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BLEEDING DISORDER.
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Presentation on theme: "BLEEDING DISORDER."— Presentation transcript:
Coagulation: Review & Lab techniques
Chapter 12 Disorders of Hemostasis
Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation Events in Hemostasis The term hemostasis means prevention of blood loss. Whenever a vessel is severed or ruptured, hemostasis.
Hemorrhagic diseases. Lesions of the blood vessels Lesions of the blood vessels Abnormal platelets Abnormal platelets Abnormalities in the coagulation.
BLEEDING DISORDERS AN OVERVIEW WITH EMPHASIS ON EMERGENCIES.
Initiation substances activate s by proteolysis a cascade of circulating precursor proteins which leads to the generation of thrombin which in turn converts.
Hemostasis & Thrombosis: Platelet Disorders Beth A. Bouchard BIOC 212: Biochemistry of Human Disease Spring 2005.
Bachelor of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong Bleeding disorders Dr. Edmond S. K. Ma Division of Haematology Department of Pathology The University.
Haemostasis Tiffany Shaw MBChB II Haemostasis Pathway Injury Collagen exposure Tissue Factor Platelet adhesion Coagulation Cascade Release reaction.
HAEMATOLOGY MODULE: COAGULATION DISORDERS 1 Adult Medical-Surgical Nursing.
Anatomy and Physiology 3/15 and 3/16
Gatmaitan, Raymond Vincent Golpeo, Kirsten C.
MLAB 1227: Coagulation Keri Brophy-Martinez
Bleeding time,clotting time, PT, and PTT
Dr msaiem Acquired Coagulation Disorders Dr Mohammed Saiem Al-dahr KAAU Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences.
Dr MOHAMMED H SAIEMALDAHR FACULTY of Applied Medical Sciences
HEMOSTASis Nada Mohamed Ahmed , MD, MT (ASCP)i.
Lecture NO- 12- Dr: Dalia Kamal Eldien. Coagulation: Is the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a clot. Coagulation begins after an injury.
Blood disorders.
Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation
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Blood Clotting Disorders
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Blood clotting disorders are a group of medical conditions that affect the body's ability to form clots, leading to excessive bleeding or abnormal clotting. While some blood clotting disorders are relatively common, others are rare and require specialized medical attention. If you're studying or researching these disorders, our template is the perfect tool for you. It features customizable sections with informative diagrams, graphs, and text boxes to help you create an engaging and informative presentation on this complex topic. Precisely, to act as decoration, we've added images of streams of blood cells.
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Bleeding Disorders
Jan 04, 2020
390 likes | 601 Views
Bleeding Disorders. Prof. Hasnaa Ahmed. Clinical pathology Department. Content. Physiology of Hemostasis Etiology of bleeding disorder Evaluation of bleeding disorders. Hemostasis. Vascular phase : vasoconstriction, immediately Platelet phase : adhesion & aggregation, several seconds
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Presentation Transcript
Prof. Hasnaa Ahmed Clinical pathology Department
Content • Physiology of Hemostasis • Etiology of bleeding disorder • Evaluation of bleeding disorders
Hemostasis • Vascular phase : vasoconstriction, immediately • Platelet phase : adhesion & aggregation, several seconds • Coagulation phase : later, contains extrinsic & intrinsic • Metabolic (fibrinolytic) phase: release antithrombotic t Primary hemostasis: Secondary hemostasis:
Gla domain: activated by vit. K and NADH
Etiology of bleeding disorders: • 1. Vascular • Plat. Defect • 3. Disorders of coagulation
Etiology of bleeding disorders: 1. vascular wall alteration : infection, chemical, allergy 2. Disorder of platelet function : 1- Genetic defects (Bernard-Soulier disease: GP-Ib /IX dysfunction with VWF) 2-Aquired: • Autoimmune disease. • Drugs: Aspirin, NSAIDs, broad-spectrum antibiotics (Ampicillin, Penicillin, Gentamycin, Vancomycin)
Etiology of bleeding disorders Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia purpuras (TTP)： 1. primary 2. secondary : Chemicals, ex: mitomycin C Physical agent (radiation) Systemic disease (leukemia) Character: • 1.Thrombocytopenia 2. Micro-angiopathic hemolytic anemia(MAHA) 3. Fever 4. renal impairment 5. Neurological symptoms. • Considered to be an emergency • TTT : plasma exchange and glucocortisone application
Etiology of bleeding disorders Disorders of coagulation factors: 1. Inherited : Hemophilia A Christmas disease von Willebrand Disease 2. Acquired : Liver disease Vitamin K deficiency Anticoagulation drugs (heparin, coumarin) Abs
Evaluation of bleeding disorders • 1. Take history • 2. Physical examination • 3. Screening clinical laboratory tests • 4. Observation of excessive bleeding following a surgical procedure
History • Bleeding problems in relatives • Bleeding problems following operations and tooth extractions, trauma • Use of drugs for prevention of coagulation or pain • Spontaneous bleeding from nose mouth etc..
