how to do a geography research task

Geography Grade 12 Research Tasks (Topics) and Memos (SBA)

Geography Grade 12  Research Tasks (Topics) and Memos for: term 1, Term 2, Term 3 and Term 4

Assessment is a continuous planned process of identifying, gathering and interpreting information about the performance of learners, using various forms of assessment. It involves four steps: generating and collecting evidence of achievement; evaluating this evidence; recording the findings and using this information to understand and assist with the learners’ development to improve the process of learning and teaching. Assessment should be both informal (assessment for learning) and formal (assessment of learning). In both cases regular feedback should be provided to learners to enhance the learning experience.

School-based assessment (SBA) is a purposive collection of learners’ work that tells the story of learners’ efforts, progress or achievement in given areas. The quality of SBA tasks is integral to learners’ preparation for the final examinations.

This booklet serves as a resource of four exemplar SBA tasks to schools and subject teachers of Geography. SBA marks are formally recorded by the teacher for progression and certification purposes. The SBA component is compulsory for all learners. Learners who cannot comply with the requirements specified according to the policy may not be eligible to enter for the subject in the final examination.

The formal assessment tasks provide the teacher with a systematic way of evaluating how well learners are progressing. This publication includes tests, a project and a case study. Formal assessment tasks form part of a year-long formal programme of assessment. These tasks should not be taken lightly and learners should be encouraged to submit their best possible efforts for final assessment.

The teachers are expected to ensure that assessment tasks are relevant to and suitable for the learners being taught. Teachers should adapt the tasks to suit learners’ level of understanding and should be context-bound; however, they should also take cognisance of the requirements as set out in the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement ( CAPS ) document.

Geography Grade 12 Research Tasks

Term 2 2024 research tasks.

• Geography Grade 12 Term 2 2024 Research Tasks

Term 2 2023 Research Tasks

• Geography Grade 12 Research Task Term 2 Project 2023 Answer Guide: Limpopo

Video Guide

What Skills are Assessed for Research Tasks in Grade 12

The following skills are assessed. Some/All of these skills may be tested in any external examination:

• Gathering data
• Interpreting data
• Analysing data
• Comparing different sets of data
• Representing data in written, graphic or mapped format
• Problem-solving
• Drawing conclusions
• Hypothesis statements

Research framework for assessment (Guideline on administration of research task)

Step 1: Formulating a hypothesis/problem statement.

Guideline: geography grade 12 research tasks.

Step 1: Formulating a hypothesis/problem statement. As Geographers we seek to understand and explain the interactions amongst humans, and between humans and the environment in space and time. This is achieved by asking questions or making informed geographical decisions. This entails the development of a hypothesis or a problem statement to be tested.

• You have to choose a specific area of study where a geographical problem exists.
• During this stage, a geographical question showing a problem is asked.
• Identify the problem from a local area.
• Formulate a hypothesis or a problem statement. (Hypothesis research is used to prove that certain variables are dependent on or independent of each other. Problem statement research is only to highlight that a specific problem exists in a specific community.)
• You should then follow the steps of research to ensure that the geographical question is answered.

Geography Research Project Topics for Grade 12 South Africa

• The value of property along north-facing slopes is higher than the value of property along south-facing slopes in Meyersdal, Gauteng (choose local area).
• The cause of rural-urban migration in Ndwedwe, KwaZulu-Natal (choose local area), is the lack of service delivery in the health sector.
• Climate change will impact negatively on grape farming and related industries in the Western Cape.
• The closing down of many primary schools in Lusikisiki (Eastern Cape) (choose a local area) is due to a decline of the population in the age group 7 to 15 years.
• The poor condition of roads (specify the names of the roads) leading to/in Harrismith, Free State (choose local area), is due to the lack of proper planning by the local municipality.
• The impact of building a dam along the Jukskei River in Gauteng (choose local area) upstream of Alexandra will reduce flooding and the subsequent loss of life in Alexandra.
• The e-toll system will impact negatively on the economic position of people using private transport in Gauteng.
• The e-toll system will impact positively on traffic flow to the major urban centres in Gauteng.
• Informal settlements in the Vhembe district of Limpopo have low levels of development due to the lack of provision of basic needs (choose ONE informal settlement in your local area.)
• Overcrowding of informal settlements is due to the lack of proper planning by the local government (choose local area).

Step 2: Background information about an area of study

• You must explain where in South Africa the study area is located. (This can be indicated on the map.)
• Describe the study area in terms of its exact position (degrees, minutes and seconds).
• Provide relevant information about the area, for example population of the area or climate of the area.

Step 3: Mapping

• You must provide a map of the area in question.
• During this stage you must create a buffer zone around the area where the geographical problem exists.
• The map should have a clear legend/key and must be drawn to scale. The scale must be indicated on the map.
• If the map used covers a wider area, buffer zones around the area of study should be created.
• The map used should be the most recent map of the study area

Step 4: Methods of data collection

(a) PRIMARY DATA SOURCES

• The use of questionnaires
• Observations
• Field trips

(b) SECONDARY DATA SOURCES

• Newspaper articles
• Government department statistics

Step 5: Analysis and synthesis of data

• Learners must use collected data now to formulate a discussion around the existing geographical problem. • At this stage learners should represent some of the information graphically where necessary, for example graphs and sketches. • Learners must analyse graphic information during this stage.

Step 6: Recommendations and possible solutions

• Learners should now make recommendations to solve the geographical problem in question. • Learners should present their original and realistic opinions as far as they possibly can.

Step 7: Conclusion – accept or reject the hypothesis

• Learners should now take a decision to either ACCEPT or REJECT the hypothesis.
• Learners must give reasons for either ACCEPTING or REJECTING the hypothesis

Step 8: Bibliography

• Learners must include a comprehensive bibliography.
• Learners must list websites in full.
• Learners must include annexures of questionnaires and interviews conducted

View all # Geography- Grade 12 Study Resources

We have compiled great resources for Geography Grade 12 students in one place. Find all Question Papers, Notes, Previous Tests, Annual Teaching Plans, and CAPS Documents.

More Geography Grade 12 Resources

• Why do Tropical Cyclones Develop in Late Summer?
• What is the impact of coriolis force and latent heat on the development of tropical cyclones? 
• Geography 2020 Past Papers
• Geography 2019 Past Papers

Grade 12 Geography Exam Papers and Memos for 2019 September and November

• Geography Grade 12 Research Tasks (Topics) and Memos

Useful Links

• Mid Latitude Cyclones Notes Grade 12

Geography Grade 12 2019 Exam Papers and Memos

Geography Grade 12 2020 Past Papers and Memos

Geography Mind the Gap study guide: Grade 12 Download

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Top 50 Geography Research Topics [Revised]

Geography isn’t just about maps and memorizing capital cities; it’s a dynamic field that delves into everything from understanding our planet’s physical features to unraveling the complexities of human societies. In this blog, we’ll embark on a journey through fascinating geography research topics, ranging from climate change and urbanization to cultural dynamics and emerging trends. Whether you’re a curious student or simply someone intrigued by the world around you, join us as we explore the diverse realms of geography research.

What Are The Three Main Topics Of Geography?

Table of Contents

• Physical Geography
• Study of Earth’s physical features, processes, and phenomena.
• Example: Investigating the formation of mountains, erosion patterns in river systems, or the impact of climate change on ecosystems.
• Human Geography
• Examination of the interactions between human societies and their environments.
• Example: Analyzing urbanization trends, migration patterns, cultural landscapes, or economic activities within specific regions.
• Environmental Geography
• Focus on the relationship between humans and their natural surroundings, including the impact of human activities on the environment.
• Example: Researching pollution levels in urban areas, deforestation rates in tropical rainforests, or the conservation of endangered species and habitats.

50 Geography Research Topics: Category Wise

Physical geography research topics.

• Impact of climate change on polar ice caps.
• Patterns of desertification in arid regions.
• Formation and evolution of volcanic islands.
• Study of river meandering and channel migration.
• Factors influencing the distribution of biomes worldwide.

Human Geography Research Topics

• Urbanization dynamics in developing countries.
• Social and economic impacts of gentrification in urban neighborhoods.
• Migration patterns and trends in Europe.
• Cultural landscapes and identity politics in contested territories.
• Gender disparities in access to resources and opportunities in rural areas.

Environmental Geography Research Topics

• Analysis of air quality in megacities.
• Impacts of deforestation on local biodiversity in the Amazon rainforest.
• Water scarcity and management strategies in arid regions.
• Ecotourism and its role in sustainable development.
• Effects of marine pollution on coral reef ecosystems.

Geographical Techniques and Tools Research Topics

• Applications of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) in disaster management.
• Remote sensing techniques for monitoring agricultural productivity.
• Cartographic visualization of population density and distribution.
• Spatial analysis of crime patterns in urban areas.
• Geographical modeling of disease spread and containment strategies.

Regional Geography Research Topics

• Socioeconomic disparities between urban and rural regions in India.
• Geopolitical tensions in the South China Sea.
• Cultural diversity and integration in multicultural cities like London or New York.
• Environmental challenges facing the African Sahel region.
• Regional impacts of globalization on indigenous communities in South America.

Cultural Geography Research Topics

• Influence of religion on cultural landscapes in the Middle East.
• Cultural diffusion and globalization in the digital age.
• Preservation of intangible cultural heritage in UNESCO World Heritage sites.
• Impact of colonialism on indigenous cultures in Australia.
• Gender roles and cultural practices in traditional societies.

Economic Geography Research Topics

• Spatial distribution of industries in emerging economies.
• Trade patterns and economic integration in the European Union.
• Impact of globalization on labor markets in Southeast Asia.
• Role of transportation infrastructure in regional economic development.
• Economic consequences of natural disasters on local communities.

Political Geography Research Topics

• Border disputes and territorial conflicts in the Middle East.
• Secessionist movements and autonomy struggles in Europe.
• Role of international organizations in conflict resolution and peacebuilding.
• Geopolitical implications of Arctic resource extraction.
• Influence of soft power and cultural diplomacy in international relations.

Social Geography Research Topics

• Spatial patterns of poverty and social exclusion in urban areas.
• Dynamics of neighborhood segregation and integration in diverse cities.
• Impact of social media on community engagement and activism.
• Gender-based violence and spatial justice in urban environments.
• Cultural dimensions of health disparities in rural communities.

