Top tips for the NEA literature review
Introduction.
The phrase 'literature review' is an academic way of saying that you should look at a range of geographical books, websites, or journals when you are researching your NEA. Then, when you write up your report, you must acknowledge any of these sources you have used.
An effective literature review will prove that you have a wider theoretical understanding of the geography that underpins your research. Your literature review will prove that you understand how key ideas are discussed by geographers. Hopefully, your fieldwork research will show whether or not these generalisations are true in the specific place you are investigating.
Written by fieldwork expert Andy Owen (Insight and Perspective), this very informative presentation will support students with the NEA literature review.
Click the icon below to download the presentation.
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A toolkit for the independent investigation
A toolkit for the independent investigation.
This unit gives an overview of the independent investigation. It takes you through what the independent investigation (also known as the NEA) is, outlines how to plan your investigation, and gives practical support for each stage. Featuring content from Time for Geography on research methods .
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What is a Literature Review?
The scholarly conversation.
A literature review provides an overview of previous research on a topic that critically evaluates, classifies, and compares what has already been published on a particular topic. It allows the author to synthesize and place into context the research and scholarly literature relevant to the topic. It helps map the different approaches to a given question and reveals patterns. It forms the foundation for the author’s subsequent research and justifies the significance of the new investigation.
A literature review can be a short introductory section of a research article or a report or policy paper that focuses on recent research. Or, in the case of dissertations, theses, and review articles, it can be an extensive review of all relevant research.
- The format is usually a bibliographic essay; sources are briefly cited within the body of the essay, with full bibliographic citations at the end.
- The introduction should define the topic and set the context for the literature review. It will include the author's perspective or point of view on the topic, how they have defined the scope of the topic (including what's not included), and how the review will be organized. It can point out overall trends, conflicts in methodology or conclusions, and gaps in the research.
- In the body of the review, the author should organize the research into major topics and subtopics. These groupings may be by subject, (e.g., globalization of clothing manufacturing), type of research (e.g., case studies), methodology (e.g., qualitative), genre, chronology, or other common characteristics. Within these groups, the author can then discuss the merits of each article and analyze and compare the importance of each article to similar ones.
- The conclusion will summarize the main findings, make clear how this review of the literature supports (or not) the research to follow, and may point the direction for further research.
- The list of references will include full citations for all of the items mentioned in the literature review.
Key Questions for a Literature Review
A literature review should try to answer questions such as
- Who are the key researchers on this topic?
- What has been the focus of the research efforts so far and what is the current status?
- How have certain studies built on prior studies? Where are the connections? Are there new interpretations of the research?
- Have there been any controversies or debate about the research? Is there consensus? Are there any contradictions?
- Which areas have been identified as needing further research? Have any pathways been suggested?
- How will your topic uniquely contribute to this body of knowledge?
- Which methodologies have researchers used and which appear to be the most productive?
- What sources of information or data were identified that might be useful to you?
- How does your particular topic fit into the larger context of what has already been done?
- How has the research that has already been done help frame your current investigation ?
Examples of Literature Reviews
Example of a literature review at the beginning of an article: Forbes, C. C., Blanchard, C. M., Mummery, W. K., & Courneya, K. S. (2015, March). Prevalence and correlates of strength exercise among breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer survivors . Oncology Nursing Forum, 42(2), 118+. Retrieved from http://go.galegroup.com.sonoma.idm.oclc.org/ps/i.do?p=HRCA&sw=w&u=sonomacsu&v=2.1&it=r&id=GALE%7CA422059606&asid=27e45873fddc413ac1bebbc129f7649c Example of a comprehensive review of the literature: Wilson, J. L. (2016). An exploration of bullying behaviours in nursing: a review of the literature. British Journal Of Nursing , 25 (6), 303-306. For additional examples, see:
Galvan, J., Galvan, M., & ProQuest. (2017). Writing literature reviews: A guide for students of the social and behavioral sciences (Seventh ed.). [Electronic book]
Pan, M., & Lopez, M. (2008). Preparing literature reviews: Qualitative and quantitative approaches (3rd ed.). Glendale, CA: Pyrczak Pub. [ Q180.55.E9 P36 2008]
Useful Links
- Write a Literature Review (UCSC)
- Literature Reviews (Purdue)
- Literature Reviews: overview (UNC)
- Review of Literature (UW-Madison)
Evidence Matrix for Literature Reviews
The Evidence Matrix can help you organize your research before writing your lit review. Use it to identify patterns and commonalities in the articles you have found--similar methodologies ? common theoretical frameworks ? It helps you make sure that all your major concepts covered. It also helps you see how your research fits into the context of the overall topic.
