Tolyatti: A Russian Homage To Italy
This is the curious story of a Russian city named after an Italian politician, Palmiro Togliatti.
“Togliatti” by Shine Phantom is licensed under CC BY 2.0
This is the curious story of a russian city named after an italian politician, palmiro togliatti.
There are cities which were made great by men, and men which have been made great by a city. This is the case of Palmiro Togliatti — a founding member and the longest serving secretary of the Italian Communist Party — and a Russian city located in Samara Oblast, known as Stavropol on Volga until 1964, which was then renamed Tolyatti, becoming the greatest tribute in the world to an Italian politician. The city of Tolyatti was named after him immediately after his death in Yalta — a seaside town in the then Soviet Union — on August 21st, 1964, as a result of a sudden stroke and cerebral bleed. He was on vacation, on his way to give his support for Brezhnev as Khrushchev’s successor.
Who was Palmiro Togliatti?
If you happen to travel around Italy, you may have noticed that in every Italian city — however big or small — there is a street named after Palmiro Togliatti. That’s because Togliatti was not just the charismatic secretary and one of the founders of the Italian Communist Party, but a legendary figure of Italian and international politics. He started his political career before World War I, joining the Italian Socialist Party in 1914, then serving as a volunteer, and returning home to Turin after being injured. During this period he learned about the Russian Revolution and became fascinated, wanting to bring soviet ideas to Italy. He became a founder of the Communist Party of Italy, which was a part of Communists International (Comintern). In fact, after the end of Fascism — during which he spent almost 17 years in Moscow, becoming one of the highest representatives of the Comintern with the blessing of Stalin — he came back to Italy as Deputy Prime Minister until 1945 and taking part in the Constituent Assembly until 1948, writing the current constitution of the Italian Republic. Under his political and intellectual leadership — enough to be nicknamed ‘The Best ’ — the Italian Communist Party would become the largest non-ruling party in Europe and the second in Italy, after the Christian Democracy, which was consistently the most popular Italian party until 1992, when the Cold War ended and the danger of a ‘ Soviet ’ turning point in Italy was warded off.
Nevertheless, the Communist Party ruled by Togliatti had a big influence in Italian society, especially regarding culture, and achieved great results in local elections within particular regions of Italy. Togliatti chose to become a Soviet Union citizen in 1930, in fact giving up Italian citizenship. What may have seemed like complete devotion to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and its General Secretary Joseph Stalin, clashes with his next choice of refusing the head of the Communist Information Bureau proposed by Stalin himself in 1951, preferring to remain General Secretary of the Italian Communist Party. Throughout his career he supported his communist beliefs but fought to bring them to his beloved home country of Italy. Palmiro Togliatti wanted to fulfill his dream of a communist plan through democracy: the original ‘ Italian way to Socialism’.
Tolyatti, the Russian city
The Russian homage to Palmiro Togliatti was not chosen at random. In fact, a significant city was named after him: Stavropol on Volga became Tolyatti ( Togliatti Russianized) because right there — on the banks of Volga river — the Italian politician had a key role in building the popular AvtoVAZ factory, the manufacturer of the Lada car brand. And thus, in the 1960s, through cooperation with FIAT , the city took a new shape and a new name, because the old Stavropol on Volga was also covered by the Kuybyshev Hydroelectric Station. This infrastruscture was crucial for the development of a large industry. Therefore Tolyatti — just like what happened in Italy with Turin — became the working-class city par excellence, and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union made it a great vehicle for propaganda and experimentation. Many facilities were built, especially for sports, and new parks and monuments emerged in Tolyatti, which were made to represent the perfect Soviet city for the perfect Soviet citizen.
Not surprisingly, many popular athletes grew up in Tolyatti, such as the Olympic champion Alexei Nemov and the former ice hockey players Alexei Kovalev, Ilya Bryzgalov, Viktor Kozlov and Alexei Emelin. As you might imagine, ice hockey is very popular around there, and the local club sponsored by Lada is one of the best across Russia. Tolyatti, due to its vast spaces, has several monuments of national interest : Victory Park, a memorial dedicated to the Soviet victory in World War II built in the Auto Factory district; Liberty Square with its Obelisk of Glory dedicated to the fighters of World War II; the Mourning Angel standing in Central Park, a memorial to victims of political repression built after the end of the Communist era. Also the Transfiguration Cathedral, with its wonderful golden domes, was built after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Tolyatti was also the city where the great Russian painter Ilya Repin stayed for a brief period in 1870, painting his masterpiece ‘ Barge Haulers on the Volga’. The house where he stayed then became a monument.
