phd aerospace engineer salary

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Best Doctorates in Aerospace Engineering: Top PhD Programs, Career Paths, and Salaries

Graduates with a PhD in Aerospace Engineering can become leaders in the aerospace design field. This advanced degree is one of the highest academic achievements you can get and a great choice for anyone with a deep interest in aircraft and spacecraft design, dynamics, and development. An aerospace engineering PhD opens the door to high-level, lucrative engineering jobs and to opportunities to enter the field of academia as a professor.

Our guide covers the best PhDs in Aerospace Engineering and the best aerospace engineering jobs. We’ve included a few online degree options for those who wish to earn their degree while working full-time. We’ll end with what you can expect from a PhD in Aerospace Engineering salary and job outlooks in the field.

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What is a phd in aerospace engineering.

A PhD in Aerospace Engineering is the highest academic qualification in the field of aerospace design. Aeronautical engineering and astronautical engineering are the two main branches of aerospace engineering, the former involving aircraft that function within Earth’s atmosphere and the latter involving aircraft outside Earth’s atmosphere.

Maintenance engineers, aircraft developers, and spaceship developers are just a few of the career options open to those with an aerospace engineering PhD. Similar fields of study include robotics, automotive engineering, and mechatronics.

How to Get Into an Aerospace Engineering PhD Program: Admission Requirements

The admission requirements for a PhD in Aerospace Engineering are typically a four-year undergraduate degree or, in some cases, a master’s degree. The bachelor’s degree can be in any engineering field with core subjects related to aerospace engineering.

Other typical requirements for admission into this degree program include the submission of academic transcripts, scores from standardized tests like the GRE/GMAT, a letter of recommendation, a thoroughly updated resume, and a personal statement to indicate your dedication. Having a strong research background and articles published in scientific journals may also be required.

PhD in Aerospace Engineering Admission Requirements

• A bachelor’s or master’s degree and an engineering background
• Copies of academic transcripts and published articles (if any)
• Letters of recommendation
• A statement of purpose or personal statement
• A comprehensive resume or curriculum vitae

Aerospace Engineering PhD Acceptance Rates: How Hard Is It to Get Into a PhD Program in Aerospace Engineering?

It is very hard to get into a PhD program in aerospace engineering because it is one of the toughest engineering degrees. Do you know the saying, “It isn’t rocket science”? Well, this literally is rocket science. You need to have a solid understanding of the fundamentals of engineering and mathematical concepts in order to excel in this field.

The acceptance rates for aerospace engineering PhD programs at the top universities are quite low. For example, the California Institute of Technology’s aerospace engineering PhD program has an acceptance rate of about 9 percent . However, this school’s particular engineering graduate program has been singled out as the most selective in the nation. There are other programs that are less challenging to get into if you are motivated and prepared.

How to Get Into the Best Universities

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Best PhDs in Aerospace Engineering: In Brief

Best Universities for Aerospace Engineering PhDs: Where to Get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering

The best universities for aerospace engineering PhDs include Massachusetts Institute of Technology, California Institute of Technology, and Stanford University. If you are wondering where to get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering, we’ll take a detailed look at some of the top institutes in the US.

We’ve researched the admissions process requirements, academic coursework, and required semester hours or credits and listed them in the section below to make sure that qualified students can easily get a PhD and start working in the aerospace engineering field. Read on for more information.

The California Institute of Technology , also known as Caltech, is a private research university in Pasadena, California, that was founded in 1891. The university excels in science and engineering and is one of the world's top, most selective universities. It has six different academic divisions but its main emphasis is on the fields of science and engineering.

PhD in Aeronautics or Space Engineering

Students admitted into this PhD program must complete first-year coursework that is the same as the first year of the master's degree program. Then they must select a research advisor and pass a qualifying exam. 

The qualifying exam determines the student’s readiness to tackle the challenges that are a major characteristic of PhD-level research. Prior to graduating, students will need to host a seminar presenting the outcomes of their thesis study.

PhD in Aeronautics or Space Engineering Overview

• Program Length: Approximately 4-5 years
• Acceptance Rate: 9%
• Tuition and Fees: $58,467/year
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Assistantships, external fellowships, institute fellowships, loans, stipends

PhD in Aeronautics or Space Engineering Admission Requirements

• Bachelor’s degree
• 3 letters of recommendation
• Academic transcripts
• A resume or CV
• A statement of purpose

The Georgia Institute of Technology , more commonly known as Georgia Tech, has evolved a lot since its inception in 1885. The PhD in Aerospace Engineering program at Georgia Tech is renowned for its academic and research excellence. It is widely regarded as the most rigorous program in the school.

PhD in Aerospace Engineering

Aerodynamics, Fluid and Structural Mechanics, Material Behavior, Aeroelasticity and Structural Dynamics, Propulsion and Combustion, System Design and Optimization, and Flight Mechanics and control are among the specializations available to the students of this PhD program.

You must reach specific milestones within a set timeframe in order to successfully complete this PhD. These include a qualifying exam, a thesis proposal, and a successful research defense.

PhD in Aerospace Engineering Overview

• Program Length: 4-5 years
• Acceptance Rate: N/A
• Tuition and Fees: $14,064/year (full-time in state); $29,140/year (full-time out of state)
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Assistantships, fellowships, out-of-state tuition waivers, outside sponsorships, veterans services
• Bachelor’s degree in a related field 
• GRE/GMAT scores
• Relevant work experience

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is among the world’s most prestigious institutes of technology. It has created countless inventions, including pioneering high-speed photography and inventing a new kind of matter. 

At the institutional level, MIT provides significant support for multidisciplinary research throughout its multiple schools and departments.

PhD in Aeronautics and Astronautics

The mission of this program is to produce original research in the field of aerospace engineering and create new leaders in the field. Graduates of this program will be able to solve future problems in aerospace engineering through advanced analytical and reasoning skills and communicate their solutions effectively.

