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Writing a Bachelor Thesis step-by-step instructions

Writing a bachelor thesis: step-by-step instructions for your top grade

Step 1: Choosing a topic

Choosing a suitable topic is the first and one of the most important steps in writing a Bachelor's thesis. A well-chosen topic can make the entire work process easier and keep motivation high. You should consider several aspects when choosing a topic:

• Interest and passion: choose a topic that really interests and excites you. Since you will be spending a lot of time on the work, it is important that you can commit to the topic.
• Subject relevance: Make sure your topic is relevant and current within your field of study. It should include a question that is significant in the scientific discussion.
• Feasibility: Check whether the topic can be dealt with within the time and resources available. Make sure that there is sufficient literature and data material available to produce a well-founded paper.
• Supervision: It is helpful to choose a topic that can be supervised by a lecturer who specializes in this area. Good supervision can make all the difference and provide valuable support.

Once you have found a topic, you should narrow it down and specify it clearly. This makes it easier to create a structured research question and a concrete work plan.

If you would like to learn how to write a term paper, then take a look at our dedicated page:

Step 2: Find a supervisor

Choosing a suitable supervisor is a crucial step in writing your Bachelor's thesis, as they can make a significant contribution to the success of the project. Here are some tips for finding the right supervisor:

Once you have selected a supervisor, you should formally request and present your topic and a rough plan. Be open to suggestions and willing to make adjustments to further refine the topic. A good working relationship with your supervisor can provide valuable support and guidance throughout the writing process.

Step 3: Selecting the methodology

Choosing the right methodology is a key step in writing your Bachelor's thesis, as it determines how you systematically investigate and answer your research question. A well thought-out methodology ensures that your results are valid and reliable. Here are the essential steps for choosing the right methodology:

• Understanding the research question: Your research question largely determines which methodology is most suitable. Consider whether your question requires a qualitative, quantitative or mixed method. A clear and precise research question makes it easier to decide on the appropriate methodology.
• Qualitative methods are suitable if you want to gain deeper insights into complex phenomena, opinions or behaviors. Typical qualitative methods are interviews, case studies or content analyses.
• Quantitative methods are ideal if you want to collect numerical data and analyze it statistically. These are often used when it comes to testing hypotheses or recognizing patterns in large amounts of data. Surveys, experiments and statistical analyses are all quantitative methods.
• Mixed methods: In some cases, it can be useful to combine qualitative and quantitative approaches. This is called a mixed methods approach and allows you to capture both detailed insights and general patterns.
• Availability of data: Consider what data you need and whether it is accessible. For example, if you are planning a survey, you need to make sure that you can reach a sufficient number of participants. For qualitative studies, you should check whether you have access to the required information or interview partners.
• Resources and time management: Your method should be feasible in the time frame and with the resources available. Some methods, such as experiments or extensive interviews, can be very time-consuming and require careful planning.
• Ethical considerations: Ensure that your methodology meets ethical standards. This is especially important if you are working with personal data or interacting directly with people. Approval from ethics committees is often required.

Once you have decided on a methodology, you should describe it in detail in your methods section of the paper and explain why it is the best choice for your research question. A transparent presentation of the method increases the credibility of your research and enables others to understand your work.

Step 4: Time planning & time management

Writing your bachelor thesis Step 4: Scheduling & time management

How long it takes you to write a bachelor thesis depends on various factors, such as your topic, the time available, your working style and the complexity of the research. However, effective time management is crucial to make the process smooth and stress-free. This is an overview of how you can plan the time frame for your Bachelor thesis. With well thought-out time management, you can effectively manage the writing process of your bachelor thesis and minimize stress. Realistic planning, regular reviews of your progress and taking breaks are key to success.

Step 5: Structure and outline of the bachelor thesis

The structure and outline of a Bachelor's thesis are crucial for presenting your research findings in a structured and comprehensible way. A clear and logical outline helps the reader to recognize the common thread of your argument and to quickly grasp the most important findings. Here is a proven structure that is used in many disciplines:

1. Cover sheet

• Title of the thesis
• Name and matriculation number of the author
• Name of the supervisor
• Name of the university and degree program
• Date of submission

2. Abstract/Summary

• Short summary of the work (approx. 150-300 words)
• Description of the research question, methodology, main results and conclusions
• The aim is to give the reader a quick overview of the content of the thesis

3. Table of contents

• Overview of all chapters and subchapters with page numbers
• Should be clearly and logically structured so that the reader can follow the structure of the work

4. List of figures and tables (if applicable)

• List of all figures and tables used in the work with page numbers
• Numbering and labeling according to the formal requirements

5. List of abbreviations (if applicable)

• List of all abbreviations used in the work with explanations

6. Introduction

• Introduction to the topic of the paper
• Presentation of the problem and relevance of the topic
• Formulation of the research question or hypothesis
• Objectives of the thesis
• Overview of the structure of the thesis (brief description of the chapter structure)

7. Theoretical framework

• Presentation and explanation of the theoretical foundations and concepts relevant to the topic
• Overview of the current state of research
• Definition of central terms and concepts
• Presentation of models or theories used in the thesis

8. Methodology

• Description of the research methods used
• Justification of the choice of methods
• Description of the research design (e.g. qualitative or quantitative methods, data collection, sample selection)
• Explanation of the procedure for data collection and analysis
• Notes on possible limitations of the method
• Presentation of the research results
• Presentation of the data and its analysis
• Use of figures, tables and diagrams for illustration
• Objective and factual presentation of the findings without interpretation

10. Discussion

• Interpretation of the results in the context of the research question
• Comparison of the results with the existing literature and the theories presented in the theoretical framework
• Discussion of possible causes and implications of the results
• Indications of limitations of the study and suggestions for future research

11 Conclusion

• Summary of the most important findings of the study
• Answering the research question
• Presentation of the significance of the results for the field of research
• Outlook for further research or practical applications

12. Bibliography

• Complete list of all sources cited in the paper
• Formatting according to the specifications of the chosen citation style (APA, MLA, Chicago, etc.)
• Alphabetical order according to the authors' surnames

13. Appendix (optional)

• Additional materials that are relevant to the understanding of the paper but would interrupt the main text too much (e.g. questionnaires, raw data, additional tables or figures)
• Each appendix should be numbered and titled

14. Affidavit

• Declaration by the author that the work was prepared independently and without unauthorized help
• Statement that all sources used have been cited
• Signature and date

This structure may vary slightly depending on the subject area and specific requirements, but in general these elements should be included. A clear and well-thought-out structure not only makes it easier to write, but also to read and understand your work.

Step 6: Literature research

Literature research is a key step in writing your Bachelor's thesis, as it forms the basis for your academic work. Thorough research will give you an overview of the current state of research on your topic and enable you to place your own research question in a scientific context. Here are the steps you should follow when researching the literature:

Thorough literature research lays the foundation for a scientifically sound bachelor thesis. Through a systematic approach, critical analysis and targeted selection of relevant sources, you create the basis for a convincing and well-founded thesis.

Step 7: Scientific writing

Scientific writing is a central aspect of your Bachelor's thesis, as it is not only about presenting your research findings, but also formulating them clearly, precisely and comprehensibly. A good scientific style lends credibility to your work and demonstrates your ability to explain complex issues in an understandable way. Here are the most important steps and tips for academic writing:

• Prefer simplicity: Use clear and precise wording. Avoid unnecessarily complicated sentences and technical jargon that is not absolutely necessary.
• Concise expression: Formulate your thoughts as precisely and to the point as possible. Long and convoluted sentences often lead to confusion.
• Logical structure: Ensure a clear structure and logical flow in your argumentation. Every statement should be comprehensible and well-founded.
• Red thread: Make sure that your work follows a common thread and that the individual chapters and sections build on each other in a meaningful way.
• Objective presentation: Formulate your statements objectively and factually. Avoid judgmental or subjective formulations that are not supported by scientific evidence.
• Supporting statements: Every claim should be supported by literature or your own research findings. Avoid unproven or speculative statements.
• Adhere to citations: Make sure you cite correctly according to your university's guidelines. This applies to both direct quotations and paraphrases.
• Avoid plagiarism: Make sure that all sources used are cited correctly to avoid plagiarism. Accusations of plagiarism can have serious consequences.
• Consistent style: adhere to the formal requirements for academic papers, such as font, font size, line spacing and margins.
• Structure and headings: Use a clear structure with meaningful headings that provide orientation for the reader.
• Smooth transitions: Ensure smooth transitions between sections and chapters to maintain the flow of reading. Avoid abrupt jumps in the argumentation.
• Coherence of arguments: Make sure that your arguments are coherent and consistent.
• Spelling and grammar: Pay attention to correct spelling, grammar and punctuation. Errors can affect the professional impression of your work.
• Avoid redundancies: Do not repeat arguments unnecessarily. Each paragraph should present a new aspect of your argument.
• Multiple read-throughs: Read through your work several times and revise it to eliminate linguistic inaccuracies and logical errors.
• Get feedback: Have your work proofread by other people, such as fellow students or your supervisor. External feedback can help to discover blind spots.
• Fluent language: Aim for a fluent and readable writing style that captures the reader's interest without losing academic rigor.
• Active vs. passive voice: Preferably use the active voice to make your sentences more lively and direct. The passive sentence should only be used when the focus is on the action and not on the actor.
• Honesty in presentation: Present your results and their interpretation honestly. Distortions or concealment of data is unethical and can undermine the credibility of your work.
• Scientific responsibility: Consider the ethical implications of your research and write in such a way that your work makes a responsible contribution to the scientific debate.

By observing these principles, you ensure that your Bachelor's thesis is not only convincing in terms of content, but also in terms of language. A clear, precise and factual style is the hallmark of a good scientific paper and contributes significantly to its success.

Step 8: Strategies for motivation and writing flow

Motivation and the flow of writing (writing flow) are decisive factors in writing your Bachelor's thesis efficiently and with a good result. Many students struggle with writer's block or the feeling of not making progress. Here are some strategies to stay motivated and maintain a constant writing flow:

Overview: Strategies for motivation and writing flow

This graphic shows an overview of the strategies that help you maintain your motivation and writing flow.

Explanation: Strategies for motivation and writing flow

By applying these strategies, you can improve your motivation and writing flow, which will help you to write your Bachelor's thesis efficiently and successfully.

Setting goals and celebrating progress

• Small milestones: Set yourself realistic, daily or weekly goals, e.g. a certain number of pages or sections. Small successes motivate you and make your progress visible.
• Document your progress: Keep a record of what you have achieved. Visualized progress (e.g. in the form of a checklist or a bar chart) can be very motivating.
• Rewards: Reward yourself when you have achieved a goal, be it with a break, a snack or a leisure activity.

Develop a routine

• Fixed writing times: Establish set times for writing. A daily routine helps to maintain the flow of writing and turn work into a habit.
• Create a working environment: Create a pleasant and distraction-free workplace. Make sure you have a tidy environment in which you can concentrate.
• Rituals: Develop small rituals before writing, such as a cup of tea, a short warm-up with brainstorming or going over the last thing you wrote.

Overcome writer's block

• Free writing: If you're stuck, try to just write away without worrying about the perfect wording. It often helps to get the flow of writing going by writing down your thoughts freely.
• Mind maps and sketches: Use mind maps or outlines to organize your ideas and see more clearly how you want to proceed.
• Change topics: If you are stuck on a certain section, temporarily switch to another part of your work. Sometimes it helps to continue writing another chapter.

Breaks and self-care

• Regular breaks: Plan regular breaks to maintain your concentration. Short exercise breaks or a walk can work wonders.
• Get enough sleep: Make sure you get enough sleep to stay mentally fit and creative. Exhaustion often leads to a loss of motivation and writer's block.
• Diet and exercise: A balanced diet and regular physical activity support your mental performance and motivation.

Positive mindset

• Self-motivation: Remind yourself why you chose the topic and what significance the Bachelor's thesis has for your academic and professional career. Focus on the positive aspects of your work.
• Self-talk: Positive self-talk can help you overcome doubts and negative thoughts. Tell yourself that you are capable and well prepared.
• Visualization: Imagine yourself successfully completing and handing in your work. This visualization can have a motivating effect.

Feedback and exchange

• Get feedback: Exchange ideas with fellow students or your supervisor to get feedback. Constructive feedback can help to eliminate uncertainties and provide new motivation.
• Writing groups: Consider joining a writing group where you can motivate and support each other.

Understand writing as a process

• Allow drafts: Accept that the first draft doesn't have to be perfect. Knowing that you can revise later takes the pressure off.
• Step-by-step approach: See writing as a process that takes time. Start with rough drafts and refine them as you go.

Techniques for the flow of writing

• Pomodoro technique: Work in short, intensive sections (e.g. 25 minutes) with subsequent breaks. This promotes concentration and writing flow.
• Morning pages: Write three pages every morning on anything that comes to mind. This helps to promote the flow of writing and to clear your head for the actual work.

If you need more help with motivation and writing flow, then take a look at our pages on study strategies and learning types, for example.

Step 9: Proper citation

Writing a bachelor thesis Step 9: Correct citation

Correct citation is an essential part of academic work and serves to make the sources on which your argumentation is based transparent and to give due credit to the authors of the ideas. Errors in citation can have serious consequences, including accusations of plagiarism. These are the most important steps and rules you should follow when citing correctly. By citing carefully and correctly, you show respect for the work of other scientists and ensure the scientific quality and integrity of your own work. It is therefore advisable to familiarize yourself with the citation rules at an early stage and to apply them consistently.

Step 10: Proofreading

Proofreading is the final step before submitting your Bachelor's thesis and is crucial to ensure that your work is error-free, clear and well-structured. In this step, you not only check spelling and grammar, but also the coherence of the content and compliance with the formal requirements. Here are the most important steps for effective proofreading:

• Buffer time: Allow sufficient time for proofreading, ideally at least a week. Avoid putting this step off until the last minute to avoid stress and careless mistakes.
• Several passes: Proofreading requires several passes, each of which should focus on different aspects of the work.
• Gain distance: Take a short break of a few days after writing before you start proofreading. A little distance will help you to look at your work with fresh eyes and recognize errors more easily.
• Automatic tools: Use spelling and grammar checkers such as those built into word processing programs. Be careful, however, as these don't always catch all errors or make sensible suggestions.
• Manual checking: Read each sentence carefully and look for common errors such as missing commas, typos or incorrect sentence structure.
• Read backwards: Read paragraphs or sentences backwards (from back to front) to focus on spelling without being distracted from the content.
• Red thread: Make sure that your argumentation is logical and stringent. Each section should clearly lead to the next and the entire paper should follow a common thread.
• Coherence: Make sure that all parts of your work are consistent with each other, especially the introduction, the research question, the methodology and the conclusion.
• Citation style: Check the consistency and accuracy of your citations and bibliography. Make sure that all sources are formatted correctly and consistently.
• Formatting: Check compliance with the formal requirements of your university, such as font, font size, margins, line spacing and page numbers.
• Figures and tables: Ensure that all figures and tables are correctly numbered and labeled and that they are properly referenced in the text.
• Clarity: Revise sentences that are unclear or too complicated. The aim is to make your arguments clear and understandable.
• Remove redundancies: Delete repetitions and unnecessary repetitions. Each piece of information should only be presented clearly and concisely once.
• Active voice: Use the active voice rather than the passive voice to make your statements more dynamic and precise.
• External proofreaders: Ask friends, fellow students or family to read your work. They can spot errors that you may have missed and give you feedback on the clarity and logic of your argument.
• Professional proofreaders: If possible, also consider professional proofreading services that specialize specifically in academic papers.
• Headings: Make sure the headings are consistent and the hierarchy is clearly recognizable.
• Paragraph structure: Make sure that the paragraphs are clearly and sensibly structured. Each paragraph should express a clear idea and lead logically to the next.
• Page numbering: Check the page numbering and the correct allocation of the table of contents, list of figures and bibliography.
• Plagiarism check: Use plagiarism software to ensure that all cited sources are correct and that you have not unknowingly included any plagiarism.
• Overall impression: Read through the entire paper again to check the overall impression. Pay attention to the readability and flow of the text.
• Final changes: Make final adjustments and corrections before printing or submitting the paper.