Last but not least, among the most meaningful monuments of Tolyatti is ‘ Loyalty’. It is a bronze statue dedicated to a faithful dog, called ‘ Kostya’, who survived a car accident in which its owners lost their lives. Like what happened in Japan with Hachiko, Kostya wouldn’t give up, waiting for its owners for seven consecutive years at the same spot. Under the snow and the rain, winter and summer, the dog stayed there, running up to all the passing cars and hoping one day to again see its beloved masters. Only his own death let him abandon his spot, but Tolyatti citizens unanimously wanted to honor the loyalty of Kostya, building a sculpture in his memory. I could say no place was more appropriate than Tolyatti, because the city’s namesake itself represents a great metaphor of loyalty: that of Palmiro Togliatti to the Soviet Union.
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Garibaldi Castle is a sprawling medieval construction that dominates the small town of Khryashchevka, Samara. Built in the Neo-Gothic Style the intricate facade, Historical exhibitions, and dazzling stories that runs through the Castle walls will leave you in wonder. Discover an all-new land that celebrates the magic of ancient history. Relive the romance of the Renaissance Era and magic of the past as the heroic tales of rebellion and royalty come to life with Garibaldi Castle’s extraordinary sculptures and gorgeous scenery. You’ll be swept away like never before! Here at Garibaldi Castle your wildest fantasies become a reality. Discover the imminently glamourous and magnificently quirky around every corner of our castle. Reflect on the regal beauty rich legacy of our world’s history. Every decorated archway and castle corridor leads to new medieval explorations that bring the vision to life.
DISCOVER THE MAGIC WITHIN !function(){switch(CHOSEN_THEME){case THEMES.NEMESIS:replaceParentInnerHTML(' ',"news-title-NaN");break;case THEMES.ALLY:replaceParentInnerHTML(' ',"news-title-NaN")}}();
Discover a place like no other and experience an all new, one-of-a-kind adventure. Nestled in the small town of Khryashchevka, Samara, Russia a medieval secret is waiting to be unveiled. Come join us for the enchantment, fun and adventure. Be apart of Garibaldi Castle and make memories that will last a lifetime.
OLD-WORLD ELEGANCE !function(){switch(CHOSEN_THEME){case THEMES.NEMESIS:replaceParentInnerHTML(' ',"news-title-NaN");break;case THEMES.ALLY:replaceParentInnerHTML(' ',"news-title-NaN")}}();
World-class amenities unite with sheer luxury and unique surroundings, to make sure that there’s nowhere you’d rather be. Let the story unfold as you explore the castle grounds on a magical horse and carriage ride, all while taking in the captivating views of medieval architecture that encompass you.
STORIES TO SHARE !function(){switch(CHOSEN_THEME){case THEMES.NEMESIS:replaceParentInnerHTML(' ',"news-title-NaN");break;case THEMES.ALLY:replaceParentInnerHTML(' ',"news-title-NaN")}}();
There’s a regal atmosphere amidst the Garibaldi Waterfront Oasis where the sunsets cast a sparkle over the Tranquil Samara River. If you dare to spoil yourself, take a voyage on the new Garibaldi Yacht, a decadent treat not to be missed. Feel the light breeze and enjoy spectacular waterfront views from our lounging area where modern meets traditional that will leave you telling stories for years to come.
Samara Oblast
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- Type: State with 3,190,000 residents
- Description: federal subject of Russia
- Neighbors: Orenburg Oblast , Saratov Oblast , Tatarstan and Ulyanovsk Oblast
- Categories: oblast of Russia and locality
- Location: Volga Region , Russia , Eastern Europe , Europe
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The "Fireproof Balloon" is a simple and safe inquiry-based demonstration that challenges the students to explain why the instructor-filled balloon does not pop over a lit candle while student-filled balloons do. The 25 mL of water placed in the instructor's balloon prior to the demonstration will absorb sufficient heat from the candle ...
The balloon doesn't burst because the water in it absorbs most of the heat from the candle. Long explanation Without water in the balloon, the heat from the flame would break the balloon's molecules apart and it would pop. But when there's water in the balloon, the heat spreads immediately from the balloon to the water.
Fireproof Balloon Experiment. We know that balloons are made of rubber and are fragile. The balloon, when it comes in contact with fire, burns. A fire can weaken the rubber and cause it to burst. Water is a substance with high heat capacity. It acts against fire and helps from catching fire. Let us now have a look at the fireproof balloon ...
Step-1: As a first step, blow up the balloon in the same way as you regularly do and give it a tight knot at its mouth part. Step-2: In the second step, light up the candle and place it on the experiment table. And bring the inflated balloon as closer as possible over the flame.