Historical Geography Research Topics

• Legacy of colonialism in shaping urban landscapes in former colonies.
• Evolution of trade routes and their impact on cultural diffusion.
• Archaeological landscape studies of ancient civilizations.
• Historical geography of migration and diaspora communities.
• Environmental history of industrialization and its long-term impacts on ecosystems.

How To Write A Geography Research Paper?

Writing a geography research paper involves several key steps to ensure a well-structured, coherent, and informative document. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to write a geography research paper:

• Choose a Topic: Select a specific and focused research topic within the field of geography that interests you. Consider the scope of your paper, available resources, and the significance of the topic in the field.
• Conduct Research: Gather relevant sources of information such as scholarly articles, books, journals, government publications, and online databases. Use both primary and secondary sources to support your research and develop a comprehensive understanding of the topic.
• Develop a clear and short thesis statement that explains what your research paper is about. This statement should show the main idea or point you’re going to talk about in your paper.
• Organize your paper by making a plan or outline. Split it into different parts like the introduction, where you start talking about your topic and explain why it’s important. Then, include a literature review where you talk about what others have already studied about your topic. If you did any special methods in your research, talk about them in the methodology section. Then, show your findings or results, discuss them, and finally, conclude your paper. Make sure you outline all the important things you want to talk about in each section.
• Start your paper with an interesting introduction. Tell the reader some background information about your topic and why it’s important. Also, introduce your thesis statement here. Explain what you’ll be talking about in your research paper to help guide the reader through your paper.
• Conduct a Literature Review: Review existing literature and research related to your topic to contextualize your study and identify gaps or areas for further investigation. Summarize key findings, methodologies, and theories from previous studies to support your own research.
• Describe Your Methodology (If Applicable): If your research involves empirical data collection or analysis, describe the methodology and research design used in your study. Explain the research methods, data sources, sampling techniques, and analytical tools employed to gather and analyze data.
• Present Your Findings: Present the results of your research in a clear and systematic manner. Use tables, graphs, maps, and other visual aids to illustrate your findings and enhance comprehension. Provide descriptive and analytical interpretations of the data to support your arguments.
• Discuss Your Results: Analyze and interpret the significance of your research findings in relation to your thesis statement and research objectives. Discuss any patterns, trends, or relationships observed in the data and explore their implications for the broader field of geography.
• Draw Conclusions: Summarize the main findings of your research and reiterate the significance of your study. Discuss any limitations or constraints encountered during the research process and propose areas for future research or further investigation.
• Cite Your Sources: Ensure that you properly cite all sources of information used in your research paper according to the citation style specified by your instructor or academic institution. Use in-text citations and include a comprehensive bibliography or reference list at the end of your paper.
• Proofread and Revise: Review your research paper carefully for grammatical errors, typos, and inconsistencies. Revise and refine your writing to improve clarity, coherence, and overall quality. Consider seeking feedback from peers, mentors, or academic advisors to further enhance your paper.

Emerging Topics in Geography Research

As our world continues to evolve, new frontiers of geography research are constantly emerging. From the quest for sustainable development to the rise of smart cities and the challenges of climate resilience, researchers are grappling with complex issues that defy easy solutions.

One promising avenue of research is the integration of indigenous knowledge and perspectives into geographic studies. By recognizing the wisdom of traditional cultures and their deep connection to the land, researchers can develop more holistic approaches to environmental management and conservation.

In conclusion, geography research offers a rich tapestry of topics that span the natural and social sciences. Whether it’s unraveling the mysteries of climate change, exploring the dynamics of urbanization, or celebrating the diversity of cultural landscapes, there’s something for everyone in the world of geography research.

So, whether you’re a student embarking on geography research topics or simply a curious explorer seeking to understand the world around you, take heart in knowing that the adventure has only just begun. Happy exploring!

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Grade 12 Geography

Geography grade 12 research tasks (topics) and memos (sba).

Geography Grade 12 Research Tasks (Topics) and Memos for: term 1, Term 2, Term 3 and Term 4

Assessment is a continuous planned process of identifying, gathering and interpreting information about the performance of learners, using various forms of assessment. It involves four steps: generating and collecting evidence of achievement; evaluating this evidence; recording the findings and using this information to understand and assist with the learners’ development to improve the process of learning and teaching. Assessment should be both informal (assessment for learning) and formal (assessment of learning). In both cases regular feedback should be provided to learners to enhance the learning experience.

School-based assessment (SBA) is a purposive collection of learners’ work that tells the story of learners’ efforts, progress or achievement in given areas. The quality of SBA tasks is integral to learners’ preparation for the final examinations.

This booklet serves as a resource of four exemplar SBA tasks to schools and subject teachers of Geography. SBA marks are formally recorded by the teacher for progression and certification purposes. The SBA component is compulsory for all learners. Learners who cannot comply with the requirements specified according to the policy may not be eligible to enter for the subject in the final examination.

The formal assessment tasks provide the teacher with a systematic way of evaluating how well learners are progressing. This publication includes tests, a project and a case study. Formal assessment tasks form part of a year-long formal programme of assessment. These tasks should not be taken lightly and learners should be encouraged to submit their best possible efforts for final assessment.

The teachers are expected to ensure that assessment tasks are relevant to and suitable for the learners being taught. Teachers should adapt the tasks to suit learners’ level of understanding and should be context-bound; however, they should also take cognisance of the requirements as set out in the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) document.

• 1 What Skills are Assessed for Research Tasks in Grade 12
• 2.0.1 Guideline: Geography Grade 12 Research Tasks
• 2.1 Geography Research Project Topics for Grade 12 South Africa
• 3 Step 2: Background information about an area of study
• 4 Step 3: Mapping
• 5 Step 4: Methods of data collection
• 6 Step 5: Analysis and synthesis of data
• 7 Step 6: Recommendations and possible solutions
• 8 Step 7: Conclusion – accept or reject the hypothesis
• 9 Step 8: Bibliography
• 10 More Geography Grade 12 Resources
• 11 Mid Latitude Cyclones Notes Grade 12
• 12 Geography Grade 12 2019 Exam Papers and Memos
• 13 Geography Grade 12 2020 Past Papers and Memos
• 14 Geography Grade 12 Research Tasks (Topics) and Memos (SBA)
• 15 Grade 12 Geography Exam Papers and Memos for 2019 September and November
• 16 Geography Mind the Gap study guide: Grade 12 Download

What Skills are Assessed for Research Tasks in Grade 12

The following skills are assessed. Some/All of these skills may be tested in any external examination:

• Gathering data
• Interpreting data
• Analysing data
• Comparing different sets of data
• Representing data in written, graphic or mapped format
• Problem-solving
• Drawing conclusions
• Hypothesis statements

Research framework for assessment (Guideline on administration of research task)

Step 1: Formulating a hypothesis/problem statement.

Guideline: geography grade 12 research tasks.

Step 1: Formulating a hypothesis/problem statement. As Geographers we seek to understand and explain the interactions amongst humans, and between humans and the environment in space and time. This is achieved by asking questions or making informed geographical decisions. This entails the development of a hypothesis or a problem statement to be tested.

• You have to choose a specific area of study where a geographical problem exists.
• During this stage, a geographical question showing a problem is asked.
• Identify the problem from a local area.
• Formulate a hypothesis or a problem statement. (Hypothesis research is used to prove that certain variables are dependent on or independent of each other. Problem statement research is only to highlight that a specific problem exists in a specific community.)
• You should then follow the steps of research to ensure that the geographical question is answered.

Geography Research Project Topics for Grade 12 South Africa

• The value of property along north-facing slopes is higher than the value of property along south-facing slopes in Meyersdal, Gauteng (choose local area).
• The cause of rural-urban migration in Ndwedwe, KwaZulu-Natal (choose local area), is the lack of service delivery in the health sector.
• Climate change will impact negatively on grape farming and related industries in the Western Cape.
• The closing down of many primary schools in Lusikisiki (Eastern Cape) (choose a local area) is due to a decline of the population in the age group 7 to 15 years.
• The poor condition of roads (specify the names of the roads) leading to/in Harrismith, Free State (choose local area), is due to the lack of proper planning by the local municipality.
• The impact of building a dam along the Jukskei River in Gauteng (choose local area) upstream of Alexandra will reduce flooding and the subsequent loss of life in Alexandra.
• The e-toll system will impact negatively on the economic position of people using private transport in Gauteng.
• The e-toll system will impact positively on traffic flow to the major urban centres in Gauteng.
• Informal settlements in the Vhembe district of Limpopo have low levels of development due to the lack of provision of basic needs (choose ONE informal settlement in your local area.)
• Overcrowding of informal settlements is due to the lack of proper planning by the local government (choose local area).

Step 2: Background information about an area of study

• You must explain where in South Africa the study area is located. (This can be indicated on the map.)
• Describe the study area in terms of its exact position (degrees, minutes and seconds).
• Provide relevant information about the area, for example population of the area or climate of the area.

Step 3: Mapping

• You must provide a map of the area in question.
• During this stage you must create a buffer zone around the area where the geographical problem exists.
• The map should have a clear legend/key and must be drawn to scale. The scale must be indicated on the map.
• If the map used covers a wider area, buffer zones around the area of study should be created.
• The map used should be the most recent map of the study area

Step 4: Methods of data collection

(a) PRIMARY DATA SOURCES

• The use of questionnaires
• Observations
• Field trips

(b) SECONDARY DATA SOURCES

• Newspaper articles
• Government department statistics

Step 5: Analysis and synthesis of data

• Learners must use collected data now to formulate a discussion around the existing geographical problem. • At this stage learners should represent some of the information graphically where necessary, for example graphs and sketches. • Learners must analyse graphic information during this stage.

Step 6: Recommendations and possible solutions

• Learners should now make recommendations to solve the geographical problem in question. • Learners should present their original and realistic opinions as far as they possibly can.