Careful proofreading ensures that your bachelor thesis is of the highest standard in terms of language and content and makes a professional impression. It is the final but crucial step to ensure that your hard work is presented in the best possible way.

Checklist: Bachelor thesis tips

Writing your bachelor's thesis is a challenging task that requires both academic rigor and ethical integrity. Here are some important tips to help you successfully navigate the process, including advice on plagiarism checking, the use of ghostwriters and artificial intelligence (AI).

By following these tips, you can ensure that your Bachelor's thesis is not only convincing in terms of content, but also meets the formal and ethical requirements. Take the opportunity to master this challenge independently and successfully in order to grow both academically and personally.

Similar Study Guide Topics:

Writing a term paper Study strategies Learning types Studying in Munich

Is ghostwriting bachelor thesis legal?

No, ghostwriting for a Bachelor's thesis is not legal. If you submit a thesis that you did not write yourself, this is against the examination regulations and can have serious consequences such as the withdrawal of your degree.

How do I write the methodology in the Bachelor's thesis?

In the methodology of your Bachelor's thesis, describe which research approaches and methods you have chosen and why. Explain how you collected and analyzed data and show that your approach is appropriate to answer the research question. Make sure to be clear and precise so that your work is comprehensible.

Is it difficult to write a Bachelor's thesis?

It can be challenging to write a Bachelor's thesis, but with good planning and motivation it is doable.

Can you write your Bachelor's thesis in English?

Yes, you can write your Bachelor's thesis in English if your university allows it. At Munich Business School , for example, it is permitted and often happens that papers, including the Bachelor's thesis, are written in English.

In which program should I write my bachelor thesis?

It is best to write your bachelor thesis in Microsoft Word or LaTeX.

Interested in a study program? Request our information material now!

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Bachelorarbeit: Alles Wichtige für eine erfolgreiche Thesis

Du stehst am Anfang der Bachelorarbeit und benötigst eine generelle Übersicht zur Bachelor-Thesis? Hier findest du alles, was du für eine erfolgreiche Abgabe benötigst.

Die Bachelorarbeit stellt für viele Studierende eine große Herausforderung dar. Sie ist der Abschluss eines Kapitels deines akademischen Lebens und der erste Schritt in die Welt der Forschung oder der beruflichen Karriere. In diesem Ratgeber geben wir dir einen kompletten Überblick zum Thema "Bachelorarbeit" - von der empfohlenen Seitenanzahl und Vorgehensweise bis zu einfachen Tipps für eine erfolgreiche Abgabe der Bachelor-Thesis.

Auch interessant:

Bachelor- & Masterarbeit im Unternehmen: Pro & Contra

In diesem Artikel zeigen wir dir, wie du deine Abschlussarbeit in einem Unternehmen schreiben kannst.

Was ist überhaupt eine Bachelorarbeit?

Eine Bachelorarbeit, oft auch Bachelorthesis genannt, ist eine wissenschaftliche Arbeit, die am Ende eines Bachelor-Studiengangs verfasst wird. Der Hauptzweck dieser Arbeit besteht darin, ein spezifisches Forschungsproblem oder eine Fragestellung innerhalb des Studienfachs selbstständig zu bearbeiten. Dabei soll gezeigt werden, dass du in der Lage bist, das während des Studiums erworbene Wissen praktisch anzuwenden und wissenschaftliche Methoden korrekt einzusetzen.

Die Bachelorarbeit markiert den Abschluss des Bachelor-Studiums und ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil des akademischen Bildungsweges. Mit erfolgreicher Abgabe und Verteidigung der Bachelorarbeit erhältst du die noch fehlenden ECTS Punkte, um dein Studium abzuschließen.

KI Tools für die Bachelor- & Masterarbeit

Das perfekte Thema für die Abschlussarbeit finden und dazu noch eine fertige Gliederung bekommen? Auf Knopfdruck einen ausführlichen Schreib-Leitfaden zum Thema der Arbeit? Diese und viele weitere Hilfsmittel findest du bei unseren KI-Tools. Damit wirst du deine Thesis einfach und erfolgreich schreiben!

Umfang & Zeitplan einer Bachelorarbeit

Der Umfang einer Bachelorarbeit kann stark variieren und hängt von mehreren Faktoren ab, darunter die Anforderungen deines Studienfachs, die Vorgaben deiner Universität oder Hochschule sowie die spezifischen Erwartungen deines Betreuenden. Generell bewegt sich der Umfang einer Bachelorarbeit in der Regel zwischen 20 und 60 Seiten. Es gibt jedoch Ausnahmen in beide Richtungen, abhängig von der Komplexität des Themas und den Anforderungen des jeweiligen Fachbereichs. Die durchschnittliche Länge einer Bachelorarbeit beträgt 40 Seiten oder 10.000 Wörter.

Wichtig : Um sicherzugehen, dass du die Erwartungen an deine Bachelorarbeit erfüllst, ist es unerlässlich, frühzeitig und regelmäßig mit deinem Betreuer oder deiner Betreuerin Rücksprache zu halten.

Für die Bachelorarbeit hast du in der Regel 3 Monate Zeit. Hier gilt: Fange früh an, damit du ggf. spätere Probleme (Klassiker: die richtige Formatierung der Arbeit ) noch lösen kannst. Daher ist ein guter Zeitplan für die Bachelorarbeit essenziell für den Erfolg.

Ablauf einer Bachelorarbeit

Der Ablauf einer Bachelorarbeit ist ein strukturiertes Verfahren, das sorgfältige Planung erfordert. Von der Auswahl des Themas bis zur endgültigen Abgabe durchläuft jeder Studierende eine Reihe von Phasen, die darauf abzielen, eine qualitativ hochwertige wissenschaftliche Arbeit zu erstellen.

Hier ist ein Überblick über die einzelnen Schritte im Prozess einer Bachelorarbeit:

• Thema & Betreuer finden
• Expose erstellen
• Freigabe & Anmeldung des Themas
• Schreiben der Arbeit
• Korrekturlesen

Der Ablauf einer Bachelorarbeit erfordert eine systematische Herangehensweise und ein hohes Maß an Selbstorganisation. Eine frühzeitige Planung, regelmäßige Absprachen mit dem Betreuer und die Einhaltung von Deadlines sind entscheidend für den erfolgreichen Abschluss dieses wichtigen akademischen Projekts.

Detaillierte Infos zur Vorgehensweise erfährst du in unserem separaten Artikel Bachelorarbeit schreiben: Vorgehensweise & Tipps .

Tipp: Aktuelle Abschlussarbeiten von Unternehmen

Praktikum / abschlussarbeit technischer einkauf beginn 01.10.2024.

Bachelor Thesis - Downstream Process Development (all genders)

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Bachelorarbeit im unternehmen schreiben.

Keine Lust, auf eine umfangreiche Themensuche? An vielen Universitäten und Hochschulen kann man seine Bachelorarbeit auch in einem Unternehmen schreiben . Das ermöglicht Studierenden eine einzigartige Möglichkeit, praktische Erfahrungen zu sammeln und gleichzeitig die akademischen Anforderungen zu erfüllen.

Die Vorteile im Überblick:

• Praxisbezug der Arbeit
• Keine eigene Themensuche notwendig
• Geld verdienen im Studium
• Netzwerk aufbauen & Kontakte knüpfen
• Mögliche Anstellung im Unternehmen

Du suchst aktuelle Abschlussarbeiten von Unternehmen?  Hier findest du offene Stellen .

Was gehört in eine Bachelorarbeit?

Der Aufbau einer Bachelorarbeit folgt in der Regel einem standardisierten Schema, das sich in der wissenschaftlichen Praxis etabliert hat. Dieses Schema hilft nicht nur bei der Strukturierung deiner Gedanken und Ergebnisse, sondern erleichtert auch den Lesenden das Verständnis deiner Arbeit.

Hinweis: Die Vorgaben von Hochschulen unterscheiden sich in bestimmten Punkten. Stimme dich zur Sicherheit auch hier immer mit dem Betreuenden ab, um auf Nummer sicher zu gehen. Der grundlegende Aufbau ist jedoch immer der gleiche.

Der generelle Aufbau einer Bachelorarbeit sieht so aus:

Tipp: Du suchst Vorlagen für deine Bachelorarbeit?  Entdecke fertige Muster & Templates für deine Abschlussarbeit .

Benotung der Bachelorarbeit

Die Note der Bachelorarbeit macht - je nach Studiengang - bis zu 20% der Gesamtnote aus. Du benötigst mindestens eine 4.0, um zu bestehen. Oftmals ist auch eine sog. "Verteidigung" der Arbeit notwendig. Die Arbeit wird sowohl inhaltlich (Rechtschreibung, Grammatik, logischer Aufbau, Roter Faden) als auch formal (Kapitelstruktur, Zitierweise, wissenschaftliche Sprache) bewertet.

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Fazit der Masterarbeit schreiben: So klappt's + Beispiele

Wie schreibt man das perfekte Fazit einer Masterarbeit? Wir zeigen es dir und geben hilfreiche Tipps und Beispiele.

Fazit der Bachelorarbeit schreiben: So klappt's + Beispiele

Wie schreibt man das perfekte Fazit einer Bachelorarbeit? Wir zeigen es dir und geben hilfreiche Tipps und Beispiele.

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Schritt-für-Schritt-Anleitung für eine erfolgreiche Arbeit?

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Bewertung einer Bachelorarbeit

Die Bewertung einer Bachelorarbeit basiert auf einigen nachvollziehbaren Kriterien. Bei Schreiben einer Bachelorarbeit ist es empfehlenswert, wenn Du vorab „alte“, mit „sehr gut“ bewertete Bachelorarbeiten liest und Dich bezüglich des Layouts  und inhaltlichen Strukturierung an diesen Arbeiten orientierst. Eine weitere Hilfestellung ist zudem die Frage: Wie erfolgt die  Benotung einer Bachelorarbeit ?

Bewertung einer Bachelorarbeit durch zwei Gutachter

An der Bewertung einer Bachelorarbeit ist nicht nur Dein Betreuer beteiligt. Generell wird die Bachelorarbeit immer durch zwei Gutachter benotet – von Deinem Betreuer , der Dich während des gesamten Entstehungsprozesses begleitet hat, und von einem Zweitgutachter. Die Endnote ergibt sich aus dem arithmetischen Mittel dieser beiden Noten, es sei denn, sie differieren in einer ganzen Note. Dann wird ein dritter Gutachter herangezogen.

Bewertung einer Bachelorarbeit: Die Kriterien zur Benotung

Behalte die Bewertungskriterien beim Schreiben Deiner Bachelorarbeit immer im Hinterkopf. Die folgenden Kriterien sind für die Benotung essentiell:

• Formale Kriterien, die in der Studienordnung vorgegeben sind (Umfang und sonstige Bearbeitungsvorgaben, Frage hier auch bei der Studienberatung nach.)
• Entspricht die Arbeit in Bezug auf Inhalt und Forschungsfrage den Anforderungen einer Bachelorarbeit? (Hast du ein Vorgespräch mit dem Betreuer geführt?)
• Wurden Forschungsfrage und gegebenenfalls Hypothesen präzise formuliert? (Wenn du unsicher bist, hilft eine statistische Beratung oder ein Statistik Service bzw. ein Datenanalyse Service .)
• Wurde bei der Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage stringent, logisch und umfassend argumentiert (Ein Lektorat der Bachelorarbeit kann Hinweise geben)?
• Ist die Arbeit demzufolge plausibel strukturiert?
• Beantworten die Ergebnisse die Forschungsfrage?
• Wurde korrekt zitiert ( APA-Stil , deutsche Zitierweise , Harvard-Zitierweise o.a.) und sind alle Quellen angegeben und im Literaturverzeichnis aufgeführt?
• Wurde die Arbeit eigenständig erstellt?

Damit schließt sich noch einmal der Kreis zu der Frage, was Du mit der Bachelorarbeit nachweist. Du weist Deine Fähigkeit nach, wissenschaftlich arbeiten zu können, und diese Fähigkeit wird bewertet.

Hilfe bei der Bachelorarbeit

• Abstract einer Bachelorarbeit
• Bachelorarbeit schreiben
• Bachelorarbeit Thema finden
• Aufbau einer Bachelorthesis
• Literatursuche bei der Bachelorthesis
• Quellensuche für die Bachelorarbeit
• Exzerpieren
• Quellenverzeichnis einer Bachelorthesis
• Bewertung einer Bachelorthesis
• Empirische Bachelorarbeit
• Schreibblockade lösen
• Exposé schreiben
• Zeitplan erstellen
• Bestandteile einer Bachelorthesis
• Einleitung Bachelorarbeit
• Hauptteil Bachelorarbeit
• Fazit Bachelorarbeit
• Eidesstattliche Erklärung Bachelorarbeit
• Danksagung schreiben
• Der Sperrvermerk

Unsere Top 10 Tipps

• Wissenschaftliches Schreiben
• Richtig Zitieren
• Deutsche Zitierweise
• Fußnoten in Word einfügen
• Zitieren im APA-Stil
• Harvard-Zitierweise
• Zitieren im MLA-Stil
• Vancouver-Stil zitieren
• Zitieren im Chicago-Stil
• Direkte und indirekte Zitate
• Ghostwriting
• Wissenschaftlicher Schreibstil

Weitere Tipps

• Plagiatsprüfung
• Korrekturlesen einer Bachelorarbeit
• Bachelorarbeit umschreiben
• Bachelorarbeit binden lassen
• Studenten-Stipendium

Bachelorarbeit im Fach Soziale Arbeit – 20 Themenvorschläge

Das perfekte Inhaltsverzeichnis der Bachelorarbeit

Das Exposé Deiner Bachelorarbeit | Aufbau, Inhalt & Beispiele

• Schreibblockade lösen – Tipps zum Überwinden bei Bachelorarbeit & Masterarbeit
• Wie zitiert man im MLA-Stil im Text der Bachelorarbeit oder Masterarbeit?
• Interpunktion in der Bachelorarbeit oder Masterarbeit
• Die Bachelorarbeit oder Masterarbeit in Jura schreiben
• So erstellst Du ein Forschungsdesign für Deine Bachelorarbeit
• Tipps für die Rechtschreibung in der Bachelorarbeit und Masterarbeit
• Bachelorarbeit oder Masterarbeit in den Wirtschaftswissenschaften

Reference management. Clean and simple.

How to write an excellent thesis conclusion [with examples]

Restate the thesis

Review or reiterate key points of your work, explain why your work is relevant, a take-away for the reader, more resources on writing thesis conclusions, frequently asked questions about writing an excellent thesis conclusion, related articles.

At this point in your writing, you have most likely finished your introduction and the body of your thesis, dissertation, or research paper . While this is a reason to celebrate, you should not underestimate the importance of your conclusion. The conclusion is the last thing that your reader will see, so it should be memorable.

A good conclusion will review the key points of the thesis and explain to the reader why the information is relevant, applicable, or related to the world as a whole. Make sure to dedicate enough of your writing time to the conclusion and do not put it off until the very last minute.

This article provides an effective technique for writing a conclusion adapted from Erika Eby’s The College Student's Guide to Writing a Good Research Paper: 101 Easy Tips & Tricks to Make Your Work Stand Out .

While the thesis introduction starts out with broad statements about the topic, and then narrows it down to the thesis statement , a thesis conclusion does the same in the opposite order.

• Restate the thesis.
• Review or reiterate key points of your work.
• Explain why your work is relevant.
• Include a core take-away message for the reader.

Tip: Don’t just copy and paste your thesis into your conclusion. Restate it in different words.

The best way to start a conclusion is simply by restating the thesis statement. That does not mean just copying and pasting it from the introduction, but putting it into different words.

You will need to change the structure and wording of it to avoid sounding repetitive. Also, be firm in your conclusion just as you were in the introduction. Try to avoid sounding apologetic by using phrases like "This paper has tried to show..."

The conclusion should address all the same parts as the thesis while making it clear that the reader has reached the end. You are telling the reader that your research is finished and what your findings are.

