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Writing a thesis

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• Using extracts for criticism, review or quotation

You can include limited extracts of a copyright work in your thesis for the purposes of criticism, review or quotation under an exception to UK Copyright law.

This exception cover two distinct uses:

• Criticism or review - allows the use of short extracts or quotations for the purpose of critique or review.  Use must be genuinely for this purpose and not for illustrative or enhancement purposes.
• Quotation - allows the use of quotations for purposes other than criticism and review.  The length of a quote should not be more than is needed for the specific purpose of use. 

You can copy from all types of copyright works as long as they have been made available to the public e.g. published. Fair dealing applies to how much you can copy and you must acknowledge the source.

What is a 'fair' amount will vary with circumstances. Read our guidance on fair dealing for more help. 

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• Copying for examination

Another exception to UK Copyright law, Illustration for instruction , allows copying for the purposes of examination. This includes the incorporation of materials in Masters dissertations, or PhD theses, that count towards a final examination mark.

So you can copy material (e.g. photographs, tables, diagrams etc.) to include in your thesis or as appendices to it. Any copying is again subject to  fair dealing , so you may only copy short extracts that are 'fair'. Any such copying must always clearly acknowledge the source.

This exception only covers your work up to examination (for example, the process of assessment of a PhD thesis), but not beyond. So if you are going to subsequently make your work public, e.g. deposit it in an open access repository (e.g. University eTheses service ), or publish it, you cannot rely on this exception. If appropriate, it would be better to rely on the criticism, review, or quotation exceptions. Failing this, you should try to substitute open licensed materials, or seek permission from the rights holder.

• How else can you lawfully incorporate copyright material?

If the proportion of a work that you want to include is more than what is 'fair dealing', or your intended use is not covered by the exceptions already mentioned, then you could:

• use open licensed materials which may allow some copying and reuse without seeking permission e.g. Creative Commons licences, Open Government licence.
• seek permission from the rights holder.
• Referencing

When you include copyright material in your assessed work, you should always acknowledge the source by fully referencing it. This is also a condition of relying on any of the fair dealing exceptions to UK Copyright law already mentioned.

If you do not do this, you may be accused of academic plagiarism, as well as infringing copyright. Copyright is distinct from, but relates to, considerations of academic plagiarism.

See the guides on Avoiding Plagiarism and Referencing and Citing for help in acknowledging the sources you use.

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Self - plagarism

Self-plagiarism occurs where you present your own previously used or published work as novel and original. Within a learning context, this can also be referred to as ‘recycling’ - multiple submissions of the same work. This is unlikely to be academically appropriate – for more information see the Academic integrity and misconduct webpage or talk to your supervisor.  

It can be appropriate to reuse a reasonable portion of content from a thesis in a journal article or other form of publication (and vice versa). You should discuss the suitability of this with your supervisor.  

Your research can be published in the following ways: 

In your thesis, deposited and made openly available with UoN Libraries’ eTheses repository ,  

In sections or in full via a third party publisher, e.g. a published book, or journal article. 

When publishing, you must consider aspects of copyright. Copyright is distinct from, but relates to, considerations of academic plagiarism. 

If publishing during your PhD, with the intention of then using all or some of the same material within your thesis, you will need to ensure you have sufficient permissions to publish that content. Unless a contract states otherwise, PhD students own the copyright in their work. If you publish this research, in for example, a journal this may involve signing an agreement that will typically shift rights from the author to the publisher.  

If reusing small amounts, your own existing work must be cited fully in the new work - the requirement to cite isn’t limited to referring to the work of others. If reusing larger amounts, you would need to have permission to do so, either by ensuring your contract includes a clause for reuse of content for thesis publication or seeking permission from the publisher separately.  

• Copyright in your work

You will normally own the copyright in your work. An exception might arise where pre-existing agreement allocates copyright to another party (for example, if you or a project you have worked on is sponsored or funded by an external organisation).