- Evidence Matrix Special thanks to Dr. Cindy Stearns, SSU Sociology Dept, for permission to use this Matrix as an example.
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- A level coastal fieldwork
This presentation, written by Andy Owen, is one of a range of resources which the GA has developed in partnership with the Environment Agency. It provides support for students of A level geography who have decided to locate their independent investigation (NEA or non-examined assessment) in a coastal environment, and it focuses on planning and the literature review.
The literature review is an important element of any independent investigation: students need to show evidence that they understand the geographical generalisations (models or concepts or theories) that underpin their investigation.
This presentation reminds students about two important generalisations that help explain coastal landforms and coastal processes: it briefly examines equilibrium and sediment cells.
It goes on to provide four worked examples so that students can practise reading and interpreting four different types of literature that might help them develop and conduct an independent investigation on the North Norfolk coast.
Download : A Level Coastal Fieldwork PowerPoint Presentation
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- A student guid...
A student guide to the A Level independent investigation (Non-examined Assessment - NEA)
The following documents are available in the Downloads section below:
Download a copy of the guide below
Lawrlwythwch gopi o'r canllaw
Before you start
i – Independent Investigation - Student Planning Form Independent Investigation - Student Planning Form (Word document) ii – A Guide to Writing A Research Plan iii – A Guide to Effective Background Reading iv – A Guide to Referencing
Section 1 – Introduction
1a – A Guide to Hypotheses
Section 2 – Data collection
2a – A Guide to Different Types of Data
2b – A Guide to Data Collection Techniques – Quantitative Measuring
2c – A Guide to Data Collection Techniques – Surveys
2d – A Guide to Data Collection Techniques – Interviews
2e – A Guide to Data Collection Techniques – Questionnaires
2f – A Guide to Data Collection Techniques – Observations, Photographs and Field Sketches
2g – A Guide to Sampling Techniques
2h – A Guide to Recording Data in the Field
2i – A Guide to Avoiding Biased Data
Section 3 – Data presentation
3a – A Guide to Column Charts and Histograms
3b – A Guide to Pictograms
3c – A Guide to Pie Charts
3d – A Guide to Scatter and Line Graphs
3e – A Guide to Box and Whisker Graphs
3f – A Guide to Kite Diagrams
3g – A Guide to Triangular graphs
3h – A Guide to Rose and Radial Graphs
3i – A Guide to Isoline Maps
3j – A Guide to Choropleth Maps
3k – A Guide to Pictorial Data Presentation
3l – A Guide to Presenting Qualitative Data
Section 4 – Data analysis
4a – A Guide to Measures of Central Tendency
4b – A Guide to Measuring Proportions
4c – A Guide to Measures of Dispersion
4d – A Guide to Cost-Benefit Analysis
4e – A Guide to Spearman’s Rank
4f – A Guide to Chi-Squared Testing
4g – A Guide to Simpson’s Diversity Index
4h – A Guide to Pearson’s Product Moment
4i – A Guide to Nearest Neighbour Analysis
4j – A Guide to Mann-Whitney U Test
4k – A Guide to Qualitative Data Analysis
Section 5 – Conclusions
Section 6 – Evaluation
Section 7 – Final checks
Posters – A guide to reading your research landscape
A copy of FAQs from the awarding bodies
View a video from the Royal Met Soc - MetLink - Weather Fieldwork for your A Level Geography Independent Investigation
File name Files
Full Guide: Guide to the NEA
Student Planning Form - Word
Student Planning Form - PDF
A Guide to Writing A Research Plan
A Guide to Effective Background Reading
A Guide to Referencing
1a – A Guide to Hypotheses
2a – A Guide to Different Types of Data
2b – A Guide to Data Collection Techniques – Quantitative Measuring
2c – A Guide to Data Collection Techniques – Surveys
2d – A Guide to Data Collection Techniques – Interviews
2e – A Guide to Data Collection Techniques – Questionnaires
2f – A Guide to Data Collection Techniques – Observations, Photographs and Field Sketches
2g – A Guide to Sampling Techniques
2h – A Guide to Recording Data in the Field
2i – A Guide to Avoiding Biased Data
3a – A Guide to Column Charts and Histograms
3b – A Guide to Pictograms
3c – A Guide to Pie Charts
3d – A Guide to Scatter and Line Graphs
3e – A Guide to Box and Whisker Graphs
3f – A Guide to Kite Diagrams
