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Mission The Journal of Marketing Research ( JMR ) is a bimonthly journal serving the scholarly and practitioner communities in the field of marketing.

Editorial Objectives JMR is a broad-based journal that aims to publish the highest-quality articles in the discipline of marketing. Published articles must make a significant contribution to the marketing discipline, provide a basis for stimulating additional research, and meet high standards of scholarship.

Nature of JMR Research JMR publishes articles representing the entire spectrum of topics in marketing. It welcomes diverse theoretical perspectives, and a wide variety of data and methodological approaches. JMR seeks papers that make methodological, substantive, and/or theoretical contributions. Empirical studies in papers that seek to make a theoretical and/or substantive contribution may involve experimental and/or observational designs and rely on primary data (including qualitative data) and/or secondary data (including meta-analytic data sets).

Methodological Contribution

Authors seeking to make a methodological contribution should compare their proposed new methods to established methods, indicating the circumstances under which the new methods are superior and why. The papers should also disclose limitations of the new methods. The papers should explain what the proposed methods might mean for understanding consumers, firms, or regulatory agencies. Papers that review methods to stimulate further research are also welcome.

Substantive Contribution

Authors seeking to make a substantive contribution should provide insights into marketing phenomena, and discuss their implications for practitioners, policy makers, and customers, among other stakeholders. Research in other disciplines such as economics, management, operations, or psychology may be used to generate insights into marketing phenomena. Papers that use analytical economic models should provide substantive insights into important marketing problems.

Theoretical Contribution

Authors seeking to make a theoretical contribution should build new theory in the field of marketing, and discuss its implications for practitioners, policy makers, customers and/or other stakeholders. Authors should highlight their theoretical contribution by briefly reviewing extant research and explaining how their work advances this research. To the extent they are relevant, authors should describe implications of their new theories for other disciplines.

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JMR is a broad-based journal that aims to publish the highest-quality articles in the discipline of marketing. Published articles must make a significant contribution to the marketing discipline, provide a basis for stimulating additional research, and meet high standards of scholarship.

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The past, present, and future of marketing strategy

  • Published: 04 July 2020
  • Volume 31 , pages 163–174, ( 2020 )

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marketing research journal articles

  • Sibel Sozuer   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-1513-4362 1 ,
  • Gregory S. Carpenter 2 ,
  • Praveen K. Kopalle 3 ,
  • Leigh M. McAlister 4 &
  • Donald R. Lehmann 1  

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This article provides a high-level overview of marketing strategy research and offers a number of suggestions of areas ripe for future research. We discuss the most fundamental concepts that continue to drive current marketing strategy research and examine how these concepts have shaped marketing strategy and the role of the marketing function. In addition, we highlight the developments in marketing accountability, marketing’s influence within the firm, and alternatives to a market-driven approach in generating sustainable competitive advantage. Finally, we identify directions for future research in the light of recent developments, availability of new data, and emerging issues.

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Columbia Business School, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA

Sibel Sozuer & Donald R. Lehmann

Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA

Gregory S. Carpenter

Tuck School of Business, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA

Praveen K. Kopalle

McCombs School of Business, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

Leigh M. McAlister

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Sozuer, S., Carpenter, G.S., Kopalle, P.K. et al. The past, present, and future of marketing strategy. Mark Lett 31 , 163–174 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-020-09529-5

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.1007/s11002-020-09529-5

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  • Marketing strategy
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Mapping research in marketing: trends, influential papers and agenda for future research

Spanish Journal of Marketing - ESIC

ISSN : 2444-9695

Article publication date: 5 December 2023

Issue publication date: 7 March 2024

This study aims to map the conceptual structure and evolution of the recent scientific literature published in marketing journals to identify the areas of interest and potential future research directions.

Design/methodology/approach

The 100 most influential marketing academic papers published between 2018 and 2022 were identified and scrutinized through a bibliometric analysis.

The findings further upheld the critical role of emerging technologies such as Blockchain in marketing and identified artificial intelligence and live streaming as emerging trends, reinforcing the importance of data-driven marketing in the discipline.

Research limitations/implications

The data collection included only the 100 most cited documents between 2018 and 2022, and data were limited only to Scopus database and restrained to the Scopus-indexed marketing journals. Moreover, documents were selected based on the number of citations. Nevertheless, the data set may still provide significant insight into the marketing field.

Practical implications

Influential authors, papers and journals identified in this study will facilitate future literature searches and scientific dissemination in the field. This study makes an essential contribution to the marketing literature by identifying hot topics and suggesting future research themes. Also, the important role of emerging technologies and the shift of marketing toward a more data-driven approach will have significant practical implications for marketers.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study offering a general overview of the leading trends and researchers in marketing state-of-the-art research.

  • Bibliometric analysis
  • Citation analysis
  • Research publications
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  • Análisis bibliométrico
  • Análisis de citas
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Ramos, R. , Rita, P. and Vong, C. (2024), "Mapping research in marketing: trends, influential papers and agenda for future research", Spanish Journal of Marketing - ESIC , Vol. 28 No. 2, pp. 187-206. https://doi.org/10.1108/SJME-10-2022-0221

Emerald Publishing Limited

Copyright © 2023, Ricardo Ramos, Paulo Rita and Celeste Vong.

Published in Spanish Journal of Marketing - ESIC. Published by Emerald Publishing Limited. This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) licence. Anyone may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication and authors. The full terms of this licence may be seen at http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/legalcode

1. Introduction

Marketing is vital to all businesses’ survival, long-term growth, development and success ( Czinkota et al. , 2021 ). Generally, the domain of marketing encompasses (1) the identification of marketing opportunities, (2) the creation of competitive advantages, (3) the effective utilization of resources, (4) the communication and delivery of products or services to customers, (5) the creation of value to customers and (6) the satisfaction of customers’ needs profitably ( Simkin, 2000 ).

The evaluation of academic marketing literature has progressively become relevant in recent years ( Das et al. , 2022 ; Hair and Sarstedt, 2021 ). The increasing number of academic publications in marketing varies in different contributions, which made it difficult for scholars to track new trends and find influential manuscripts to advance the body of knowledge. The primary objective of a research publication is to be known and influence others’ work. Nevertheless, the created knowledge is fragmented, and the emergence of new marketing topics is continuously changing the research map of marketing. Moreover, marketing is an applied discipline in that marketing research not only aims to generate scientific knowledge but also to provide insights and knowledge that can be practically used to inform marketing decisions ( Jedidi et al. , 2021 ). In addition, technological advancement has rapidly affected marketing practices and management ( Amado et al. , 2018 ). To address this challenge, this paper aims to map the conceptual structure and the evolution of knowledge to uncover the existing topics, trending areas of interest and future directions.

Despite considerable research efforts in the marketing field, little has been done to review prior research works systematically. Moreover, recent review articles have mainly focused on specific marketing domains or are limited to particular contexts, such as customer experience ( Chauhan et al. , 2022 ), marketing communication ( Domenico et al. , 2021 ), customer engagement ( Chen et al. , 2021 ), consumer behavior ( Oliveira et al. , 2022 ), advertising ( Jebarajakirthy et al. , 2021 ) and product or brand positioning ( Saqib, 2021 ), while context-specific reviews include marketing in emerging markets ( Paul et al. , 2016 ), sustainable marketing ( Lunde, 2018 ), business-to-business marketing ( Pandey et al. , 2020 ), luxury brand marketing ( Arrigo, 2018 ) and tourism marketing ( Han and Bai, 2022 ). The lack of a holistic review of marketing research created a gap in the existing research. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a big picture of the most recent marketing literature. The most recent review work in the same vein was conducted by Morgan et al. (2019) , who evaluated 257 marketing strategy articles published in the six most influential marketing journals during 1999–2017. Nevertheless, given its focus on marketing strategy and limited research sources, it does not provide a comprehensive framework that covers all aspects of the marketing field. To complement the work by Morgan et al. (2019) , this paper conducts a review with a more recent timeframe that focuses on recent trends, patterns and development in the field. The inclusiveness of journals will also enable identifying areas of interest beyond marketing strategy.