Step 7: Conclusion – accept or reject the hypothesis

• Learners should now take a decision to either ACCEPT or REJECT the hypothesis.
• Learners must give reasons for either ACCEPTING or REJECTING the hypothesis

Step 8: Bibliography

• Learners must include a comprehensive bibliography.
• Learners must list websites in full.
• Learners must include annexures of questionnaires and interviews conducted

More Geography Grade 12 Resources

• Geography 2020 Past Papers
• Geography 2019 Past Papers

Grade 12 Geography Exam Papers and Memos for 2019 September and November

• Geography Grade 12 Research Tasks (Topics) and Memos

Mid Latitude Cyclones Notes Grade 12

• March 24, 2021

Geography Grade 12 2019 Exam Papers and Memos

• February 28, 2021

Geography Grade 12 2020 Past Papers and Memos

• February 22, 2021

• September 29, 2020

Geography Mind the Gap study guide: Grade 12 Download

• August 17, 2020

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Geography Grade 12 2020 Past Papers and Memos for study revision

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List of Geography Grade 12 September 2020 Past Papers and Memos

Geography grade 10, main reasons why is south africa regarded as a developing country.

Reasons why is South Africa regarded as a developing country: South Africa has a great economic infrastructure and natural resources that characterize its economy. In South Africa, there is outstanding progress in the field of industry and manufacturing. South Africa, however, is still characterised as a developing country and not a developed country.

• 0.1 6 Characteristics of a Developed Country
• 0.2 5 Reasons why is South Africa regarded as a developing country

6 Characteristics of a Developed Country

1. Has a high income per capita.  Developed countries have high per capita incomes each year. By having a high income per capita, the country’s economic value will be boosted. Therefore, the amount of poverty can be overcome.

2. Security Is Guaranteed.  The level of security of developed countries is more secure compared to developing countries. This is also a side effect of sophisticated technology in developed countries. With the sophisticated technology, security facilities and weapons technology also develop for the better.

3. Guaranteed Health.  In addition to ensuring security, health in a developed country is also guaranteed. This is characterized by a variety of adequate health facilities, such as hospitals and medical staff who are trained and reliable.

4. Low unemployment rate.  In developed countries, the unemployment rate is relatively small because every citizen can get a job and work.

5. Mastering Science and Technology.  The inhabitants of developed countries tend to have mastered science and technology from which new useful products such as the industrial pendant lights were introduced to the market. Therefore, in their daily lives, they have also used sophisticated technology and modern tools to facilitate their daily lives.

6. The level of exports is higher than imports.  The level of exports in developed countries is higher than the level of imports because of the superior human resources and technology possessed.

5 Reasons why is South Africa regarded as a developing country

1. South Africa has a low Income per year.  Annual income in developing countries is not as high as in developed countries due to the high unemployment rate.

2. In South Africa, security is not guaranteed.  Unlike in developed countries, security in developing countries is still very minimal and inappropriate. Therefore, crime rates in developed countries such as South Africa tend to be relatively high.

3. South Africa has a fast-growing population . According to the World Population Review , South Africa’s population will continue to grow until 2082, reaching just over 80 million people before plateauing and slightly declining the rest of the century. South Africa’s population growth rate is currently 1.28% per year. Developing countries have a very large average population compared to developed countries because of uncontrolled population development. This is also a result of the lack of education and health facilities.

4. The unemployment rate in South Africa is high.  South Africa has an unemployment rate of 34.4% in the second quarter  of 2021. In developing countries, the unemployment rate is still relatively high because the available job vacancies are not evenly distributed. In addition, the level of uneven education is also one of the factors causing the large unemployment rate.

5. Imports are higher than exports.  Due to the low management of natural resources and human resources in developing countries, developing countries more often buy goods from abroad. To eliminate the barriers of being a developed country, South Africa must reduce imports and must refine and develop its agricultural sector.

Characteristics of Developed and Developing Countries

Why_is_South_Africa_Still_a_Developing_Country

Geography Grade 12 November 2020 Question Papers and for study revision

Geography Grade 12 November 2020 Question Papers and Memos pdf download

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146 Impressive Geography Research Topics Every Student Will Like

Are you a student seeking inspiration for your next geography research project? Look no further! In this article, we present you with a treasure trove of 146 original and top-quality geography research topics, completely free of charge. Whether you’re pursuing a degree in geography or simply passionate about exploring the world around you, these topics cover a wide range of fascinating subjects.

From human geography and cultural landscapes to physical geography and environmental sustainability, we’ve got you covered. Each topic is carefully crafted to ignite your curiosity and help you delve deeper into the field. Get ready to embark on an exciting journey of exploration and discovery as you uncover unique research ideas that will captivate both you and your readers.

Areas Of Geography

Geography is a field of study that explores the Earth’s physical features, human activities and their interactions. It examines the spatial patterns, processes, and relationships between the environment and society. Geographers investigate the Earth’s surface, analyzing its landscapes, climate, ecosystems and resources, as well as the distribution of populations, cultures, economies, and political systems. There are several types of geography, each focusing on specific aspects of the Earth’s physical and human dimensions:

Physical geography examines natural phenomena like landforms, weather and ecosystems. Human geography studies human activities, such as population distribution, urbanization and cultural landscapes. Economic geography explores the spatial patterns of economic activities, trade and resource distribution. Political geography analyzes the political systems, boundaries and geopolitical relationships between regions. Environmental geography investigates the interactions between humans and the environment, including environmental issues and sustainability. Geographical information systems (GIS) and remote sensing employ technology to analyze spatial data and maps.

These subfields together provide a comprehensive understanding of the Earth’s complexities and its relationship with human society.

Easy Geography Research Paper Topics

Want to write your paper in just a couple of hours? Explore a curated list of accessible and easy geography research paper topics that will make your geography research paper writing a breeze:

• The impact of climate change on coastal regions
• Exploring the relationship between geography and tourism
• Analyzing urbanization trends in developing countries
• Investigating the effects of deforestation on biodiversity
• Examining the role of geography in natural disaster management
• Studying the cultural landscape of a specific region
• Analyzing the geography of food production and distribution
• Exploring the impact of transportation on urban development
• Investigating the geography of renewable energy sources
• Analyzing the spatial patterns of population growth
• Studying the impact of globalization on local economies
• Examining the geography of water resources and management

Human Geography Research Topics

Improve your chances of getting a top grade! Delve into the complex interplay between humans and their environment with this comprehensive list of human geography research topics:

• Exploring the social implications of gentrification in urban areas
• Analyzing the influence of gender on migration patterns
• Investigating the impact of globalization on cultural identity
• Examining the geography of poverty and social inequality
• Studying the relationship between health and geographical location
• Analyzing the spatial distribution of ethnic communities in cities
• Investigating the geography of political power and governance
• Exploring the role of geography in shaping human behavior
• Analyzing the impacts of urban sprawl on communities
• Studying the geography of education access and quality
• Examining the spatial patterns of crime and its socio-economic factors
• Investigating the geography of healthcare provision and disparities

Cultural Geography Research Topics

Interested in cultural geography? Immerse yourself in the rich tapestry of cultures and their geographical influences with this captivating list of cultural geography research topics:

• Analyzing the cultural landscapes of indigenous communities
• Exploring the impact of globalization on cultural diversity
• Investigating the geography of language and its preservation
• Examining the influence of religion on cultural landscapes
• Studying the role of cultural heritage in tourism development
• Analyzing the geography of cultural festivals and events
• Investigating the spatial patterns of cultural diffusion
• Exploring the impact of migration on cultural identities
• Analyzing the geography of music and its regional variations
• Investigating the role of food culture in shaping identities
• Examining the spatial distribution of cultural institutions
• Studying the geography of art and its impact on communities

Physical Geography Research Topics

Do you want to write about physical geography? Investigate the natural processes and phenomena shaping our planet through this collection of compelling physical geography research topics:

• Analyzing the processes of coastal erosion and their impacts
• Investigating the formation and characteristics of river systems
• Examining the effects of climate change on glacial landscapes
• Analyzing the spatial patterns of soil erosion and conservation
• Investigating the biogeography of specific ecosystems
• Exploring the impacts of climate on vegetation patterns
• Analyzing the geography of water resources and hydrology
• Investigating the formation and classification of landforms
• Examining the spatial distribution of biodiversity hotspots
• Studying the interactions between humans and the natural environment
• Exploring the impacts of urbanization on natural landscapes

Geography Thesis Topics

Are you busy planning your thesis? Engage in an in-depth exploration of geographic concepts and theories with this thought-provoking list of geography thesis topics:

• Investigating the geographical aspects of sustainable development
• Analyzing the impacts of climate change on vulnerable communities
• Exploring the role of geography in disaster risk reduction
• Studying the geography of migration and refugee movements
• Examining the relationship between urban planning and social equity
• Analyzing the spatial patterns of energy consumption and renewable solutions
• Exploring the geographical dimensions of political conflicts and peacebuilding
• Investigating the role of geography in land use planning and conservation
• Examining the impacts of globalization on local economies

Urban Geography Thesis Topics

Are you interested in writing about urban geography? Analyze the complexities of urban landscapes and urbanization processes with this curated selection of urban geography thesis topics:

• Analyzing the effects of gentrification on urban neighborhoods
• Investigating the role of urban design in creating sustainable cities
• Examining the spatial patterns of urban sprawl and its consequences
• Studying the geography of social segregation in urban areas
• Analyzing the impacts of transportation systems on urban mobility
• Investigating the relationship between urbanization and public health
• Exploring the geography of informal settlements and slums
• Analyzing the impacts of urban green spaces on quality of life
• Investigating the geography of urban food systems and food security
• Examining the role of technology in shaping smart cities
• Studying the spatial distribution of cultural and recreational amenities in cities

PhD Research Topics In Geography

Expand the boundaries of geographical knowledge and contribute to the field with this diverse and stimulating list of PhD research topics in geography:

• Analyzing the geography of environmental justice in urban areas
• Investigating the impacts of climate change on indigenous communities
• Examining the role of geography in disaster risk governance
• Studying the spatial patterns of land use change in rapidly urbanizing regions
• Analyzing the impacts of transportation infrastructure on accessibility and equity
• Investigating the geographical dimensions of health inequalities
• Exploring the relationship between globalization and urbanization processes
• Analyzing the geography of political conflicts and territorial disputes
• Investigating the impacts of natural resource extraction on local communities
• Studying the spatial dynamics of international migration and its consequences
• Exploring the geography of innovation and knowledge economies in cities

Captivating Research Topics In Geography

Looking for some captivating research topics in geography? Ignite curiosity and scholarly interest with this awesome collection of research topics that delve into various aspects of geography:

• Investigating the geography of mega-cities and their challenges
• Analyzing the impacts of climate change on vulnerable coastal regions
• Exploring the spatial patterns of cultural landscapes and heritage sites
• Studying the geography of borderlands and transnational interactions
• Examining the impacts of tourism on local communities and environments
• The role of geography in understanding human-environment interactions
• Analyzing the spatial distribution of environmental pollution and its impacts
• Exploring the geography of global food systems and agricultural practices
• Investigating the impacts of natural disasters on urban resilience
• Examining the role of geography in understanding urban inequalities
• Studying the geography of geopolitical conflicts and their implications
• Exploring the impacts of technological advancements on landscapes

Interesting Geography Research Topics

Discover a wide range of interesting geography research topics that will pique your professor’s curiosity and offer new insights into the world of geography:

• Analyzing the impacts of climate change on glacier retreat and water resources
• Investigating the geography of renewable energy transition and its challenges
• Examining the spatial patterns of urban heat islands and their mitigation strategies
• Studying the impacts of land use change on biodiversity conservation
• Investigating the role of geography in understanding cultural diversity
• Exploring the geography of disease outbreaks and their spatial spread
• Investigating the impacts of natural hazards on human vulnerability and resilience
• Examining the spatial distribution of ecological corridors
• Studying the geography of regional economic disparities and development strategies
• Exploring the impacts of transportation infrastructure on urban accessibility
• The role of geography in understanding weather patterns

Good Geography Research Topics For 2023

Looking for some current topics to write about? Choose from a list of good geography research topics for 2023 that showcase the relevance and significance of geography in today’s world:

• Impacts of population growth on urban infrastructure and services in geography
• Geography of water scarcity and its implications for communities
• Spatial patterns of environmental conservation and protected areas in geography
• Impacts of land degradation on agricultural productivity and food security
• Geography of natural resource management and sustainable practices
• Relationship between climate change and human migration patterns in geography
• Spatial distribution of environmental justice and marginalized communities
• Impacts of urbanization on water pollution and ecosystem degradation
• Geography of renewable energy sources and their integration into the grid
• Role of geography in understanding regional conflicts over natural resources
• Impacts of deforestation on biodiversity loss and ecosystem services

Geography Topics For Research For College

Need some great geography topics for research for college? Explore a comprehensive list of geography research topics tailored for college-level studies, offering opportunities for critical analysis and exploration:

• Impacts of transportation infrastructure on urban air quality in geography
• Geography of urban gentrification and displacement
• Spatial patterns of urban food waste and its environmental consequences
• Impacts of tourism development on fragile ecosystems in geography
• Geography of environmental migration and its social implications
• Role of geography in understanding climate adaptation strategies
• Spatial distribution of environmental inequalities and environmental racism
• Impacts of land use change on water quality in agricultural regions
• Geography of geopolitical conflicts and territorial disputes
• Impacts of industrial pollution on urban health and well-being
• Role of geography in understanding disaster preparedness

Interesting Geography Topics For High School

Get the most interesting geography topics for high school. Foster geographical curiosity and critical thinking skills with this intriguing list of essay topics designed specifically by our best dissertation service writers for high school students:

• Analyzing the impacts of climate change on the polar regions
• Investigating the geography of natural hazards
• Examining the spatial distribution of endangered species
• Studying the impacts of urbanization on wildlife habitat fragmentation
• Exploring the geography of cultural diversity and multiculturalism in cities
• Investigating the role of geography in understanding climate variability
• Analyzing the spatial patterns of population distribution and density
• Investigating the geography of international migration and refugee flows
• Examining the impacts of tourism on local communities and cultures
• Studying the geography of natural resources
• Exploring the role of geography in understanding global inequality

Engaging Geographical Research Topics

Embark on a captivating journey of geographical exploration with this diverse collection of engaging geographical research topics, connecting people, places and the environment through insightful investigations:

• Urban sprawl impacts on land use and ecosystem services in geography
• Geography of renewable energy transition and its challenges
• Spatial patterns of urban heat islands and impacts on residents
• Impacts of climate change on coastal erosion and shoreline management
• Geography of water scarcity and implications for human populations
• Role of geography in understanding geopolitical conflicts and peacebuilding
• Spatial distribution of environmental pollutants and health effects
• Impacts of globalization on local economies and cultural landscapes
• Geography of gender inequalities and spatial dimensions
• Impacts of natural disasters on vulnerable communities and recovery
• Role of geography in understanding migration dynamics and urbanization
• Geography of political borders and their social and economic implications

Affordable Thesis Help You Can Rely On

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Make sure to check our posts with other topics before you leave:

• 122 Best Ecology Topics To Sparkle Your Writing
• 195 Top Anthropology Topics For Great Thesis
• 170 Fantastic Astronomy Topics For High Scoring Tests

Why is choosing a great topic important when writing a geography essay?

Choosing a great topic ensures that your essay is engaging, relevant, and allows you to demonstrate your understanding of key geographical concepts while capturing the reader’s interest.

How can I choose a great topic for my geography essay?

To choose a great topic, consider current geographical issues, areas of personal interest and the availability of reliable sources. Additionally, ensure that the topic aligns with your essay’s objectives and requirements.

What are some strategies for narrowing down a geography essay topic?

To narrow down your topic, focus on specific geographical regions, phenomena, or concepts. Consider exploring the intersections between different aspects of geography, such as human and physical geography, to create a unique and well-rounded essay topic.

Can I get assistance in choosing a great topic for my geography essay?

Yes, you can seek guidance from your instructor, consult reputable academic resources or utilize online platforms that provide topic suggestions. Engaging in discussions with peers or experts in the field can also help generate ideas and refine your topic choice.

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• University of Oregon Libraries
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• Why Cite Your Sources
• Citation Management Tools

Where to get Ideas

• Required and optional course readings
• Conversations with others
• Visiting your professor's office hours
• Consulting with your Librarian
• Inspiration from your environment

Understanding Assignments (Video Tutorial)

This short video from the UNC Writing Center will help you understand how to use your assignment to understand where to begin with a research project.

Check out this tutorial from Arizona State Libraries to get started:

• Developing a Research or Guiding Question

Choosing Your Topic is Research (Video Tutorial)

Watch this short video from NC State University Libraries about choosing a research topic.

Getting Started with Research - Choosing a Topic

Getting started .

• Make sure you understand your assignment ( Link to UNC video tutorial about understanding assignments ). Talk to your professor or graduate assistant if you have any questions.
• Think about your interests. What would you like to spend time learning more about? Look over your course materials and lecture notes for ideas. Write down a list of keywords and phrases that interest you.
• Use a topic ideas database such as CQ Researcher or Opposing Viewpoints in Context (links below). Read current periodicals, browse the internet, and check out reference resources and encyclopedias such as Gale e-books  (formerly Gale Virtual Reference Library ).

Databases to help you get started

• Be careful not to pick a topic too narrow or too broad. You might not be able to find enough relevant information or you might be overwhelmed with too much information. As you start your research, you might need to adjust your topic. 
• Check out the  Research Guide  for your subject area, which will include links to helpful resources commonly used by researchers. Our  subject specialist librarians  create these guides -- contact yours with questions and to get personalized help with your research. 

From Topic to Question (Infographic)

This graphic emphasizes how reading various sources can play a role in defining your research topic.

( Click to Enlarge Image )

Text description of "From Topic to Question" for web accessibility

Brainstorming Keywords (Infographic)

You will need to use keywords to search for information online and in library resources. Follow this guidance to identify keywords that will be useful for searching.

Text description of "Brainstorming Keywords" for web accessibility

Selecting the Right Number of Keywords (Video Tutorial)

Check out the video from Kimbel Library to help you locate scholarly journal articles in library databases. 

• Selecting the Right Number of Keywords

The video is licensed under a Creative Commons  (CC) BY-NC-ND 3.0  license:  http://tinyurl.com/2t9all

Pause to Reflect

Step one not only requires that you come up wth a research question or topic that is narrow enough to explore for an undergraduate research paper, but it also requires that you consider what type of information you will need to find in order to answer your research question.

• Is your topic so large you could write a whole book or PhD dissertation on it? If so, you should try to narrow your topic down to something manageable within the time you have and the number of pages or words your instructor is requiring.
• Is your topic so specific that you can't find information about it? Go to step 3 to learn how to search more strategically and broaden your search out a bit.
• Do you need some basic facts, dates, or names of historical people or specific theories? If so, go on to step 2: Find Background Information .
• When you are ready, go to step 3 to learn how and where to search for information on your topic.

  Mount Hood reflected in Mirror Lake, Oregon, USA . Image in Public Domain.

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GEOGRAPHY SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT EXEMPLARS - CAPS GRADE 12 LEARNER'S GUIDE

GEOGRAPHY SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT EXEMPLARS - CAPS GRADE 12 LEARNER GUIDE

1. Introduction  The purpose of this document is to provide learners with a set of benchmarked school- based assessment tasks (SBAs).  It contains useful information and guidelines in the form of exemplars on the following aspects of the curriculum: 

• How to do a research task 
• Working with sources and source-based questions 
• Data handling  
• Marking rubrics as guidelines to completing research tasks 

2. Objectives/Aims of the project  It is envisaged that this SBA document will provide learners with examples of SBA tasks that are of high quality and a  high standard. 

• A common standard is set as prescribed by the Curriculum and Assessment Policy Statement (CAPS) document. 
• Quality teaching and learning of FET – Grade 12 Geography is promoted throughout all schools in South Africa. 

3. Assessment tasks as outlined by CAPS

4. Assessment tasks  4.1 Term 1 – Data-handling task  Two examples of typical data-handling tasks are provided below. 

4.1.1 Exemplar: Data-handling task 1 

• Curriculum content: Physical Geography (tropical cyclones, subtropical anti-cyclones and drainage basins) •  Compliant with CAPS. 
• May be tested in the CAPS final external examination. 
• One (1) data-handling task must be done. 

GRADE 12 SBA (CAPS 2014)  DATA-HANDLING TASK  PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 

TIME: 1 hour (60 minutes)  MARKS: 60  QUESTION 1  1.1 Refer to FIGURE 1A showing a synoptic weather map of Tropical Cyclone Irina. 