3g – A Guide to Triangular graphs
3h – A Guide to Rose and Radial Graphs
3i – A Guide to Isoline Maps
3j – A Guide to Choropleth Maps
3k – A Guide to Pictorial Data Presentation
3l – A Guide to Presenting Qualitative Data
4a – A Guide to Measures of Central Tendency
4b – A Guide to Measuring Proportions
4c – A Guide to Measures of Dispersion
4d – A Guide to Cost-Benefit Analysis
4e – A Guide to Spearman’s Rank
4f – A Guide to Chi-Squared Testing
4g – A Guide to Simpson’s Diversity Index
4h – A Guide to Pearson’s Product Moment
4i – A Guide to Nearest Neighbour Analysis
4j – A Guide to Mann-Whitney U Test
4k – A Guide to Qualitative Data Analysis
Section 7 – Final checks
Posters – A guide to reading your research landscape
Poster – RMetS weather and climate
FAQs from the awarding bodies
A Guide to Collecting Weather Data
BSG geomorphology projects for students
NEA word limit letter
Ethical Data resources
Doug Specht and colleagues from the University of Westminster have produced resources to provide some extra guidance and support around ethics and data use for the NEA
This project was funded by the Nuffield Foundation, but the views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Foundation
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Edexcel A-Level Geography NEA lessons
Subject: Geography
Age range: 16+
Resource type: Unit of work
Last updated
22 November 2023
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Full lessons and guidance for the Edexcel A-Level Geography NEA. Includes lessons on preparing, planning and writing the NEA.
Lessons include:
- Introduction to the NEA
- Investigation titles and research
- Literature review
- Methodology
- Data presentation (inc. GIS)
- Data analysis (inc. statistical testing)
- Evaluation and conclusion
BONUS NEA FINAL CHECKLIST also included
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COMMENTS
The A level independent investigation literature review. The literature review is an important part of your independent investigation; this unit takes you through how to structure it, and think through using the review to best effect. BACK TO A LEVEL MENU. Open PowerPoint.
What is a literature review? 'Literature review' is an academic way of saying that you should look at a range of geographical books, websites, or journals when you are researching your NEA. Then, when you write up your report, you must acknowledge any of these sources you have used. An effective literature review will prove that you have a ...
An effective literature review will prove that you have a wider theoretical understanding of the geography that underpins your research. Your literature review will prove that you understand how key ideas are discussed by geographers. Hopefully, your fieldwork research will show whether or not these generalisations are true in the specific ...
Clear discussion of results to examine each hypothesis and to link fieldwork findings with research and theory. Level 3: focused ability to write a coherent analysis of fieldwork findings in order to answer a specific geographical question. Draws explicitly on evidence and theory to make an argued case. Level 3.
A toolkit for the independent investigation. This unit gives an overview of the independent investigation. It takes you through what the independent investigation (also known as the NEA) is, outlines how to plan your investigation, and gives practical support for each stage. Featuring content from Time for Geography on research methods.
and relevant literature review, fully referenced in footnotes eg p7,8,9,10 (and bibliography p38). Theoretical context is well understood and fully stated. Diagram on p7 summarises aspects of Q of L to be considered. Detailed rationale for each sub- hypothesis p 7-9. Thorough research of the background to the link road, with specific
The new geography A Level specifications raise exciting challenges for students, one of which is the introduction of the Independent Investigation. Its place in the A Level course prepares you more thoroughly for researchbased learning at university level- , as well as providing opportunities to develop key investigative skills for the workplace.
You should also read the RGS Guidance on pages 15 and 16 about how to compile a good literature review. Ideally your literature review will have five or six sources . These should be a range from textbooks containing relevant theories or models, journal articles looking at similar investigations or study areas and reliable websites from ...