What is the knowledge structure of the state-of-the-art most influential academic research in marketing?

What are the current research trends?

What are possible pathways for future research in marketing?

The present work will facilitate the understanding and advancement of theories and knowledge in the field. Also, this paper provides valuable insights into the field’s most relevant and pressing issues and informs where future research efforts should be focused. This will, in turn, improve the practical relevance and usefulness of future research and ensure that research efforts are targeted toward topics that will yield impactful results. Moreover, it offers up-to-date information for marketing researchers.

2. Methodology

This study focuses on characterizing the most influential academic marketing articles published between 2018 and 2022 and discussing the marketing state of the art.

2.1 Search strategy

A search string was applied in the Scopus database to find the most relevant articles for this research ( Ramos et al. , 2019 ). The Scopus database was chosen for the literature review as it is generally considered one of the largest repositories with the most relevant indexed publications and one of the most universally acknowledged bibliographic databases ( Kumar et al. , 2020 ). It is recognized as the most well-organized and of the highest credibility and quality standards, with the most significant global impact and more comprehensive cover ( Muñoz-Leiva et al. , 2015 ; Rojas-Lamorena et al. , 2022 ) and is consistent with previous bibliometric reviews applied in the marketing research setting ( Kumar et al. , 2021 ; Paul and Bhukya, 2021 ). In addition, it follows Donthu et al. (2021) ’s recommendation to select only one database to minimize human errors during analysis. All marketing journals (212) indexed in Scopus were included in the current study. The journal selection takes a rather inclusive approach instead of the sole inclusion of marketing-specific journals, as marketing is a diverse and evolving field not strictly tied to a single-subject field ( Baumgartner and Pieters, 2003 ) but often intersects with other disciplines. For instance, given the rapid advancement of technology and its influence on marketing practices, topics such as information systems or big data are growing in importance and relevance to the marketing literature ( Amado et al. , 2018 ). Accordingly, journals such as the International Journal of Information Management have also contributed significantly to marketing recently ( Veloutsou and Ruiz Mafe, 2020 ). The search was conducted on June 9, 2023.

2.2 Selection process and final data set

The search was conducted in the Scopus database and limited to 2018 to 2022 to obtain state-of-the-art articles. Five years is a reasonable timeframe to capture a discipline’s essence and to conduct a bibliometric analysis ( Borgohain et al. , 2022 ). The collection of articles over five years reflects varied, robust, broad, inclusive and unrelated marketing research interests in the marketing field ( Bettenhausen, 1991 ). The focus on the most recent works permits uncovering the most recent trends without the influence of older topics. Only articles were selected as they represent the most advanced and up-to-date knowledge and are recognized for their academic value ( Rojas-Lamorena et al. , 2022 ). In total, 44,767 articles were collected. To select the most recent influential marketing articles, the top 100 most cited articles were selected. The citation metric acknowledges the impact of the articles ( Donthu et al. , 2021 ) and reflects the impact of scholarly work in subsequent research ( Purkayastha et al. , 2019 ).

In addition, it is recognized as one of the most relevant metrics of academic research ( Dowling, 2014 ). Although assessing the influence of an article based on citation analysis represents a significant limitation because articles may be cited for multiple reasons, citation analysis is considered an objective approach that exhibits less systematic biases for research impact evaluation ( Baumgartner and Pieters, 2003 ). Previous works have used citation metrics for bibliometric analysis. For instance, Law et al. (2009) analyzed the most influential articles published in Tourism journals using citation counts, whereas Brito et al. (2018) identified the areas of interest in football research and listed the articles based on citation frequency. From each article, the following variables were retrieved: authors’ names and keywords, document title, year, source title and citation count. The information was extracted in CSV file format.

2.3 Final data set

The final data set includes 100 articles from 28 journals. The authors’ names were reviewed for normalization purposes as they have different nomenclatures in different articles (e.g. Dwivedi YK vs Dwivedi Y) so that the software understands them as the same.

2.4 Data analysis

The CSV file with the final data set was input for the bibliometric analysis. Data were analyzed using the mapping analysis R-tool bibliometrix ( Aria and Cuccurullo, 2017 ). This package allows different types of analysis, offering an overview of the research field. A bibliometric analysis permits to analyzing the bibliographic material quantitatively, providing an objective and reliable analysis ( Broadus, 1987 ; Sepulcri et al. , 2020 ) and summarizing the existing literature and identifying emerging topics of research ( Hota et al. , 2020 ). The authors’ names and keywords, year of publication, source title and the number of citations were collected from each article. A performance analysis was performed to acknowledge the field’s citation structure, most relevant sources, authors and articles. Then, science mapping analysis through a co-occurrence analysis was performed. The co-occurrence analysis aims to overcome the descriptive nature of the bibliometric analysis, uncovering gaps and research trends ( Palmatier et al. , 2018 ; Quezado et al. , 2022 ). The gaps and research trends led to a future research agenda.

3. Results and discussion

3.1 total citations by year.

As indicated in Table 1 , the 100 articles were cited 41,888 times, an average of 418.88 citations per article. The most contributing years were 2019 and 2020, with 33 published articles yearly. The year with the highest number of citations was 2019, with 14,621 citations, corresponding to 34.90% of the total citations. This record is strongly linked to the work of Snyder (2019) , with 1,872 citations that characterized different types of literature reviews and suggested guidelines on conducting and evaluating business research literature reviews. Due to the increasing number of publications, it is challenging to keep current with state-of-the-art research ( Briner and Denyer, 2012 ). Reviewing the existing research is fundamental for understanding marketing research inconsistencies, gathering and synthesizing previous research and serving as guidance for researchers and practitioners. In addition, literature reviews contribute to identifying potential gaps, suggesting novel research lines and allowing a balanced growth of a research field ( Hulland and Houston, 2020 ).

The year with the highest mean total citations per article and year was 2021 (527.5 and 175.83, respectively). This result is highly associated with Donthu et al. (2021) ’s work, with 1,221 citations, that explained how to develop a bibliometric analysis.

The main difference between a literature review and bibliometric analysis is the focus and the methodological approach. A literature review aims to critically analyze and synthesize existing knowledge under a research topic ( Snyder, 2019 ). In turn, a bibliometric analysis is a specific approach within the field of scientometrics that uses quantitative and statistical methods to analyze the scientific production and articles’ characteristics published in a specific research domain ( Aria and Cuccurullo, 2017 ).

3.2 Most influential articles

Seminal articles in marketing assume an essential role in its development ( Berry and Parasuraman, 1993 ). The number of citations was used to define and measure the impact of the most influential articles. The most cited document (total citation = 1,872) was Snyder’s (2019) work on conducting an overview and suggesting guidelines for conducting a literature review ( Table 2 ). The normalized citation compares an article’s performance to the data set’s average performance ( Bornmann and Marx, 2015 ; Rita and Ramos, 2022 ). Snyder (2019) ’s work has the highest normalized citation index (4.13), revealing its outstanding performance compared with the remaining articles from the data set.

Among the top 10 most cited articles, three are related to PLS-SEM. The partial least squares – structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) is relevant for marketing as it allows to examine of complex relationships between latent variables and manifest variables, permitting a flexible and less restrictive analysis in terms of statistical assumptions than other modeling techniques, such as confirmatory factor analysis and principal component analysis ( Hair et al. , 2020 ). By using PLS-SEM, marketing researchers can explore complex relationships among variables, test research hypotheses, identify the relative importance of different influencers and assess the validity and reliability of the measured variables ( Sarstedt et al. , 2019 ). It is frequently used in research involving the modeling of theoretical constructs, such as customer satisfaction ( Ramos et al. , 2022 ), brand image ( Kunkel et al. , 2020 ) or perceived quality ( Ariffin et al. , 2021 ) research.