The University of Nottingham provides guidance on Intellectual Property Rights for Students and Graduates .

Archiving your thesis

University of Nottingham regulations for doctoral students stipulate that they must upload the final version of their thesis to the University's eTheses service repository. This will be archived as a record of the work which has been examined, including any academically necessary corrections.

Once the degree has been conferred, the thesis will be published open access unless:

• The content contains material that is confidential or infringes third party copyright
• A restriction has been applied for due to time-limited confidentiality issues.
• An embargo had been requested, for example to facilitate external publication.

Where you have made use of material that infringes copyright, or the thesis contains material that is confidential, you will need to submit a second version that excludes this content.

For further help see our:  Copyright and intellectual property guidance for electronic thesis submission

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Target Audience: Mid to Late stage Postgraduate Research Students

This is a new course .This course is not suitable if you have already attended Getting Going on your Thesis or Finishing your Thesis.   This course is not for Masters dissertations .  Academic Support offer support for students writing dissertations

Process: A short participatory workshop

Course Description:  This short session will prepare you to think about the ways in which it is possible to structure a thesis, and facilitates you in working on your own thesis structure. The materials draw on the Nottingham etheses repository.

So if you feel a bit limited about what is possible, come along and explore the range of structures that exists within and across disciplines.

By the end of this session you will have

Taken stock of the material you have gathered so far

Considered a range of structures for a thesis

Completed a draft outline of your thesis structure

Course Accessibility The following table shows a summary of what is needed to participate in the course.  If you feel you will experience any difficulties participating, please let us know via the ‘special requirements’ tab, providing as much information as possible. The special requirements tab can be completed when you book your place. Alternatively, you can contact us directly at [email protected] .

Booking Conditions

Latecomer policy

Researchers should plan to arrive prior to the advertised course start time. Except for exceptional reasons, there will be no admittance to a Researcher Academy or Faculty Training Programme (FTP) course 15 minutes after the advertised course start time.

Importance of booking commitment

When booking on to a Researcher Academy short course you are entering into a commitment to attend. If you find that you are no longer available to attend you MUST cancel your place (on the system if more than three days before the course) or if at short notice by emailing [email protected]. This will ensure that your place can be offered to another researcher on the waiting list. Failure to cancel a place results in other researchers missing out on places through the waiting list process.

It is unacceptable for researchers to just not attend when booked onto a course. Researcher Academy maintains records of those who repeatedly do not attend courses they have booked. This may affect future eligibility to book onto further Researcher Academy courses and will affect considerations for Researcher Academy funded opportunities.

Please fill in this enquiry form, and we will get back to you

Research Repository

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Welcome to Repository@Nottingham

The Repository@Nottingham is intended to be an Open Access showcase for the published research output of the university. Whenever possible, refereed documents accepted for publication, or finished artistic compositions presented in public, will be made available here in full digital format, and hyperlinks to standard published versions will be provided. See our Policies for further information.

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Cross-cultural comparison of Recovery College implementation between Japan and England: Corpus-based discourse analysis (2024) Journal Article

A comparison of the top 500 papers in Clinical Nutrition ranked by citation and Altmetric Attention Scores (2024) Journal Article

Smoothed asymptotics: from number theory to QFT (2024) Journal Article Inspired by the method of smoothed asymptotics developed by Terence Tao, we introduce a new ultraviolet regularisation scheme for loop integrals in quantum field theory which we call η regularisation. This reveals a connection between the elimination... Read More about Smoothed asymptotics: from number theory to QFT.

The effectiveness of digital interventions for self-management of chronic pain in employment settings: a systematic review. (2024) Journal Article Introduction Chronic pain affects over a quarter of the workforce with high economic burden for individuals, employers, and healthcare services. Access to work-related advice for people with chronic pain is variable. This systematic review aims to... Read More about The effectiveness of digital interventions for self-management of chronic pain in employment settings: a systematic review..