I have argued throughout this work that the point of critical mass for biopolitical immunity occurred during the Romantic period because of that era's unique combination of post-revolutionary politics and innovations in smallpox prevention. In particular, I demonstrated that the French Revolution and the discovery of vaccination in the 1790s triggered a reconsideration of the relationship between bodies and the state.

Tip: Try to reiterate points from your introduction in your thesis conclusion.

The next step is to review the main points of the thesis as a whole. Look back at the body of of your project and make a note of the key ideas. You can reword these ideas the same way you reworded your thesis statement and then incorporate that into the conclusion.

You can also repeat striking quotations or statistics, but do not use more than two. As the conclusion represents your own closing thoughts on the topic , it should mainly consist of your own words.

In addition, conclusions can contain recommendations to the reader or relevant questions that further the thesis. You should ask yourself:

• What you would ideally like to see your readers do in reaction to your paper?
• Do you want them to take a certain action or investigate further?
• Is there a bigger issue that your paper wants to draw attention to?

Also, try to reference your introduction in your conclusion. You have already taken a first step by restating your thesis. Now, check whether there are other key words, phrases or ideas that are mentioned in your introduction that fit into your conclusion. Connecting the introduction to the conclusion in this way will help readers feel satisfied.

I explored how Mary Wollstonecraft, in both her fiction and political writings, envisions an ideal medico-political state, and how other writers like William Wordsworth and Mary Shelley increasingly imagined the body politic literally, as an incorporated political collective made up of bodies whose immunity to political and medical ills was essential to a healthy state.

Tip: Make sure to explain why your thesis is relevant to your field of research.

Although you can encourage readers to question their opinions and reflect on your topic, do not leave loose ends. You should provide a sense of resolution and make sure your conclusion wraps up your argument. Make sure you explain why your thesis is relevant to your field of research and how your research intervenes within, or substantially revises, existing scholarly debates.

This project challenged conventional ideas about the relationship among Romanticism, medicine, and politics by reading the unfolding of Romantic literature and biopolitical immunity as mutual, co-productive processes. In doing so, this thesis revises the ways in which biopolitics has been theorized by insisting on the inherent connections between Romantic literature and the forms of biopower that characterize early modernity.

Tip: If you began your thesis with an anecdote or historical example, you may want to return to that in your conclusion.

End your conclusion with something memorable, such as:

• a call to action
• a recommendation
• a gesture towards future research
• a brief explanation of how the problem or idea you covered remains relevant

Ultimately, you want readers to feel more informed, or ready to act, as they read your conclusion.

Yet, the Romantic period is only the beginning of modern thought on immunity and biopolitics. Victorian writers, doctors, and politicians upheld the Romantic idea that a "healthy state" was a literal condition that could be achieved by combining politics and medicine, but augmented that idea through legislation and widespread public health measures. While many nineteenth-century efforts to improve citizens' health were successful, the fight against disease ultimately changed course in the twentieth century as global immunological threats such as SARS occupied public consciousness. Indeed, as subsequent public health events make apparent, biopolitical immunity persists as a viable concept for thinking about the relationship between medicine and politics in modernity.

Need more advice? Read our 5 additional tips on how to write a good thesis conclusion.

The conclusion is the last thing that your reader will see, so it should be memorable. To write a great thesis conclusion you should:

The basic content of a conclusion is to review the main points from the paper. This part represents your own closing thoughts on the topic. It should mainly consist of the outcome of the research in your own words.

The length of the conclusion will depend on the length of the whole thesis. Usually, a conclusion should be around 5-7% of the overall word count.

End your conclusion with something memorable, such as a question, warning, or call to action. Depending on the topic, you can also end with a recommendation.

In Open Access: Theses and Dissertations you can find thousands of completed works. Take a look at any of the theses or dissertations for real-life examples of conclusions that were already approved.

How to Write a Bachelor’s Thesis: A Step-by-Step Guide

The bachelor’s degree is an important milestone in your academic life, and creating a successful bachelor’s thesis is an essential part of this process.

Although it can be a challenge, with a structured approach and a clear timetable, a well-researched, informed, and organized bachelor’s thesis can be created.

In this article, we explain how to write a bachelor’s thesis.

11 Facts About Bachelor’s Theses

• The average length of a bachelor’s thesis is about 30-60 pages.
• Most bachelor’s theses are written in the field of economics.
• The average processing time for a bachelor’s thesis is 3-6 months.
• Typically, bachelor’s theses are supervised by a professor or lecturer.
• Most bachelor’s theses are still written and submitted on paper.
• A bachelor’s thesis is always written within the framework of a study program and is an important part of the degree completion.
• The topic selection for a bachelor’s thesis is usually free, as long as it falls within the field of study.
• Adherence to citation rules and source references is an important part of a bachelor’s thesis.
• Submission of a bachelor’s thesis is usually combined with an oral examination.
• The bachelor’s thesis is the first longer scientific work that a student writes during their studies and therefore represents an important hurdle.
• In 2021, approximately 260,000 students achieved their bachelor’s degree.

Scientific Formulations in Minutes Seconds

11 Tips for Academic Writing (Bachelor’s Theses)

• Start your bachelor’s thesis early to have enough time for research, writing, and revision.
• Choose an interesting and relevant topic that fits well with your field of study.
• Create a detailed work plan to keep track of your steps and deadlines.
• Use trustworthy and current sources to underpin your work.
• Write clearly and precisely, avoid using unnecessarily complicated sentences.
• Use a consistent citation style and pay attention to the correct source citation.
• Logically structure your bachelor’s thesis and ensure that the common thread is recognizable.
• Revise and polish your work multiple times to ensure that it is free from spelling and grammar errors.
• Have your work read by others and seek feedback to recognize areas for improvement.
• Consider publishing your bachelor’s thesis to make it accessible to others and to present your work.
• Have your text scientifically rephrased by Mimir. Sample input : Potatoes are healthy… ➔ Result : Potatoes are rich in vitamins and minerals and can contribute to a balanced diet.

The Process of Writing a Bachelor’s Thesis: Step by Step Guide

The writing process of a bachelor’s thesis is a challenge for many students. In this section, we give an overview of the most important steps and tips to successfully master the process.

• Determine the topic of the bachelor’s thesis and discuss it with the supervisor.
• Conduct comprehensive research and collect relevant sources.
• Create an outline and divide the topic into individual sections.
• Write the main part of the paper by processing and summarizing the insights gained from the research.
• Compose the concluding part, summarizing the main findings of the work and outlining possible further steps or implications.
• Proofread the work and check for formal requirements.
• Submit and defend the bachelor’s thesis.

Choosing a Topic: How to Find the Perfect Topic for Your Bachelor’s Thesis

The first step in creating a bachelor’s thesis is selecting the topic. It’s important that your topic is specific and answers a clear research question. If your topic is too general, it will be harder to achieve meaningful results.

Why is the topic important?

An interesting and relevant topic not only captivates your readers but also gives you the motivation to successfully complete the work.

The topic of your bachelor’s thesis is crucial for the success of your work.

A difficult or boring topic, on the other hand, can lead to you finding the writing process frustrating and ultimately not successfully completing the work. Therefore, it’s important to think carefully about which topic you choose for your bachelor’s thesis.

If you have difficulty finding a topic, you can turn to your supervisors and present your ideas to them.

Research & Study: The Right Way to the Perfect Bachelor’s Thesis

Once the topic is set, it’s time to collect the necessary information. This can be done by searching through libraries and databases, reading specialist literature, and interviewing experts. It’s important to carefully organize and document the collected information so that it’s easily accessible when writing the work.

It’s also important that your sources are current, as research and opinions in your subject area are constantly changing.

Possible Sources

• Academic Publications
• Professional Journals
• Reputable Websites (you should consult your supervisor beforehand)

Structure: Setup and Organization of the Bachelor Thesis

It is important to have a clear structure for your bachelor thesis. This should include an introduction, a main part, and a conclusion. Within the main part, you can divide your arguments into different sections. This helps you to structure your thought process and ensure a smooth and logical flow.

Introduction

• Summary of the research thesis
• Definition of the main terms
• Explanation of the research question and area of interest
• Conduct literature research
• Develop arguments and hypotheses
• Draw conclusions and results
• Cite sources
• Summary of the results
• Comparison of hypotheses and results
• Explanation of the implications of the results
• Recommendations for further research

Writing: Tips and Tricks for the Writing Process

After you have completed your research and established your structure, it is time to write.

It is important that you write your work in simple, academic German/English.

Avoid using too many technical terms and ensure that each sentence conveys a clear thought.

Compose a clear introduction that explains your topic and presents your argumentation. In the main part of your work, you should provide your arguments and examples to prove your thesis. Make sure that your arguments are logical and understandable.

• Write a simple and clear introduction
• Compose the main part of your work
• Ensure that each sentence conveys a clear thought
• Provide your arguments and examples to prove your thesis
• Ensure logical and understandable argumentation
• Avoid too many technical terms
• Avoid vague formulations
• Avoid subjective opinions

Tip: Let Mimir formulate your bullet point ( Example input : Running is great ➔ Result (1/3) : Running is a healthy and effective form of physical activity that can contribute to improving cardiovascular fitness, mobility, and mental health.)

Formatting: How to Properly Format Your Bachelor Thesis

It is important that you adhere to your university’s guidelines when formatting your bachelor thesis. Check the requirements for margins, line spacing, font size, and font type prescribed by your university.

It is also important to format your work consistently to achieve a professional look.

• Adhere to your university’s guidelines
• Check margins, line spacing, font size, and font type
• Consistently format your work
• Create a professional layout

Citing and Referencing: Rules for Citing and Referencing in the Bachelor Thesis

When referring to the ideas of other authors in your work, it is important to cite and reference them correctly. There are various citation styles you can use, but most universities use the Harvard or APA style.

Make sure to properly cite and reference all sources you refer to, to avoid plagiarism.

• Use the Harvard or APA style
• Cite and reference all sources you refer to
• Avoid plagiarism

Proofreading: Error Sources and Tips for a Flawless Bachelor Thesis

After you have written your bachelor thesis, it is important to thoroughly review it. Check the content for correct grammar, spelling, and structure. Also ensure that your arguments are clear and logical and that your statements are supported by your research.

It is important to proofread and edit your work several times. Make sure to correct all spelling and grammar errors so that your work looks professional.

• Read your work aloud to detect errors in grammar, sentence structure, and pronunciation.
• Use a dictionary or an online proofreading program to find errors in spelling and punctuation.
• Have someone else read your work and ask for feedback to gain additional perspectives and suggestions for improvement.
• Carefully review and revise your work to improve its quality and content. This can be done by adding examples, removing unnecessary information, or refining arguments.

Tip: Have your text checked by Mimir (Unscientific words, gender conformity, and more…)

Submission: How to Safely Submit and Defend Your Bachelor Thesis

Writing a bachelor thesis can be a challenging task, but if you follow the steps mentioned above, you will complete your work in a professional manner.

Don’t forget to adhere to the guidelines of your university.

Once you have reviewed and revised your bachelor’s thesis, it’s time to submit it. Make sure your work meets the requirements of your examiner and contains the correct information. If possible, have a friend or family member review it before you submit it.

Earning a bachelor’s degree is a great achievement, and creating a successful bachelor’s thesis is an essential part of this process. Remember, choosing a topic, conducting research, and writing a bachelor’s thesis can be a laborious process. However, if you have a clear schedule and follow the steps mentioned above, you can create a well-researched, informed, and organized bachelor’s thesis.

And last but not least: Congratulations!

Two Practical Examples of the Process

To better understand the steps and tips mentioned above, here are two examples from different academic areas:

• A psychology student writes a bachelor’s thesis on the effects of social media on the mental health of adolescents. She chooses this topic because it combines her personal interest and her expertise in psychology. She gathers information by reading textbooks and conducting interviews with adolescents and experts. She creates an outline consisting of an introduction, three main chapters, and a conclusion, and writes her paper accordingly. She makes sure to use quotes and references and to adhere to the APA formatting requirements. Finally, she carefully corrects her work and has it read by her teacher and a fellow student for improvement suggestions.
• A computer science student writes a bachelor’s thesis on the development of a new algorithm for machine learning. He chooses this topic because it reflects his expertise in computer science and his curiosity about new technologies. He gathers information by reading academic articles and communicating with other experts in his field. He creates an outline consisting of an introduction, three main chapters, a section on results, and a conclusion, and writes his paper accordingly. He makes sure to use citations and references and to adhere to the IEEE formatting requirements. Finally, he carefully corrects his work and has it read by his supervisor and a reviewer from a professional journal for improvement suggestions.

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you start writing a bachelor’s thesis.

Before you start writing your bachelor’s thesis, you should first plan the topic and structure of the paper. This also includes researching relevant sources and creating an outline. Once you have an overview of the structure of the paper, you can start writing.

How quickly can you write a bachelor’s thesis?

The duration of writing a bachelor’s thesis can vary greatly and depends on various factors, such as the complexity of the topic, the size of the paper, and the time spent on research. However, you should generally plan several weeks or even months for the actual writing of a bachelor’s thesis.

How do you properly write a bachelor’s thesis?

1. Start by selecting an interesting and relevant topic for your bachelor’s thesis. 2. Create a clear and detailed research plan that outlines the goals, methods, and timeline for your work. 3. Gather comprehensive and reliable sources to support your arguments and substantiate your theses. 4. Compose a clear and structured introduction that highlights the topic and significance of your work. 5. Develop your arguments in the main chapters of your bachelor’s thesis and use examples and evidence to support your statements. 6. Conclude your findings and conclusion in a conclusive and detailed section that summarizes the significance and implications of your work. 7. Thoroughly correct and revise your bachelor’s thesis to ensure it is logical, coherent, and error-free.

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Kostenlose Rechtschreibprüfung

Kostenlose plagiatsprüfung, korrektur deiner bachelorarbeit.

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• Die Diskussion deiner Bachelorarbeit schreiben

Die perfekte Diskussion deiner Bachelorarbeit schreiben

Veröffentlicht am 2. Oktober 2015 von Bas Swaen . Aktualisiert am 23. Oktober 2023 von Hannah Bachmann.

Ein wichtiger Teil deiner Bachelorarbeit ist die Diskussion deiner Ergebnisse.

Du besprichst deine Erwartungen, evaluierst und interpretierst deine Ergebnisse und zeigst Begrenzungen deiner Untersuchung auf.

Die Diskussion besteht aus 4 Teilen:

Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse

Interpretation der ergebnisse.

• Beschränkungen der Forschung

Empfehlungen für weiterführende Forschung

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Inhaltsverzeichnis

So sieht die diskussion deiner bachelorarbeit aus, beschränkung (limitations) der forschung, standardsätze zur benennung von beschränkungen, unterschiede diskussion und fazit, hilfreiche chatgpt-prompts für wissenschaftliche diskussionen, häufig gestellte fragen.

In der Diskussion deiner Bachelorarbeit gehst du interpretativ auf die Ergebnisse deiner Untersuchung ein.

Während du das Fazit deiner Bachelorarbeit kurz und bündig hältst, behandelst du in der Diskussion deine Resultate ausführlicher. Die Länge des Diskussionsteils richtet sich nach dem Umfang deiner Arbeit, sollte aber ca. 5–20 % ausmachen.

In der Diskussion evaluierst du deine Untersuchung :

• Du nennst Erwartungen sowie mögliche Ursachen und Folgen der Ergebnisse.
• Du interpretierst deine Ergebnisse und ordnest sie in den Forschungsstand ein.
• Du erläuterst eventuelle Einschränkungen und Limitationen deiner Forschung.
• Du zeigst mögliche Anknüpfungspunkte für zukünftige Forschungen auf.

Verfasse die Diskussion deiner Bachelorarbeit ebenso wie das Fazit deiner Bachelorarbeit hauptsächlich im Präsens .

Ist deine Bachelorarbeit fehlerfrei?

Durchschnittlich enthält eine Bachelorarbeit 150 Fehler pro 1.000 Wörter .

Neugierig? Bewege den Regler von links nach rechts!