Surprisingly, there are no articles from 2018 in the top 10 most cited articles. However, there are two articles published in 2021. One of the papers published in 2021 is the work of Verhoef et al. (2021) , which explores digital transformation and innovation in business models and suggests a research agenda for future studies. Digital transformation and innovation are highly relevant for marketing as it provokes consumer behavior change ( Lemos et al. , 2022 ). In addition, it allows companies to adapt to consumer behavior changes, seize the opportunities for segmentation and personalization, improve communication and engagement and increase operational efficiency ( Muneeb et al. , 2023 ; Zhang et al. , 2022 ).

3.3 Source impact

Table 3 depicts the top 10 most impactful sources of the 100 most influential marketing articles. The intellectual convergence is exhibited based on common sources and referencing patterns ( Donthu et al. , 2021 ), and identifying journals may facilitate future literature search and scientific dissemination.

Among the 28 journals, the International Journal of Information Management (IJIM) contributed the most papers (26 papers), followed by the Journal of Business Research (JBR) (22 papers) and the Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services (JRCS) (6 papers). These journals are all First Quartile journals based on SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) indicator, with an impact factor of 4.906, 2.895 and 2.543, respectively. The IJIM focuses on contemporary issues in information management ( Elsevier, 2023a ). Information management field of research plays a fundamental role in marketing, providing data and insights that guide marketing strategies, improve segmentation and customization, leverage automation marketing, data-driven decision-making and the performance evaluation of marketing initiatives ( Dwivedi et al. , 2020 ). The JBR aims to publish recent business research dealing with the spectrum of actual business practical settings among different business activities ( Elsevier, 2023b ), while the JRCS focuses on consumer behavior and policy and managerial decisions ( Elsevier, 2023c ). The findings indicate the contribution and importance of IJIM to the marketing field, recognizing the relevance of information management. Surprisingly, leading marketing journals listed in the Financial Times 50 ( Ormans, 2016 ), such as the Journal of Consumer Research , Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science and Journal of Marketing , only produced a small number of relevant articles in our data set. This result suggests that their papers may not be as impactful or influential as those published in other outlets. Nevertheless, the quality of the articles published in these outlets reflects the most original and well-executed research, as they have high submission rates. However, their rate of acceptance is very low.

Among the top 10 most productive journals, JBR is the one with the highest number of citations. This result confirms Table 2 ’s results as it lists six articles that were published in this journal ( Donthu et al. , 2021 ; Hair et al. , 2020 ; Sheth, 2020 ; Sigala, 2020 ; Snyder, 2019 ; Verhoef et al. , 2021 ).

3.4 Contributing authors

Key authors are essential to the field’s structure and growth ( Berry and Parasuraman, 1993 ) and positively influence the most impactful articles ( Rojas-Lamorena et al. , 2022 ). Thus, it is imperative to identify them and acknowledge their impact. Between 2018 and 2022, 100 documents were written by 312 different authors.

Table 4 characterizes the top 10 most productive authors among the most influential marketing research articles over the past five years. The authors’ indices were calculated, including h -index, g -index and m -index. The Hirsh index ( h -index) is the proposal to quantify productivity and the journal’s impact considering the number of papers and citations per publication ( Hirsch, 2005 ). The g -index aims to measure the performance of the journals ( Egghe, 2006 ), considering the citation evolution of the most cited papers over time. Furthermore, the m -index, also called the m -quotient, considers the h -index and the time since the first publication ( n ); hence, m -index = h -index/ n ( Halbach, 2011 ).

Professor Dwivedi YK is the most prolific, with seven published articles indicating more than one paper yearly. Although he is placed second as the most cited author (3,361), he has the highest h - (7), g - (7) and m -index (1.17). Professor Dwivedi’s research focuses on digital innovation and technology consumer adoption and the use of information systems and information technology for operation management and supply chain, focusing on emergent markets. Digital innovation and understanding technology consumer adoption allow companies to engage with consumers efficiently and personally ( Alalwan et al. , 2023 ). In addition, information systems and information technology applied in operation management and supply chain permit a higher efficiency and visibility in commercial activities, aiding companies to optimize processes, reduce costs and improve customer care ( Tasnim et al. , 2023 ). Professor Dwivedi is a Professor at the School of Management, Swansea University, UK ( Swansea, 2023 ). The second most productive author is Hair JF, and Hughes DL, with five articles each. Professor Hair JF is the most cited author in the list of the most productive authors. This record is highly associated with the work “Assessing measurement model quality in PLS-SEM using confirmatory composite analysis” ( Hair et al. , 2020 ), with 1,103 citations. Multiple papers gather authors from the list. For instance, the article “Artificial Intelligence (AI): Multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging challenges, opportunities, and agenda for research, practice and policy” ( Dwivedi et al. , 2021 ) was co-authored by Professors Dwivedi YK and Hughes DL. This paper has 637 citations and addresses the transformative power that artificial intelligence (AI) may have for the automation and replacement of human tasks, highlighting opportunities, challenges and impacts. AI plays a fundamental role in marketing, permitting advanced personalization, task automation, advanced data analysis, campaign optimization and improved customer experience, leading to personalized experiences and better marketing results ( Duan et al. , 2019 ; Dwivedi et al. , 2021 ).

Fractionalized frequency displays the multiauthored articles. This analysis is relevant to understand how researchers interact with each other ( Rojas-Lamorena et al. , 2022 ). A credit is attributed to each author, depending on the number of co-authors. If a paper has two authors, each receives a half-point. If a paper has three authors, each receives a third of a point, and so on ( Cuccurullo et al. , 2016 ). Professor Hughes DL has the lowest score (0.57) on the five most productive authors list, suggesting a strong relationship with colleagues through co-authorship based on shared interests.

3.5 Co-occurrence analysis

Figure 1 presents the authors’ keywords co-occurrence analysis and reflects the relationship between the keywords and the data set ( Wang et al. , 2012 ). Co-occurrence analysis aims to establish relationships and map the conceptual structure of the most influential marketing academic articles and reveal current research trends ( Eduardsen and Marinova, 2020 ). The thicker the lies among each cluster, the stronger the connection between the keywords. The size of each edge indicates the occurrence frequency. Thematic map displays the top 50 keywords and a minimum of 5 clusters. The thematic map shows six clusters, of which two are with the largest nodes, including AI (brown) and Covid-19 (blue). However, clusters with smaller nodes are bibliometric analysis (red), social media (purple), blockchain (green) and customer engagement (orange).

The brown cluster suggests a topic under AI technology. The cluster’s keywords highlight an interconnection and application of AI, machine learning and cognitive computing in the marketing research field. Deep learning, natural language processing and machine learning make part of a broader spectrum of AI ( Verma et al. , 2021 ). Cognitive computing refers to the capacity of computer systems to mimic human capacity to process information, learn and make decisions ( Duan et al. , 2019 ). These technologies handle big data efficiently, predict consumer behavior and support decision-making in actionable insights, transforming marketing strategies ( Blanco-Moreno et al. , 2023 ; Dwivedi et al. , 2021 ).

The blue cluster reflects the pandemic that affected the globe between 2020 and 2023 ( United Nations, 2023 ). This cluster reveals a close relationship between the Covid-19 pandemic and consumer behavior ( Sheth, 2020 ). The interest in understanding the attitudes and consumers’ decision-making is highly relevant for future pandemics ( Pereira et al. , 2023 ). In addition, the pandemic brought social and industry challenges that deserve academic attention ( Dwivedi et al. , 2020 ; Muneeb et al. , 2023 ). This cluster also addresses overconsumption driven by impulsive behavior promoted by the pandemic ( Islam et al. , 2021 ; Marikyan et al. , 2023 ). This cluster suggests insights on how companies can adequately develop marketing strategies to face the pandemic challenges and effectively respond to health crises.

The red cluster reveals a direct connection between bibliometric analysis and scientific assessment. The bibliometric analysis is applied to reveal research patterns and knowledge structure and access the scientific production impact ( Ramos and Rita, 2023 ). The use of bibliographic coupling, co-occurrence analysis and the Scopus database supplies the data set for the identification of relationships and patterns within the literature ( Donthu et al. , 2021 ), summarizing the existing literature and identifying emerging topics of research ( Hota et al. , 2020 ).