1.1.1 Determine the number of tropical cyclones, including Irina, that has occurred during this tropical cyclone  season. (1 x 2) (2)  1.1.2 Give a reason to support your answer to QUESTION 1.1.1. (1 x 2) (2) 1.1.3 Describe the surface air circulation within Tropical Cyclone Irina. (1 x 2) (2) 

1.2 Refer to FIGURE 1B showing a satellite image of Tropical Cyclone Irina and FIGURE 1C showing the projected path  of Tropical Cyclone Irina. 

1.2.1 Using the satellite image, determine in which stage of development Tropical Cyclone Irina is. (1 x 2) (2)  1.2.2 Give evidence from the satellite image to support your answer to QUESTION 1.2.1   (1 x 2) (2)  1.2.3 Discuss TWO socio-economic impacts of Tropical Cyclone Irina on areas along the east coast of southern  Africa. (2 x 2) (4)  1.2.4 Draw a labelled cross-section of Tropical Cyclone Irina as depicted on the satellite image from X to Y.  Clearly indicate the position of the eye and the cumulonimbus clouds on your cross-section. (2 x 2) (4)  1.2.5 State the reason for the use of the words, ‘projected path’ when describing the path of Tropical Cyclone  Irina. (1 x 2) (2)

1.3 Refer to FIGURE 1A. 

1.3.1 Identify the high-pressure cells labelled P and Q. (2 x 2) (4) 1.3.2 Use evidence from the map to explain whether wind speed will be greater in area P or area Q. (3 x 2) (6)

QUESTION 2  2.1 Refer to FIGURE 2A showing cross-sections of the Tugela River along its course in its drainage basin shown in  FIGURE 2B. 

2.1.1 Define the term drainage basin. (1 x 2) (2)  2.1.2 Which of FIGURE 2A and FIGURE 2B shows a longitudinal and transverse profile respectively? (2 x 2) (4)  2.1.3 Match each of cross-sections A, B and C (FIGURE 2A) with positions (i), (ii) and (iii) (FIGURE 2B).  (3 x 2) (6)  2.1.4 Briefly explain the difference in the width of the river channel at A and C. (2 x 2) (4)

2.2 Refer to FIGURE 2B showing the drainage basin of the Tugela River from its upper to the middle to the lower course.

2.2.1 Determine the stream order of the Tugela River at point X along its course. 1 x 2) (2) 2.2.2 Identify and explain ONE of the stream channel patterns of the Tugela River at (ii) along its course. (3 x 2) (6)  2.2.3 Draw a labelled free-hand cross-section through the river channel along line T–S, showing the position of  and the difference in shape between a slip-off slope and an undercut slope. (2 x 2) (4)  2.2.4 Give ONE reason why the Tugela River is more likely to flood in the vicinity of (iii). (1 x 2) (2)

[30] GRAND TOTAL: 60

4.1.2 Exemplar: Data-handling task 2 

• Curriculum content: People and their needs (gross domestic product, industrial areas, industrial development  zones [IDZ]) 
• Compliant with CAPS. 
• May be tested in the NCS and CAPS final external examination. 

GRADE 12 SBA (CAPS 2014)  DATA-HANDLING TASK  PEOPLE AND THEIR NEEDS 

TIME: 1 hour (60 minutes)   MARKS: 60  QUESTION 1  1.1 Refer to FIGURES 1A and 1B and answer the questions that follow. 

1.1.1 Define the following terms: 

• Gross domestic product (1 x 2) (2)
• Balance of trade (1 x 2) (2)

1.2 Identify the largest and the smallest contributor to the South African GDP. (2 x 2) (4) 1.3 Use FIGURE 1B to describe the trend of the South African GDP from 2010 to 2012. (1 x 2) (2) 1.4 How will the trend mentioned in QUESTION 1.3 affect South Africa’s Balance of Trade? (1 x 2) (2)  1.5 Which economic activity (primary, secondary or tertiary) in FIGURE 1A accounts for the existing trend mentioned in  QUESTION 1.3? (1 x 2) (2)  1.6 Discuss the relationship between the percentage contributed by agriculture to the South African GDP and food security  in the country. (2 x 2) (4)  1.7 FIGURE 1A indicates that the agricultural sector contributes a very small percentage to the GDP. Write a short paragraph  (approximately 12 lines) in which you account for the small contribution of the agricultural sector to the South African  GDP. (6 x 2) (12) 

2.3 Explain any TWO factors that have led to the growth and development of the industrial area referred to in QUESTION  2.2. (2 x 2) (4) 

QUESTION 3  Refer to FIGURE 3 before answering the questions below.  3.1 What is an IDZ? (1 x 2) (2) 3.2 Name the province in which the Coega IDZ is located. (1 x 2) (2) 3.3 Briefly describe TWO aims for the development of the Coega IDZ. (2 x 2) (4)  3.4 As a manufacturer of heavy earth-moving equipment for sale in Asia, explain what would encourage you to open a  factory in the Coega IDZ. (2 x 2) (4)  3.5 Suppose you are a South African government official responsible for economic development. State FOUR incen tives you would use to attract foreign investors to the Coega IDZ. (4 x 2) (8) 

[20]  GRAND TOTAL: 60

FIGURE 3: COEGA IDZ

4.2 Term 3 – Research task  Two examples of typical research tasks are provided below.  4.2.1 Learner guidelines for conducting research  Research framework for assessment (Guideline on administration of research task) 

In choosing a topic for research, isolate topics in specific areas in the Geography CAPS content that you have studied  in Grade 12. 

4.2.2 Guidelines for research  Research Task   Step 1: Formulating a hypothesis/problem statement   As Geographers we seek to understand and explain the interactions amongst humans, and between humans and the  environment in space and time. This is achieved by asking questions or making informed geographical decisions. This  entails the development of a hypothesis or a problem statement to be tested. 

• You have to choose a specific area of study where a geographical problem exists.  
• During this stage, a geographical question showing a problem is asked. 
• Identify the problem from a local area. 
• Formulate a hypothesis or a problem statement. (Hypothesis research is used to prove that certain variables  are dependent on or independent of each other. Problem statement research is only to highlight that a specific  problem exists in a specific community.)  
• You should then follow the steps of research to ensure that the geographical question is answered.  

Other possible hypothesis-type research examples: 

• The value of property along north-facing slopes is higher than the value of property along south-facing slopes in  Meyersdal, Gauteng (choose local area).  
• The cause of rural-urban migration in Ndwedwe, KwaZulu-Natal (choose local area), is the lack of service delivery  in the health sector. 
• Climate change will impact negatively on grape farming and related industries in the Western Cape. 
• The closing down of many primary schools in Lusikisiki (Eastern Cape) (choose a local area) is due to a decline  of the population in the age group 7 to 15 years. 
• The poor condition of roads (specify the names of the roads) leading to/in Harrismith, Free State (choose local  area), is due to the lack of proper planning by the local municipality. 
• The impact of building a dam along the Jukskei River in Gauteng (choose local area) upstream of Alexandra will  reduce flooding and the subsequent loss of life in Alexandra. 
• The e-toll system will impact negatively on the economic position of people using private transport in Gauteng. 
• The e-toll system will impact positively on traffic flow to the major urban centres in Gauteng. 
• Informal settlements in the Vhembe district of Limpopo have low levels of development due to the lack of provision  of basic needs (choose ONE informal settlement in your local area). 
• Overcrowding of informal settlements is due to the lack of proper planning by the local government (choose local  area). 

Step 2: Background information about an area of study 

• You must explain where in South Africa the study area is located. (This can be indicated on the map.)
• Describe the study area in terms of its exact position (degrees, minutes and seconds). 
• Provide relevant information about the area, for example population of the area or climate of the area. 

Step 3: Mapping 

• You must provide a map of the area in question. 
• During this stage you must create a buffer zone around the area where the geographical problem exists. 
• The map should have a clear legend/key and must be drawn to scale. The scale must be indicated on the map.
• If the map used covers a wider area, buffer zones around the area of study should be created.
• The map used should be the most recent map of the study area. 

Step 4: Methods of data collection 

• The use of questionnaires
• Observations
• Field trips
• Newspaper articles
• Government department statistics

Step 5: Analysis and synthesis of data 

• Use collected data now to formulate a discussion around the existing geographical problem. 
• At this stage you should represent some of the information graphically where necessary, for example graphs and  sketches. 
• Analyse graphic information during this stage. 

Step 6: Recommendations and possible solutions 

• You should now make recommendations to solve the geographical problem in question. 
• You should present your original and realistic opinions as far as you possibly can.  

Step 7: Conclusion – accept or reject the hypothesis 

• You should now take a decision to either ACCEPT or REJECT the hypothesis. 
• Give reasons for either ACCEPTING or REJECTING the hypothesis.

Step 8: Bibliography 

• You must include a comprehensive bibliography. 
• List websites in full. 
• You must include annexures of questionnaires and interviews conducted. 

Step 9: Submission 

• You must include graphs, tables, diagrams and pictures where necessary. 
• On submission, ensure that a suitable cover page is included. 

4.2.3 Compiling a bibliography for a research task 

• For a book: Author (last name, initials). Title of Book (Publishers, Date of publication). Example: Dahl, R. The BFG. (Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1982). 
• For an encyclopaedia: Encyclopaedia Title , Edition date. Volume number, ˈArticle Titleˈ, page number(s). Example: Encyclopaedia Britannica , 1997. Volume 7, ˈGorillasˈ, pp. 50–51. 
• For a magazine: Author (last name first), ˈArticle Titleˈ. Name of Magazine . Volume number, (Date): page number(s). Example: Jordan, Jennifer, ˈFilming at the Top of the Worldˈ. Museum of Science Magazine . Volume 47, No. 1, (Winter 1998): p. 11. 
• For a newspaper:  Author (last name first), ˈArticle Titleˈ. Name of Newspaper. City, state publication. (Date): Edition if available, Section,  page number(s). Example: Powers, Ann, ˈNew Tune for the Material Girlˈ. The New York Times . New York, NY.  (3/1/98): Atlantic Region, Section 2, p. 34. 
• For a website: Quote the name of the website in full and underline. Example:  http://www.sahistory.org.za/topic/womens-struggle-1900-1994
• For a person:  Full name (last name first). Occupation, date of interview. Example: Smeckleburg, Sweets. Bus driver. 1 April 1996. 
• For a film/documentary:  Title, Director, Distribution, Year. Example: Braveheart, Director Mel Gibson, Icon Productions, 1995. 