Screening laboratory tests • 1. Platelet count 150- 400X 109/l • 2. BT (Bleeding Time) 2-5 min • 3. PT (Prothrombin Time) 10-13 sec. • 4. aPTT (active Partial Thrombopastin Time) 28-36 sec • 5. TT (Thrombin Time)
Platelet count • Normal (140,000 to 400,000/mm3) • Thrombocytopenia : < 140,000/mm3 • Clinical bleeding problem : <50,000/mm3 • Spontaneous bleeding with life thearten bleeding <20,000/mm3
B.T (Ivy method) • Test platelet & vascular phase • Normal if adequate number of platelets of good quality present intact vascular walls • Normal Ivy’s ( 2 to 5 minutes )
PT (Prothrombin Time) • Activated by tissue thromboplastin • Tests extrinsic ( factor VII ) and common ( I,II,V,X ) pathways • Normal ( 10-13.5sec ) • International normalized ratio= INR : 0.9 • ,
Activated PTT (aPTT) • Activated by contact activator (kaolin) • Tests intrinsic and common pathway • Normal ( 28-36 sec ) • Heparin therapy-a PTT is prolonged : 50-65 sec
TT (Thrombin Time) • Activated by thrombin • Tests ability to form initial clot from fibrinogen • Normal ( 11 to 13 seconds )
condition Platelet count BT PTT PT TT 1. Aspirin therapy + - 2. Coumarin therapy - - ++ - 3. Heparin therapy + + ++ - - 4. Liver disease + ++ ++ ++ + 5. leukemia + + - - - 6. Long term antibiotic - - ++ ++ ++ 7. Vascular wall defect - + - - - 8. thrombocytopenia ++ ++ - - - 9. hemophilia - - ++ - - 10. fibrinogenolysis - - + + ++ -: normal, +: may be abnormal, ++: abnormal
Patient at low risk • Patient with no history of bleeding disorders, normal examinations, no medications associated with bleeding disorders and normal bleeding parameters • Patients with nonspecific history of excessive bleeding with normal bleeding parameters (PT, PTT, BT, platelet count, are within normal time)
Patient at moderate risk • Patients in chronic oral anticoagulant therapy • Patients on chronic aspirin therapy
Patient at high risk • Patients with known bleeding disorders Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopathy Clotting factor defects • Patient without known bleeding disorders found to have abnormal , platelet count, BT, PT, PTT
Thrombocytopenia • Disease in number of circulation platelets • Idiopathic thrombocytopenia, secondary thrombocytopenia • TTT : is none indicated unless platelets<20000/mm3, or excessive bleeding
von Willebrand Disease • Type I : 70%-80%, partial loss on quantity • Type II : poor on quality • Type III : severe loss on quantity, inactive to DDAVP
Hemophilia • Sex-linked recessive trait, • Prolong aPTT, normal BT,PT • Hemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency) • Hemophilia B or Christmas disease (factor IX deficiency) • Severity of disorder : • severe<1%, • moderate 1-5%, • mild 6-30%
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2. Haemostasis:. Haemostasis refers to spontaneous arrest of bleeding caused by injury of small blood vessels.Small vessels are continuously exposed to trauma during normal activities can not bleed due to effects of haemostasis.. 3. Functions of haemostasis:. Maintains blood in a fluid, clot free s
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Women with Bleeding Disorders. Nairobi, Kenya. June 25, 2013. Objectives. Discuss the types of bleeding disorders affecting women Distinguish sex-linked inheritance from autosomal inheritance Explain carrier versus non-carrier states in women List common bleeding symptoms in women
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Bleeding Disorders. 1. Thrombocytopenia Platelet (thrombocyte) deficiency Even normal movements can cause bleeding from small blood vessels that require platelets for clotting Petechiae – purple blotches 2. Hemophilia Hereditary bleeding disorder Normal clotting factors are missing