Let's Try It. Blow up a balloon just as you normally would and tie it off. Light a candle and place it in the middle of the table. Put on your safety glasses because it's time to pop the balloon. Hold the balloon a foot or two over the top of the flame and slowly move the balloon closer and closer to the flame until it pops.
3. Watch as the balloon stays fire-resistant. You may even see a black patch of soot form on the outside of the balloon above the flame. Soot is formed through incomplete combustion and it is normal to see it on the balloon as you burn the match. 4. Try this experiment with different amounts of water inside the balloon and record your observations.
Can a balloon really withstand the heat of a flame without popping? Join us in this thrilling experiment as we explore the fascinating science of heat resist...
Fireproof Balloon Experiment. This video shows you the demonstration of the fireproof balloon experiment and answers the question: Will a balloon with air an...
Experimental Procedure: Blow up a balloon with your mouth. Take the lighter and hold it lit underneath the balloon. (The balloon should pop.) Now get another balloon and fill it with water. After it has quite a bit of water in it, blow a bit of air into it. Hold a lit lighter beneath it. Observe.
Add about 60 ml of water to the second balloon and then blow it up to the same size as the first balloon. As before, slowly lower the balloon over the candle flame. The balloon will not pop. You can let the flame touch the balloon and it will still not pop. It will leave a sooty mark on the bottom of the balloon.
Put about a quarter cup of water in the balloon and blow it up. Then light another candle. When you place the flame under the balloon, the balloon won't pop! As long as the flame is beneath the ...
Conclusion: Water-filled balloons do not burst because the water absorbs most of the heat from the flame, preventing the rubber from overheating and bursting. Water requires a significant amount of heat to change its temperature. Note: Always conduct the fire-resistant balloon experiment under proper guidance and with necessary safety measures.
Blow up the first balloon with air. Ignite the lighter. Don't forget to put your safety glasses on. Slowly lower the balloon closer to the flame until it pops. Fill the second balloon with water and then air it up. Hold the water-filled balloon from the top and lower it towards the flame. Remove the balloon from the heat and examine the balloon.
Fire proof balloon. What you need: Step 1: Pour the water into your balloon so that the balloon overflows with water. Step 2: Blow the balloon up and tie it. Step 3: Light a candle or get something that gives off a small flame. Hover the balloon above the flame, you can even let the balloon touch the flame.
The "Fireproof" balloon was in fact the balloon containing water. The water was able to cool down the temperature of the balloon, thus preventing the balloon from bursting. ... The conclusion of this experiment is limited to the type of rubber used in the production of balloons or anything similar, if not the same. Powered by Create your own ...
For this experiment you will need: two round balloons, not inflated. several matches. water. Inflate one of the balloons and tie it closed. Place 60 milliliters (¼ cup) of water in the other balloon, and then inflate it and tie it shut. Light a match and hold it under the first balloon. Allow the flame to touch the balloon.
Water takes a while for it to heat up which, prevents the balloon from popping. This process occurs because of a process called conduction. This is when heat moves from a hotter spot to a colder spot. For instance, the heat from the match moved to the balloon. The particles in the match are moving extremely quickly and are vibrating a lot.
Made for parents and teachersBalloonshttps://amzn.to/2W1c5bbMy Filming equipment:Cell Phone Tripod 54 inch Travel Tripod with Bluetooth Remote - https://amzn...
Tolyatti or Togliatti (/ t ɒ l ˈ j ɑː t i / tol-YAH-tee, US also / t oʊ l ˈ-/ tohl-; Russian: Тольятти, IPA: [tɐlʲˈjætʲ(ː)ɪ]), known before 1964 as Stavropol, [a] is a city in Samara Oblast, Russia.It is the largest city in Russia which is neither the administrative center of a federal subject, nor the largest city of a subject.Population: 684,709 (2021 Census); [7 ...
The Russian homage to Palmiro Togliatti was not chosen at random. In fact, a significant city was named after him: Stavropol on Volga became Tolyatti ( Togliatti Russianized) because right there — on the banks of Volga river — the Italian politician had a key role in building the popular AvtoVAZ factory, the manufacturer of the Lada car brand.
Garibaldi Castle is a sprawling medieval construction that dominates the small town of Khryashchevka, Samara. Built in the Neo-Gothic Style the intricate facade, Historical exhibitions, and dazzling stories that runs through the Castle walls will leave you in wonder. Discover an all-new land that celebrates the magic of ancient history.
Neighbors: Orenburg Oblast, Saratov Oblast, Tatarstan and Ulyanovsk Oblast. Categories: oblast of Russia and locality. Location: Volga Region, Russia, Eastern Europe, Europe. View on OpenStreetMap. Latitude of center. 52.6768° or 52° 40' 36" north. Longitude of center. 50.5874° or 50° 35' 15" east. Population.