4.2.4 Proposed cover page for a research task 

STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY  I hereby declare that ALL pieces of writing contained in this research task are my own original work and that if  I made use of any source, I have duly acknowledged it.  

Learner’s signature: __________________________________ Date: _____________

4.2.5 Exemplar: Research task 1 

• Curriculum content: Key human-environment interactions in urban areas: People and places – inner-city problems 
• One (1) research task must be done. 

Compile your research by completing the activities outlined below. 

Step 1: Formulate the hypothesis/problem statement 

• Formulate your own hypothesis based on a problem you have identified, for example: The increasing number of informal settlements (choose localised informal settlement) in and around urban areas in  South Africa has resulted in higher crime rates within the inner city due to higher unemployment. (Focus: More people  in surrounding informal settlements result in unemployment causing people to turn to crime.)  

Step 2: Background information about the study area  Give a brief introduction and description (background information) of the city (study area) you have selected in terms of: 

• Historical background 
• Population 
• Description of the location of informal settlements in relation to the inner city 
• Other relevant statistical information 
• Provide a map showing the position of the informal settlement in relation to the city that you have identified for  your research task. (It is easier to choose your local area as an area of study.) 
• The map should clearly indicate buffer zones where informal settlements are located.
• The map should include areas of the city that are regarded as crime ˈhotspotsˈ. 
• The map must have a clear legend/key. 
• The scale of the map must be indicated.

Step 4: Data collection  Collect data using at least THREE methods, for example: 

• Questionnaires 
• Interviews 
• Field trips 
• Photographs and maps 
• Literature research (newspapers, magazines, books, et cetera) 
• Internet research 
• Analyse the data that you have collected, and formulate a report on your findings. Support your findings with  graphs, photos, et cetera. 
• Briefly discuss how the existence of informal settlements contributes to crime in the inner city. 
• Briefly discuss the contribution of high unemployment rates in the informal settlement to crime in the inner city. 

Step 6: Recommendations and solutions 

• Provide suitable recommendations and solutions to the problem. 

Step 7: Conclusion – accept or reject the hypothesis  

• Based on your findings in Step 5, you may either ACCEPT or REJECT the hypothesis. 
• Give reasons for your conclusion. 
• Compile a bibliography for your research. If you have done any Internet research, you must provide the website(s)  that you have used in full. 
• Collate all your information.  
• Include a table of contents. 
• Ensure that you include a copy of the questionnaire and/or questions asked in your interviews as annexures. 
• Design a suitable cover sheet. 
• Submit your research.

4.2.6 Exemplar: Research task 2 

• Curriculum content: Physical Geography (fluvial processes) 

Choose a river close to your school or where you live as an area of study, and conduct your research by following the  steps outlined below.  Step 1: Formulate the hypothesis/problem statement 

• Formulate your own hypothesis based on a problem you have identified, for example: 

Step 2: Background information about the river under study 

• Describe the provincial location of the river. 
• Climate – particularly the amount of rainfall that is received. 
• Vegetation 
• Relief and topography 
• Underlying rock structure 
• Specify the river type, for example permanent, periodic. 
• Describe the river stage (youth, mature or old age) at your study area.  
• Provide a map showing the river being studied and the adjacent settlements.  
• Create a clear buffer zone at the part of the river that is being studied. 
• The map should have a clear key/legend. 
• Indicate the scale of the map.
• Use the above sets of data collected to determine the extent to which the river is affected by human activities. 
• Explain in detail how the identified human activities impact on the quality of water and the flow pattern of the river. 

Step 6: Recommendations and solutions  

• In your opinion as a researcher, what would be the possible solution(s) to the negative impact caused by human  activities in the river? 
• Make long-term recommendations to the government department(s) leading to legislature to protect the river.

Step 7: Conclusion – accept or reject the hypothesis

• Submit your research. 

4.2.7 Proposed marking rubric for a research task 

NAME OF LEARNER: _________________________________________________________GRADE: __________

CURRICULUM TOPIC: __________________________________________________________________________

RESEARCH TOPIC: __________________________________________________________________________

EDUCATOR NAME: ______________________________DATE OF ASSESSMENT: __________________

MODERATOR NAME: ______________________________DATE OF MODERATION: __________________

5. CONCLUSION  This document provides you with a framework to develop your own research task. It also provides you with a framework  of expectancy for data-handling tasks. The framework for data-handling tasks can also be used to prepare for external  examinations where data-handling-type questions can be asked.  A clear guideline has been developed on how to conduct research. This guideline can be applied to any topic within the  CAPS in which you wish to conduct research. The marking rubric that has been included will also provide you with a  clear guide on the time that should be spent on the various phases of doing research.  The high standard of these tasks will provide a platform for you to develop skills such as research, interpretation of  resources, integration of resources and graphs, all skills required for the final external Geography examination. These  are also skills that can be put to use at a later stage in your life.

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Conducting Geographic Analysis

Google Earth Idea Set focusing on basic GIS techniques.

In our modern, globally interconnected society, it is more important than ever that we understand the world around us. Google Earth allows us to visualize and bring together information about our world, and to use this information to ask and answer geographic questions. When our students do this, they are building skills in geographic analysis and geospatial thinking, which are critical for making well-reasoned decisions that affect our world.

These ideas closely connect to the National Geography Standards , some of the Next Generation Science Standards , and many of the Geography Standards in the C3 Framework .

Let's Make a Move

Challenge students to build a case for a city or town to relocate its school. Have students brainstorm what criteria are important to consider. These might include access to parks and recreation, transportation, housing, food, and access to medical care. Have students work in groups to explore and gather information via Google Earth and other sources. Have students use the claim, evidence, and reasoning framework to create an argument for their chosen location and use Google Earth to present their case to their classmates, the school administration, or their parents.

Our Quaking Earth

Naturally-occurring earthquakes are a regular part of our Earth’s geological cycle, yet they do pose a threat to those who live near earthquake-prone zones. Have your students visit the USGS Earthquake Hazards Program webpage and download a KML file of earthquakes around the world from the last 30 days (Tip: select “KML” in the Output Option section). Have them load this file in Google Earth in their “My Places” folder and explore the geographic data.

Ask students to observe, ask questions about, and discuss the geographic patterns of where earthquakes take place, both on land and in the ocean. For additional information, have students read the Encyclopedic Entry: Ring of Fire . To guide student discussion and investigation of the earthquake data, use the following types of questions and prompts:

• Where do earthquakes occur? Why might they occur in these regions?
• Make observations and describe some characteristics of the areas where many earthquakes occur (e.g., landmarks, cities, population, land use, mountains, volcanoes).
• Is there a correlation between areas of frequent earthquakes and population density?
• How does the possibility of earthquakes affect people living in areas of a higher frequency of earthquakes? What modifications do people in these areas make to their environment and buildings to live there more safely?
• An offshore earthquake could trigger a tsunami. What regions would you predict to be at risk for tsunamis?

Geography in the News

Have students view the latest news from National Geographic and read three articles that spark their interest. Challenge students to develop a geographic question about a location or topic featured in one of the articles. Have students take steps to acquire, organize, and analyze information to address the question, and share their findings. They can map the locations of each article in Google Earth, saving each to their “My Places” folder, or they can use Google My Maps to do this, adding a description and image for each place to create their own tour of the news.

Preservation in Your Community

Many National Geographic Explorers work to protect sites of cultural, archaeological, and environmental significance. Have students read about the work of one or more of these explorers: conservation biologist Dr. Krithi Karanth , paleontologist Jørn Hurum , Egyptologist Dr. Sarah Parcak , and photojournalist/water conservationist Shannon Switzer .

Lead a discussion using the question: How do people decide what is important to preserve and protect? Then have students use Google Earth to map important sites in their community, saving them to their My Places folder. Use the following guiding questions to drive inquiry: Are there any geographic patterns in my map of important sites? Have them see what spatial patterns they can discover about the map they made. What is worth protecting in my community? What can happen if we don’t protect our community? Have students make predictions and explain their thinking with evidence and reasoning. To go further, have students answer: What current actions are we taking to protect these sites? Are they sufficient and sustainable? What can we do to help?

The Search for Energy

Bring the topic of energy use into the classroom using Steps 1 and 2 of the activity  Mixing Energy Resources (you can use the later steps as an extension to this). Then have students download this KMZ file (World Bank, Sustainable Energy for All database) of renewable energy output and open it in Google Earth. Let them take time to read the legend and study the map. Make sure that students understand that this map shows the percent of electricity in each country that comes from renewable sources. Have them identify the countries with the highest and lowest percentages and conduct research in small groups to discover the energy story of one country on each side of the spectrum. This can include answering the questions: Which renewable or nonrenewable resources does this country have easy access to? Do they import or export their energy? Have they made big changes in recent years in how they generate their energy?

Students can also visit their country in Google Earth and identify energy infrastructure (pipelines, power plants, solar installations, wind turbines, etc.).

Native American Communities and Reservations

Start by having students download this KMZ file  (US Census Bureau) of present-day Native American reservations in the United States and open it in Google Earth. Ask students to study the map and make geographic observations (for example, the reservations in the eastern part of the United States are much smaller than the reservations in the west, or the state of Oklahoma contains many reservations that cover a majority of the state). Have students share what is surprising or new to them from viewing this map. Then have students read this short article on the U.S. Indian Removal Act of 1830. Have students discuss what they think the impacts of this law would have been to Native American communities. Challenge students to think about this from different angles, such as a culture or health point of view.

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Tropical Cyclone Hagibis – Geography Grade 12 Research Task

On this page, we have compiled a general guide for Grade 12 Geography Students who are doing their research on Tropical Cyclone Hagabis.

In exploring the characteristics and implications of Tropical Cyclone Hagibis, this research task explores various aspects of tropical cyclones, their development, impacts, and the mitigative strategies that can be employed to minimize their destructive effects. This analysis provides insightful understanding into the dynamics of such natural disasters, particularly focusing on Tropical Cyclone Hagibis.