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Deficiency of any of the clotting factors leads to excessive bleeding Most common and important bleeding disorders are due Vitamin K deficiency Platelets deficiency (Thrombocytopenia) Deficiency of Factor VIII (Hemophilia). Bleeding disorders. Genetic disorder
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Bleeding disorders. This document summarizes a seminar on bleeding disorders. It begins with an introduction to hemostasis and the coagulation cascade. It describes the roles of platelets, coagulation factors, and the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. It discusses specific coagulation factor deficiencies like hemophilia A, hemophilia B, and von ...
It begins by introducing hemostasis and the coagulation cascade. Bleeding disorders are then classified into four categories: coagulation factor deficiencies, fibrinolytic defects, vascular disorders, and platelet disorders. The diagnosis of bleeding disorders involves considering clinical information like symptoms and family history, as well ...
Bleeding disorders. Jul 6, 2018 • Download as PPT, PDF •. 191 likes • 57,641 views. D. DrDiplinaBarman. This would give an idea of the various bleeding disorders, associated clotting factors and more specifically management in the dental office of the patients with bleeding disorders. Health & Medicine. 1 of 113.
Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an immune-mediated disorder causing reduced platelet counts. It typically presents with purpura and petechiae. Diagnosis involves isolated thrombocytopenia with normal or increased megakaryocytes on bone marrow exam and platelet autoantibodies. Treatment involves corticosteroids, splenectomy, or IVIG.
Download the "Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: Diagnosis and Treatment Breakthrough" presentation for PowerPoint or Google Slides. Treating diseases involves a lot of prior research and clinical trials. But whenever there's a new discovery, a revolutionary finding that opens the door to new treatments, vaccines or ways to prevent illnesses, it's ...
Blood Coagulation & Tests. CT- Large hematoma of psoas muscle. Coagulation Disorders • Laboratory findings: • Normal bleeding time & Platelet count • Prolonged prothrombin time (PT) • deficiencies of II, V, VII, X • Prolonged time (aPTT) • all factors except VII, XIII • Mixing studies - normal plasma corrects PT or aPTT.
Approach to bleeding disorders. This document discusses laboratory approaches to evaluating bleeding disorders and mixing studies. It begins by explaining haemostasis and the coagulation cascade. It then discusses evaluating patients by obtaining a history, physical exam, and laboratory tests. A variety of screening and specific laboratory ...
Download ppt "Bleeding disorders in children". hematopoiesis Hematopoiesis begins by 3 weeks of gestation with erythropoiesis in the yolk sac. By 2 months' gestation, the primary site of hematopoiesis migrates to the liver. By 5 to 6 months' gestation, the process shifts from the liver to the bone marrow. During infancy, virtually all ...
Signs and symptoms: The various types of vWD present with varying degrees of bleeding tendency, usually in the form of easy bruising, nosebleeds and bleeding gums. Women may experience heavy menstrual flow and blood loss during childbirth. ' Severe internal or joint bleeding is uncommon (except for in vWD type 3).
106 likes • 20,195 views. Hayelom Michael Deyo. Approach to a bleeding disorder: These presentation has the approach for a patient of bleeding disorder. it has History, physical finding, Investigations. Read more. Health & Medicine. 1 of 44. Download now. Scenario. Approach to bleeding disorder - Download as a PDF or view online for free.