PhD in Aeronautics and Astronautics Overview

• Program Length: Not given
• Acceptance Rate: 6.7% (graduate school)
• Tuition and Fees: $28,795/year (in state); $1,440 for the first 3 semesters, plus $4,430/ subsequent semester (out of state)
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Research assistantships, aero/astro diversity fellowships, teaching assistantships, MIT-sponsored fellowships, external fellowships

PhD in Aeronautics and Astronautics Admission Requirements

• Online application for PhD study and application fee: $75
• Statement of objectives
• Transcripts
• English proficiency scores (international students)

Princeton University meets high standards for academic excellence and research opportunities across the board. Students pursuing a PhD in Engineering (such as the PhD in Mechanical Engineering or the PhD in Aerospace Engineering) from this institute benefit from exchange programs with other top colleges and universities across the globe.

PhD in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

The program educates researchers in engineering and applied sciences, preparing them for jobs in academia, industry, and government. It stresses foundational knowledge, deep knowledge, and outstanding communication abilities.

PhD in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Overview

• Program Length: 5 years
• Acceptance Rate: 11% (graduate school)
• Tuition: $56,010/year (in state)
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Research assistantships, instruction assistantships, departmental funds, external fellowships

PhD in Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Admission Requirements

• A statement of purpose and an updated resume/CV
• Recommendation letters 
• Academic transcripts from your graduate degree
• Statement of financial resources and the area of interest for research
• English language tests (international students)

Stanford University is located in Palo Alto, California. It is consistently listed among the world's finest institutions. It was founded in 1885 and currently serves more than 17,000 students. It follows high academic standards and offers a number of engineering programs.

Students enrolled in this PhD program receive a broad-based education in aeronautics and astronautics through coursework as well as rigorous research in a particular area that culminates in a doctoral thesis.

• Program Length: 4-6 years
• Tuition and Fees: $66,297/year (full time)
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Fellowships, research assistantships, training grants, teaching assistantships
• Bachelor’s or graduate degree and academic transcripts
• Online application and application fee
• Statement of purpose
• TOEFL scores (if applicable)

Texas A&M University (TAMU) is a land-grant university located in College Station, Texas. It is a public institute that was created in 1876. It serves as the flagship institution of the Texas A&M University System. As of fall 2021, TAMU had the largest student body in the United States. It is the only university in the state to be designated as a land, marine, and space grant institution concurrently.

This PhD program provides you with in-depth knowledge of your chosen topic of study, research methods, and engineering principles. For degree completion, research must be carried out successfully in one of the following areas: aerodynamics, propulsion, dynamics, materials, or systems, and human integration. Tuition rates are based on a 9-credit-per-semester rate. 

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• Tuition and Fees: $8,026/semester (in state); $17,553/semester (out of state)
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Graduate assistantships, research assistantships, teaching assistantships, academic excellence fellowship, Amelia Earhart Fellowships for Women
• Online application
• Bachelor’s or master’s degree
• Transcripts or grades from other institutions
• Internships or other work experience and published works (if any)
• TOEFL score, a statement of purpose, a resume, recommendation letters

With 15 interdisciplinary research institutes, the University of Colorado Boulder offers PhD students a variety of research options. The College of Engineering & Applied Science provides graduate degrees in eight fields of engineering and applied science. 

PhD in Aerospace Engineering Sciences

CU Boulder offers a varied range of opportunities for interdisciplinary research, ranging from space systems and control theory to biotechnology. Numerous collaborative research centers are available for students pursuing a PhD in Aerospace Engineering Sciences to collaborate with other students and researchers. While the acceptance rate for the entire university is 84 percent, there isn’t an available acceptance rate for this program specifically.

The school’s popular research centers include the Anschutz Medical Campus, the National Science Foundation's Industry-University Cooperative Research Program, and the Colorado Renewable Energy Collaboratory.

PhD in Aerospace Engineering Sciences Overview

• Tuition and Fees: $17,068/year (in state); $35,824/year (out of state)
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Graduate student assistantships, fellowships and grants, student employment

PhD in Aerospace Engineering Sciences Admission Requirements

• A bachelor’s degree
• A graduate faculty advisor
• Courses taken in calculus, linear algebra, and differential equations at the undergraduate level
• 2 semesters of calculus-based physics and engineering

The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign is a land-grant research public university in Champaign and Urbana, Illinois. It is the system's flagship institution, having been founded in 1867.

This institute currently enrolls about 56,000 undergraduate and graduate students, making it one of the largest public colleges in the country.

The Department of Aerospace Engineering at this institute is a world leader in aerospace research and engineering. It is committed to excellence and leadership in teaching, research, and service through internationally renowned staff and state-of-the-art research facilities.

• Acceptance Rate: 37% (college of engineering)
• Tuition: $18,256/year (in state); $34,762/year (out of state)
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Internal and external fellowships, research and teaching assistantships, graduate awards
• GPA of at least 3.0
• Letters of recommendation, transcripts, certificate of declaration of finances
• Completed online application
• Paid application fee of $70 ($90 for international students)

The University of Michigan is a forward-thinking research university. It is a member of the prestigious Association of American Universities and has been designated an R1 institution. With such a strong research focus, the university's PhD in Aerospace Engineering program provides ample opportunities for multidisciplinary research.

Michigan’s aerospace engineering program is the nation's oldest and most highly ranked collegiate aeronautics program. The graduate studies cover fundamental and contemporary aerospace themes, as well as a graduate seminar led by leading academics. 