The purple cluster highlights the terms social media and marketing. The keyword social media highlights the role of platforms, such as Instagram or TikTok, for advertising ( Alalwan, 2018 ), understanding the role of influencers ( Lou and Yuan, 2019 ), and for co-creation in brand communities ( Kamboj et al. , 2018 ), influencer marketing. Social media platforms are fundamental for any communication strategy as they connect with the audience, create engagement and awareness and promote products and services ( Lou and Yuan, 2019 ). The strategic use of social media in marketing is fundamental for companies to establish an effective presence and build long-lasting relationships.

The orange cluster suggests a relationship between live streaming and customer engagement ( Wongkitrungrueng and Assarut, 2020 ). This interconnection suggests that live streaming can be an effective channel for developing social commerce, influencing purchase intentions ( Sun et al. , 2019 ). Real-time and direct interaction with customers promote greater involvement and improve customer experience.

The green cluster suggests a focus on applying blockchain technology in information systems. Blockchain is a decentralized and immutable technology for transaction registers studied in the supply chain context ( Min, 2019 ). It has a significant potential to transform data management ( Lemos et al. , 2022 ).

4. Conclusions and future research agenda

This study represents a map of the conceptual structure and evolution of the state-of-the-art scientific literature published in marketing journals to identify the areas of interest and potential future research directions. This review aimed to (1) acknowledge the structure of the state-of-the-art most influential academic marketing research, (2) identify current research trends and (3) suggest future research prospects.

4.1 RQ1: knowledge structure

Regarding RQ1, the most cited article among the top 100 between 2018 and 2022 was the work of Snyder (2019) , with 1,872 citations, followed by the work of Donthu et al. (2021) , with 1,221. The years 2019 and 2020 were those that most contributed to the top 100 most cited, with 33 articles each. Accordingly, these years had the most citations, 14,621 and 13,692, respectively. The IJIM was the source with the highest number of articles published from our data set ( n = 26). However, the JBR, with 22 published articles, was the journal with the highest citations ( n = 12,265). Every journal from the top 10 prolific sources is ranked in Scopus (SJR) as Q1. Professor Dwivedi YK was the most prolific author, with seven articles published, followed by Professors Hair JF and Hughes DL, with five articles each. Although placed second on the most productive authors list, the most cited author was Professor Hair JF, with 3,615 articles.

4.2 RQ2: current research trends

As for RQ2, this bibliometric analysis allowed us to identify current research trends through the co-occurrence analysis. Since a comprehensive future research agenda stimulates researchers to continue their research efforts ( Hulland and Houston, 2020 ), we suggest marketing future research questions to gain a deeper knowledge of current research trends ( Table 5 ).

Although AI has existed for over six decades ( Duan et al. , 2019 ), the development of supercomputers that analyze big data led to the exponential use of this technology. Its application in marketing varies and includes trend and prediction analysis, chatbots and marketing automation. However, particularly for data analysis, multiple research questions are yet to be answered ( Dwivedi et al. , 2021 ). Grounded on the AI (brown) cluster, it would be interesting to uncover different uses of AI to improve big data analysis.

The Covid-19 pandemic disrupted global habits ( Sheth, 2020 ). New habits emerged, changing the industry landscape in multiple dimensions, such as consumer, leisure and work behavior. Although multiple studies were published regarding the topic, much is yet to be uncovered. The effects of this pandemic are yet to be fully acknowledged, demanding future studies to comprehend the permanent changes in society ( Islam et al. , 2021 ). In addition, uncovering the best-implemented industry marketing strategies can be helpful, as it is inevitable that new pandemics occur in the future ( Pereira et al. , 2023 ).

Bibliometric analyses map and summarize existent research, extending the global understanding of a research topic and increasing the quality and success of scholarly work ( Donthu et al. , 2021 ). However, the analysis is mainly descriptive ( Ramos and Rita, 2023 ). Combining bibliometric analysis with other methods may enhance the results, leading to an advancement in using such an approach.

Social media is broadly used for marketing-related activities. Through social media platforms, it is possible to build brand image, generate leads for the company’s website, analyze and monitor data, or be an influencer marketer ( Alalwan, 2018 ; Lou and Yuan, 2019 ). Nevertheless, the implementation of gamification techniques ( Bhutani and Behl, 2023 ; Wanick and Stallwood, 2023 ), privacy concerns ( Saura et al. , 2023 ) and collective decision-making ( Dambanemuya et al. , 2023 ) are issues that deserve the attention of researchers.

Livestreaming captured the attention of digital retailing marketers in recent years and significantly changed social interaction. However, different types of live streaming exist, such as webinars, game streaming, corporate streaming, vlogs or personalized content, and can be used in different industries ( Zhang et al. , 2023 ). Investigating the influence of live streaming on consumer engagement may enhance understanding of its relevance for the industry and improve marketing effectiveness ( Wongkitrungrueng and Assarut, 2020 ).

Blockchain technology allows tracing and enhances transaction transparency, creating authenticity certificates to prevent fraud or loyalty programs to build customers’ loyalty and trust ( Lemos et al. , 2022 ). Despite several studies being conducted to understand the impact of this technology on marketing ( Marthews and Tucker, 2023 ; Tan and Salo, 2023 ), there is much to be learned and questions unanswered.

4.3 RQ3: future research agenda

Based on the comprehensive bibliometric analysis findings, potential directions for future research are presented ( Table 6 ). Topics surrounding data-driven marketing are particularly relevant ( Zhang et al. , 2022 ) due to the data abundance and technological advances, and they have the potential to be further developed. For instance, issues arising from adopting AI to uncover hidden patterns in big data or integrating data from different sectors or industries to understand consumer behavior are yet to be understood. In addition, environmental sustainability is highly relevant due to the increasing customers’ awareness of the topic and its influence on developing marketing strategies ( Jung et al. , 2020 ). However, multiple questions are yet to be answered. In particular, the influence of gamification techniques to promote positive, environmentally sustainable consumer behavior and how emerging technologies influence the customers’ perception of sustainable products. Mass personalization allows consumers to customize product features ( Qin and Lu, 2021 ). This topic is highly relevant to the industry and underexplored in marketing. For instance, how can mass personalization be efficiently implemented in highly productive industries? Or how can emerging technologies improve mass personalization programs? Finally, the wearable technologies market is exponentially growing and is increasingly essential to consumer behavior ( Ferreira et al. , 2021 ).

5. Conclusions and limitations

Through the bibliometric analysis of the 100 most influential marketing papers published between 2018 and 2022, this review presents potential directions for knowledge advancement and comprehensive information to facilitate future literature search ( Boell and Cecez-Kecmanovic, 2014 ) by identifying the current research focus, conceptual structure and trends in the marketing field. In addition, this review contributes to practice by identifying the most influential articles for the marketing scientific community interested in gaining scientific insights. Meanwhile, the important role of emerging technologies and the shift of marketing toward a more data-driven approach will have significant practical implications for marketers.

This work has limitations that need to be stated. First, data were limited to Scopus database and restrained to indexed marketing journals. However, it is essential to note that all scientific databases have limitations. Second, to select the most influential marketing documents, the only criterion was on a commonly used metric – the number of citations. Although citation metrics are commonly used, they may incorrectly demonstrate the quality of the work. There are multiple reasons for a work to be cited ( Vogel and Güttel, 2012 ), such as a journal’s prestige or factors related to the methods ( Hota et al. , 2020 ). The Mathew effect phenomenon also exists in science ( García-Lillo et al. , 2017 ). Third, articles take time to be cited. This means that the most recent articles from our data set may have fewer citations, but it does not mean that their quality is poorer. Fourth, to select the most influential marketing articles, every journal under the subject area “Business, Management and Accounting” and category “Marketing” were selected. However, there are journals listed in other subject areas and categories. Nevertheless, the data set may still provide significant insight into the marketing field.