Zu deiner Korrektur

Im Ergebnisteil deiner Bachelorarbeit beschreibst du deine Forschungsergebnisse ausführlich. Du präsentierst alle Ergebnisse nach Hypothesen oder Themengebieten geordnet und bekräftigst sie mit Visualisierungen oder Zitaten deiner Untersuchungsteilnehmenden.

Zu Beginn deiner Diskussion gibst du nur eine kurze Zusammenfassung deiner relevanten Ergebnisse. Du solltest hier auch deine Problemstellung erneut darlegen. So kannst du deine Diskussion direkt in Bezug auf dein Forschungsinteresse formulieren.

Besprich die Forschungsergebnisse und gib an, inwiefern deine Erwartungen erfüllt oder nicht erfüllt wurden.

Diese Erläuterungen kannst du aus deiner verwendeten Literatur ableiten, sie können jedoch auch auf deinen eigenen logischen Überlegungen basieren.

Auf jeden Fall solltest du beschreiben, wie deine Ergebnisse in den Rahmen passen, den du mittels Einleitung , Theorie und Forschungsfragen sowie Hypothesen aufgestellt hast.

Halte ebenfalls fest, inwiefern deine Resultate neue oder andere Erkenntnisse in Bezug auf dein Thema mit sich bringen. Gehe alle Möglichkeiten durch: Was genau hast du herausgefunden?

Die Begrenzungen bzw. Limitationen deiner Arbeit – im Englischen ‚limitations‘ – erörterst du in einem eigenen Absatz innerhalb der Diskussion deiner Bachelorarbeit.

Hier gehst du darauf ein, inwiefern du bei deiner Forschung an Grenzen gestoßen bist und welche Auswirkungen sich auf deine Ergebnisse ergeben haben.

Wenn es ein paar Randbemerkungen zu deiner Forschung gibt oder du bestimmte Limitationen stark zu spüren bekommen hast, können diese auch eine Erklärung für deine Endresultate sein.

Du kannst z. B. angeben, ob Fragen offengeblieben sind, und auf Basis deiner Resultate Empfehlungen für zukünftige Forschung aussprechen.

Achte jedoch darauf, dass du deine eigene Forschung nicht gänzlich schlechtredest: Es ist nicht das Ziel, dass du eine Zusammenfassung aller kleinen Fehler erstellst. Über diese hättest du bereits nachdenken müssen, bevor du mit deiner Forschung angefangen hast.

Mehr zu Limitationen

Wusstest du schon, dass ...

Scribbr durchschnittlich 150 Fehler pro 1000 Wörter korrigiert?

Unsere Sprachexperten verbessern vor Abgabe deiner Abschlussarbeit den akademischen Ausdruck, die Interpunktion und sprachliche Fehler.

Erfahre mehr zur Korrektur

• Englische Übersetzung*
• In dieser Arbeit wird nicht XY behandelt.
• Es würde über den Rahmen dieser Arbeit hinausgehen, … .
• Es ist nicht das Ziel dieser Arbeit … .
• Die Lesenden sollten beachten, dass diese Arbeit auf … basiert.
• Begrenzungen ergaben sich beim Durchführen der Interviews, da … .
• Eine Limitation der Bachelorarbeit ist zum einen … .
• Weiterer Forschungsbedarf ergibt sich aus … .

Mehr Standardsätze »

• The thesis does not engage with … .
• This study is unable to encompass the entire … .
• It is beyond the scope of this study to examine the … .
• The reader should bear in mind that the study is based on … .
• Limitations evolved during the interviews because … .
• A limitation of this thesis is on the one hand … .
• Further need for research results from … .

Die Diskussion deiner Bachelorarbeit kann mit einem Absatz zu Empfehlungen für eventuell weiterführende Forschung enden.Wie können andere Forschende auf deiner Forschung aufbauen? Wo ergeben sich Ansatzpunkte für weitere Untersuchungen?

Vermeide Aussagen im Stil von ‚Es wird noch viel Forschung nötig sein.‘. Es ist nicht das Ziel, dass andere sich Ergänzungen zu deiner Arbeit überlegen müssen.

Mache ein paar konkrete Vorschläge für unabhängige weiterführende Untersuchungen, für die deine Arbeit als Orientierung dienen kann.

Schau dir unser Diskussionsbeispiel an

Vielen Studierenden ist zudem der Unterschied zwischen dem Diskussionsteil und dem Fazit nicht immer klar. Die folgende Tabelle zeigt die grundlegenden Unterschiede.

Checkliste: Diskussion Bachelorarbeit

Die Ergebnisse werden interpretiert und Erkenntnisse werden erläutert.

Die Beschränkungen der Forschung und deren Auswirkungen werden dargelegt.

Es wird beschrieben, inwiefern die Erwartungen erfüllt worden sind.

Eventuelle Ursachen und Folgen für die Ergebnisse werden besprochen.

Vorschläge für eventuelle weiterführende Forschungen werden gemacht.

Ergebnisse werden interpretiert.

Es werden  keine  zu vagen Empfehlungen für weiterführende Forschungen gemacht.

Die Diskussion deiner Abschlussarbeit ist nun komplett! Nutze noch die anderen Checklisten, um deine Abschlussarbeit zu verbessern.

Mit guten ChatGPT-Prompts lässt sich die KI am besten nutzen, um die Diskussion deiner Bachelorarbeit zu vertiefen.

Beispiel: ChatGPT-Prompt für die Diskussion deiner Bachelorarbeit

• Hilf mir dabei, eine gute Diskussion einer Bachelorarbeit zum Thema [Armut als Motiv in der deutschen Gegenwartsliteratur]* zu verfassen. Interpretiere meine Ergebnisse [Ergebnisse einfügen]*, insbesondere in Bezug auf deren Auswirkungen auf die vorhandene Forschungsliteratur.

Einleitung zur Diskussion: In deiner Arbeit hast du erfolgreich die Darstellung von Armut als Motiv in der deutschen Gegenwartsliteratur analysiert. Du hast eine breite Palette von literarischen Werken betrachtet, um zu verstehen, wie verschiedene Autoren Armut thematisieren und welche Auswirkungen dies auf die Leser hat. Deine Ergebnisse tragen dazu bei, das Verständnis für die Rolle von Armut in der Literatur zu vertiefen und den aktuellen Stand der Forschung auf diesem Gebiet zu erweitern.

* Füge in die eckigen Klammern deine eigenen Themen ein.

Die Nutzung von ChatGPT-Prompts kann dazu beitragen, neue Perspektiven zu gewinnen und deine Argumentation zu stärken.

Weitere ChatGPT-Beispielprompts für die Diskussion deiner Bachelorarbeit

• Erstelle für die Diskussion meiner Bachelorarbeit eine knappe Übersicht meiner Ergebnisse, die meine Forschungsfrage zum Thema [Thema einfügen] abdeckt.
• Formuliere für die Diskussion meiner Bachelorarbeit Empfehlungen, um die Auswirkungen der identifizierten Begrenzungen [Begrenzungen einfügen] in zukünftigen Forschungsarbeiten zum Thema [Thema einfügen] zu minimieren.
• Formuliere für die Diskussion meiner Bachelorarbeit konkrete Vorschläge für zukünftige Forschungen zum Thema [Thema einfügen], die auf meinen Ergebnissen aufbauen [Ergebnisse einfügen]. Welche spezifischen Themen oder Bereiche könnten von anderen Forschenden weiter untersucht werden?

Um ein strukturiertes Diskussionskapitel zu erstellen, solltest du die generierten Inhalte kritisch überprüfen und sie angemessen in den Kontext deiner Forschung einbetten.

Gelegentlich verwendet ChatGPT vorhandene Textpassagen, anstatt neuen Text zu erstellen.

Im Diskussionsteil deiner Bachelorarbeit legst du deine Ergebnisse sowie die Folgen deiner Untersuchungen dar. Du evaluierst deine Ergebnisse und erläuterst, inwiefern sich Begrenzungen ergeben haben.

Hier sprichst du ebenfalls Empfehlungen für weiterführende Forschung aus.

Die Länge der Diskussion richtet sich nach dem Gesamtumfang deiner Arbeit, sollte jedoch ca. 5–10 % betragen.

Im Diskussionsteil beschreibst du die aufgetretenen Begrenzungen in einem eigenen Abschnitt. Du legst hier dar, inwiefern sich Beschränkungen auf deine Forschung ausgewirkt und welche Konsequenzen sich dadurch ergeben haben.

Auf Basis der Begrenzungen kannst du ebenfalls erläutern, wie mit zukünftiger Forschung an deine Untersuchung angeknüpft werden kann.

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Swaen, B. (2023, 23. Oktober). Die perfekte Diskussion deiner Bachelorarbeit schreiben. Scribbr. Abgerufen am 18. September 2024, von https://www.scribbr.de/aufbau-und-gliederung/diskussion-bachelorarbeit/

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Bas ist einer der Mitgründer von Scribbr . Bas kommt aus einer Lehrerfamilie und hat viel Erfahrung im Schreiben von Bachelor- und Masterarbeiten. Mit verständlichen Erklärungen zu schwieriger Materie versucht Bas, Studenten auf dem Weg zum Studienabschluss zu helfen.

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The examination and grading of a Bachelor's thesis

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A Bachelor’s degree includes a written thesis worth 6 credits. Students complete the thesis as part of the intermediate studies in their discipline.

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Instructions for grading a bachelor’s thesis.

A Bachelor’s thesis must demonstrate the student’s ability for scientific thinking, addressing the problems in his or her discipline, and scientific communications. Students can prepare their thesis independently or in a group or by participating in a more extensive research project, provided that their independent contribution can be clearly identified and assessed.  Students must write their thesis independently, primarily in their native language in Finnish or Swedish. The examination and grading of the thesis must focus on the independent contribution of the student.

The thesis is graded on a scale of 0–5. The grade awarded for a Bachelor’s thesis is taken into account when calculating the overall grade for intermediate studies. Students dissatisfied with the grading of their thesis can submit an oral or written appeal to the teacher in charge of the assessment. The date when the student submits his or her thesis for assessment shall be recorded as the completion date of the thesis.

More detailed provisions and instructions for grading a Bachelor’s thesis are provided in the curricula of the degree programmes.

A thesis must always include a summary in Finnish/Swedish, and, in some cases, in English. If the summary is examined as a maturity test, please read the related instructions issued by your degree programme. 

For more information on the maturity test language policy, see here.

For more information on supervising a Bachelor’s degree, see here.

Using Ouriginal to examine a thesis

You can also use Ouriginal  to examine and grade a Bachelor’s degree. You can commission Ouriginal for, for example, returning assignments in your seminar’s Moodle course area. Supervisors can also use Ouriginal via email.

Instructions and more info .

Maturity tests for bachelor’s degrees, marking maturity tests

A maturity test is a scholarly text related to the field of the student’s thesis, such as a part of the thesis or its abstract or another piece of written work defined in the curriculum of the degree programme. Before undertaking a maturity test, the student must complete the native-language studies required for the degree.

Maturity tests demonstrate students’ familiarity with the field of their thesis, and Finnish or Swedish skills.

Students take a maturity test in the language of their secondary education , i.e., in Finnish or Swedish. Each degree certificate states the language of the student’s secondary education and the language in which they completed their maturity test. By completing secondary education and a maturity test, students demonstrate excellent ability in the language in question (Act on the Knowledge of Languages Required of Personnel in Public Bodies, section 6).

If the language of the student’s secondary education was not Finnish or Swedish, they may take a maturity test in Finnish, Swedish, English or the language of their thesis. However, in this case their degree certificate will not indicate that they have excellent skills in Finnish or Swedish.

Maturity tests are graded on a pass–fail basis. The person marking and approving a maturity test is usually a teacher in the degree programme (e.g., the thesis supervisor). The person approving a maturity test must be proficient in the language of the test.

If your degree programme uses the E-thesis system to assess theses, please provide information on the approval of a maturity test in the assessment form at the examination stage. Information on the approval of the test will be passed on, and the test will be recorded as completed in the student information system.

A maturity test is an independent study attainment, but it is recorded in the student information system as having a scope of 0 credits.

See also the Instructions for Students

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Bachelor’s theses and maturity tests

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Bachelor and master dissertations - frequently asked questions, preliminaries.

The following material provides relevant information related to dissertations at the Chair of Information Systems (CIS). Unless stated otherwise, the information applies to both Bachelor and Master theses. We organize the page as an FAQ. You may wish to navigate directly to the parts that interests you most.

Table of Contents

• Is there a fixed date at which I have to start with my dissertation?

Is there anything I should consider when choosing a starting time for my thesis?

• Is there a maximum  or minimum length for my thesis? How long is a dissertation on average?

I plan to write my thesis in the next semester. What should I do beforehand?

Can i suggest my own topic, i was asked to prepare an extended abstract for a topic of my choice. what does that entail, are there any core research areas from which thesis topics are normally selected, is it possible to collaborate with industry, how do i find a topic, how about formatting requirements for my thesis, do i have to write my thesis in english/german, what is the typical structure of a bachelor thesis, i plan to apply for a master program, when do i have to start with my bachelor thesis, what is the typical structure of a master thesis, i understand that many theses at the cis involve empirical work. how do i acquire the data for such a task, do i have to complete certain modules before being eligible to write my thesis at the cis, in addition to mandatory modules, are there any other skills that i need/should possess, how do i register my thesis, is there a fixed data at which i have to start with my dissertation.

No. At present, we accept theses throughout the whole year. Please note that we may not be able to offer such flexible regime forever. Depending upon demand and resources, it may be necessary to implement a structured approach where all dissertations start at fixed dates (e.g., begin/end of a semester). However, by the time of writing, students can begin their dissertation anytime.

Back to the table of contents

You may want to consider that opportunities for personal meetings are somewhat limited during summer breaks due to conference attendance, research visits, etc. Therefore, if you seek very close collaboration with your supervisor, consider to schedule your thesis such that the majority of the writing time is within lecturing periods.

Is there a maximum or minimum length? How long is a dissertation on average?

On average, Bachelor and Master theses are 30 and 35 pages, respectively. Deviations are possible. See also the explanations on our new moodle page on dissertations .

It is good to plan well ahead. However, as far as we are concerned, there is not much that needs to be done long in advance. In particular, please understand that we allocate our thesis topics on a first come first serve basis. That means that we don’t reserve topics for students who plan to start their dissertation in a few months’ time. However, you may want to consider suggesting your own thesis topic. In such a case, we could fix a thesis topic before the start of the actual thesis.

Yes, you can. If you wish to work on a topic of your choice, please prepare an extended abstract and send it to your supervisor for discussion. We assess the potential of your proposition for a Bachelor/Master thesis and might suggest extensions/revisions. In general, we prefer topics that relate to our research areas . However, exceptions are possible, so feel free to elaborate any topic related to information systems research.

An extended abstract is about two to four pages long and should clarify:

• What research question(s) you plan to analyze
• What is the academic and practical importance of your topic
• How your thesis will contribute to the existing literature 

In addition, an extended abstract includes a selection of relevant literature.