• Acceptance Rate: 10% 
• Tuition and Fees: $25,230.38/year (in state); $50,646.38/year (out of state)
• PhD Funding Opportunities: All PhD applicants accepted receive full funding for at least 5 years; students are encouraged to pursue outside fellowships from NSF, DoD, NASA, or DoE.
• A Master’s Degree in Engineering is not required but a background in engineering and math is
• Statement of purpose and resume/CV

The University of Texas at Austin is the oldest institution in the University of Texas System, having been founded in 1883. It is also the largest institution in the system, with over 50,000 undergraduate and graduate students and over 24,000 faculty and staff.

This aerospace engineering graduate program is ranked 10th nationwide, and its students work with world-class faculty. Alumni have gone on to become astronauts, administrators, and pioneers in the area of aeronautical engineering.

• Tuition and Fees: $8,684 to $10,848/year (in state); $17,312 to $19,786/year (out of state)
• PhD Funding Opportunities: Research assistantships, teaching assistantships, fellowships
• Bachelor’s or Master’s Degree in Aerospace Engineering or any related engineering degree from an accredited university
• Minimum 3.0 GPA in graduate-level work
• Reference letters

Can You Get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering Online?

Yes, you can get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering online. An online program will provide flexibility and convenience for you, which is especially helpful if you wish to pursue your PhD with fewer compromises to your work and personal life.

Best Online PhD Programs in Aerospace Engineering

How Long Does It Take to Get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering?

It takes about four to five years to get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering, which is the lengthiest timeframe for a degree. The main reason it takes so long to complete these engineering degree programs is that it requires original and authentic research, which takes time and dedication to produce.

The process will train you to be a researcher who can make innovative discoveries. You will first complete advanced courses for the program, then conduct research using professional research techniques, and lastly write a professional and publishable dissertation, which for aerospace engineering can be book-length.

Is a PhD in Aerospace Engineering Hard?

Yes, a PhD in Aerospace Engineering is hard. An aerospace engineer must have a deep understanding of engineering science and technology. The design and construction of aircraft and spacecraft necessitates extensive knowledge of mathematics, encompassing principles like geometry, calculus, and statistics.

When it comes to design and testing, you will need a solid understanding of computers and electronic components. You must also possess a great deal of focus and dedication to complete your research and write your thesis. Strong communication skills come into play in writing articles for publication and defending your thesis.

How Much Does It Cost to Get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering?

It costs about $19,792 per year to get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering, according to the latest data from the National Center for Education Statistics. This cost applies to all public and private postsecondary degree-awarding institutions. The average annual tuition for a PhD in Aerospace Engineering from a public institution is $12,410 per year, while the same degree from a private institution costs comparatively more per year, around $26,597.

Most doctoral programs, including those in aerospace engineering, provide ample funding opportunities to subsidize your studies. They include assistantships, fellowships, and external grants, which can sometimes cover the entire cost of your degree.

How to Pay for a PhD in Aerospace Engineering: PhD Funding Options

The PhD funding options that students can use to pay for a PhD in Aerospace Engineering include research assistantships, teaching assistantships, university fellowships, government fellowships, tuition waivers, performance allowances, external grants, and scholarships.

PhD students in the US are generally discouraged from engaging in external employment while pursuing their degree. This is because most schools provide work and research opportunities to help students pay for their degrees. Some schools even offer full coverage of expenses to students accepted into their program.

Some schools offering a PhD in Aerospace Engineering are funded by government agencies or private companies to make sure they produce quality research. This can attract the attention of top-performing students and draw them to these schools.

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What Is the Difference Between an Aerospace Engineering Master’s Degree and PhD?

The difference between an aerospace engineering master’s degree and a PhD is the amount of time spent in class versus the time spent researching. A master’s degree provides further specialization in aerospace engineering through relevant classes and hands-on experience.

A doctoral candidate spends only a small portion of time in class and a large portion of time conducting independent research. Typically, a PhD program teaches you how to conduct your own independent research and how to publish your findings and present them to an audience.

Master’s vs PhD in Aerospace Engineering Job Outlook

According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), jobs for aerospace engineering graduates are expected to grow by 8 percent in this decade. This applies to entry-level jobs available for those who possess a bachelor’s degree.

In general, the higher your level of education, the more job opportunities will be open to you. For managerial positions like aerospace engineering managers or instructors, which come with an average salary of $152,350 and an expected job growth of four percent according to BLS, having an advanced degree will help you stand out among candidates. A PhD also prepares you to be a postsecondary teacher, which BLS shows has a 12 percent job growth rate in coming years .

Difference in Salary for Aerospace Engineering Master’s vs PhD

There is a considerable difference in salaries for master’s degree holders and PhD holders in the field of aerospace engineering. The average salary for someone with a Master’s Degree in Aerospace Engineering is about $91,000, according to PayScale. With this degree, you can work as an aerospace engineer, mechanical engineer, research scientist, research engineer, or senior systems engineer with small variations in annual salary.

On the other hand, the average salary for a PhD holder in aerospace engineering is about $111,000, according to PayScale. Many of the same jobs are available to these engineering professionals but with higher starting salaries. With an average difference in pay of $20,000 per year, earning a PhD in Aerospace Engineering should be high on your list of career goals as it can make a big difference in your day-to-day life.

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Why You Should Get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering

You should get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering if you want to be among the most highly skilled and highly paid engineers in this field. A doctorate in engineering qualifies you to teach at the college or university level. Research and development in a variety of engineering disciplines, as well as managerial jobs, are further great career options.

If you are involved in research and development in the aerospace industry, getting a PhD will place you on a much higher level in your work due to the advanced research and development skills gained in earning your degree. Courses are taught by experienced aerospace and aeronautical engineers and industry leaders in the aerospace industry and aviation industry, so you’ll have plenty of opportunities to learn from them and sharpen your research skills.

There are sectors both inside and outside the aerospace industry where a PhD is considered almost essential for solving complex problems. Having a PhD will help increase your authority and give your peers and superiors more confidence in your work.