Thematic map based on the authors’ keywords co-occurrence

Top 100 most cited articles structure

Year TC* Mean TC* per article Mean TC* per year Citable years
2018 26 9,015 346.73 57.79 6
2019 33 14,621 453.36 90.67 5
2020 33 13,692 414.91 103.73 4
2021 8 4,220 527.5 175.83 3
2022 0 0 0 0 2
Total 100 41,888 418.88 69.81
Note:
Document Title TC Average TC per year Normalized TC
Literature review as a research methodology: an overview and guidelines 1,872 374.40 4.13
(2021) How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: an overview and guidelines 1,221 407.00 2.31
(2020) Assessing measurement model quality in PLS-SEM using confirmatory composite analysis 1,103 275.75 2.66
Tourism and COVID-19: impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research 977 244.25 2.35
(2019) Predictive model assessment in PLS-SEM: guidelines for using PLSpredict 913 182.60 2.01
(2021) Digital transformation: a multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda. 758 252.67 1.44
(2019) How to specify, estimate, and validate higher-order constructs in PLS-SEM 728 145.60 1.61
(2019) Artificial intelligence for decision making in the era of big data – evolution, challenges and research agenda 724 144.80 1.60
Impact of covid-19 on consumer behavior: will the old habits return or die? 716 179.00 1.73
The rise of motivational information systems: a review of gamification research 639 127.80 1.41

Source impact

Journal No. of articles Scopus quartile SJR TC
26 Q1 4.91 10,008
22 Q1 2.90 12,265
6 Q1 2.54 1,875
4 Q1 3.43 1,376
4 Q1 2.48 1,706
4 Q1 6.02 1,220
4 Q1 6.25 1,850
3 Q1 1.63 1,769
3 Q1 2.66 984
3 Q1 10.8 1,120
Notes:
Authors Topical focus No. of articles Fractionalized frequency Total citations -Index -Index -Index
Dwivedi YK Digital innovation 7 1.16 3,361 7 7 1.17
Hair JF Multivariate analysis 5 1.18 3,615 5 5 0.83
Hughes DL Artificial intelligence 5 0.57 2,305 5 5 1.00
Ringle CM Data and business analytics 4 0.84 2,512 4 4 0.67
Sarstedt M Structural equation modeling 4 0.84 2,512 4 4 0.67

Co-occurrence topics and future research avenues

Current research trends Future research questions
Brown cluster – AI (e.g. , 2019; , 2020; , 2021)
Blue cluster – Covid-19 (e.g. ; ; , 2021)
Red cluster – bibliometric analysis (e.g. , 2018; ; , 2021)
Purple cluster – social media (e.g. ; , 2018; )
Orange cluster – live streaming (e.g. , 2019; )
Green cluster – Blockchain (e.g. , 2018; ; )
Note:
Potential research gaps Future research questions
Data-driven marketing: to explore the potential of data-driven marketing by leveraging deep learning, AI and IoT technologies to enhance marketing practices, optimize customer targeting and improve overall business performance in the digital era
Environmental sustainability: to investigate the potential of using neuromarketing techniques, gamification and mixed reality to promote sustainable consumption practices
Mass personalization: to investigate how personalization of customers’ experiences can be enhanced and implemented responsibly and ethically
Wearable technology: to investigate how wearable technologies can foster deeper connections between consumers and brands

IoT = Internet of things

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Acknowledgements

Paulo Rita’s work was supported by national funds through FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia), under the project – UIDB/04152/2020 – Centro de Investigação em Gestão de Informação (MagIC)/NOVA IMS.

Since submission of this article, the following authors have updated their affiliations: Ricardo Ramos is at Technology and Management School of Oliveira do Hospital, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Oliveira do Hospital, Portugal; ISTAR, Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), Lisboa, Portugal; Centre Bio R&D Unit, Association BLC3 – Tecnology and Innovation Campus, Oliveira do Hospital, Portugal; Paulo Rita is at NOVA Information Management School (NOVA IMS), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal; and Celeste Vong is at NOVA Information Management School (NOVA IMS), Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.

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Journal of Marketing Research

marketing research journal articles

Subject Area and Category

American Marketing Association

Publication type

00222437, 15477193

1968, 1995-2023

Information

How to publish in this journal

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marketing research journal articles

The set of journals have been ranked according to their SJR and divided into four equal groups, four quartiles. Q1 (green) comprises the quarter of the journals with the highest values, Q2 (yellow) the second highest values, Q3 (orange) the third highest values and Q4 (red) the lowest values.

CategoryYearQuartile
Business and International Management1999Q1
Business and International Management2000Q1
Business and International Management2001Q1
Business and International Management2002Q1
Business and International Management2003Q1
Business and International Management2004Q1
Business and International Management2005Q1
Business and International Management2006Q1
Business and International Management2007Q1
Business and International Management2008Q1
Business and International Management2009Q1
Business and International Management2010Q1
Business and International Management2011Q1
Business and International Management2012Q1
Business and International Management2013Q1
Business and International Management2014Q1
Business and International Management2015Q1
Business and International Management2016Q1
Business and International Management2017Q1
Business and International Management2018Q1
Business and International Management2019Q1
Business and International Management2020Q1
Business and International Management2021Q1
Business and International Management2022Q1
Business and International Management2023Q1
Economics and Econometrics1999Q1
Economics and Econometrics2000Q1
Economics and Econometrics2001Q1
Economics and Econometrics2002Q1
Economics and Econometrics2003Q1
Economics and Econometrics2004Q1
Economics and Econometrics2005Q1
Economics and Econometrics2006Q1
Economics and Econometrics2007Q1
Economics and Econometrics2008Q1
Economics and Econometrics2009Q1
Economics and Econometrics2010Q1
Economics and Econometrics2011Q1
Economics and Econometrics2012Q1
Economics and Econometrics2013Q1
Economics and Econometrics2014Q1
Economics and Econometrics2015Q1
Economics and Econometrics2016Q1
Economics and Econometrics2017Q1
Economics and Econometrics2018Q1
Economics and Econometrics2019Q1
Economics and Econometrics2020Q1
Economics and Econometrics2021Q1
Economics and Econometrics2022Q1
Economics and Econometrics2023Q1
Marketing1999Q1
Marketing2000Q1
Marketing2001Q1
Marketing2002Q1
Marketing2003Q1
Marketing2004Q1
Marketing2005Q1
Marketing2006Q1
Marketing2007Q1
Marketing2008Q1
Marketing2009Q1
Marketing2010Q1
Marketing2011Q1
Marketing2012Q1
Marketing2013Q1
Marketing2014Q1
Marketing2015Q1
Marketing2016Q1
Marketing2017Q1
Marketing2018Q1
Marketing2019Q1
Marketing2020Q1
Marketing2021Q1
Marketing2022Q1
Marketing2023Q1

The SJR is a size-independent prestige indicator that ranks journals by their 'average prestige per article'. It is based on the idea that 'all citations are not created equal'. SJR is a measure of scientific influence of journals that accounts for both the number of citations received by a journal and the importance or prestige of the journals where such citations come from It measures the scientific influence of the average article in a journal, it expresses how central to the global scientific discussion an average article of the journal is.

YearSJR
19993.380
20003.132
20013.565
20025.712
20035.399
20045.405
20054.599
20063.517
20073.767
20085.054
20094.467
20104.456
20115.211
20124.949
20136.449
20145.450
20155.911
20166.486
20177.819
20186.895
20197.325
20206.321
20215.372
20227.415
20235.984

Evolution of the number of published documents. All types of documents are considered, including citable and non citable documents.

YearDocuments
199978
200039
200141
200237
200335
200442
200556
200661
200758
200859
200979
201091
201192
201271
201352
201466
201558
201667
201764
201860
201960
202060
202160
202271
202377

This indicator counts the number of citations received by documents from a journal and divides them by the total number of documents published in that journal. The chart shows the evolution of the average number of times documents published in a journal in the past two, three and four years have been cited in the current year. The two years line is equivalent to journal impact factor ™ (Thomson Reuters) metric.