There certainly are. In general, our research focuses on big data analytics (BDA). Approaches associated with the support of managerial decision-making and quantitative, data-driven methods are of particular interest. This scope offers a variety of research questions to be examined in a dissertation. Potential business applications to study include, but are not limited to:

• Marketing and e-commerce
• Consumer finance and risk management
• Speculative financial and betting markets

In terms of methodology, we employ a broad variety of techniques to solve planning problems, explain decision maker behavior, and assess the effectiveness of formal decision aids. Examples of such planning methods include:

• Ensemble selection (e.g. for marketing or credit-scoring problems)
• Kalman filters (e.g. for time series data or real-time targeting of advertising in e-commerce)
• Multi-armed bandit models (e.g. for or real-time targeting of advertising in e-commerce)
• Deep learning (basically applicable everywhere)
• Survival models (e.g. for price optimization in the automotive industry)
• Choice models/hierarchical Bayesian models (e.g. for or real-time targeting of advertising in e-commerce or betting markets)
• (Recurrent) neural networks (e.g. for turnover or financial markets predictions or in interaction with metaheuristics for model training or model selection)
• Metaheuristics (e.g., to build predictive decision support models or develop normative decision aids)

Furthermore, there is a large body of literature on novel learning paradigms, which differ substantially from conventional explanatory (e.g. regression or classification) or descriptive (e.g. clustering) methods. Surveying the state-of-the-art in such fields and/or evaluating such modelling strategies in business settings is an interesting task for a dissertation. Some examples include:

• Active learning
• Causal machine learning
• Learning with privileged information (e.g. financial forecasting)
• Semi-supervised/transductive learning (e.g. for churn prediction)
• Imbalanced learning (e.g. for marketing or credit scoring)
• Multi-task learning (e.g. financial forecasting)
• Reject inference (credit scoring)
• Online learning

Yes, we support collaborative theses written with an industry partner. In general, industry partnerships are more common for master dissertations. However, writing a bachelor thesis with an industry partner is also feasible. In some cases, our list of open topics includes such collaborative theses. Alternatively, you can propose a topic that you’d like to study together with an industry partner. However, please note that we normally do not sign NDAs (non-disclosure agreements). If you are in contact with an organization where you’d like to write your thesis, you may want to check whether your industry partner accepts this policy.

That is the key question. In general, you can browse through our list of open topics and see whether some of our propositions fit your interests. Alternatively, you can propose a thesis topic to us, preferably but not necessarily in one of our research areas .

We do not enforce specific formatting requirements. Instead, we recommend that students follow the author guidelines of scholarly outlets such as, e.g., the European Journal of Operational Research.  Note that these guidelines might also mention a minimum/maximum length. Such recommendations do not apply to your thesis and can be ignored. Instead, please adhere to our own recommendations related to thesis length.

MSc. theses are generally prepared in English. For a BSc. thesis, you are free to decide whether to write in English or German.

There are some general guidelines that any academic thesis follows. If you have already participated in one of our seminars (for Bachelor or Master students), you will be familiar with these guidelines. Otherwise, make sure that you have a careful read through our recommendations related to academic writing .

In addition to general guidelines, a typical Bachelor thesis written at the CIS adopts one of three paradigms.

First, the majority of dissertations is organized as a literature survey or, in other words, a state-of-the-art . Consider for example the question of IT business value. To which extent increases the use of information and communication technologies the performance of a firm? Several research projects have been undertaken to shed light on this question. A Bachelor thesis can review this field, identify sub-streams in the literature, and distill some overall conclusions. In addition, it might be possible to identify research gaps in the literature. In a nutshell, such a thesis provides a holistic overview of a clear-defined field.

Second, a bachelor thesis can be organized as a meta-analysis. A good example for such an endeavor is the paper of Jamain and Hand (2008) , who conduct a meta-analysis for the field of consumer credit scoring. In brief, this field is concerned with the question how a money lender can predict whether a credit applicant would pay back her loan, if the loan were granted. You can imagine that many papers have been written about this topic, and you can also imagine that several of these papers present some sort of forecasting method. Often, the proposition of a novel forecasting method is accompanied by an empirical evaluation to showcase that the new method predicts well. Given a large number of empirical studies that adopt this approach (i.e., present and compare forecasting methods), a meta-analysis first gathers empirical data about these comparisons (i.e., papers). This could be, for example, i) how many different forecasting methods have been compared in a paper, ii) how many times did some method A beat some other method B, iii) which measures have been used to assess the accuracy of a forecasting methods, etc. Next, a meta-analysis performs some statistical analysis on this data and, in doing so, distills some overall conclusions; for example, method A is better than B. You see that the outcome is the same as in the previous setup of a Bachelor thesis. Only the way in which one arrives at this outcome differs. Clearly, not every topic facilitates a meta-analysis. If you are generally interested in this format, feel free to contact our team members to find out which possibilities are available.

Third, it is also possible to organize a Bachelor thesis as a ‘little Master thesis’. This means that you conduct your own research study, which, at the CIS, would typically entail some empirical or analytic work. Such a study can span the whole research process – from gathering relevant data over data analysis to interpreting the observed results and drawing conclusions, or focus on specific steps in this process. Consider once again the above example of credit scoring. Given some credit scoring data set, your task could be to compare some novel forecasting method to some established benchmark. Given the similarity to Master theses in terms of format and organization, we do not publish dedicated topics for Bachelor theses that fall into this category. Students who are interested in the “small-scale Master thesis format” can review our topics for Master dissertations and ask the corresponding supervisor whether the topic could be changed such that it fits the smaller scope of a Bachelor thesis.

Every Master program has its own rules. We cannot make any recommendations related to programs offered at other universities. More specifically, the following guidelines apply only to our Master program Information Systems .

If you are considering to apply for the above program, you need to proof that you have collected at least 150 ECTS by the time of application. Say you want to start your Master in IS at the Humboldt-University in the winter semester 2016/2017. Assume for example that the application deadline is 30 th of April 2015. So, by end of April, when submitting your application, your transcript must show at least 150 ECTS. It is not necessary that you have completed your Bachelor studies. In particular, you can still be involved with your Bachelor thesis, or does not even have started with your Bachelor thesis. However, you need at least 150 (see ZSP-HU 1.1.2) .

There are some general guidelines that any academic thesis must follow. If you have already participated in one of our seminars  (for  Bachelor  or  Master  students) , you will be familiar with these guidelines. Otherwise, make sure that you have a careful read through the recommendations related to academic writing .

In addition to these general guidelines, a typical Master thesis written at the CIS addresses a research question(s) in the business fields mentioned above and contributes to the literature through providing some novel insight (e.g., original empirical results, evidence in favor of or against previously derived hypotheses, a new piece of methodology, etc.). Most dissertations contain an empirical part related to some real-world planning problem. For example, evaluating the effectiveness of a novel method from the realms of big data analytics in a real-world setting through empirical experimentation is a common task for a Master thesis. Such endeavor may also include the development of an entirely new methodology or the extension of some known technique to better fulfill the requirements of the application setting in question.

There are several possibilities to acquire the data for dissertation. Examples include:

• The master’s thesis is written in cooperation with an industry  partner who provides data
• The data is collected during (as part of) the thesis (e.g., through accessing a data provider’s API, say Twitter, or web scraping)
• The data comes from an academic data mining/forecasting competition (KDD Cup, Data Mining Cup, NN3 or NN5 Competition, etc.) or a Kaggle competition (www.kaggle.com)
• The data is associated with a current research project of the CIS. At the moment projects/data sets from the following areas are available:
• Direct marketing/churn modeling
• Automotive industry/sales of pre-owned vehicles
• Real-time targeting in e-commerce
• Credit scoring or PD modeling
• Markets for sports betting

The typical setting is such that students first complete some of our modules prior to starting their dissertation at the CIS. In particular, our seminars modules provide relevant background on the scientific method, academic writings, etc. Therefore, it is compulsory to complete the module Bachelorseminar Wirtschaftsinformatik to write a Bsc. thesis at the CIS. For master students, it is compulsory to complete one of our seminars, Masterseminar Information Systems or Applied Predivtive Analytics .

We gurantee that every student who has successfully completed the relevant seminar is given an opportunity to write her/his BSc./MSc. thesis at the CIS. Of course, there will still be a need to agree on the topic.

In general, completing our Bachelor/Master modules equips you with a firm understanding of research in information systems and big data analytics in particular. Moreover, our courses give you an opportunity to develop the skills typically needed to write a dissertation at the CIS.

Having said that, given your research interests and focus on analytic/empirical work, some useful skills include, e.g., scientific computing, databases, programming (preferably in Matlab, R, Python or Julia), econometrics and statistics, machine learning.

First of all, to be eligible to register for the final thesis you have to fulfill certain requirements (e.g. you must have completed certain modules or have earned a certain amount of ECTS – depending on your degree program). To verify that, you can consult the examination office. Afterwards, you have to receive a thesis application form in the student office that you need to fill in and hand in to your supervisor for signing (on the form you will have to indicate the exact datum when you have received the final topic). Afterwards, submit the signed registration form to the examination office: either give it personally during the office hours or send per post. You will also receive a copy of the filled form once the examination office processes the documents. 

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Das allgemeine Ziel besteht darin, eine Lösung für die von Ihrer/Ihrem Auftraggeber:in gestellte Aufgabe zu finden. In der Regel fungieren Sie dabei eher als Berater:in und weniger als Forscher:in. Dementsprechend unterscheidet sich die Struktur von der einer wissenschaftlichen Arbeit und kann zudem von Auftrag zu Auftrag unterschiedlich sein. Dennoch möchten wir Ihnen eine exemplarische Gliederung an die Hand geben, die Ihnen vielleicht Ideen für die Strukturierung Ihrer eigenen Arbeit liefert. Wenn Sie sich bezüglich der Gliederung unsicher fühlen, fragen Sie bitte Ihre Betreuungsperson.

Sie finden die wissenschaftlichen Grundsätze, die Sie beachten sollten, unterhalb der Gliederung.

Aufbau/Gliederung

(Achtung: Dient als Vorlage und ist den Anforderungen der eigenen Arbeit anzupassen.)

Titelseite/Deckblatt (ggf. Vertraulichkeitserklärung) Eigenständigkeitserklärung (Danksagung) Management Summary Inhaltsverzeichnis

• Ausgangssituation
• Ziele und Zielsetzung
• 2.1 Bisherige Forschung (d. h. Literaturübersicht/Literatur-Review) Neueste Fakten, bewährte Verfahren (best practice), vorangegangene Forschungsarbeiten, Definitionen und wichtigste Theorien – ermitteln Sie jene, die für Ihr Projekt relevant sind
• Kontext (rechtlich, sozial, technologisch, usw.)
• Das Unternehmen selbst
• Anforderungen und Bedürfnisse
• … und so weiter, je nach Aufgabenstellung
• Schlussfolgerung (die sich aus der Analyse ergibt)
• Bewertung verschiedener Optionen und Empfehlung
• Entwicklung von z. B. Software
• Allgemeine Schlussfolgerung und Einschränkungen
• Nächste Schritte

Literaturverzeichnis Abbildungs- und Tabellenverzeichnis (Anhang)

Wissenschaftliche Grundsätze in Projektarbeit und Bachelor-Thesis

Die Arbeit ist nach wissenschaftlichen Grundsätzen zu verfassen. Im Rahmen der Projekt- und Bachelorarbeit gehören zu diesen wissenschaftlichen Grundsätzen:

• Recherchieren Sie relevante Literatur und beziehen Sie die neuesten Fakten, bewährte Verfahren (best practice), Theorien und/oder Modelle im Zusammenhang mit dem Thema ein
• Geben Sie die Quellen im Lauftext (Kurzbeleg) und im Literatur- und Abbildungsverzeichnis (Vollbeleg) korrekt und vollständig an.
• Ziehen Sie eine nachvollziehbare Schlussfolgerung; die vorgeschlagenen Lösungen müssen auf nachvollziehbaren Fakten und Begründungen beruhen

Wegleitung Bachelor Thesis 2023

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Universität Bonn

Guideline for the Bachelor’s thesis

Important Information about registering, writing and submitting your Bachelor’s thesis

Please note that the use of AI (such as ChatGPT) is prohibited in the context of term papers and theses.

It is considered an unauthorized aid unless expressly permitted by the examiners

Time of registration

Registration for the Bachelor’s thesis is possible as soon as 108 credit points have been achieved. As a rule, this should be the case during the fifth semester. The completion of the BA thesis is usually recommended for the sixth semester (submission by 30 September or 31 March, if the standard period of study must be adhered to and if, for example, a Master’s program immediately follows).

Registration and topic

Please agree on a topic with your supervisor, who usually also acts as the first supervisor, before registering your Bachelor’s thesis. As a rule, you must write it in your major ; a topic from your minor is only possible if there is a connection in terms of content and/or methodology.

In the dual-subject Bachelor’s program , the thesis can be registered in either of the subjects. An interdisciplinary topic in both subjects is possible if supervision by one supervisor per subject is guaranteed.

The topic is agreed either in a personal meeting between the candidate and the supervisors as part of a course/meeting or by exchanging emails with the first and second supervisor. The topic specified in the email from the first supervisor is binding and must be transferred to the registration form.

Please submit the completed “Registration for Bachelor’s Thesis” form, signed and dated by you and your supervisor ("Supervisor; First Reviewer; Examiner") and the second supervisor, immediately by mail (or as a scan via the contact form) to the Examination Office.

The binding notification of the topic, including the setting of a submission deadline, is then sent in writing by the Examinations Office. The submission deadline is calculated from the date the topic is issued, based on the date of the first supervisor’s signature. You should therefore also endeavour to obtain the signature of the second supervisor at the same time and submit the registration form to the Examination Office immediately after finalizing the topic. 

If the topic was agreed by exchanging emails with the first and second supervisor, please forward the email from the first supervisor together with the email from the second supervisor and the scanned registration form (completed and signed by all parties) to the Examination Office via the contact form.

The binding notification of the topic, including the setting of a submission deadline, is then made in writing by the Examinations Office. The topic is therefore formally set by the examination Office (Examination Office, Maximilianstraße 22, 53111 Bonn) following registration.

The submission deadline is calculated from the date the topic is issued based on the date of the first supervisor's signature. You should therefore also endeavour to obtain the signature of the second supervisor at the same time and submit the application to the Examinations Office immediately after agreeing on the topic. 

Important note : Please note that the examination regulations only recognise the term “topic”, not “title”. The topic of the thesis is therefore synonymous with the title of the thesis. The specific topic that you have indicated on the registration form and agreed with the supervisors is placed on the cover sheet and in the declaration of academic integrity. Please refer to the separate point below under the heading ‘Changing the topic’ for the possibility of changing the topic at a later date.

You can download the registration form here: Registration form .

Supervisors

In principle, all lecturers in your subject may act as supervisors for a Bachelor’s thesis. Please note that one of the two supervisors must be employed with at least 50% at the University of Bonn. Both supervisors must have at least the academic degree "Magister Artium (M.A.)" or "Master of Arts (M.A.)". Please also note that there is no legal entitlement to a specific supervisor.

Writing period

A maximum period of three months from the issueing of the topic (date of signature of the first supervisor) is allowed for the writing of the provided topic & thesis. Upon justified request, the Examination Office may, in agreement with the supervisor, grant an extension of up to six weeks for the submission of the Bachelor’s thesis. An extension of more than six weeks is not possible, even in cases of illness (in these cases it is only possible to withdraw from the registered examination, cf. the section “Withdrawal”).

Change of topic

It is possible to slightly change the focus of the original topic upon written request to the Examination Office, provided that your supervisor supports the request and documents this with his/her signature. Please note that a complete change or reorientation of the topic requires a withdrawal in accordance with the regulations.

There is a one-off opportunity to return the topic no later than one month after being notified of it by the Examination Office and to document this formally with a written request to withdraw from the Bachelor’s thesis registration. In this case, the topic is deemed not to have been issued; there is therefore no failed attempt. Please note that it is not possible to withdraw after this deadline. As an exception, this is only permitted after the deadline if there are valid reasons (in particular inability to take the examination due to illness). In both cases, the thesis must be re-registered later; the newly issued topic must differ significantly in content from the originally issued topic.

Scope and requirements

The text part of the Bachelor’s thesis should contain at least 70,000 characters including spaces and notes (or 35 A4 pages) and may not exceed 120,000 characters including spaces and notes (or 60 A4 pages). The content and form of the thesis must meet the standards of academic work at “Bachelor of Arts” or “Bachelor of Science” level. You should therefore enquire about the specific requirements with your academic advisor. Please also note that the regulation of registration becoming possible after achieving  108 credit points means that you can prepare the Bachelor’s thesis during your studies (as opposed to at the very end of them) thoroughly with the necessary research and readings before registering the thesis during your fifth semester.

Cover sheet/title page

To ensure that all the necessary information appears on the cover page of the Bachelor's thesis, please follow this template:  Sample cover page (DOCX). Please note that it is not allowed to place the University’s official seal or the Faculty’s logo on this page or anywhere else. The copyright is held by the University and the Faculty respectively; unauthorized use may result in legal consequences.  