Reasons for Getting a PhD in Aerospace Engineering

• Higher salaries. Following this program of study and getting a PhD in Aerospace Engineering results in higher salaries for the same job as compared to having a master’s or bachelor’s degree.
• Funding for research projects. The authority and experience that comes with a doctoral degree vastly increases your chances of winning various government-funded and privately funded research projects. This can help you become a leader and innovator in the field.
• Robust academic career. Many aerospace engineering students who pursue a doctoral degree intend to make a career in academia rather than in the industry. You can publish research papers and grow as a respected researcher in this field.
• More career options overall. In addition to research opportunities, PhD holders in this field have more job options overall. These are usually higher-ranked positions. You are also eligible to become a postsecondary teacher of engineering subjects at colleges and universities.

Getting a PhD in Aerospace Engineering: Aerospace Engineering PhD Coursework

While pursuing a PhD in Aerospace Engineering, you have the opportunity to perform research in the fields of aerospace structures and propulsion as well as aerodynamic systems. As soon as you complete the graduate admissions process, you’ll need to put your previous academic background to good use because doctoral courses require a massive amount of both knowledge and research.

You will be required to complete a specific number of minimum credit hours in your graduate-level coursework on topics such as the fundamentals of fluid mechanics, aerospace engineering design, and advanced computational aerodynamics. Below are examples of the types of courses you can expect during your formal coursework.

Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics

This fluid mechanics course typically spans everything from air reentry at hypersonic speeds to particle transport and biofluid flow. Classes like this one provide opportunities for students to learn the wide range of experimental, computational, and theoretical approaches that are used to solve issues with fluid dynamics and mechanics.

Aerospace Engineering Design

This graduate study course deals with aeronautics , astronautics, and design concepts that address the essential principles and methodologies of aerospace engineering. The course promotes active learning by making use of exploration technologies.

Advanced Computational Aerodynamics

This course helps you understand and make sense of flow physics and numerical methods to identify and create solution algorithms for ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and partial differential equations (PDEs). It also helps you with the ability to pick and design solution algorithms for flight dynamics that can be described as vicious, inviscid, compressible, or incompressible.

Spacecraft Optimal Estimation

This course teaches conventional and new estimate techniques and links them to modern dynamic systems encountered in aeronautical specialties. It emphasizes the mathematical thinking and modeling of physical problems. The course applies to both spacecraft and aircraft systems.

Computational Multibody Dynamics

In this course, you will study the theoretical, numerical, and methodological foundations that will allow you to build your first model-based designs (MBDs) before you proceed to more complicated ones.

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How to Get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering: Doctoral Program Requirements

Getting a doctoral degree in aerospace engineering involves having a solid background in the fundamentals of aerospace engineering, represented by a bachelor’s or master’s degree in the field. This knowledge is assessed by a preliminary exam.

A PhD dissertation must also be completed and defended, requiring you to demonstrate your ability to investigate and provide a solution for an original research problem. Below is a more thorough list of the steps that are required to complete all doctoral program requirements. We’ve done the research for you on how to get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering, so read on to find out more.

Doctoral students must complete the coursework required for the degree within the first academic year. While doing so, they must maintain at least a 3.0 GPA, which could vary for different universities.

The credits required for a PhD can vary based on a number of different factors, but generally you need a minimum of 48 credits for this degree. Most of your time will be spent conducting research rather than sitting in a classroom.

Before taking the PhD candidacy qualification examination, you must complete three semesters of research under the guidance of a faculty advisor. In order to do this, you first need to present a dissertation proposal by the end of the third semester to formally start the proceedings for your dissertation research work.

In most cases, there is a requirement for scientific publication in reputed journals with a good impact factor to produce a high-quality dissertation thesis in an aerospace engineering PhD degree program.

Via the qualification exam, you will have the opportunity to demonstrate your mastery of the principles of your chosen discipline, your capacity to conduct original research, and your ability to successfully convey your findings to a broad audience. 

Overall, the qualification examination encourages you to consolidate the knowledge and skills you have gained throughout the program. It is the responsibility of the department to determine whether you have met the degree standards and qualify for the doctoral degree in engineering. 

Many universities measure the performance of each student during the research and coursework phases by conducting annual reviews. These reviews are done by the PhD advisory faculty committees, the school of aerospace engineering, and the personal advisor or supervisor.

If a candidate fails to meet the minimum requirements of the annual review, there is a chance of cancellation of the degree by the school. 

The PhD program concludes with the completion of an original dissertation on a research topic chosen by the student and its defense in front of the dissertation committee as a final public oral examination. The dissertation requirements include providing substantial and unique contributions to the development of knowledge in any sub-field related to aerospace engineering.

Potential Careers With an Aerospace Engineering Degree

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PhD in Aerospace Engineering Salary and Job Outlook

The PhD in Aerospace Engineering salary and job outlook is reasonably high, between four and 12 percent with most jobs. With a PhD in Aerospace Engineering, you will be among the most sought-after candidates in a wide range of engineering professions. You can either become an engineering professor in a university or college or work in the research and development sector of a company.

What Can You Do With a PhD in Aerospace Engineering?

With a PhD in Aerospace Engineering, you can have a successful career as a post-secondary engineering teacher, an aerospace engineer, an industrial engineer, a mechanical engineer, or a senior research officer. You can have a rewarding career in many leadership positions in academic- or industry-related jobs.

Best Jobs with a PhD in Aerospace Engineering

• Post-secondary engineering teacher
• Aerospace engineer
• Industrial engineer
• Mechanical engineer
• Senior research officer

What Is the Average Salary for a PhD in Aerospace Engineering?

The average salary for a PhD in Aerospace Engineering is about $112,000 , according to the data collected by PayScale. A PhD holder earns the most among people with educational and professional backgrounds in aerospace engineering.The average fluctuates slightly according to the actual job, so read on for more information.