Cites per documentYearValue
Cites / Doc. (4 years)19991.614
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20001.543
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20011.906
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20022.462
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20033.138
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20044.099
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20054.568
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20063.629
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20073.567
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20084.300
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20095.120
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20104.899
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20114.390
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20124.495
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20134.691
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20145.379
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20155.762
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20165.895
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20176.313
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20186.122
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20197.048
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20207.610
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20217.398
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20228.167
Cites / Doc. (4 years)20239.610
Cites / Doc. (3 years)19991.614
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20001.510
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20011.685
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20022.728
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20033.179
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20043.796
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20053.553
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20063.391
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20072.969
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20083.789
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20094.876
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20104.189
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20113.803
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20123.927
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20134.638
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20144.684
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20154.799
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20164.960
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20175.723
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20185.646
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20196.764
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20206.772
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20215.994
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20228.083
Cites / Doc. (3 years)20237.503
Cites / Doc. (2 years)19991.640
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20001.057
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20011.675
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20022.525
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20032.962
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20042.819
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20053.026
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20062.837
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20072.444
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20083.336
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20094.162
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20103.275
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20113.071
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20123.475
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20133.798
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20143.488
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20153.619
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20164.355
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20174.800
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20185.031
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20195.742
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20204.433
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20215.650
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20225.800
Cites / Doc. (2 years)20236.115

Evolution of the total number of citations and journal's self-citations received by a journal's published documents during the three previous years. Journal Self-citation is defined as the number of citation from a journal citing article to articles published by the same journal.

CitesYearValue
Self Cites199985
Self Cites200029
Self Cites200123
Self Cites200228
Self Cites200336
Self Cites200444
Self Cites200551
Self Cites200643
Self Cites200728
Self Cites200847
Self Cites200942
Self Cites201076
Self Cites201175
Self Cites201272
Self Cites201374
Self Cites201450
Self Cites201536
Self Cites201643
Self Cites201753
Self Cites201838
Self Cites201950
Self Cites202051
Self Cites202150
Self Cites202273
Self Cites202362
Total Cites1999376
Total Cites2000361
Total Cites2001332
Total Cites2002431
Total Cites2003372
Total Cites2004429
Total Cites2005405
Total Cites2006451
Total Cites2007472
Total Cites2008663
Total Cites2009868
Total Cites2010821
Total Cites2011871
Total Cites20121029
Total Cites20131178
Total Cites20141007
Total Cites2015907
Total Cites2016873
Total Cites20171093
Total Cites20181067
Total Cites20191292
Total Cites20201246
Total Cites20211079
Total Cites20221455
Total Cites20231433

Evolution of the number of total citation per document and external citation per document (i.e. journal self-citations removed) received by a journal's published documents during the three previous years. External citations are calculated by subtracting the number of self-citations from the total number of citations received by the journal’s documents.

CitesYearValue
External Cites per document19991.249
External Cites per document20001.389
External Cites per document20011.569
External Cites per document20022.551
External Cites per document20032.872
External Cites per document20043.407
External Cites per document20053.105
External Cites per document20063.068
External Cites per document20072.792
External Cites per document20083.520
External Cites per document20094.640
External Cites per document20103.801
External Cites per document20113.476
External Cites per document20123.653
External Cites per document20134.346
External Cites per document20144.451
External Cites per document20154.608
External Cites per document20164.716
External Cites per document20175.445
External Cites per document20185.444
External Cites per document20196.503
External Cites per document20206.495
External Cites per document20215.717
External Cites per document20227.678
External Cites per document20237.178
Cites per document19991.614
Cites per document20001.510
Cites per document20011.685
Cites per document20022.728
Cites per document20033.179
Cites per document20043.796
Cites per document20053.553
Cites per document20063.391
Cites per document20072.969
Cites per document20083.789
Cites per document20094.876
Cites per document20104.189
Cites per document20113.803
Cites per document20123.927
Cites per document20134.638
Cites per document20144.684
Cites per document20154.799
Cites per document20164.960
Cites per document20175.723
Cites per document20185.646
Cites per document20196.764
Cites per document20206.772
Cites per document20215.994
Cites per document20228.083
Cites per document20237.503

International Collaboration accounts for the articles that have been produced by researchers from several countries. The chart shows the ratio of a journal's documents signed by researchers from more than one country; that is including more than one country address.

YearInternational Collaboration
19998.97
20002.56
20012.44
20020.00
200317.14
200423.81
200532.14
200624.59
200737.93
200838.98
200930.38
201040.66
201138.04
201236.62
201334.62
201422.73
201541.38
201640.30
201745.31
201835.00
20195.00
20205.00
20213.33
202215.49
20236.49

Not every article in a journal is considered primary research and therefore "citable", this chart shows the ratio of a journal's articles including substantial research (research articles, conference papers and reviews) in three year windows vs. those documents other than research articles, reviews and conference papers.

DocumentsYearValue
Non-citable documents19995
Non-citable documents20006
Non-citable documents20014
Non-citable documents20021
Non-citable documents20030
Non-citable documents20040
Non-citable documents20051
Non-citable documents20062
Non-citable documents20073
Non-citable documents20083
Non-citable documents20095
Non-citable documents201019
Non-citable documents201119
Non-citable documents201216
Non-citable documents20132
Non-citable documents20142
Non-citable documents20153
Non-citable documents20163
Non-citable documents20172
Non-citable documents20182
Non-citable documents20191
Non-citable documents20201
Non-citable documents20212
Non-citable documents20223
Non-citable documents20234
Citable documents1999228
Citable documents2000233
Citable documents2001193
Citable documents2002157
Citable documents2003117
Citable documents2004113
Citable documents2005113
Citable documents2006131
Citable documents2007156
Citable documents2008172
Citable documents2009173
Citable documents2010177
Citable documents2011210
Citable documents2012246
Citable documents2013252
Citable documents2014213
Citable documents2015186
Citable documents2016173
Citable documents2017189
Citable documents2018187
Citable documents2019190
Citable documents2020183
Citable documents2021178
Citable documents2022177
Citable documents2023187

Ratio of a journal's items, grouped in three years windows, that have been cited at least once vs. those not cited during the following year.

DocumentsYearValue
Uncited documents1999108
Uncited documents2000140
Uncited documents200197
Uncited documents200257
Uncited documents200323
Uncited documents200415
Uncited documents200518
Uncited documents200629
Uncited documents200742
Uncited documents200833
Uncited documents200928
Uncited documents201045
Uncited documents201150
Uncited documents201239
Uncited documents201327
Uncited documents201428
Uncited documents201530
Uncited documents201640
Uncited documents201723
Uncited documents201819
Uncited documents201915
Uncited documents202015
Uncited documents202118
Uncited documents20228
Uncited documents202315
Cited documents1999125
Cited documents200099
Cited documents2001100
Cited documents2002101
Cited documents200394
Cited documents200498
Cited documents200596
Cited documents2006104
Cited documents2007117
Cited documents2008142
Cited documents2009150
Cited documents2010151
Cited documents2011179
Cited documents2012223
Cited documents2013227
Cited documents2014187
Cited documents2015159
Cited documents2016136
Cited documents2017168
Cited documents2018170
Cited documents2019176
Cited documents2020169
Cited documents2021162
Cited documents2022172
Cited documents2023176

Evolution of the percentage of female authors.

YearFemale Percent
199931.71
20006.74
200118.52
200227.63
200321.92
200420.25
200523.96
200630.23
200723.97
200827.07
200929.11
201029.13
201125.12
201235.84
201329.69
201429.79
201529.80
201633.94
201737.13
201834.18
201924.22
202033.33
202133.77
202236.79
202338.33

Evolution of the number of documents cited by public policy documents according to Overton database.

DocumentsYearValue
Overton199922
Overton200017
Overton200115
Overton200219
Overton200315
Overton20049
Overton200518
Overton200621
Overton200716
Overton200813
Overton200924
Overton201033
Overton201126
Overton201230
Overton201314
Overton201422
Overton201514
Overton201621
Overton201714
Overton201812
Overton20197
Overton202012
Overton20216
Overton20228
Overton20232

Evoution of the number of documents related to Sustainable Development Goals defined by United Nations. Available from 2018 onwards.

DocumentsYearValue
SDG20183
SDG20194
SDG20202
SDG20219
SDG20229
SDG202310

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Reimagining marketing strategy: driving the debate on grand challenges

Ko de ruyter.