Until further notice, Bachelor’s theses must still be submitted digitally AND by mail (three bound copies, see below). The content of the digital version and the written copies must be identical! CD-ROMs and USB sticks no longer need to be attached. As usual, the Examination Office will take care of forwarding the thesis to the first supervisor and the second supervisor. Once submitted, a Bachelor’s thesis cannot be withdrawn!

The thesis must be accompanied by a written declaration ( Declaration of Academic Integrity) in which you affirm that you have written the thesis independently, have not used any sources and aids other than those specified, have marked quotations and have submitted identical digital and written copies. Please note that the use of AI (applications such as ChatGPT) in the preparation of written work is prohibited! It is an unauthorised aid unless its use has been expressly permitted by the supervisors. In cases of doubt, the Examination Office may request a sworn declaration.

Please attach declaration with date and original signature (not digital) as the last page of your thesis (Download Declaration of Academic Integrity here) .  This declaration must be submitted together with the other parts of the thesis, such as the cover sheet, the bibliographies and any appendices, firmly attached to the rest of the thesis (no loose sheets!).

1. digital submission:

Please send the digital version as a text file (Word document or PDF) from your University of Bonn e-mail address to the Examinations Office of the Faculty of Humanities or use the contact form. The hand-signed Declaration of Academic Integrity must be inserted as a scanned document into the Bachelor`’s thesis as the last page. This file of your Bachelor’s thesis will be forwarded to the respective two supervisors by the Examinations Office; submission deadlines are met upon receipt of the electronically sent form at the Examinations Office. As we have already received the document in electronic form from you by e-mail/contact form, you no longer need to send us a CD-ROM or USB stick with the thesis by post until further notice.

2. submission by mail:

Your thesis must be submitted to us in triplicate by mail. Please submit each of these copies in bound form (adhesive, spiral or hardcover binding is the norm). Please also note that the indexes and appendices as well as the cover sheet and the self-signed declaration of academic integrity are part of the thesis and must therefore be firmly bound. The paper version must be submitted by post no later than one week after the submission of the digital version.

3. personal submission:

As the Examination Office has been offering in-person office hours again since March 2023, you can of course also submit your documents to us in person. After you have sent us your thesis digitally via the contact form, you can hand in the three copies of your thesis in person during office hours or by making an individual appointment with the person responsible for you at the Examination Office of the Faculty of Arts at Maximilianstraße 22 (3rd floor).

Please send the three copies to the following address:

University of Bonn Faculty of Philosophy Bachelor/Master Examination Board Am Hof 1 53113 Bonn

Exceeding the submission deadline

If you exceed the deadline for submission, the Bachelor’s thesis must be assessed as "insufficient" (5.0). If necessary, please submit an application for an extension in good time before the deadline (at least three weeks before the deadline).

A failed Bachelor’s thesis can be repeated once . Failed attempts in the same subject at other universities will be recognized. In these cases, the topic can be chosen from another subject area. If the second Bachelor’s thesis is also assessed as "insufficient", the Bachelor's exam has been failed conclusively.

De-registration

In general, you must remain enrolled even after submitting your Bachelor’s thesis or another final exam in your degree program in accordance with § 63 Para. 1, 2nd half-sentence HG; the examination procedure is only completed when it has been determined whether it was successful or unsuccessful. Students who have not re-registered, e.g. in order to save the associated fees, although they are not expected to know their examination result at the end of the previous semester are therefore taking a risk, especially as their uni-ID will be switched off and they will no longer have access to BASIS and their transcripts.

 If you have failed your last examination(s) and have therefore unfortunately not yet obtained your degree, you must re-enroll in order to be able to make another examination attempt. If you have already missed the set re-registration deadline at this point, late re-registration at the Student Registry in accordance with Section 16 of the Enrollment Regulations can only take place later if the missed deadline is excused in writing for an important reason and proof of this is provided. You cannot register for the last outstanding exam before you are re-enrolled. It may also be the case that you can no longer be enrolled in your old examination regulations, but must continue your studies in accordance with the new examination regulations then in use, which may be followed by a time-consuming credit transfer procedure and possibly the loss of credits already earned.

However, if you have properly re-registered, you are entitled to a partial refund of the fees as soon as you have passed the final exam. You can find more information here . 

Underlying provisions

The regulations for the Bachelor’s thesis can be found in the following provisions, depending on which examination regulations you are studying under:

• §§ 18 und 19 der Prüfungsordnung für die Bachelorstudiengänge vom 5. August 2013 in ihrer aktuellen Fassung (BPO 2013)
• §§ 21 und 22 der Prüfungsordnung für die Bachelorstudiengänge und die konsekutiven Masterstudiengänge vom 17. August 2018 in ihrer aktuellen Fassung (BMPO 2018)
• §§ 20 und 21 der Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang „Psychologie“ und den konsekutiven Masterstudiengang „Psychologie“ vom 17. August 2018 in ihrer aktuellen Fassung (Psychologie-BMPO 2018)
• §§ 20 und 21 der Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang „Psychologie“ und den konsekutiven Masterstudiengang „Psychologie“ vom 28. August 2020 in ihrer aktuellen Fassung (Psychologie-BMPO 2020)  

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What makes a Bachelor's thesis different from Master's and PhD theses? [duplicate]

All the three types of research revolve around an argument, a thesis. They of course differ in terms of student level, that is complexity.

But, what makes a bachelor's thesis different from master's and PhD theses in terms of procedures of researching given that all of them may follow the same process of research, questions or hypotheses, review of the literature, methodology, results and discussion?

• research-process
• research-undergraduate

• 13 In a bachelor thesis you are usually not expected to expand the existing body of human knowledge in contrast to a PhD. Bachelor theses are closer to literature reviews. –  Marc Claesen Commented Mar 29, 2014 at 9:08
• 1 I see what you meant but I'm not really convinced. Concerning the contribution to human knowledge, I think this depends on whether the thesis is innovative. If an undergraduate thesis is genuine, it can be published in a respectable academic journal. In that case, it would expand existing body of human knowledge. Concerning its similarity with literature reviews, how can it be similar if the literature review is but a chapter of the thesis? –  EasternRiver Commented Mar 29, 2014 at 10:26
• 5 You are very unlikely to do anything really innovative as a BA, unless you just happen to be lucky to be working in a very new field, or under a very, very good mentor. The idea that you're going to make a meaningful contribution to some well established, famous open problem at 22 is really, really low. –  user10636 Commented Mar 29, 2014 at 12:00
• 2 A PhD thesis requires original research, a master's does not required it, and a bachelor's thesis ... they just do assignments. –  Philip Gibbs Commented Mar 29, 2014 at 15:25
• 6 This graphic is a bit instructive: An illustrated guide to a Ph.D. –  Matthew G. Commented Mar 29, 2014 at 16:37

3 Answers 3

The PhD thesis should be on a much higher level than the Honours/Masters thesis, offering a contribution to human knowledge that is of a sufficient level of "significance" to warrant publication in a respected journal.

Significance is highly subjective, and you also do not necessarily have to publish to be awarded the PhD (sometimes the peer-review delay means that they come out afterwards, or there may be some intellectual property issues that make it beneficial to refrain from publication). It is awarded based on your supervisors consent and a review of academics in your field. So the "significance" would probably be judged by them in terms of how much original work they see as a reasonable expectation at that stage of your development (first 3 years of serious/committed research). Unfortunately it also means that some people who probably do not deserve PhD's are awarded them anyway for fulfilling grunt work for their easy-going supervisors.

It is possible that some Honours/Masters thesis might even be more significant/higher quality than a PhD thesis. Unfortunately, this does not mean that the submission of the thesis will award the degree that they deserve. The university may have a policy to upgrade the student's enrolment if the supervisor senses that such progress is being made. However, it is impossible to upgrade to a PhD without completing Honours and I believe nearly every single university has a policy of a minimum period of enrolment before submission is allowed. A subsequent question that you may have is how to gain a PhD without enrolling in one, which is another level of achievement completely.

As for the difference between Honours/Bachelor and Masters it would depend on your university, but both have no requirement for publication quality research and are usually small tasks/ideas that are not worth the supervisors time to think about alone, or involve a lot of labor. In fact, in my school, many Honours thesis are of a higher level than the Masters, because the smart Honours students will either graduate into the work force or go straight into a PhD. The Masters students are usually those who cannot find a job and are not suited to research. However, I believe some other universities may require a mandatory Masters degree to start the PhD.

You may get a better idea by looking at some titles/abstracts of completed theses. The PhD level will be something like a new method/observation/application whereas the Masters/Honours will be an application specific set of measurements/simulations or even simply a literature review to gauge the needs of future work. The word limits are also typically different (although note that quality is NOT proportional to the number of words), with PhD at 100K, Masters at 50K and Honours at 30K at my university.

Go back to basic definitions... In history of university degrees (500 years ago)

A bachelors degree is about learning existing knowledge. Historically from the book(s) written by the univ staff.

A masters degree, after you have learnt what is already known and in books in your topic area, is about learning evolving knowledge - that is near recent and current literature in academic journals and conference presentations.

A doctorate degree is about creating new knowledge by research.

So it is now easy to understand a thesis/dissertation for each degree.

A bachelors degree should be a critique of existing knowledge, often looking for inconsistencies in view points from different sources and synthesising arguments or positions in a DISSERTATION )that is you disserting !

A masters thesis (thesis is Greek for 'I believe') can be either an assembly of new knowledge from new published research or simply a critique and integration. It might have propositions (not hypotheses) that the masters student offers as a conclusion from bringing together new knowledge from different sources.

A doctoral thesis is where the author undertakes research, usually collecting primary new data which is presented as both factual findings and conceptual findings and thus new knowledge in the form of a new model or theory. Also possible, is to challenge existing knowledge and show earlier published knowledge is invalid.

Well that's what they all should be. In practice there is some overlap and different universities and faculties have their own custom and practice. It all starts to break down about 40 years ago when a masters degree become post graduate in time rather than post graduate in level. Thus engineers with a bachelor degree might take an MBA to make them more employable and did more a less a bachelor degree in business in 18 months rather than 3 years as they were already a graduate.

But still thinking in the above categories can help students today focus on the overall agenda.

I have examined over 55 PhD theses. And several hundred masters theses and I base my approach to assessment on the above.

Prof Peter Woolliams, B.Sc(hons), B.A., PhD, Emeritus professor, Anglian Ruskin College Cambridge, U K

• Your answer is very clear. However, I have come across many Bachelor's and especially Master's theses following the processes of research. personally, I am writing my Bachelor's thesis. I've followed the same of research. Specifically I've used online ethnography, collected data through participant observation and interviews, and trying to analyze data through constant comparative method. My supervisor did not impose this on me, but students have to follow the processes of research, literature review, data collection and analysis and discussion, etc. I really wonder if I am doing it wrong. –  EasternRiver Commented Mar 29, 2014 at 20:51
• 1 As I said, many units and supervisor have their local specific requirements, peter –  Prof Peter Woolliams Commented Mar 30, 2014 at 10:14

Roughly speaking, there are three levels of tasks:

• Application

For a Bachelor's thesis, you would only expect 1 and 2, that is the student should do something (e.g. solve a well-defined problem) with the knowledge they have aquired during their studies.

For Master's thesis, you would want to have a non-trivial amount of 3, that is the student should transfer the competences aquired during studies to new problems. This usually includes (more) extensive literature research.

A formal difference that (imho) derives from the above is volume; Bachelor's theses typically award less credits than Master's theses and should thus take up less time and fewer pages.

• 1 Note that excellent students will often move to 3 in their Bachelor's thesis and on to independent research in their Master's thesis. That's fair, encouraged even, but should by no means be required. –  Raphael Commented Mar 29, 2014 at 14:26

Not the answer you're looking for? Browse other questions tagged phd research-process masters research-undergraduate .

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• What Is a Thesis? | Ultimate Guide & Examples

What Is a Thesis? | Ultimate Guide & Examples

Published on September 14, 2022 by Tegan George . Revised on April 16, 2024.

A thesis is a type of research paper based on your original research. It is usually submitted as the final step of a master’s program or a capstone to a bachelor’s degree.

Writing a thesis can be a daunting experience. Other than a dissertation , it is one of the longest pieces of writing students typically complete. It relies on your ability to conduct research from start to finish: choosing a relevant topic , crafting a proposal , designing your research , collecting data , developing a robust analysis, drawing strong conclusions , and writing concisely .

Thesis template

You can also download our full thesis template in the format of your choice below. Our template includes a ready-made table of contents , as well as guidance for what each chapter should include. It’s easy to make it your own, and can help you get started.

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Table of contents

Thesis vs. thesis statement, how to structure a thesis, acknowledgements or preface, list of figures and tables, list of abbreviations, introduction, literature review, methodology, reference list, proofreading and editing, defending your thesis, other interesting articles, frequently asked questions about theses.

You may have heard the word thesis as a standalone term or as a component of academic writing called a thesis statement . Keep in mind that these are two very different things.

• A thesis statement is a very common component of an essay, particularly in the humanities. It usually comprises 1 or 2 sentences in the introduction of your essay , and should clearly and concisely summarize the central points of your academic essay .
• A thesis is a long-form piece of academic writing, often taking more than a full semester to complete. It is generally a degree requirement for Master’s programs, and is also sometimes required to complete a bachelor’s degree in liberal arts colleges.
• In the US, a dissertation is generally written as a final step toward obtaining a PhD.
• In other countries (particularly the UK), a dissertation is generally written at the bachelor’s or master’s level.

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The final structure of your thesis depends on a variety of components, such as:

• Your discipline
• Your theoretical approach

Humanities theses are often structured more like a longer-form essay . Just like in an essay, you build an argument to support a central thesis.

In both hard and social sciences, theses typically include an introduction , literature review , methodology section ,  results section , discussion section , and conclusion section . These are each presented in their own dedicated section or chapter. In some cases, you might want to add an appendix .

Thesis examples

We’ve compiled a short list of thesis examples to help you get started.

• Example thesis #1:   “Abolition, Africans, and Abstraction: the Influence of the ‘Noble Savage’ on British and French Antislavery Thought, 1787-1807” by Suchait Kahlon.
• Example thesis #2: “’A Starving Man Helping Another Starving Man’: UNRRA, India, and the Genesis of Global Relief, 1943-1947″ by Julian Saint Reiman.

The very first page of your thesis contains all necessary identifying information, including:

• Your full title
• Your full name
• Your department
• Your institution and degree program
• Your submission date.

Sometimes the title page also includes your student ID, the name of your supervisor, or the university’s logo. Check out your university’s guidelines if you’re not sure.

Read more about title pages

The acknowledgements section is usually optional. Its main point is to allow you to thank everyone who helped you in your thesis journey, such as supervisors, friends, or family. You can also choose to write a preface , but it’s typically one or the other, not both.

Read more about acknowledgements Read more about prefaces

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An abstract is a short summary of your thesis. Usually a maximum of 300 words long, it’s should include brief descriptions of your research objectives , methods, results, and conclusions. Though it may seem short, it introduces your work to your audience, serving as a first impression of your thesis.

Read more about abstracts

A table of contents lists all of your sections, plus their corresponding page numbers and subheadings if you have them. This helps your reader seamlessly navigate your document.

Your table of contents should include all the major parts of your thesis. In particular, don’t forget the the appendices. If you used heading styles, it’s easy to generate an automatic table Microsoft Word.

Read more about tables of contents

While not mandatory, if you used a lot of tables and/or figures, it’s nice to include a list of them to help guide your reader. It’s also easy to generate one of these in Word: just use the “Insert Caption” feature.

Read more about lists of figures and tables

If you have used a lot of industry- or field-specific abbreviations in your thesis, you should include them in an alphabetized list of abbreviations . This way, your readers can easily look up any meanings they aren’t familiar with.

Read more about lists of abbreviations

Relatedly, if you find yourself using a lot of very specialized or field-specific terms that may not be familiar to your reader, consider including a glossary . Alphabetize the terms you want to include with a brief definition.