Highest-Paying Aerospace Engineering Jobs for PhD Grads

Best Aerospace Engineering Jobs with a Doctorate

The best aerospace engineering jobs with a doctorate include aerospace engineer, mechanical engineer, industrial engineer, materials engineer, and architectural and engineering manager. These are all among the highest-paid jobs in the country with a good job outlook.

Architectural and engineering managers are responsible for the planning, direction, and coordination of activities within architectural and engineering firms. They are most often seen working in offices, but they can also be found in research labs and manufacturing units.

• Salary with an Aerospace Engineering PhD: $152,350
• Job Outlook: 4% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 197,800
• Highest-Paying States: California, Colorado, New Mexico, New Jersey, Texas

Aerospace engineers are engaged in industries where employees design or construct aircraft, missiles, systems for national security, or spacecraft, among other things. They are largely engaged in the sectors of manufacturing, analysis and design, research and development, and the federal government.

• Salary with an Aerospace Engineering PhD: $122,270
• Job Outlook: 8% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 61,400
• Highest-Paying States: Nebraska, Colorado, Arizona, Washington DC, California

Materials engineers manufacture, process, and test materials for a variety of uses. Materials engineers usually operate in offices with computers and design tools. Others work in research and development labs. Materials engineers are normally employed full-time, with the possibility of working overtime hours when necessary.

• Salary with an Aerospace Engineering PhD: $98,300
• Number of Jobs: 25,100
• Highest-Paying States: Washington, Alaska, Maryland, Texas, California

Aerospace engineering graduates may choose to work in the field of mechanical engineering . These engineers are responsible for the design, development, construction, and testing of mechanical and thermal machines and devices. They may visit work sites occasionally to address a problem or a piece of equipment that requires their personal attention.

• Salary with an Aerospace Engineering PhD: $95,300
• Job Outlook: 7% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 299,200
• Highest-Paying States: New Mexico, Louisiana, Washington DC, California, Alaska

The goal of industrial engineers is to design efficient systems that integrate employees, machines, materials, information, and energy in order to manufacture a product or offer a service to the public. The best companies for industrial engineers are those that allow them to work in the environments they are seeking to change. For example, they may be found at an office looking at data collected by others or themselves, seeking to solve the errors in it.

• Job Outlook: 14% job growth from 2020 to 2030
• Number of Jobs: 292,000
• Highest-Paying States: Alaska, Washington, California, Louisiana, New Mexico

Is a PhD in Aerospace Engineering Worth It?

Yes, a PhD in Aerospace Engineering is worth it. The salaries and job outlooks in this field are strong, especially with the private sector’s entrance into space exploration through companies like Space Exploration Technologies Corp (SpaceX).

If you want to learn how to solve unique problems in science and engineering, pursuing a PhD in Aerospace Engineering may be a more worthwhile investment of your time. You will have the exciting opportunity to use your sharp scientific skills to make innovative research discoveries and become a leader in the field.

If you wish to work in academia as a professor, obtaining a PhD is almost always required. This is because having a PhD gives you authority in your field.

Additional Reading About Aerospace Engineering

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PhD in Aerospace Engineering FAQ

According to US News , the best university for a PhD in Aerospace Engineering is the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Caltech gets second place. They are both included in our list, which is based on key factors like tuition, quality of research and innovation in the aerospace field, laboratory facilities, and available funding for prospective students like PhD candidates.

Some universities do require GRE scores for admission into their PhD program in aerospace engineering. However, due to COVID-19 and its repercussions, most universities have waived the requirement.

Yes, aerospace engineers make good money. According to BLS, aerospace engineers earn on average $122,270 per year. The lowest 10 percent of aerospace engineers made less than $77,440, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $168,370. Aerospace engineers can get employed by major aerospace tech companies such as Boeing, Lockheed Martin, and SpaceX.

No, you cannot get a PhD in Aerospace Engineering for free. However, with funding opportunities like assistantships and fellowships, you can make getting your PhD quite affordable. Some programs even cover all of your costs with funding.

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Aerospace Engineer I Salary in the United States

Aerospace engineer i salary.

How much does an Aerospace Engineer I make in the United States? The average Aerospace Engineer I salary in the United States is $84,875 as of July 29, 2024, but the range typically falls between $78,171 and $91,017 . Salary ranges can vary widely depending on many important factors, including education , certifications, additional skills, the number of years you have spent in your profession. With more online, real-time compensation data than any other website, Salary.com helps you determine your exact pay target. 

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What skills does an Aerospace Engineer I need?

Each competency has five to ten behavioral assertions that can be observed, each with a corresponding performance level (from one to five) that is required for a particular job.

Analysis: Analysis is the process of considering something carefully or using statistical methods in order to understand it or explain it.

Technical Support: Offering hands-on assistance and solutions to end-users in addressing and troubleshooting technical issues.

Software Development: Software development is the process of conceiving, specifying, designing, programming, documenting, testing, and bug fixing involved in creating and maintaining applications, frameworks, or other software components. Software development is a process of writing and maintaining the source code, but in a broader sense, it includes all that is involved between the conception of the desired software through to the final manifestation of the software, sometimes in a planned and structured process. Therefore, software development may include research, new development, prototyping, modification, reuse, re-engineering, maintenance, or any other activities that result in software products. Software can be developed for a variety of purposes, the three most common being to meet specific needs of a specific client/business (the case with custom software), to meet a perceived need of some set of potential users (the case with commercial and open source software), or for personal use (e.g. a scientist may write software to automate a mundane task). Embedded software development, that is, the development of embedded software, such as used for controlling consumer products, requires the development process to be integrated with the development of the controlled physical product. System software underlies applications and the programming process itself, and is often developed separately.