1 King’s College, London, London, UK

Debbie Isobel Keeling

2 University of Sussex, Brighton, UK

Kirk Plangger

Matteo montecchi, maura l. scott.

3 Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL USA

Darren W. Dahl

4 University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

Associated Data

A little less conversation….

A little more action, please. There is no record of Elvis Presley's views on responsible marketing, but his 1968 song, “A Little Less Conversation,” could have been written as a reflection on the global marketing community’s current progress in transforming our field. At the United Nations (UN) General Assembly in 2015, the leaders of 193 nations adopted an ambitious set of 17 global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) combatting poverty, inequality, and discrimination. Since then, it has been an imperative for organizations to reimagine their marketing strategy with an eye towards global impact. This is not only a matter of international policy; important shifts in stakeholder views on responsible marketing are also starting to emerge. For example, supply chain partners and end-customers across many industries are increasingly interested in end-of-life cycle initiatives, product-emission rates, product provenance, and transparency of production. These stakeholders are steadily demanding more environmentally-friendly packaging and lower carbon footprints. Further, stakeholders expect human dignity to be respected along this process. Consequently, long-term supply chain strategies are being redefined to acknowledge climate change and human rights issues in strategy formulation and execution.

In turn, marketing scholars have increasingly become concerned with responsible marketing, and although these issues have not always been the focus of our scholarship, it is evident from current work that they are now. There is a growing, rich conversation involving notions of responsibility within marketing in the current scholarship base. The past decade has witnessed an expansion of concepts and empirical evidence regarding the challenges of environmental sustainability, social responsibility, (mental) health and social care, wealth disparities and poverty, nationalism and its impact on global trade, identity loss, and a wide array of unintended consequences of digitization (Hensen et al., 2016 ). As an academic marketing community we are well-placed to lead on relevant change across the social, economic, environmental, and political landscapes; doing so will provide further opportunities for novel contributions to marketing strategy knowledge. Moreover, there is a wider call for societal and political action through purposeful engagement with the world’s grand challenges, thereby inspiring scholars and industry to work together as partners to reimagine the very definition of effective marketing strategy.

Key to successfully transforming marketing strategy is the creation of forward-looking intellectual frameworks, which can serve as springboards for future research that can inform creative and critical scholarship and practice. At this point, marketing scholars are primed to develop sustainable solutions by aligning the interests of principal stakeholders, not just shareholders, and by balancing longer-term and shorter-term benefits. The conversation about reimagining marketing strategy started with a fundamental and paradigmatic shift away from the discipline’s earlier focus on agency and transaction costs. A fruitful lens through which to continue this conversation is the emerging theorizing on stewardship (c.f., Mick et al., 2012 ), which can simultaneously be aligned with sustaining contributions to (or even reimagining) the bottom-line. Furthermore, and in the spirit of stewardship thinking, we recognize that the strength of extant marketing scholarship lies in its knowledge exchange and co-creation with stakeholders. This collaborative approach during the various stages of research design and execution can, and does, bring about meaningful change. It also involves consideration of the interplay between customers/consumers, firms, governmental policies, and society.

We begin by introducing the notion of stewardship as a basis for identifying three complementary principles to guide the continued transformation of marketing strategy (i.e., becoming responsible, respectful, and resilient), which we discuss and integrate with the 17 UN SDGs ( https://sdgs.un.org/goals ). Importantly, we argue that the application of these principles to the grand challenges faced by society today will be an effective way to frame marketing investigations and achieve substantive contributions that meet these challenges. Subsequently, we take stock of the current marketing scholarship through the lens of these three principles by applying them directly to the results of a bibliometric analysis of the marketing literature. We conclude by reflecting on the opportunities for academic practice in marketing with respect to meeting the grand challenges that the world faces.

Responsible, resilient, and respectful principles

Central to stewardship theory is recognizing the importance of balancing personal goals with goals of a larger entity (Hernandez, 2008 ). We feel that stewardship provides a robust basis for reimagining marketing strategy for three reasons. First, if individuals are to assume responsibility to support the greater good, they do so based on the development of an ideological and relational commitment. There is an opportunity for marketing scholars to both identify business practices that can promote collective solutions that benefit both society and the firm, and also quantify benefits to firms and customers of taking a broader collective focus in business practices. This may encourage managers and decision-makers to strive for equilibrium between personal and collective interests. For example, how a store manager values collective welfare (e.g., environmental responsibility) can inspire sales associates to engage in selling green products while managing their sales targets, or can shape how novel product attributes, such as recyclability, biodegradability, and ethical sourcing, can best be promoted. Second, the notion of stewardship implies that people may not fully realize the longer-term consequences of near-term actions. Marketing research on self-control and self-regulation can offer insights into the trade-offs between near-term actions and longer-term consequences of such decisions. This underlines marketing’s unique capacity to conceive solutions that are both resilient and sustainable to collective interests across time; this could involve intergenerational product positioning, and potentially influence environmentally-friendly behaviors across different stakeholders. Third, stewardship affords an equitable distribution of rewards, which indicates the integrity and respect of a shared value approach to contributors to economic and social activity. Marketing’s deep understanding of value can inform facilitation of shared value(s) between stakeholders in multiple domains. This is, perhaps, particularly the case in complex services, which are often characterized by complex power, knowledge, and experiential asymmetries (Keeling et al., 2021 ). Based on this foundation from the stewardship literature, we identify three principles to guide the transformation of marketing strategy in becoming increasingly responsible , resilient, and respectful .

The Responsible principle requires giving voice to all marketing stakeholders for a shared vision of what constitutes a well-balanced and sustainable offering. This principle can be advanced by being approached in a manner that is mutually beneficial to other long-term organizational goals, especially when these offerings challenge conventional thinking or center on short-term benefits. For example, marketing scholars can collaborate with organizations to understand how service firms can adapt to support refugees, and how novel approaches can also strengthen relationships with existing customers. This approach requires extending the focus of scholarly marketing research to include themes that are traditionally not considered to be ‘marketing’, as well as articulating social benefits alongside economic ones. For example, marketing scholarship can make a substantive contribution to public health policy by addressing such issues as how to combat stigmatization in mental health campaigns and how to heighten engagement in health communities among stigmatized patients. Conversely, it also involves taking a fresh look at traditional topics of academic inquiry and revisiting them with a responsibility perspective, in which balancing the needs of individuals and societal concerns are in fact key priorities of the organization. For example, the Responsible Research in Business and Management network encourages research that aligns with this principle ( www.rrbm.network ). Thus, marketing scholarship can help to advance UN SDGs, such as promoting good health and wellbeing (SDG 3), and responsible consumption and production (SDG 12).

The Resilient principle is based on continuous improvement through self and group reflections. Here, the focus is on ensuring and enculturating operational effectiveness and sustainability. This is achieved through establishing world class infrastructure and supply chains, and appropriately harnessing innovation and entrepreneurship. The Covid-19 crisis has exposed the vulnerability of international supply chains, as well as cash and information flows; firms need to develop resilience strategies to deal with this moving forward. Firms are currently revisiting their (ethical) sourcing and procuring (e.g., support of local suppliers), and manufacturing and contactless delivering systems (e.g., Amazon’s last mile concept) to fulfil the changing needs of channel partners and end-consumers. Furthermore, the pandemic-driven surge in peer-to-peer home delivery services (e.g., Instacart, UberEats) has introduced novel dilemmas for firms in terms of product safety, brand management and uniformity, and developing a sustainable workforce. Resilience could also be viewed in terms of marketing’s contribution to alleviating poverty and addressing potential issues associated with climate change, natural resource sustainability, and social instability.

