and huge drop-off in tourism, which the country’s economy relied on, to an increase in oil and gas prices as a result of the Russia-Ukraine War.”

"A lot of students would’ve gone in there just trying to undermine the conventional story and then come out 180 degrees opposite," Flaherty said. "What Natalia did was undermine the conventional story, but also come up with a deeper account that gives a much better understanding."

As a Princeton graduate, Flaherty brought his own experience to bear on the critical role of senior thesis adviser. He said his own adviser, John Murrin, a professor of history who specialized in American colonial and revolutionary history and the early republic and taught at Princeton for 30 years, was "phenomenal." His thesis, "A Region Converted: A History of Early Princeton, 1683-1813," garnered three awards presented at Commencement.

As he worked with Lalin over the course of this academic year, he said that having written a thesis of his own made him "appreciate how substantial and important" the thesis experience is at Princeton.

After she graduates, Lalin plans to work for two years as a legal analyst at a law firm. Law school will follow, likely with a focus on international law.

“I want to continue working in the human rights space,” Lalin says. “My long, long, long-term goal would be to be an ambassador,” possibly to Sri Lanka, “and really bring my life full circle.”

Senior Thesis Spotlight: 2024

The senior thesis has been a rite of passage at Princeton for 100 years. Students pursue original research and scholarship in close collaboration with a faculty member. Here, some of this year’s work.

Senior Thesis Spotlight: Is there room for a philosopher at the space policy table? This senior thesis says yes.

Senior Thesis Spotlight: Can ‘forever’ chemicals become less so? This senior thesis works toward smarter cleanup of PFAS.

Senior Thesis Spotlight: Fernando Avilés-García used artificial intelligence to analyze Dante’s 'Divine Comedy.'

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