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Job Description for Aerospace Engineer I

Aerospace Engineer I researches and develops structural engineering specifications for aerospace products, parts, or associated operations to improve the efficiency and reliability of aerospace systems. Analyzes results of stress tests on various craft and missile parts to determine material durability and tolerances. Being an Aerospace Engineer I oversees flight tests of prototypes and analyzes resulting data to validate flight characteristics and identify necessary improvements. Conducts calculations and utilizes simulations to evaluate aerodynamics, structural integrity, propulsion efficiency, and the effect on fuel consumption of new or existing materials. Additionally, Aerospace Engineer I utilizes CAE, 3-D, and digital modeling to create detailed plans and specifications to support production. Assists quality assurance and purchasing teams with the evaluation of new or existing suppliers, products and materials, or technologies. Understands and complies with all federal regulatory requirements and specifications. Requires a bachelor's degree. Typically reports to a manager. The Aerospace Engineer I work is closely managed. Works on projects/matters of limited complexity in a support role. To be an Aerospace Engineer I typically requires 0-2 years of related experience. (Copyright 2024 Salary.com)... View full job description

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• PRINCIPAL ENGINEER – EMBEDDED CYBERSECURITY – GE AEROSPACE RESEARCH GE Aviation - , NY Job Description Summary. At GE Aerospace Research, our team develops advanced embedded systems technology for the future of flight. Our technology will ena... - 5 Days Ago
• CUSTOMER APPLICATIONS ENGINEER: MULTI-CORE TECHNOLOGIES FOR AEROSPACE GE Aviation - Grand Rapids, MI Job Description Summary. Working at GE Aerospace means you are bringing your unique perspective, innovative spirit, drive, and curiosity to a collaborative... - 3 Days Ago
• AEROSPACE CERAMIC COMPOSITES DESIGN - LEAD ENGINEER GE Aviation - Evendale, OH Job Description Summary. This role is within the Commercial Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) Mechanical Design team in GE Aerospace’s Engineering Division. T... - 3 Days Ago
• LEAD AEROSPACE ENGINEER, AST, FLIGHT SYSTEMS TEST National Aeronautics & Space Administration - Greenbelt, MD DutiesIdentifies, communicates, and distributes workload and tasks to the team, for example – assignments, test requirements, projects, problems to be solv... - 3 Days Ago

Career Path for Aerospace Engineer I

A career path is a sequence of jobs that leads to your short- and long-term career goals. Some follow a linear career path within one field, while others change fields periodically to achieve career or personal goals.

For Aerospace Engineer I, the first career path typically starts with an Aeronautical Engineer II position, and then Aeronautical Engineer IV.

The second career path typically progresses to Airport Engineer.

The third career path typically starts with an Aerospace Engineer II position, and then progresses to Aerospace Engineer IV.

Additionally, the fourth career path typically starts with an Engineer II position, and then progresses to Engineer IV.

What does an Aerospace Engineer I do?

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Aerospace Engineer I Pay Difference by Location

Aerospace Engineer I salary varies from city to city. Compared with national average salary of Aerospace Engineer I, the highest Aerospace Engineer I salary is in San Francisco, CA, where the Aerospace Engineer I salary is 25.0% above. The lowest Aerospace Engineer I salary is in Miami, FL, where the Aerospace Engineer I salary is 3.5% lower than national average salary.

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Level of Education for Aerospace Engineer I

Jobs with different levels of education may pay very differently. Check the Aerospace Engineer I salary of your education level.

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Aerospace Engineer I Salary by State

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Skills associated with Aerospace Engineer I: Engineering Design , Materials Testing , Applied Physics , Applied Mechanics ... More

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Jobs with a similar salary range to Aerospace Engineer I : Propulsion Technician , Aircraft Engineering , Space Engineer

Aerospace Engineer: Salary, Job Description and Outlook

Explore the world of aerospace engineering and discover the salary potential and career opportunities in this exciting field.

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From average earnings to factors affecting pay, this article guides you through what to expect as an aerospace engineer. Whether you're considering a career in aerospace or seeking to advance, we provide the insights you need for a successful journey in aerospace engineering.

Much like how flying unlocks new horizons, aerospace engineering unlocks the boundless potential of technology, pushing the boundaries of what's possible with each new advancement.

This article sheds light on what aerospace engineers earn, the factors influencing their salaries and the promising career outlook in this innovative field. Join us as we delve into the financial and professional rewards of pursuing a future in aerospace engineering, from the average salary to the exciting opportunities that lie ahead.

What Is an Aerospace Engineer?

Aerospace engineers are the architects of the skies, specializing in the intricate design, development and maintenance of a wide array of aerospace vehicles and systems. Their expertise extends across various technologies, including aircraft, spacecraft, satellites and more.

Armed with a profound grasp of physics, mathematics and engineering principles, these experts meticulously shape and fine-tune aerospace technologies, ensuring peak performance coupled with paramount safety.

Aerospace Engineer Salary

Aerospace engineers command competitive salaries reflective of their specialized skills and contributions to the field. According to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the median annual wage for aerospace engineers stands at $126,880 . This figure represents the midpoint, as the lowest 10% of earners in this profession take home less than $78,170 annually, while the highest 10% earn over $176,280 per year.

Within the field of aerospace engineering, professionals occupy various roles, each with its unique responsibilities and salary ranges. Let's go through some of these roles:

Thermodynamics Engineer

Thermodynamics engineers specialize in the study of heat and energy transfer within aerospace systems. They analyze and optimize the efficiency of propulsion systems and thermal management solutions. On average, thermodynamics engineers earn an annual pay of $115,864 , with salaries ranging from $38,000 to $191,500 per year.

Aeronautical Engineer

Aeronautical engineers focus on designing, developing and testing aircraft and related systems. They work to improve flight performance, aerodynamics and structural integrity. The average annual pay for aeronautical engineers is $130,258 , with salaries spanning from $49,000 to $205,000 per year.