A single-cell atlas of pig gastrulation as a resource for comparative embryology (2024) Journal Article Cell-fate decisions during mammalian gastrulation are poorly understood outside of rodent embryos. The embryonic disc of pig embryos mirrors humans, making them a useful proxy for studying gastrulation. Here we present a single-cell transcriptomic at... Read More about A single-cell atlas of pig gastrulation as a resource for comparative embryology.

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(2016) PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. - Repository staff only - Requires a PDF viewer such as , or The aim of this project was to develop the tools and knowledge to reduce dietary sodium by mitigating restrictions to flavour delivery and enhancing saltiness perception through sodium contrast effects in the mouth. This is achieved by restructuring semi-solid and liquid model food systems to achieve maximum flavour delivery for enhanced perception. The project considered two model systems: stable foams and double emulsions. Stable foams were developed to evaluate air inclusions as a potential sodium reduction strategy. Saltiness perception was enhanced as the levels of air inclusion increased and the incorporation of air also increased the delivery of a congruent mushroom aroma, ultimately this resulted in an enhanced overall flavour perception. The release of volatile aroma compounds from the aerated matrix was dependent on the hydrophobicity (Log P) of the volatile. Double water-in-oil-in-water (w1/o/w2) emulsions were evaluated as vehicles to entrap (during storage) and then deliver sodium during oral processing, ultimately to enhance saltiness perception. The emulsions (w1/o/w2) stabilised with a commercially modified octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) starch (NC46) were able to encapsulate sodium within the inner water phase (w1), retaining 97 % of this sodium for up to 90 d and partially releasing the sodium during oral processing. The release mechanism was the digestion of the stabilising starch by oral α-amylase. When compared to a protein stabilised emulsion, a 23.7 % decrease in overall salt was achieved using NC46 stabilised w1/o/w2 emulsions, without compromising perceived saltiness. To optimise the stability and delivery of sodium from the double emulsion, different levels of OSA modification were evaluated. High levels (3%) of OSA modification increased storage stability and low (0 % OSA) and intermediate levels offered enhanced saltiness. The optimised (1.5% and 2 % OSA) w1/o/w2 emulsion was stable and conferred a 15 % reduction in total sodium without compromising saltiness. These results provide new insights into using colloidal systems to efficiently deliver sodium and aroma volatiles for perception. The sodium redistribution and contrast effects demonstrated in this work may provide new avenues to achieve sodium reduction, particularly in semi-solid and liquid systems. Item Type: Thesis (University of Nottingham only) (PhD) Supervisors: Fisk, I. Wolf, B. Subjects: Faculties/Schools: UK Campuses > Faculty of Science > School of Biosciences Item ID: 33595 Depositing User: Date Deposited: 15 Aug 2016 13:07 Last Modified: 07 May 2020 18:03 URI: Actions (Archive Staff Only) Edit View University of Nottingham PhD Thesis Template This template is adapted from the previous template I wrote in 2017: University of Nottingham Thesis and Dissertation Template The current one includes more sample scripts in Chapter 4 Main Chapter, demonstrating the use of figures, tables, lists (for Research Questions and Hypotheses, etc.), equations, and PDF appendix in the Appendices chapter. This one is specifically shaped for a PhD thesis submission. Please double check with your faculty's thesis submission guideline. Get in touch Have you checked our knowledge base ? Message sent! Our team will review it and reply by email. Email:  Help | Advanced Search Quantum Physics Title: cavity mode entanglement in relativistic quantum information. Abstract: A central aim of relativistic quantum information (RQI) is the investigation of quantum information tasks and resources taking into account the relativistic aspects of nature. More precisely, it is of fundamental interest to understand how the storage, manipulation, and transmission of information utilizing quantum systems are influenced by the fact that these processes take place in a relativistic spacetime. In particular, many studies in RQI have been focused on the effects of non-uniform motion on entanglement, the main resource of quantum information protocols. Early investigations in this direction were performed in highly idealized settings that prompted questions as to the practical accessibility of these results. To overcome these limitations it is necessary to consider quantum systems that are in principle accessible to