Overview of Tropical Cyclone Hagabis:

Tropical Cyclone Hagibis, which struck Japan in October 2019, is remembered as one of the most potent and devastating cyclones to hit the region in recent decades. Rapidly intensifying to a Category 5 super typhoon , Hagibis showcased the catastrophic potential of tropical cyclones, with its development fueled by exceptionally warm ocean temperatures and the release of immense amounts of latent heat. Making landfall on the Izu Peninsula on October 12, the cyclone brought unprecedented rainfall, leading to widespread flooding, landslides, and significant infrastructural damage. Hagibis resulted in the loss of over 80 lives, highlighted the urgent need for effective disaster preparedness and response strategies, and became a focal point for discussions on climate change’s impact on the frequency and intensity of such natural disasters.

Map indicating the path of the tropical cyclone Hagabis

Map indicating the path of the tropical cyclone Hagabis:

Why do tropical cyclones develop in late summer?

Tropical cyclones predominantly develop in late summer due to the elevated sea temperatures that prevail during this period. The warm waters serve as the energy source that fuels the cyclones, facilitating the evaporation of warm, moist air that ascends, cools, and condenses to form storm systems. This process is essential for the genesis and intensification of tropical cyclones.

What is the impact of coriolis force and latent heat on the development of tropical cyclones?

The development of tropical cyclones is significantly influenced by the Coriolis force and the release of latent heat . The Coriolis force, a result of the Earth’s rotation, imparts a rotational motion to the storm, which is crucial for the cyclone’s development. Latent heat, released during the condensation of water vapor in the air, provides the energy that intensifies the storm, contributing to the tropical cyclone’s growth and power.

The stage of development of the Tropical Cyclone Hagibis

Tropical Cyclone Hagibis underwent rapid intensification, evolving from a tropical storm to a Category 5 super typhoon in an exceptionally short period. This stage of development highlights the cyclone’s explosive energy release, attributed to the immense amount of latent heat generated during the condensation process, showcasing the cyclone’s capacity for rapid growth and intensification.

Why can category 1 tropical cyclones be more destructive (damaging) than category 5 tropical cyclones?

Category 1 tropical cyclones can be more destructive than Category 5 cyclones due to several factors, including their speed, trajectory, and the specific areas they impact. A Category 1 cyclone, moving slowly over a densely populated area, can cause extensive damage through prolonged exposure to strong winds and heavy rainfall, leading to significant flooding and infrastructural damage.

How did Tropical Cyclone Hagibis impact the following?

Environment.

Tropical Cyclone Hagibis had a profound impact on the environment, causing extensive flooding and landslides. The environmental degradation included overflowed rivers, soil erosion, and significant damage to natural habitats, disrupting the ecological balance in the affected areas.

The economic ramifications of Hagibis were severe, with widespread damage to infrastructure, residential areas, and the agricultural sector. The cyclone’s destruction led to substantial economic losses, highlighting the need for effective disaster preparedness and recovery strategies.

People/Communities

The impact on people and communities was devastating, with Hagibis causing fatalities, displacements, and extensive damage to homes and community facilities. The cyclone’s effects underscored the vulnerability of communities to such natural disasters and the importance of robust emergency response and support systems.

What precautions can be implemented/ or has been implemented to reduce the impact of Tropical Cyclone Hagibis?

The local government/government of the country.

The government’s response included issuing early evacuation orders, setting up emergency shelters, and investing in meteorological technology to improve storm predictions and responses. These measures were critical in minimizing the cyclone’s impact on affected communities.

The local residents

Local residents were encouraged to engage in preparedness activities, including assembling emergency kits, formulating evacuation plans, and identifying safe shelter locations. Community-level drills and infrastructure reinforcement also played vital roles in enhancing resilience to tropical cyclones.

Evaluating the impact of Global Warming on the frequency (regularity) of tropical cyclones.

Global warming, characterized by rising sea temperatures, is likely to increase the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones . The enhanced energy and moisture available in a warmer climate contribute to more potent and potentially more frequent tropical storms, raising the risk profile for regions prone to such natural phenomena.

Discussing the path of the tropical cyclone Hagabis

Tropical Cyclone Hagibis, notable for its rapid intensification and devastating impact , traced a path that left a significant imprint on Japan in October 2019 . This section discusses the journey of Hagibis from its formation to its landfall and the aftermath.

Formation and Intensification

Originating from a tropical depression in the Western Pacific Ocean, Hagibis escalated into a super typhoon at an unprecedented rate. Key factors contributing to its rapid growth included exceptionally warm sea temperatures and favorable atmospheric conditions, propelling it to reach Category 5 status. This phase of Hagibis highlights the dynamic and powerful nature of tropical cyclones under conducive environmental conditions.

Movement Towards Japan

As it advanced towards Japan, Hagibis started to show signs of weakening but remained a robust and extensive storm system. The approach of Hagibis was closely monitored, with meteorologists predicting significant impacts due to its size and strength. The anticipation and preparedness for Hagibis underscore the importance of early warning systems in mitigating the effects of such natural disasters.

Landfall and Impact

Making landfall on the Izu Peninsula on October 12 , Hagibis brought with it unprecedented rainfall , leading to widespread flooding , landslides , and considerable infrastructural damage . The severity of Hagibis at landfall demonstrated the destructive potential of tropical cyclones, especially in densely populated regions.

The aftermath of Hagibis was marked by a significant loss of life , with over 80 fatalities reported. The storm’s impact extended beyond immediate physical damage, affecting millions through displacement , power outages , and disrupted transportation networks . The recovery and rebuilding efforts in the wake of Hagibis underscored the resilience of the affected communities and the critical role of efficient disaster response and recovery strategies.

Conclusion/Summary

Tropical Cyclone Hagibis serves as a stark reminder of the destructive power of tropical cyclones and the critical need for comprehensive understanding, preparedness, and mitigation strategies. While natural disasters cannot be entirely prevented, improved preparedness, efficient early warning systems, and community education can significantly mitigate their impacts. Furthermore, addressing global warming’s role in the increasing severity and frequency of tropical cyclones is imperative for safeguarding vulnerable communities in the future.

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Tropical Cyclone Nivar - Geography Grade 12 Research Task

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136 Clever Geography Research Topics

Do you need clever geography research topics for research? We understand that selecting the right topic is essential to having a project that delivers on your academic goals. Check out these 136 excellent research topics in geography.

What Is Geography?

Geography studies places and the connection between humans and their environments. Geographers study both the earth’s physical properties and the humans that interact with them.

They also explore how man’s culture impacts natural and built environments and how the environment affects humans. Geographers want to explore the origin of things, why they’re in such areas, and how they change with time. There are several fields in Geography:

• Physical Geography Physical geography studies the planet’s seasons, atmospheres, soils, and climates. It also explores various oceans, landforms, and water bodies. Physical geography addresses the natural processes that relate to the earth. It studies subjects like the biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, etc. Various sub-fields in Physical geography include hydrology, climatology, meteorology, and oceanology.
• Cultural geography
• Time geography
• Historical geography
• Health geography
• Political geography
• Transportation geography
• Social geography
• Regional geography
• Animal geography.
• Integrated Geography This branch of geography finds the relationship between the earth and people. It exploits subject like the big bang, and other aspects of human evolution till date.Integrated geography also studies how humans have used up the Earth’s resources to build its environment. Integrated geography studies topics like disasters, remote sensors and other technological resources.
• Cartography Cartography creates maps and displays correct information about them. It involves graphic and artistic information on human populations. Interested students in this field of study must have a creative mind that accurately adapts to locations and other details. Additionally, spatial data of maps can help in studying environmental changes.

How To Write An Excellent Geography Essay

You don’t need to be an excellent student or scholar to write a good geography essay, just try to follow these tips:

• Shortlist some useful geography research topics In selecting a topic, you need to shortlist some geography topics that fall within the range of interesting topics for your project or task. Your shortlist could be in fields like population geography, social geography, or other fields of geography. With these shortlisted topics, selecting the perfect topic becomes much easier.
• Select a topic The first step to writing an excellent research paper in Geography is selecting a suitable topic. Your topic should be one you find interesting to write your research project, thesis, dissertation, or assignments. Moreover, before concluding on a topic, ensure your tutor or lecturer approves of your choice before going ahead in the research. Whether you’re in college, high school, or college, your choice of an ideal and suitable topic is vital. Remember to listen to your tutor’s advice as that can help reduce your challenges in finding a suitable title.
• Research and Create a Draft Your research paper has to be as detailed as you can make it. To achieve this, research different materials, books, or resources online in the early writing stages. By creating a good outline for yourself, you make it easier to fit all the various parts of your piece into your research paper.
• Search for Previous Studies on Your Chosen Topic You often need support from different resources and support online when creating a draft. Here’s why you need to research similar projects and research papers written on your chosen topic area. Previewing past works in your chosen field can help you create your custom paper. However, you don’t need to plagiarize the other person’s work. Only refer to the task while paraphrasing the person’s ideas.
• Conclude your work Create your final paper. Edit and proofread to see that you added all necessary aspects. At this stage, you’re good to finish your paper. You can also check online for documentaries or films that can help to provide more details on the subject or interest.

Therefore, our professional writers always ready to write a research paper for you . Hire a true expert and get an A+! 

Interesting Geography Research Topics

Need some quality geography topics with the prospects of interesting the reader from start to finish? Check out the following interesting geography topics for your research.

• Impact of reforestation on reviving the environment
• What are the top causes of groundwater pollution?
• Exploring the peculiarities of extinct wildlife
• To what degree should sustainable feeding be adopted into everyday lives?
• What’s the effect of desert spreading on local wildlife populations?
• Managing water in various world regions
• Are world resources equally distributed?
• How humans can harness greenhouse gases?
• How recycling can best save Earth
• How today’s ecosystem manages natural disasters such as wildfires
• What’s the use of studying paleoecology?
• How the natural ecosystem manages seasonal changes in weather.

Engaging Topics In Geography

Are you interested in engaging topics in Geography? Here are some interesting options to choose from:

• How do volcanoes erupt?
• What’s the theory behind the formation of continents?
• What factors directly influence the growth of hyacinths in aquatic ecosystems?
• How to reduce hyacinth pollution in natural waters?
• Exploring the various vegetation forms
• Understanding the evolution of Homo sapiens
• What environmental conditions promote the growth of various vegetation types
• How early men lived
• What are the dangerous effects of acid rain?
• How do fossil fuels affect climates?
• Influence of climate on the distribution of animals around the world
• What are the top impacts of deforestation?