Aircraft Design Engineer

Aircraft design engineers are tasked with creating and refining the overall design and layout of aircraft, ensuring aerodynamic efficiency, structural integrity and safety. These professionals earn an average annual pay of $152,999 , with salaries ranging from $120,000 to $176,000 per year.

Airframe Design Engineer

Airframe design engineers specialize in designing and optimizing the structural framework of aircraft, including wings, fuselage and empennage. They ensure that airframes meet performance, safety and regulatory requirements. On average, airframe design engineers earn $120,241 annually, with salaries ranging from $71,000 to $178,500 per year.

Spacecraft Systems Engineer

Spacecraft systems engineers are responsible for the design, integration and testing of spacecraft subsystems, such as propulsion, power and communication systems. They ensure the reliability and functionality of spacecraft in the harsh environment of space. The average annual pay for spacecraft systems engineers is $124,441 , with a salary range of $84,500 to $174,500 per year.

Propulsion Systems Engineer

Propulsion systems engineers specialize in the design, analysis and optimization of propulsion systems for aircraft and spacecraft. They develop engines and propulsion systems that provide thrust for flight and maneuverability. Propulsion systems engineers earn an average annual pay of $122,519 , with salaries ranging from $62,500 to $184,000 per year.

Flight Test Engineer

Flight test engineers are responsible for planning, executing and analyzing flight tests to evaluate the performance and safety of aerospace vehicles. They assess aircraft and spacecraft under various operating conditions to identify and address potential issues. On average, flight test engineers earn $134,885 annually, with salaries ranging between $43,500 and $204,000 per year.

Factors That Influence Salary

As mentioned, the salary of aerospace engineers varies widely, reflecting the diverse roles encompassed within the field, each offering different compensation levels. In addition to the roles, several other factors, including education, experience and geographic location, play significant roles in shaping the earning potential of aerospace engineers.

A strong educational foundation is crucial for aspiring aerospace engineers. Most professionals in the field hold at least a bachelor's in Aerospace Engineering , Mechanical Engineering or a related degree. These programs typically cover fundamental principles in aerodynamics, aircraft design, propulsion systems and materials science.

However, advanced degrees such as a master's in Space Studies or an Aerospace Sciences Ph.D. can provide deeper specialization and open doors to leadership roles or research positions. Continuing education through certifications and professional development courses also allows engineers to stay current with industry trends and technologies, potentially leading to higher-paying opportunities.

In most careers, including aerospace engineering, the more experience a person accumulates, the higher their earning potential. This is because experienced professionals typically possess a deeper understanding of their field, can take on more responsibilities and often contribute to more complex projects, all of which are highly valued by employers.

Therefore, as aerospace engineers gain practical experience through internships, co-op programs or entry-level positions, they develop valuable skills and knowledge, such as advanced problem-solving abilities, proficiency in industry-standard software and tools as well as the ability to effectively collaborate with multidisciplinary teams.

Certain regions with established aerospace industries offer abundant job prospects and competitive salaries to attract top talent. The top-paying states for aerospace engineers include:

Factors such as cost of living, demand for aerospace talent and industry concentration lead to such salary disparities across different locations.

Career Outlook for Aerospace Engineers

According to BLS, the job market outlook for aerospace engineers is promising, with a projected 6% growth from 2022 to 2032, outpacing the average for all occupations. This growth translates to approximately 3,800 annual openings for these professionals, driven by various factors.

It is noteworthy that initiatives to redesign aircraft with the aim of reducing noise pollution and improving fuel efficiency are expected to create a demand for aerospace engineers. Additionally, technological advancements have substantially reduced the cost of satellite launches, making space more accessible than ever before. This accessibility, combined with the increasing commercial viability of small satellites, is set to drive demand for aerospace engineers in the space sector.

Moreover, the BLS reports that the sustained interest in drones for applications such as forest fire detection has also contributed to the growth of employment opportunities for aerospace engineers. And lastly, the need to replace workers who are transferring to other occupations or retiring from the workforce is likely to create several job opportunities.

Advancing in Aerospace Engineering

Advancing in the field of aerospace engineering involves a combination of continued education, skill development and strategic career moves. Here are key steps to progress in this dynamic field:

• Continuous learning : Stay updated with the latest advancements in aerospace technology. Pursuing higher education, such as a master's degree or Ph.D., can provide deeper expertise and open doors to higher-level positions.
• Gaining practical experience : Hands-on experience is crucial. Working on diverse projects and accepting challenging assignments helps build a robust skill set.
• Specialization : Specializing in high-demand areas can set you apart and lead to more advanced roles.
• Professional networking : Building a strong professional network through industry conferences, professional associations and online forums can lead to career advancement opportunities.
• Certifications and skills development : Obtaining certifications from recognized aerospace bodies and keeping skills up-to-date with current industry software and tools can enhance your career prospects.
• Leadership and management skills : Developing strong leadership and project management skills is important for moving into higher roles, such as project manager or department head.
• Performance excellence : Consistently delivering high-quality work and contributing innovative solutions to complex engineering problems can lead to recognition and career advancement.

By focusing on these areas, aerospace engineers can strategically navigate their career paths toward advanced roles, ensuring both professional growth and increased earning potential.

All in all, aerospace engineering offers a unique blend of challenge, reward and excitement. With its diverse range of roles and excellent salaries, coupled with a promising job outlook, this field promises both personal fulfillment and professional growth.

Whether you're considering entering the field through our Aerospace Engineering bachelor's degree or advancing your career with our Aerospace Sciences Ph.D. program, your potential is limitless. Embark on your aerospace engineering journey with us and reach new heights in your career.