Read more about glossaries

An introduction sets up the topic, purpose, and relevance of your thesis, as well as expectations for your reader. This should:

• Ground your research topic , sharing any background information your reader may need
• Define the scope of your work
• Introduce any existing research on your topic, situating your work within a broader problem or debate
• State your research question(s)
• Outline (briefly) how the remainder of your work will proceed

In other words, your introduction should clearly and concisely show your reader the “what, why, and how” of your research.

Read more about introductions

A literature review helps you gain a robust understanding of any extant academic work on your topic, encompassing:

• Selecting relevant sources
• Determining the credibility of your sources
• Critically evaluating each of your sources
• Drawing connections between sources, including any themes, patterns, conflicts, or gaps

A literature review is not merely a summary of existing work. Rather, your literature review should ultimately lead to a clear justification for your own research, perhaps via:

• Addressing a gap in the literature
• Building on existing knowledge to draw new conclusions
• Exploring a new theoretical or methodological approach
• Introducing a new solution to an unresolved problem
• Definitively advocating for one side of a theoretical debate

Read more about literature reviews

Theoretical framework

Your literature review can often form the basis for your theoretical framework, but these are not the same thing. A theoretical framework defines and analyzes the concepts and theories that your research hinges on.

Read more about theoretical frameworks

Your methodology chapter shows your reader how you conducted your research. It should be written clearly and methodically, easily allowing your reader to critically assess the credibility of your argument. Furthermore, your methods section should convince your reader that your method was the best way to answer your research question.

A methodology section should generally include:

• Your overall approach ( quantitative vs. qualitative )
• Your research methods (e.g., a longitudinal study )
• Your data collection methods (e.g., interviews or a controlled experiment
• Any tools or materials you used (e.g., computer software)
• The data analysis methods you chose (e.g., statistical analysis , discourse analysis )
• A strong, but not defensive justification of your methods

Read more about methodology sections

Your results section should highlight what your methodology discovered. These two sections work in tandem, but shouldn’t repeat each other. While your results section can include hypotheses or themes, don’t include any speculation or new arguments here.

Your results section should:

• State each (relevant) result with any (relevant) descriptive statistics (e.g., mean , standard deviation ) and inferential statistics (e.g., test statistics , p values )
• Explain how each result relates to the research question
• Determine whether the hypothesis was supported

Additional data (like raw numbers or interview transcripts ) can be included as an appendix . You can include tables and figures, but only if they help the reader better understand your results.

Read more about results sections

Your discussion section is where you can interpret your results in detail. Did they meet your expectations? How well do they fit within the framework that you built? You can refer back to any relevant source material to situate your results within your field, but leave most of that analysis in your literature review.

For any unexpected results, offer explanations or alternative interpretations of your data.

Read more about discussion sections

Your thesis conclusion should concisely answer your main research question. It should leave your reader with an ultra-clear understanding of your central argument, and emphasize what your research specifically has contributed to your field.

Why does your research matter? What recommendations for future research do you have? Lastly, wrap up your work with any concluding remarks.

Read more about conclusions

In order to avoid plagiarism , don’t forget to include a full reference list at the end of your thesis, citing the sources that you used. Choose one citation style and follow it consistently throughout your thesis, taking note of the formatting requirements of each style.

Which style you choose is often set by your department or your field, but common styles include MLA , Chicago , and APA.

Create APA citations Create MLA citations

In order to stay clear and concise, your thesis should include the most essential information needed to answer your research question. However, chances are you have many contributing documents, like interview transcripts or survey questions . These can be added as appendices , to save space in the main body.

Read more about appendices

Once you’re done writing, the next part of your editing process begins. Leave plenty of time for proofreading and editing prior to submission. Nothing looks worse than grammar mistakes or sloppy spelling errors!

Consider using a professional thesis editing service or grammar checker to make sure your final project is perfect.

Once you’ve submitted your final product, it’s common practice to have a thesis defense, an oral component of your finished work. This is scheduled by your advisor or committee, and usually entails a presentation and Q&A session.

After your defense , your committee will meet to determine if you deserve any departmental honors or accolades. However, keep in mind that defenses are usually just a formality. If there are any serious issues with your work, these should be resolved with your advisor way before a defense.

If you want to know more about AI for academic writing, AI tools, or research bias, make sure to check out some of our other articles with explanations and examples or go directly to our tools!

Research bias

• Survivorship bias
• Self-serving bias
• Availability heuristic
• Halo effect
• Hindsight bias
• Deep learning
• Generative AI
• Machine learning
• Reinforcement learning
• Supervised vs. unsupervised learning

 (AI) Tools

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The conclusion of your thesis or dissertation shouldn’t take up more than 5–7% of your overall word count.

If you only used a few abbreviations in your thesis or dissertation , you don’t necessarily need to include a list of abbreviations .

If your abbreviations are numerous, or if you think they won’t be known to your audience, it’s never a bad idea to add one. They can also improve readability, minimizing confusion about abbreviations unfamiliar to your reader.

When you mention different chapters within your text, it’s considered best to use Roman numerals for most citation styles. However, the most important thing here is to remain consistent whenever using numbers in your dissertation .

A thesis or dissertation outline is one of the most critical first steps in your writing process. It helps you to lay out and organize your ideas and can provide you with a roadmap for deciding what kind of research you’d like to undertake.

Generally, an outline contains information on the different sections included in your thesis or dissertation , such as:

• Your anticipated title
• Your abstract
• Your chapters (sometimes subdivided into further topics like literature review , research methods , avenues for future research, etc.)

A thesis is typically written by students finishing up a bachelor’s or Master’s degree. Some educational institutions, particularly in the liberal arts, have mandatory theses, but they are often not mandatory to graduate from bachelor’s degrees. It is more common for a thesis to be a graduation requirement from a Master’s degree.

Even if not mandatory, you may want to consider writing a thesis if you:

• Plan to attend graduate school soon
• Have a particular topic you’d like to study more in-depth
• Are considering a career in research
• Would like a capstone experience to tie up your academic experience

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What is a thesis?

What is a dissertation, getting started, staying on track.

A thesis is a long-term project that you work on over the course of a semester or a year. Theses have a very wide variety of styles and content, so we encourage you to look at prior examples and work closely with faculty to develop yours. 

Before you begin, make sure that you are familiar with the dissertation genre—what it is for and what it looks like.

Generally speaking, a dissertation’s purpose is to prove that you have the expertise necessary to fulfill your doctoral-degree requirements by showing depth of knowledge and independent thinking.

The form of a dissertation may vary by discipline. Be sure to follow the specific guidelines of your department.

• PhD This site directs candidates to the GSAS website about dissertations , with links to checklists,  planning, formatting, acknowledgments, submission, and publishing options. There is also a link to guidelines for the prospectus . Consult with your committee chair about specific requirements and standards for your dissertation.
• DDES This document covers planning, patent filing, submission guidelines, publishing options, formatting guidelines, sample pages, citation guidelines, and a list of common errors to avoid. There is also a link to guidelines for the prospectus .
• Scholarly Pursuits (GSAS) This searchable booklet from Harvard GSAS is a comprehensive guide to writing dissertations, dissertation-fellowship applications, academic journal articles, and academic job documents.

Finding an original topic can be a daunting and overwhelming task. These key concepts can help you focus and save time.

Finding a topic for your thesis or dissertation should start with a research question that excites or at least interests you. A rigorous, engaging, and original project will require continuous curiosity about your topic, about your own thoughts on the topic, and about what other scholars have said on your topic. Avoid getting boxed in by thinking you know what you want to say from the beginning; let your research and your writing evolve as you explore and fine-tune your focus through constant questioning and exploration.

Get a sense of the broader picture before you narrow your focus and attempt to frame an argument. Read, skim, and otherwise familiarize yourself with what other scholars have done in areas related to your proposed topic. Briefly explore topics tangentially related to yours to broaden your perspective and increase your chance of finding a unique angle to pursue.

Critical Reading

Critical reading is the opposite of passive reading. Instead of merely reading for information to absorb, critical reading also involves careful, sustained thinking about what you are reading. This process may include analyzing the author’s motives and assumptions, asking what might be left out of the discussion, considering what you agree with or disagree with in the author’s statements and why you agree or disagree, and exploring connections or contradictions between scholarly arguments. Here is a resource to help hone your critical-reading skills:

http://writing.umn.edu/sws/assets/pdf/quicktips/criticalread.pdf

Conversation

Your thesis or dissertation will incorporate some ideas from other scholars whose work you researched. By reading critically and following your curiosity, you will develop your own ideas and claims, and these contributions are the core of your project. You will also acknowledge the work of scholars who came before you, and you must accurately and fairly attribute this work and define your place within the larger discussion. Make sure that you know how to quote, summarize, paraphrase ,  integrate , and cite secondary sources to avoid plagiarism and to show the depth and breadth of your knowledge.

A thesis is a long-term, large project that involves both research and writing; it is easy to lose focus, motivation, and momentum. Here are suggestions for achieving the result you want in the time you have.

The dissertation is probably the largest project you have undertaken, and a lot of the work is self-directed. The project can feel daunting or even overwhelming unless you break it down into manageable pieces and create a timeline for completing each smaller task. Be realistic but also challenge yourself, and be forgiving of yourself if you miss a self-imposed deadline here and there.

Your program will also have specific deadlines for different requirements, including establishing a committee, submitting a prospectus, completing the dissertation, defending the dissertation, and submitting your work. Consult your department’s website for these dates and incorporate them into the timeline for your work.

Accountability

Sometimes self-imposed deadlines do not feel urgent unless there is accountability to someone beyond yourself. To increase your motivation to complete tasks on schedule, set dates with your committee chair to submit pre-determined pieces of a chapter. You can also arrange with a fellow doctoral student to check on each other’s progress. Research and writing can be lonely, so it is also nice to share that journey with someone and support each other through the process.

Common Pitfalls

The most common challenges for students writing a dissertation are writer’s block, information-overload, and the compulsion to keep researching forever.

There are many strategies for avoiding writer’s block, such as freewriting, outlining, taking a walk, starting in the middle, and creating an ideal work environment for your particular learning style. Pay attention to what helps you and try different things until you find what works.

Efficient researching techniques are essential to avoiding information-overload. Here are a couple of resources about strategies for finding sources and quickly obtaining essential information from them.

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/subject_specific_writing/writing_in_literature/writing_in_literature_detailed_discussion/reading_criticism.html

https://students.dartmouth.edu/academic-skills/learning-resources/learning-strategies/reading-techniques

Finally, remember that there is always more to learn and your dissertation cannot incorporate everything. Follow your curiosity but also set limits on the scope of your work. It helps to create a folder entitled “future projects” for topics and sources that interest you but that do not fit neatly into the dissertation. Also remember that future scholars will build off of your work, so leave something for them to do.

Browsing through theses and dissertations of the past can help to get a sense of your options and gain inspiration but be careful to use current guidelines and refer to your committee instead of relying on these examples for form or formatting.

DASH Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard.

HOLLIS Harvard Library’s catalog provides access to ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global .

MIT Architecture has a list of their graduates’ dissertations and theses.

Rhode Island School of Design has a list of their graduates’ dissertations and theses.

University of South Florida has a list of their graduates’ dissertations and theses.

Harvard GSD has a list of projects, including theses and professors’ research.

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Maschinenbau

Project work and final theses

Bachelor theses, currently advertised bachelor's theses.

Here you will find an overview of all the current offers for Bachelor's theses in the various fields of mechanical engineering. And if there is nothing suitable for you, simply contact the staff of the departments you are interested in directly.

Entwicklung eines Informationsmodells für modulare Anlagen

Development of an information model for modular plants

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Institut für Fluidsystemtechnik (FST)

Supervisor : Sascha Lamm, M.Sc.

Announcement as PDF

Entwicklung einer dynamischen Ansteuerung für paraffinbasierte Dehnstoffaktoren

Integration of an electric heater in paraffin-based expansion actuators

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Produktionstechnik und Umformmaschinen (PtU)

Supervisor : Tim Schmitt, M. Sc.

Weiterentwicklung eines Prozessmodels für Wirbelschichtvergasung von Biomasse in Aspen Plus

Ausschreibung Bachelor/ Masterthesis

Energiesysteme und Energietechnik (EST)

Supervisors : M.Sc. Marc Siodlaczek, M.Sc. Jens Kaltenmorgen

Auslegung eines segmentierten Niederhalters zum Tiefziehen von Papier

Design of a segmented blank holder for deep drawing of paper

Supervisors : Cédric Brunk , M. Sc., Jonas Bart, M. Sc.

Additiv gefertigte Oberflächenstrukturen zur Steigerung des Wärmeübergangs beim Sieden

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Produktentwicklung und Maschinenelemente (pmd)

Supervisor : Moritz Schäfle, M.Sc.

Entwicklung und Implementierung eines Anwendertools zur Gewichtung von Aspekten der Nachhaltigkeit, Produktivität und Bauteilqualität im laserbasierten Pulverbettschmelzen

Development and implementation of a user tool for weighting aspects of sustainability, productivity and component quality in laser-based powder bed fusion

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Institut für Produktionsmanagement, Technologie und Werkzeugmaschinen (PTW), TEC | Fertigungstechnologie

Supervisors : David Köcher, M.Sc., Josef Lee, M.Sc.

Erweiterung eines 2D Tools zur Berechnung von Ringspalten mittels objektorientierter Programmierung

Extension of a 2D tool for the calculation of annular gaps using object-orientated programming

The dynamic behaviour of modern turbomachinery, such as those used in fuel pumps in the aerospace industry (e.g. Ariane 5 launch vehicle), is largely determined by the dynamic properties of combined axial and radial annular gaps. The identification of these properties is often associated with great experimental and numerical effort. However, a time-effective calculation is indispensable for the prediction of modern turbomachinery. For this reason, an existing tool for the efficient calculation of axial flow annular gaps is to be extended at the FST to the calculation of combined axial and radial flow gaps.

Supervisor : Dr.-Ing. Maximilian Kuhr

Erweiterung eines 2D Tools zur Berechnung von Ringspalten mit Zweiphasenströmung

Extension of a 2D tool for the calculation of annular gaps with two-phase flow

The dynamic behaviour of modern turbomachinery, such as those used in fuel pumps in the aerospace industry (e.g. Ariane 5 launch vehicle), is largely determined by the dynamic properties of annular gaps. For operational or design reasons, it is possible for the flow in the annular gap to be single-phase or two-phase. Depending on the gas content, however, this has a significant effect on the dynamic properties of the annular gap. For this reason, an existing tool for the efficient calculation of axial flow through annular gaps is to be extended to the calculation of two-phase flows at the FST, building on preliminary work.

Innovatives Thermalmanagement am neuen Thermalsystemprüfstand des VKMs

Innovative thermal management on the VKM's new thermal system test bed

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Fahrzeugantriebe (VKM)

Supervisor : Luis Vincent Fiore, M. Sc.

Workshop-basierte Entwicklung von externen Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstellen für automatisierte Fahrzeuge: Förderung prosozialen Verhaltens im städtischen Mischverkehr

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Institut für Arbeitswissenschaft (IAD)

Supervisor : M.Sc. Felix Friedrich

Förderung prosozialen Verhaltens in der Mensch-Roboter-Interaktion: Untersuchung der Übertragbarkeit auf automatisierte Fahrzeuge

Erweiterung der prozessgrenzen des flexiblen rollsickens durch eine mehrstufige umformung.

Extension of the process limits of flexible roller beading through multi-stage forming

Supervisor : Franz-Josef Jaklin, M. Sc.

Thermische Simulation eines Korrosionssensors für den Einsatz in Müllverbrennungsanlagen

Supervisors : M.Sc. Adrian Marx, Yannik Lichtmannegger, M.Sc.

Generierung synthetischer Datensätze für die intelligente Justierung von Richtprozessen mithilfe von KI

Generation of synthetic data sets for the intelligent adjustment of straightening processes using AI

Supervisor : Johannes Hofmann, M. Sc.