Awesome Geographical Research Topics

You only need to look around and view all the amazing features of the Earth. Here are awesome geography research topics to expand your knowledge of the field.

• What factors lead to forest fires the most?
• How does energy conversation helps solve the challenge of climate change?
• Defining different climatic regions of the world
• How to reduce soil erosion
• What are the impacts of high humidity in an environment?
• Comparing sea breeze against the land breeze
• Exploring events that take place on mountains’ leeward sides
• Earthquake vs. landslide?
• How do tsunamis form?
• How do oceans serve as carbon sinks for greenhouse gases?
• Exploring how ice glaciers form
• What are the different stages of soil erosion?
• Stages of the water cycle.

Human Geography Research Topics

The following are fun human geography research topics to explore during your next research.

• What are the sub-disciplinary fields of human geography?
• What human events directly lead to climate change?
• What are the impacts of mining on built environments?
• What human activities directly lead to ozone depletion?
• Exploring the history of agriculture
• How fishing has affected human existence?
• How has farming affected weather patterns in history?
• What are the impacts of urban developments on natural resources?
• What’s the connection between cultural and human geography?
• Physical geography vs. Human geography
• What are the significant subject areas in human geography?
• Exploring the connection between business and urban geography.

Compelling Topics For Geography Research

Selecting the right topic for your geography research isn’t as challenging as you may have thought. Here are geography research topics that are compelling to readers interested in the field. But if you still have difficulties even with the suggested topics, you can always buy research paper online .

• How important is studying geography today?
• Exploring how landslides develop
• What are the various volcano types today?
• How climate change affects the environment?
• The ozone layer
• How stratospheric ozone depletion affects the earth?
• How acid rain forms?
• How were fossils discovered?
• The carbon cycle
• How trees lead to rainfall
• What are the various effects of volcanoes on soil quality
• What are the various layers of planet Earth?

Excellent Cultural Geography Research Topics

Culture can be diverse across countries, continents, and races. Here are excellent cultural geography research topics.

• Physical geography vs. Cultural geography
• How is cultural geography a part of human geography?
• How important is the study of cultural geography today?
• What is the influence of humans on various activities of natural environments?
• The connection between cultural activities and urbanization?
• What are the relationships between cultural landscapes and communication?
• Culture in modern human geography
• Cultural ecology and history
• What’s the role of cultural geography in creating contemporary society?
• How to counter-map resources in the community
• The medical treatment of groundwater to prevent incrustation
• How remote sensing and GIS can help studies on natural water habitats?
• Why construct geographical models?
• Why climatology?

Physical Geography Research Topics

With the abundance of geographical features in the environment, you have many physical geography research topic options to choose from. Let’s see some clever physical geography research topics.

• Exploring the need for geospatial science in the 21st century
• Why modeling is important today?
• Activities that can lead to a sustainable and adaptable global climate
• Exploring fisheries management
• Understanding ecology
• What roles does man play in contributing to global warming?
• Exploring global warming
• Understanding how pesticides and wastes cause soil contamination
• How do carbon dioxide concentrations impact the environment?
• Impact of climate change on farming produce?
• The connection between mangrove plants and marine habitats
• What’s the geographical implication of water scarcity?
• What’s the impact of nuclear power on the environment?

Excellent Topics For Research In Environmental Geography

Do you need environmental geography research topics? Here are helpful options to select from.

• How coral reef destruction affects the Earth
• Making a case for a potential new global ecosystem
• How ocean acidification affects humans
• How hybrid vehicles can help to reduce atmospheric pollution
• How crucial are small water resources in the environment?
• What are the myths about soil pollution and contamination?
• How important are trees to the natural ecosystem?
• How crucial are bees to the global ecosystem?
• How light affects aquariums and water bodies
• How important crustaceans are in natural environments
• Understanding sewage treatment
• Major energy resources on the planet
• Species dispersal and migration.

Geography Research Topics On Global Issues

Whether you are looking for Ph.D. research topics in geography for your doctorate degree or paper topics for your college studies, current global issues will always come up. The following research topics are helpful for global issues in geography.

• Explore the concept of the greenhouse effect
• What are the effects of water pollution?
• How do plastics in water bodies affect aquatic organisms?
• What are the impacts of urbanization in the 21st century?
• Why should we care for forests?
• Understanding air pollution
• How to develop renewable energy?
• What are the effects of climate change on animals?
• How to properly dispose or recycle plastics?
• Environmental management issues.

Geography Research Topics For A Tight Deadline

Researching the following geography research topics is straightforward because there are many sources online with materials to guide your research.

• The major impacts of gully erosion on natural environments
• How global warming affects the planet
• How airlines affect the natural environments
• How traffic congestion impacts built environments
• How effective is America’s electoral voting system?
• What’s the impact of ocean water acidification on marine ecosystems?
• Major world drainage basins
• How erosion and transportation affect the environment?
• The erosion cycle
• What causes landslides globally
• What are the latest trends in the field of geography?
• How does weather forecasting shape modern geography?
• Physical geography vs Biological oceanography
• Understanding global biodiversity
• Understanding the basics of Darwin’s evolution theory.

Writing Help For Your Saviour

Geography is a diverse field, and selecting the right topic is vital for getting the best marks. Selecting a potentially challenging topic could eventually breed regrets. However, with the over 130 good geography research topics here, writing a captivating high school or college geography research paper is easy today. After choosing your preferred topic, the next thing to do is conduct detailed research on your paper. Meanwhile, you don’t lack the resources to conduct your adequate research with the help of the Internet and you. However, we understand that writing an excellent, engaging paper could be challenging. That’s why we offer affordable custom research paper service to students 24/7. Are you searching for some paper help? We’re here to help you! Ours is a team of experts and seasoned writers. If you need help writing an impressive paper urgently, feel free to contact our affordable services. We always produce custom, secure and fast professional work to ensure your school class tutor awards you top marks.

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How to Learn Geography

Last Updated: December 29, 2022 Fact Checked

wikiHow is a “wiki,” similar to Wikipedia, which means that many of our articles are co-written by multiple authors. To create this article, 9 people, some anonymous, worked to edit and improve it over time. This article has been fact-checked, ensuring the accuracy of any cited facts and confirming the authority of its sources. This article has been viewed 98,362 times. Learn more...

Learning geography can be a daunting task. Geography is such a broad subject that involves many different areas, and memorizing names of places without much context can seem tedious and difficult. However, mastering geography can give you a rich sense of accomplishment and help you know much more about the world that you live in. You may even find that you have a passion for traveling and learning about new cultures as a result of your study of geography!

Getting Started

• Ask yourself what you hope to achieve by learning geography, and let the answer to that question help guide your scope and approach.
• For example, if you plan to backpack across Europe, you will want to focus on the region through which you are traveling and learn the culture, currency, and perhaps languages of each area.

• Learn every road in my town
• Learn all the major roads in my metropolitan area
• Learn all of the cities or counties in my state
• Learn all of the states and their capitals and governors
• Learn all of the countries in the world
• Learn all of the continents and oceans and the most populous countries
• Learn all of the English-speaking countries
• Learn all of the regions in Europe

• If you select an “inside out” approach, begin by learning about your city or county. Then learn about the surrounding counties, then the state as a whole. Then learn about the bordering states, then the states that boarder those. Learn about all of the states, then the bordering countries. Keep expanding outward until you have a working knowledge of the geography of the world.
• If you select a “broad to specific” approach, start by learning the continents and oceans. Then learn the countries. Then learn the capitals of each country. Then learn the major cities or regions in each country. Then learn the leaders of each country. Continue until you have the level of knowledge that you set out to learn. You may want to work on one continent at a time each time you move to a new level of specificity.

• You may want to find and print copies of blank maps. Copying the names of states, countries, or cities down on a blank map is a good way to learn them, and you can use blank maps to quiz yourself as well.
• Be sure to cite your maps properly. For example, check out the wikiHow How to Cite Google Maps if you're relying on this source.

Deepening Your Knowledge

• Try to make your study more interactive by “experiencing” the culture of a place. For example, you may find videos of a dance or music style unique to the region you’re studying.
• You could also treat yourself by cooking a recipe from each area you study to put yourself in the culinary shoes of the local population. [4] X Research source

• For example, if you’re trying to learn about the most populous cities in your state, try to visit each city. Traveling from one to another will give you a sense of the distance between each city as well as the key features of each city.

Testing Your Memory

• Try searching online for “blank map of [place].” For example, you may search for “blank map of Africa.”
• Use pencil while filling out the map so that you can erase and make changes. Additionally, you could reuse the map to quiz yourself again if you erase everything cleanly.

• Make a bet with a friend who is also learning geography about who can fill out a blank map of an area faster. The loser buys the other person dinner.
• Make a fake passport, and every time you feel that you have mastered details about a country, give yourself a “stamp” from that country.
• Play an online geography trivia game.
• Play trivia that includes a geography category. Many bars and restaurants have regular trivia nights, and you can use these as an opportunity to flex your geography “muscles.” You might even win money or a gift certificate that could pay for your meal!

• If the program you are using gives you a score, keep trying to improve your score each time you use the program.

Expert Q&A

You might also like.

• ↑ http://larrysanger.org/2011/09/what-is-the-best-way-to-teach-geography/
• ↑ http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/12/04/all-over-the-map-10-ways-to-teach-about-geography/?_r=0
• ↑ https://stacker.com/food-drink/signature-dishes-50-countries-around-world
• ↑ http://alldonemonkey.com/2013/06/06/top-10-way-to-learn-through-outings-schools-out-a-top-ten-series-from-kbn/
• ↑ http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/9625_022813Ch4.pdf
• ↑ https://www.superteacherworksheets.com/maps.html

About This Article

To learn geography, start by studying maps of the country, continent, or region you want to learn about. You can also use apps and software to help you memorize geographical information. Next, print out blank maps of the area and try to fill them out without referencing your study materials to test your memory. To make the process more fun, check out online geography games and play them by yourself or with friends! To learn about the different approaches you can use for absorbing geographical information, read on! Did this summary help you? Yes No

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