localized observers. In this thesis we present such a model, the rigid relativistic cavity, and its extensions, focusing on the effects of motion on entanglement and applications such as quantum teleportation. We study cavities in (1+1) dimensions undergoing non-uniform motion, consisting of segments of uniform acceleration and inertial motion of arbitrary duration that allow the involved velocities to become relativistic. The transitions between segments can be sharp or smooth and higher dimensions can be incorporated. The primary focus lies in the Bogoliubov transformations of the quantum fields, real scalar fields or Dirac fields, confined to the cavities. The Bogoliubov transformations change the particle content and the occupation of the energy levels of the cavity. We show how these effects generate entanglement between the modes of the quantum fields inside a single cavity for various initial states. The entanglement between several cavities, on the other hand, is degraded by the non-uniform motion, influencing the fidelity of tasks such as teleportation. Comments: PhD thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013, 200 pages, 34 figures, available from e-theses server at v2: updated references Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph); General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc); Mathematical Physics (math-ph) Cite as: [quant-ph]   (or [quant-ph] for this version)   Focus to learn more arXiv-issued DOI via DataCite Submission history Access paper:. Other Formats References & Citations INSPIRE HEP Google Scholar Semantic Scholar BibTeX formatted citation Bibliographic and Citation Tools Code, data and media associated with this article, recommenders and search tools. Institution arXivLabs: experimental projects with community collaborators arXivLabs is a framework that allows collaborators to develop and share new arXiv features directly on our website. Both individuals and organizations that work with arXivLabs have embraced and accepted our values of openness, community, excellence, and user data privacy. arXiv is committed to these values and only works with partners that adhere to them. Have an idea for a project that will add value for arXiv's community? Learn more about arXivLabs . Converted to energy conversion On How to Eat a Thesis Elephant Hi everyone! Last week, I paid a visit to the Power Electronics Machines and Drives (PEMD) conference in Nottingham. The East Midlands is an area in which the spirit of Sir Henry Royce of Rolls-Royce is still lingering. The company hosts a big R&D site just outside of Nottingham in Derby, and its engineers constitute a portion of the many industrial delegates who were participating in the conference. The conference is likely my last as a Ph.D. student, and my feeling of belonging to the electrical machines and drives community has definitely grown since I first participated in a similar conference more than four years ago. After four and half years of research, you leave quite some remaining in your digital libraries. So when it’s time to summarize your work in a thesis and get ready for your post-PhD life, it is necessary to engage in a bit of clean-up and dust-off process. The first association of this process that came to my mind was an activity known as “döstäda” in Swedish, which literally means “death-clean” in English. Interestingly enough, I found out that there does not really seem to exist any corresponding word for this activity in English. However, the excellent newspaper The Local, which writes about Swedish news and customs in English, describes it very well: “The uniquely Swedish practice of ‘Döstädning’ (death-cleaning) is a method of decluttering based on which objects will be of value to loved ones after your death”, which is pretty much what any doctoral student has to do towards the end of his or her research education. The thesis at KTH can be written as either a monography or a compilation of the peer-reviewed research papers that you have published. In my case, I have opted for the compilation. Practically, it means that I will weld all the papers in my portfolio together, and the main challenge is to ensure appropriate adhesion between all the bits and pieces. To begin with, why did we study the particular subjects? Using a top-down perspective, problems identified in the industry and within previous research set the ground. My method of ushering the reader through the text then becomes more introspective, which makes quite a lot of sense. Think of it as a natural evolution in research. Once you have your results in place, you need to assess your own work and then improve on it, meaning you first need to identify its weaknesses. This process ties quite well to a maxim, attributed to Sir Henry Royce of Rolls-Royce, that I saw on a wall of the conference center of Nottingham University the other day: “Strive for perfection in everything you do. Take the best that exists and make it better. When it does not exist, design it.” Leave a Reply Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked * Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. 