Automatisierung und Energieflexibilität in der industriellen Teilereinigung durch Einsatz von OPC-UA

Automation and energy flexibility in industrial parts cleaning using OPC-UA

Supervisors : Lina Kramer, M.Sc., Dr.-Ing. Daniel Fuhrländer-Völker

Simulation and Optimization of Corrugated Boards

Papierfabrikation und Mechanische Verfahrenstechnik (PMV)

Supervisor : M.Sc. Ricardo Fitas

Corrugated Board Compression Modeling

Machine Learning for the Mechanical Modeling of Corrugated Board Compression

Additiv gefertigte Multimaterialsysteme - Mit additiver Fertigung das Unmögliche möglich machen

Experimentelle untersuchungen verschiedener packungsgeometrien für die co2-rauchgaswäsche.

Experimental investigation of different packing geometries in the context of CO2 flue gas scrubbing

Supervisor : M.Sc. Lisa Hassel

FEM-Modell für Rotorprüfstand mit einem aktiven Piezo-Lager

am Institut für Mechatronische Systeme im Maschinenbau

At the IMS, the potential for increasing the efficiency of powertrains by knowing the speed to be expected in the next few seconds is being investigated on the basis of AI-based predictions.

The Kolmogorov-Arnold networks (KAN) approach presented in April 2024 promises faster training, improved accuracy and interpretability compared to conventional multi-layer perceptrons (MLP). So far, only a simple Matlab implementation of KANs with basic functionality exists.

The aim of this advertised work is to realise a KAN implementation against the background of the Matlab Deep Learning Toolbox and to use it for speed prediction.

A data set comprising over 29,000 kilometres is available as a data basis.

Institut für Mechatronische Systeme im Maschinenbau (IMS), Fachbereich Maschinenbau

Supervisors : Hossein Ghaemi, M.Sc., Julia Jeßberger, M.Sc.

Systematische Literaturrecherche zum Thema Umsetzung von Energieflexibilität im Produktionsumfeld

A systematic review of the literature on the topic of implementing energy flexibility in the production environment

Supervisor : Lina Kramer, M.Sc.

CFD-gestützte Analyse der Verschmutzungsneigung von Müllverbrennungsanlagen

CFD-Based Analysis of the Fouling Tendency in Waste Incineration Plants

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Energiesysteme und Energietechnik (EST)

Supervisor : Yannik Lichtmannegger, M.Sc.

Untersuchung des Technologiereifegrades von Carnot-Batterien

Investigation of the technology readiness level of Carnot batteries

Due to the increasing share of renewable energies in electricity generation as part of the energy transition, the need for energy storage systems that can bridge the time lag between generation and consumption is also growing. One possible form of storage is Carnot batteries, which temporarily store electrical energy by converting it into thermal energy. They compete with other electricity storage technologies, which have various degrees of technological maturity.

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Technische Thermodynamik (TTD)

Supervisor : Lauritz Zendel, M.Sc.

Verdunstungsbedingte Ablagerungsmuster aus den Tropfen einer Nanosuspension auf einem Nanofasermatten-Substrat

Evaporation-induced deposition patterns from the droplets of a nanosuspension on a nanofibre mat substrate

Supervisor : Amirhossein Khazayialiabad, M.Sc.

Analytische Modellbildung zur Faltenbildung im Tiefziehen von Papier

Analytical modelling of wrinkle formation in paper deep drawing

Supervisor : Cédric Brunk , M. Sc.

HiWi/Bachelorand gesucht: Experimentelle Systemcharakterisierung eines inkrementellen Oberflächenfinish-Verfahrens

Experimentel system study for an incremental surface finishing process

Supervisor : Philipp Schumann, M. Sc.

Analyse der Zusammensetzung des Maschinenparks im produzierenden Gewerbe der EU

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Institut für Produktionsmanagement, Technologie und Werkzeugmaschinen (PTW), ETA | Energietechnologien und Anwendungen in der Produktion

Supervisors : Ghada Elserafi, M.Sc. M.Sc., Borys Ioshchikhes, M.Sc.

Entwicklung und Validierung einer Schichtbasierten Geometrieanalyse in der additiven Fertigung

Development and validation of a layer-based geometry analysis in additive manufacturing

Supervisor : David Köcher, M.Sc.

Characterization of ignition and combustion of woods for understanding wildfire spreading

Wildfire is a common natural disaster, which causes huge damage to the environment and humans’ life and properties. To extinguish wildfires and/or minimize its impact, a good prediction of their spreading properties, such as direction and velocity, are crucial. Since wildfire spreading is a very complicated large-scale phenomenon involving complex geometries, flow conditions, and combustion, the investigation of them usually remains at a macro level without digging into the physics of some essential components of the problem.

Therefore, there is a significant gap of fundamental knowledge that hurdles a reliable simulation/forecast of wildfire spreading. To improve our understanding and thus better prediction of wildfire spreading, the fundamental combustion properties of wood, one of the essential components, need to be studied under a well-controlled condition. Under co-flow conditions, where the spreading direction of the wildfire is the same as that of wind, the ignition and combustion of trees occur in a high-temperature and low-oxygen atmosphere.

This project will apply advanced optical techniques, e.g., infrared thermometry, to study the fundamental ignition and combustion properties of woods (in the form of stick) under a representative co-flow condition that can be produced by a laminar flow reactor.

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Reaktive Strömungen und Messtechnik (RSM)

Supervisor : Dr. Daoguan Ning

Simulation des Drehwinkels für Rundknetprozesse zur Herstellung der Implantate der Zukunft

Simulation of the angle of rotation for rotary swaging processes to manufacture the implants of the future

Supervisor : Lukas Kluy, M. Sc.

Experimental Investigation of Premixed Combustion in a Porous Media Burner for High-power and Low-emission Energy Applications

As emission regulations tighten and policies evolve to address global climate change, reducing pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions has become a top priority in combustion research. The advanced combustion concept of matrix-stabilized combustion is essential for achieving low emissions and improved flame stabilization in fuel-lean conditions. Combustion within an inert porous matrix differs significantly from conventional burners that use a free flame. Porous media burners (PMBs) rely on the principle that the solid porous matrix internally recirculates heat from combustion products back to the reactants. This internal heat recirculation in PMBs lowers the lean flammability limit of fuel-air mixtures, enabling lower emissions, reduced thermal stresses due to lower flame temperatures, and complete fuel conversion through lean combustion. However, stabilizing these flames within the porous matrix poses challenges due to the complex thermophysical, transport, and heat-transfer processes involved.

The objective of this project is to install a well-designed PMB in the RSM laboratories and perform the first experimental investigation using different pore structures and fuel mixtures.

Supervisor : Dr.-Ing. Tao Li

Development of a Novel Laminar Flow Reactor for Optical Measurements of Biomass Flames in NH3-enriched Atmospheres

As the push for sustainable energy solutions intensifies, the combustion of biomass solid fuels in ammonia (NH3)-enriched atmospheres presents a promising path forward. This approach not only leverages renewable biomass resources but also explores the potential of ammonia as a carbon-free hydrogen carrier and fuel. To deepen our understanding of the combustion dynamics and emission characteristics under these conditions, we propose the development of a novel laminar flow reactor specifically designed for optical measurements of biomass solid fuel flames in an NH3-enriched atmosphere.

Development of a hydrogen combustor for high-temperature, highpressure, and high-turbulence conditions

As global climate policies become increasingly stringent, reducing pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions has become a paramount objective in combustion research. Hydrogen-powered combustors promise to reduce pollutant emissions, particularly NOx, while enhancing efficiency and performance under extreme conditions. However, harnessing hydrogen's potential requires overcoming significant technical challenges, particularly in designing combustors that can operate under extreme conditions while minimizing emissions. A better fundamental understanding of hydrogen combustion requires urgently experimental research efforts. This project focuses on developing a lab-scale hydrogen-powered combustor capable of operating under high-temperature, high-pressure, and high-turbulence conditions.

Systematische Analyse von Befundungskriterienin der Kreislaufwirtschaft

Systematic analysis of inspection criteria in the circular economy

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Institut für Produktionsmanagement, Technologie und Werkzeugmaschinen (PTW), MiP | Management industrieller Produktion

Supervisor : Sophie Sandner, M.Sc.

Optimierung der Wärmeverteilung in Dehnstoffaktoren durch galvanisch metallisierte, additiv gefertigte Polymergitterstrukturen

Supervisor : Marco Noack, M.Sc.

Data Augmentation mithilfe generativer KI-Methoden zur Abbildung kontinuierlicher Zielgrößen auf Basis diskreter Datensätze in der Umformtechnik

Data augmentation using generative AI methods to map continuous target variables based on discrete data sets in forming technology

Supervisors : Johannes Hofmann, M. Sc., Ciarán Veitenheimer, M. Sc.

Optimierung der Wärmeleitung in paraffinbasierten Dehnstoffaktoren

Optimization of heat conduction in paraffin-based expansion actuators

Entwicklung einer Struktur zum Austausch werkstoffwissenschaftlicher Forschungsdaten

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Werkstoffkunde (MPA-IfW), Institut für Werkstoffkunde (IfW)

Supervisors : Josef Schönherr, M.Sc., Dipl.-Ing. Marius Hofmann

Experimental investigation of the gasification kinetics of biomass residues by thermogravimetric analysis

Supervisors : M.Sc. Mohammad Shahrivar, M.Sc. Marc Siodlaczek

Auswertung von Versuchsdaten aus der 1 MWth Versuchsanlage zum Thema Abscheidung von Schadstoffemissionen in Kraftwerken in Matlab mit optionaler Erweiterung im Bereich des maschinellen Lernens

Ausschreibung Bachelorthesis

Supervisor : M.Sc. Alexander Kuhn

Data science and model development for designing future clean energy systems

Motivation & Background

To achieve current climate goals, rapid technological changes are necessary. Data driven model development from large-scale simulations will be a crucial pillar for future engineers, enabling a swift transition of the energy system through innovative technical solutions.

The Institute for Simulation of Reactive Thermo-Fluid Systems (STFS) is at the forefront of pioneering advancements in large-scale simulations and AI-driven model development. Our mission is to lead groundbreaking research and development efforts, leveraging cutting- edge AI and HPC resources to solve complex problems and drive technological innovation. Your contributions to this exciting venture are most welcome!

Are you a visionary engineer with a passion for large-scale data sets and cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) technologies? Do you thrive on transforming complex data into

next-generation models that drive innovation? Do you have a strong programming background (preferably in python/C++), and proficiency in Unix-based systems? If so, we encourage you to contact us for more information!

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Simulation reaktiver Thermo-Fluid Systeme

Supervisors : Vinzenz Schuh, M.Sc. M.Sc., Dr.-Ing. Hendrik Nicolai

Development of a Distributed test platform for automotive systems: launch process study

Shared test platforms can realize multi-functionality investigations at the early stage of the vehicle powertrain development.

At IMS, the CONNECT (powertrain test bench) and Driveception (driving simulator) are integrated for a distributed measurement of powertrain dynamics and their impact on subjective perception during the launch process. The student work will be focused on the realization of the test bench networking and its real-time performance for the launch process study.

Supervisor : Dr.-Ing. Zhihong Liu

Sensorintegration und KI-basierte Datenanalyse zur Überwachung von Umformprozessen

Sensor integration and AI-driven data analysis for production process monitoring

Qualifizierung des Pbf-Lb für die Erzeugung komplexer Geometrien aus einer seltenen Erde

Untersuchung der abgaszusammensetzung eines chemical looping prozesses mittels ftir-analysator.

Supervisors : Fabiola Panitz , M.Sc., M.Sc. Philipp Mohn

Erweiterung eines Emissionsmodelles zur systemischen Analyse und Bewertung der Well-to-Wheel CO2-Bilanz

Extension of an emissions model for systemic analysis and evaluation of the well-to-wheel CO2 balance

Supervisors : Philipp Lavall, M.Sc., Luis Vincent Fiore, M. Sc.

Entwicklung einer Methode zur in-situ Messung der Eisenpartikelbeladung in einer Rohrströumung

Im transdisziplinären Forschungsverbund Clean Circles wird ein innovativer kohlenstofffreier Energie-Stoffkreislauf untersucht. Hierbei wird elektrische Energie aus erneuerbaren Quellen in Eisen eingespeichert, welche über thermochemische Oxidation ausgespeichert und in thermischen Kraftwerken rückverstromt werden kann. Hierfür ist es notwendig ein tiefgehendes Verständnis der Oxidationsprozesse der Eisenpartikel zu haben. Laminare Eisenstaubflammen erlauben es in simplen Strömungsfeldern Reaktions- und Transportphänomene einer Partikeldispersion zu untersuchen, womit wertvolles Wissen für die Kraftwerksauslegung gewonnen werden kann.

Zur Erzeugung einer homogenen Partikeldispersion ist ein sogenannter Seeder unerlässlich. Am Institut ist bereits ein elektrostatischer Seeder vorhanden. Für die genaue Charakterisierung des Betriebes ist es erforderlich, die Eisenpartikelbeladung in der Strömung zu messen zu messen. In dieser Bachelorarbeit soll daher die Entwicklung und Evaluation eines Messaufbaus für Eisenpartikelbeladung im Fokus stehen.

Supervisor : Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Krenn

Konkretisierung des Resilienzbegriffs innerhalb der industriellen Produktion

Concretisation of the term resilience within the industrial production

Fachbereich Maschinenbau, Institut für Produktionsmanagement, Technologie und Werkzeugmaschinen (PTW), CiP | Center für industrielle Produktivität

Supervisors : Daniel Bentz, M.Sc., Maximilian Steinmeyer, M.Sc.

Erweiterung eines Produktivitäts-Dashboards und Integration neuer Analysefunktionen

Adaption of a productivity dashboard and integration of advanced analysis features

Supervisor : Fabian Hock, M.Eng.

Entwurf und Inbetriebnahme eines Messsystems am Pumpen-Prüfstand zur Untersuchung von Verschleiß

Design and commissioning of a measuring system at the pump test rig for the investigation of wear

Supervisor : Pascal Moor, M.Sc.

Strömungssimulation eines geschleppten Ottomotors mittels Converge CFD

Flow simulation of a motored gasoline engine using Converge CFD

Supervisors : Max Hasenzahl, M.Sc., Vinzenz Schuh, M.Sc. M.Sc.

Hydrodynamische Optimierung der Chemical Looping Verbrennung durch Ähnlichkeitsstudien am Kaltmodell

Supervisors : M.Sc. Philipp Mohn, Dr.-Ing. Falko Marx

3D Biodruck von Faser-additivierter Biotinte für Muskel- und Nervenmodell

Druckmaschinen und Druckverfahren (IDD)

Supervisor : Annabelle Neuhäusler, M.Sc.

Announcement as PPTX

Conceptual Design and Techno-Economic Analysis of a High Temperature Regeneration Preheater for Efficient CO2 Capture from Lime and Cement Plants

Konzeptionierung und Technisch-wirtschaftliche Bewertung eines Hochtemperatur-Regenerationsvorwärmers für die effizienten CO2-Abscheidung aus Kalk- und Zementwerken

Supervisor : M.Sc. Martin Nicolas Greco Coppi

Techno-Economic Analysis and Optimization of Hybrid Absorption Processes for CO2 Capture from Lime and Cement Plants

Technisch-wirtschaftliche Bewertung und Optimierung hybrider Absorptionsverfahren zur CO2-Abscheidung aus Kalk- und Zementwerken

Experimentelle Charakterisierung der Material- und Struktureigenschaften beim Graustufen-MSLA-3D-Druck

Master/Bachelor-Thesis (Maschinenbau / Mechanik / Computational Engineering)

Fachbereich Maschinenbau

Inbetriebnahme und Kennlinienmessung eines Axialventilatorprüfstandes

Commissioning and measurement of fan characteristics of an axial fan

Supervisor : Sebastian Saul, M.Sc.

Numerische und experimentelle Untersuchungen eines bistabilen Energy-Harvesters

Numerical and experimental Investigations on a bistable Energy Harvester

Numerische Berechnungsverfahren im Maschinenbau (FNB)

Supervisor : Dr.-Ing. Matthias Heymanns

Studentische Arbeiten am Fachgebiet pmd

Theses at the Institute for Product Development and Machine Elements (pmd)

Produktentwicklung und Maschinenelemente (pmd)

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