This article explores the normal anatomy and physiology of red blood cells (RBC) and bleeding disorders, including anemias, polycythemia, and hemolytic disorders. It also discusses the clinical features and causes of RBC disorders. (500 characters) Slideshow 9642854 by karruda.
Bleeding Disorders. Hemophilia characterized based on the residual or baseline factor activity level (also referred to as "factor level"); expressed as a %of normal or in IU/mL. Factor levels typically correlate with the degree of bleeding Symptoms. • Severe Hemophilia - defined as <1 % factor activity (<0.01 IU/mL).
Presentation Transcript. Bleeding Disorders Meera Shreedhara 8/25/08. What is it? • A bleeding disorder is an acquired or inherited tendency to bleed excessively. Mechanisms of bleeding • Vascular Integrity • Platelets • Clotting factors • Fibrinolysis • Derangement of any of these factors can cause abnormal bleeding.
71 Laboratory Evaluation of Bleeding Overview CBC and smear Platelet count Thrombocytopenia RBC and platelet morphology TTP, DIC, etc. Coagulation Prothrombin time Extrinsic/common pathways Partial thromboplastin time Intrinsic/common pathways Coagulation factor assays Specific factor deficiencies 50:50 mix Inhibitors (e.g., antibodies) Fibrinogen assay Decreased fibrinogen Thrombin time ...
Presentation on theme: "BLEEDING DISORDER."— Presentation transcript: ... 50 IDENTIFICATION OF THE DENTAL PATIENT WITH A BLEEDING DISORDER Identification of the dental patient with or at risk for a bleeding disorder begins with a thorough review of the medical history. Patient report of a family history of bleeding problems may help to ...
Bleeding Disorders & Its Management - Free download as Powerpoint Presentation (.ppt), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or view presentation slides online. This document discusses bleeding disorders and their management. It begins by covering the pathophysiology of hemostasis, including the vascular, platelet and coagulation phases. It then describes the clinical manifestations and laboratory ...
This medical PowerPoint presentation is about bleeding disorders, a group of medical conditions characterized by the inability of the blood to clot properly. This can result in excessive bleeding and bruising, even from minor injuries. There are several types of bleeding disorders, including Hemophilia, Von Willebrand Disease, Platelet ...
BLEEDING AND CLOTTING DISORDERS. Aug 4, 2019 • Download as PPTX, PDF •. 49 likes • 10,326 views. S. ShilpyJain9. INTRODUCTION • Blood must be maintained in a fluid state in order to function as a transport system, but must be able to solidify to form a clot following vascular injury.
Free Google Slides theme, PowerPoint template, and Canva presentation template. Blood clotting disorders are a group of medical conditions that affect the body's ability to form clots, leading to excessive bleeding or abnormal clotting. While some blood clotting disorders are relatively common, others are rare and require specialized medical ...
Presentation Transcript. Bleeding DisordersVascular and Platelet Disorders Ahmad Shihada Silmi Msc,FIBMS IUG Medical Technology Dept. Bleeding Disorder Terms Petechiae-pinpoint size/pinhead size hemorrhagic spots in skin Purpura-hemorrhage under the skin, varying in color and duration Ecchymosis-purplish patch caused by extravasation of blood ...
Women with Bleeding Disorders. Women with Bleeding Disorders. Nairobi, Kenya. June 25, 2013. Objectives. Discuss the types of bleeding disorders affecting women Distinguish sex-linked inheritance from autosomal inheritance Explain carrier versus non-carrier states in women List common bleeding symptoms in women. 595 views • 23 slides
About This Presentation. Title: BLEEDING DISORDERS. Description: bleeding disorders dr.mohamed iqbal musani, md thrombocytopathy drug induced nsaids reversibly binds to the platelet for a limited time period (approx 6 hours) so ... - PowerPoint PPT presentation. Number of Views: 733. Avg rating:3.0/5.0. Slides: 55.
This PowerPoint design presents information on topics like Bleeding Cherry Angioma Treatment. As it is predesigned it helps boost your confidence level. It also makes you a better presenter because of its high-quality content and graphics. This PPT layout can be downloaded and used in different formats like PDF, PNG, and JPG.