105 IMAGES how to write a research proposal university of nottingham - Nottingham ePrints Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree University of Nottingham launches new MArch 2 programme PHD Thesis University of Nottingham Thesis Axonometric Drawing Wes J C Stone University of Nottingham VIDEO NTU Thesis Display Over PIFD NCA PU GC Fashion Design Thesis NTU Defending My Thesis This is My Bachelor Thesis Project (3D printing, Astrophotography) 3 Minute thesis 3 Minutes Thesis (3MT) 2024 Three Minute Thesis COMMENTS Finding theses Select 'Theses' from the 'All items' dropdown beneath the search box ; Click on search; Finding a list of theses undertaken in a school or department: Go to the Library Collections tab; In the search box, enter the search as below, changing the school or department name as required e.g. University of Nottingham theses chemical engineering Nottingham eTheses An electronic archive of research degree theses from the University of Nottingham. Please follow our Deposit Guide for eTheses . Simple keyword searching of the archive. Alternatively, use Advanced Search to search using a full range of fields. Browse the items in the archive by Author, Subject, Year of award, Faculty and School, or Supervisor. Thesis submission Thesis submission. You are required to submit a thesis for examination after your period of registered study and before the conclusion of the thesis pending period. Your thesis should be submitted to the Nottingham ePrints service and must be the result of your own work, done mainly while you were registered as a researcher of this university. Research theses Nottingham Geospatial Institute. Research theses. Our students' theses are their highly valued legacy to the University and to the wider research community. Many have made them available in pdf format held by the University in a publicly accessible central repository - in this way their insights and knowledge can be transferred with no overhead ... - Nottingham ePrints More.. Nottingham ePrints is a digital archive containing: research papers - articles, conference papers etc - produced by University of Nottingham authors; theses submitted for University of Nottingham research degrees; dissertations submitted as part of taught courses (full text of these is only accessible to logged-in UoN users). Browse eTheses The University of Nottingham theses in this repository are protected by copyright laws. Extracts may only be reproduced under specific exceptions provided for by copyright law. Quotations or similar reproductions must be sufficiently acknowledged. Items may be browsed by the following: Authors. Subjects. Years. Faculties and Schools. Uploading your thesis Step 5. Upload your PDF (s). This should follow the format of [your surname, your first name, student ID, type of submission (ie first, corrections, resub). For each file you need to provide further information. Please do not start a new thesis deposit if you have supplemental files (e.g. audio, video, list of required corrections). Thesis pending This time is referred to as the thesis pending period. Students whose programme of study lasts for less than four years (eight years in the case of part-time students) and who have completed their research and the period of registered study, may enter the thesis pending period. In all cases the thesis must be submitted within four years (full ... Thesis submission (PGR) Get in touch +44(0) 115 951 5151. Lines are open: Monday - Friday 9:00am - 4:30pm. University of Nottingham. University Park. Nottingham, NG7 2RD. United Kingdom Browse by Years PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. Abraham, Mathew (2020) Strategic recruitment and selection in Malaysian small and medium enterprises: unravelling the evidence of fit. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. Abudu, Derrick S. (2020) Essays on corruption, allocative inefficiency, and mergers and acquisitions. PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. Deposit guide for eTheses Steps in the Deposit process: It is useful to have the following information to hand: the type of degree - PhD, DM, MPhil, MRes, etc. the full title of your thesis. the abstract of your thesis. the year your degree was awarded. the names of your supervisors. At the "Nottingham ePrints" Home page, Login. Click on the "New Item" button. About Nottingham ePrints From the 1st Oct 2021, the research publications and student eTheses of University of Nottingham Ningbo China authors will be handled through the UNNC Research Information System (RIS). If you are a UNNC author, please login to the UNNC