A literature review can be a short introductory section of a research article or a report or policy paper that focuses on recent research. Or, in the case of dissertations, theses, and review articles, it can be an extensive review of all relevant research. The format is usually a bibliographic essay; sources are briefly cited within the body ...
It provides support for students of A level geography who have decided to locate their independent investigation (NEA or non-examined assessment) in a coastal environment, and it focuses on planning and the literature review. The literature review is an important element of any independent investigation: students need to show evidence that they ...
Geography A Level NEA. A step by step guide to completing your Non Examined Assessment. Pippa McKeown. September 17, 2020. Your NEA should be one of the best bits of your Geography A Level! ... The introduction shows the reader that you understand the background to your topic in your literature review. If you have followed this guidance step by ...
A2 Geography - Summer Task - Mrs Car Task - To complete the 'Literature Review' section of your NEA. Your literature review is a vital section of your NEA as your theory here will need to be referred to throughout your analysis and conclusion. If you do this correctly, you will get more marks for these sections too.
List of figures. Figure 1: Photographs showing the changing façade of 20, Fournier Street, 1975 and 2013 Figure 2: The costs and benefits of gentrification Figure 3: Maps showing the reduction in the most deprived 10% areas in Tower Hamlets, 2004-2015. Figure 4: Population pyramid for Spitalfields and Banglatown, 2011.
A level Geography Independent Investigation. Author: Andy Owen. Title information: ISBN: 978-1-912190-06-5. £19.99. Scroll down for full details and downloads. "This one is AMAZING for a starting point for all the topics. It is really student friendly so allows them independence and it is a refreshing read. A lot of new stuff as well as ...
Other than these things the lit review is pretty open to interpretation and you should be fine along as you don't waffle. Try to include journals and articles which are related to your NEA title and hypotheses, so for example, if i'm writing on health deprivation in one area and how I feel this is related to falling education standards, I would ...
4i - A Guide to Nearest Neighbour Analysis. 4j - A Guide to Mann-Whitney U Test. 4k - A Guide to Qualitative Data Analysis. Section 5 - Conclusions. Section 6 - Evaluation. Section 7 - Final checks. Posters - A guide to reading your research landscape. A copy of FAQs from the awarding bodies.
Literature Review section. Instead it is a good idea to link the findings of the study to the theory by ... geography! It is highly unlikely that your Independent Investigation will do anything more than confirm that a model in its whole, or in part, 'works' for a particular location. _____ Author: Chloe Searl Created Date: 4/26/2017 10:30: ...
• The candidate could have considered clearer evidence of individual literature research, for example local blogs or forums linked to their topic, as well as more academic writing on usage of the high street. This could come from publications such as Geography Review and GeoFactsheets, or perhaps an undergraduate text. There will likely be
Full lessons and guidance for the Edexcel A-Level Geography NEA. Includes lessons on preparing, planning and writing the NEA. Lessons include: Introduction to the NEA; Investigation titles and research; Literature review; Methodology; Data presentation (inc. GIS) Data analysis (inc. statistical testing) Evaluation and conclusion
geography. 5. Conclusions Draw well-evidenced conclusions using both your findings from primary and secondary data analysis and the theories of the literature review . Discuss the wider findings of your investigation and refer back to your original question. Sophisticated and confident summary, drawing convincing and thorough individual conclusions
Geography NEA Literature Review. A. FlyingAir. 11. I am currently writing A- Level Geography My NEA Introduction and lit review, It is about coastasl flooding and how successfull a particular area has been at managing the risks. However, I wasn't sure if my literature review should look at coastal flooding and management techniques as a whole ...
Introduction. Almost 80 years ago, Smith (Citation 1945) argued for the implementation of geographical thinking within geography lessons, saying that it would help students become purposeful thinkers and successful doers rather than "animated gazetteers."She described the poor state of geographical thinking among students in the United States and lamented about how geography was taught.
Geography NEA Literature Review; Watch. 1 year ago. Geography NEA Literature Review. MirKat23. 1. I have been trying to find sources for my literature review for my NEA based on infiltration rates. I have found 2 sources on a website called Hodder which is easy to understand. However, I need at least 5 and google scholar is way too hard for me ...