Is aerospace engineering a nine-to-five job? ( Open this section)

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, aerospace engineers typically work full-time and some may work more than 40 hours per week. This indicates that the nature of their work can often extend beyond standard working hours​​.

What benefits do aerospace engineers get? ( Open this section)

Benefits for aerospace engineers may include health insurance, retirement plans, paid time off and opportunities for professional development and advancement within the industry. However, the availability of these benefits depends on the employer.

Is aerospace engineering a difficult job? ( Open this section)

Aerospace engineering can be challenging due to the complex nature of designing and developing aircraft and spacecraft, requiring strong problem-solving skills, attention to detail and continuous learning to stay abreast of advancements in the field.

What is the average salary for aerospace engineers in North Dakota and Minnesota? ( Open this section)

In North Dakota, aerospace engineers earn an average salary of $103,520 per year, while in Minnesota, the average salary is $97,100 per year.

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How much money can you make with an aerospace engineering degree?

Is the cost of this degree worth the salary it leads to?

After graduation, aerospace engineering graduates typically earn high salaries compared to the national average. Top earners make $ 126,099 , while the bottom 20% make close r to $ 59,083 . The median grad salary is $ 86,315 .

Aerospace Engineering graduate salaries over time

The typical early career salary for someone with a bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering is $ 55,093 , and within five years of graduation, this average salary goes up to $ 71,730 .

This chart maps the average workforce wage by years of experience:

Wage ($USD)

Years of work experience.

Pro tip Still unsure if a degree in aerospace engineering is your calling? Read our comprehensive guide on choosing a career

Discover what you’ll learn—and what you can do after you graduate.

Aerospace Engineering

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What is the salary for a doctorate of aerospace engineer.

Aerospace engineers design and create airplanes and other aircraft used in both commercial and military settings. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, there were over 78,000 aerospace engineers employed in the United States in 2010. The salary information provided by the bureau indicates a wide range of pay that includes salaries earned by those with both undergraduate and graduate degrees. The salary for aerospace engineers with a doctorate degree will typically be near the top of the engineering pay scale.

Although the average salary for those working in the aerospace engineering field was $99,000 per year in 2010, the Bureau of Labor Statistics indicates that the salary range goes much higher. The median salary for those working in this field was $97,480, but the upper 25 percent of the pay scale made salaries of $120,290 or more per year. The upper 10 percent made even more. These aerospace engineers made salaries of $143,360 or higher. Although doctorate-holding aerospace engineers tend to fall into these two upper salary ranges, other factors like experience and employer may also propel an aerospace engineer into the upper echelons of the pay scale.

The amount that aerospace engineers are paid also depends upon other factors, such as the specific industry in which they are employed. For instance, the BLS indicates that the highest-paying industry for aerospace engineers was the wholesale equipment field. These aerospace engineers made average salaries of more than $118,000 per year. Those working in non-scheduled air transportation made a little less at $114,000 per year, while those employed by the federal government made $111,000 on an annual basis.

Location also provides an indicator of the salaries earned by those in the aerospace engineering field. According to the BLS, aerospace engineers made salaries of $108,750 or more working the states of California, Alabama, Virginia and Maryland. Those working in the District of Columbia also earned salaries higher than this figure and were among the highest paying locations in which to work as an aerospace engineer. In other states like Texas and Washington offered average salaries that dipped just below $100,000 per year.

Job Outlook

The aerospace engineering industry should continue to grow through 2018, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics projections. The bureau indicates the number of jobs in this field should grow by somewhere in the neighborhood of about 10 percent, over and above its reported total for 2008. This means that the number of jobs in this industry should grow from about 71,600 to 79,100 during this decade.

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• Bureau of Labor Statistics: 17-2011 Aerospace Engineers

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Salaries for Aerospace Engineer V with a JD, MD, PhD or Equivalent

According to our 100% employer reported salary sources the median salary for an Aerospace Engineer V with a JD, MD, PhD or Equivalent is $169,772 - $177,462 . Please try our salary wizard to explore how other factors like location, Years of experience and number of direct reports can impact your base pay and bonus.

Average Aerospace Engineer Salary

The average salary for an Aerospace Engineer is $93,076 in 2024

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What is the pay by experience level for aerospace engineers .

An entry-level Aerospace Engineer with less than 1 year experience can expect to earn an average total compensation (includes tips, bonus, and overtime pay) of $76,293 based on 658 salaries. An early career Aerospace Engineer with 1-4 years of experience earns an average total compensation of $85,408 based on 2,034 salaries. A …Read more

What Do Aerospace Engineers Do?

Aerospace engineers design aircraft, spacecraft, missiles, and satellites. They receive proposals for projects and evaluate them for a variety of factors. Aerospace engineers can develop new technologies in these fields, designing new types of aerospace products. They must determine if the proposed project will be technically possible, financially possible, and safe. They will determine if the product meets the needs of the customer, can surpass environmental challenges, and can meet …Read more

How do Aerospace Engineers Rate Their Jobs?

Common health benefits for a aerospace engineer, gender breakdown for aerospace engineers.

FAQs About Aerospace Engineers

What is the highest pay for aerospace engineers.

Our data indicates that the highest pay for an Aerospace Engineer is $143k / year

What is the lowest pay for Aerospace Engineers?

Our data indicates that the lowest pay for an Aerospace Engineer is $69k / year

How can Aerospace Engineers increase their salary?

Increasing your pay as an Aerospace Engineer is possible in different ways. Change of employer: Consider a career move to a new employer that is willing to pay higher for your skills. Level of Education: Gaining advanced degrees may allow this role to increase their income potential and qualify for promotions. Managing Experience: If you are an Aerospace Engineer that oversees more junior Aerospace Engineers, this experience can increase the likelihood to earn more.

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Starting salary for a PhD in Aero Engineering?

My school offers a bs/PhD program so I was just curious

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