RIS in order to deposit articles and etheses after this date, or contact [email protected] if you have any enquiries in regard to this change. Writing a thesis The University of Nottingham provides guidance on Intellectual Property Rights for Students and Graduates. Top of the page. Archiving your thesis. University of Nottingham regulations for doctoral students stipulate that they must upload the final version of their thesis to the University's eTheses service repository. This will be archived as a ... Course Process: A short participatory workshop. Course Description: This short session will prepare you to think about the ways in which it is possible to structure a thesis, and facilitates you in working on your own thesis structure. The materials draw on the Nottingham etheses repository. So if you feel a bit limited about what is possible, come ... Repository@Nottingham Home Welcome to Repository@Nottingham The Repository@Nottingham is intended to be an Open Access showcase for the published research output of the university. Whenever possible, refereed documents accepted for publication, or finished artistic compositions presented in public, will be made available here in full digital format, and hyperlinks to ... Wearable magnetoencephalography In this thesis, we explore the advantages of multi-channel OPM systems using both simulations, and experimental measurements made using commercially available OPMs in combination with a 3D-printed helmet. ... PhD thesis, University of Nottingham. PDF (Thesis - as examined) - Repository staff only - Requires a PDF viewer such as GSview, Xpdf or ... Designing microstructures for sodium reduction Thesis (University of Nottingham only) (PhD) Supervisors: Fisk, I. Wolf, B. Subjects: T Technology > TX Home economics: Faculties/Schools: UK Campuses > Faculty of Science > School of Biosciences: Item ID: 33595: Depositing User: Chiu, Natalie: Date Deposited: 15 Aug 2016 13:07: Last Modified: ... University of Nottingham PhD Thesis Template This template is adapted from the previous template I wrote in 2017: University of Nottingham Thesis and Dissertation Template. The current one includes more sample scripts in Chapter 4 Main Chapter, demonstrating the use of figures, tables, lists (for Research Questions and Hypotheses, etc.), equations, and PDF appendix in the Appendices chapter. Thesis Guidelines University of Nottingham Thesis Guidelines University of Nottingham - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. The document discusses the challenges students face when writing a thesis at the University of Nottingham. It notes that writing a thesis is a daunting task that requires extensive research, organization of ideas, and delivering work that demonstrates understanding and insights. Cavity mode entanglement in relativistic quantum information In this thesis we present such a model, the rigid relativistic cavity, and its extensions, focusing on the effects of motion on entanglement and applications such as quantum teleportation. ... PhD thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013, 200 pages, 34 figures, available from e-theses server at this http URL v2: updated references: Subjects: E Thesis University of Nottingham The document discusses some of the challenges students face when writing their thesis for the University of Nottingham. It states that crafting a thesis is one of the most difficult academic tasks and requires extensive research, analysis, and strong writing abilities. Many students find the task overwhelming and stressful, especially when combined with other responsibilities. Seeking ... University of Nottingham Thesis Library The document discusses the challenges of writing a thesis and introduces HelpWriting.net as a solution. It states that writing a thesis can be difficult and time-consuming as it requires extensive research, analysis, and clear writing. Students at the University of Nottingham face rigorous demands to produce a high-quality thesis. HelpWriting.net understands these challenges and can assist ... Submit Thesis University of Nottingham Submit Thesis University of Nottingham - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. The document discusses the challenges of writing a thesis for submission to the University of Nottingham. It notes that crafting a thesis is a complex and demanding task that requires extensive research, analysis, and writing skills, and many students feel overwhelmed. On How to Eat a Thesis Elephant Nottingham, the home of Robin Hood. PEMD 2024 opening at Nottingham University. After four and half years of research, you leave quite some remaining in your digital libraries. So when it's time to summarize your work in a thesis and get ready for your post-PhD life, it is necessary to engage in a bit of clean-up and dust-off process. essay homework paper phd project resume review speech thesis