The Respectful principle focuses on enabling different levels of aspiration within a fair society. Equality, diversity, and social inclusion underpin this principle to ensure that vulnerable, disadvantaged, and previously marginalized communities are empowered to make their own meaningful contributions in marketplaces. Mars (a manufacturer of confectionery, pet food, and other food products) revised its advertising code based on the principle of respect, pledging to facilitate casting that ‘ reflects the true diversity of the consumer base that we sell to, as determined by gender, race, sexuality, age, ability, class’ and to portray people as ‘empowered actors and full personalities, rather than using stereotypes ’ (Whiteside, 2021 ). There is a plethora of research themes stemming from the respectful principle, such as implicit gender bias in conversational AI-agents, and rebranding and advertising in times of increased social-political movements (e.g., MeToo, Black Lives Matter). Conversely, uncovering research themes from cases like The Wine Noire, an African American women-owned wine collective organized around an equitable and sustainable supply chain and logistic services for female winemakers and winemakers of color, might inform an agenda of research action.

Mapping the conversation

To further the discussion of the Responsible, Resilient, and Respectful principles, we illustrate current scholarly conversations using a bibliometric approach. This approach organizes the literature by identifying important contributors, contributions, and knowledge structures (Zupic & Čater, 2015 ). Informed by past JAMS editorials, four authors debated and selected keywords relevant to the three principles. 1 We used this curated set of keywords to identify and select articles published in the six leading marketing journals listed in the FT 50 journal ranking. 2 An initial search and article extraction performed on Scopus ( www.scopus.com ) resulted in a sample of 536 articles. We examined each article’s title, keywords, and abstract to determine its relevance to the three principles and retained a final sample of 254 articles.

Annual scientific production (in terms of publications) in our sample has increased substantially over the period considered (1973 to May 2021), exhibiting a compound annual growth of 6.12%. The first production peak is in 1997 with nine articles that broadly examine pro-environmental and pro-social marketing strategies, as well as the impact of these strategies on consumers’ perceptions of firms. The annual scholarly outputs have grown steadily every year since 2011, as evidenced by the 18 articles already published by May 2021. Among the six leading marketing journals we selected, the Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science dominates this literature domain (86 articles), followed by the Journal of Marketing (57 articles) and the Journal of Consumer Psychology (51 articles). We assessed authors’ influence by examining the total number of articles published and citations accumulated by each author. Julie Irwin (McCombs School, University of Texas) is the most prolific author in our sample with a total of seven articles, whereas CB Bhattacharya (Katz Graduate School of Business, University of Pittsburg) leads the citations ranking with 5012 total citations across five publications.

To identify the intellectual structure of this literature domain, we constructed a bibliometric network with VOS Viewer using bibliographic coupling (Fig.  1 3 ). Bibliographic coupling examines similarities between articles in a collection by considering the number of cited references that the articles share (Zupic & Čater, 2015 ). This analysis revealed seven clusters of articles representing distinctive lines of inquiry. We named these clusters to reflect the substantive focus of the scholarly contributions included therein, and then grouped them according to the principles (Table ​ (Table1 1 ).

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Bibliometric visualization of the literature according to the Responsible, Resilient, and Respectful principles

Responsible, Respectful, and Resilient principles literature clusters

Principles & ClustersMost influential contributions
Cluster FocusCitationTitleJournal
RESPONSIBLE PRINCIPLE

44 articles

White et al. (2019)How to SHIFT consumer behaviors to be more sustainable: A literature review and guiding framework
Haws et al. (2014)Seeing the world through green-tinted glasses: Green consumption values and responses to environmentally-friendly products
Brough et al. (2016)The green-feminine stereotype and its effect on sustainable consumption

34 articles

Brown and Dacin (1997)The company and the product: Corporate associations and consumer product responses
Korschun et al. (2014)Corporate social responsibility, customer orientation, and the job performance of frontline employees
Sen and Bhattacharya (2001)Does doing good always lead to doing better? Consumer reactions to corporate social responsibility

23 articles

Luchs et al. (2010)The sustainability liability: Potential negative effects of ethicality on product preference
Wagner et al. (2009)Corporate hypocrisy: Overcoming the threat of inconsistent corporate social responsibility perceptions
Vlachos et al. (2009)Corporate social responsibility: Attributions, loyalty, and the mediating role of trust
RESILIENT PRINCIPLE

22 articles

Varadarajan (2017)Innovating for sustainability: A framework for sustainable innovations and a model of sustainable innovations orientation
Sheth et al. (2011)Mindful consumption: A customer-centric approach to sustainability
Banerjee et al. (2003)Corporate environmentalism: Antecedents and influence of industry type

19 articles

Swaminathan et al. (2020)Branding in a hyperconnected world: Refocusing theories and rethinking boundaries
Kang et al. (2016)Washing away your sins? Corporate social responsibility, corporate social irresponsibility, and firm performance
Luo and Bhattacharya (2006)Corporate social responsibility, customer satisfaction, and market value
RESPECTFUL PRINCIPLE

31 articles

Goldstein et al. (2008)A room with a viewpoint: Using social norms to motivate environmental conservation in hotels
Barone et al. (2000)The influence of cause-related marketing on consumer choice: Does one good turn deserve another?
Habel et al. (2016)Warm glow or extra charge? The ambivalent effect of corporate social responsibility activities on customers' perceived price fairness

23 articles

Martin and Murphy (2017)The role of data privacy in marketing
Mayo and Marks (1990)An empirical investigation of a general theory of marketing ethics
Vitell et al. (1993)Marketing norms: The influence of personal moral philosophies and organizational ethical culture

Notes: a The table includes the top three articles in each cluster by normalized number of citations. The normalization takes into consideration that more recent articles had less time to accumulate citations. The formula is as follows: N o r m a l i z e d - c i t a t i o n s - f o r - a n - a r t i c l e = T o t a l - c i t a t i o n s - o f - a n - a r t i c l e A v e . - c i t a t i o n s - f o r - a l l - a r t i c l e s - p u b l i s h e d - i n - t h e - s a m e - y e a r - i n c l . - i n - s a m p l e   

b Key: JM = Journal of Marketing; JCP = Journal of Consumer Psychology; JCR = Journal of Consumer Research; JMR = Journal of Marketing Research; JAMS = Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science

The conceptual building blocks of the Responsible principle are reflected in Clusters A, B, and C. Articles in the largest cluster (A – Green consumption) examine factors leading to consumer preferences for environmentally-friendly and ethically sourced products, as well as associated persuasion strategies. Taking a broader perspective, contributions in the second largest cluster (B – Responses to Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) strategies) examine how consumers’ react to firms’ CSR associations. The articles within these clusters are closely connected with the research in Cluster C (Stakeholder relationships) that explores how CSR contributes to corporate reputation among external firm’s stakeholders. In short, despite the extensive conversations regarding corporate responsibility issues, further research needs to focus on how marketing approaches the CSR agenda to encourage even more sustainable behaviors that appeal to a wider range of stakeholders.

The Resilience principle is well represented by Clusters D and E. Cluster D’s (Sustainable marketing strategies) research revolves around green approaches that inoculate marketing from environmental challenges, including enviropreneurialism, corporate environmentalism, and organizational capabilities for resilience. Articles in Cluster E (CSR strategies and firm performance) examine strategic outcomes of CSR investments, including firm market value, firm idiosyncratic risk, and customers’ product and brand evaluations. In sum, the Resilience principle incorporates seminal conceptualizations of sustainability and CSR marketing strategies as drivers of firms’ competitive advantage. However, recent external challenges (e.g., the COVID pandemic) call for a re-examination of these ideas to re-imagine marketing capabilities that will increase the resilience of firms.

The Respectful principle is represented by Clusters F and G. Cluster F’s (Ethical consumption) research concentrates on ethical consumer choices in the context of environmental sustainability, cause-related initiatives, stakeholder collaborations, and other ethical initiatives. Articles in Cluster G (Ethical marketing strategies) includes contributions elucidating the relationship between marketing strategy and CSR initiatives to achieve organizational effectiveness and ethical managerial decision making. As depicted in Fig.  1 , research on the Respectful principle is somewhat more dispersed and often disparate from other conversations. However, research inspired by the Respectful principle has the potential for many substantive future contributions that will shape how organizations interact with diverse, vulnerable, and underrepresented stakeholder groups.

A little more impact please …

Current societal expectations set within the broader context of the UN SDGs, recognition of the individual value of research endeavors (San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment, DORA, https://sfdora.org/ ), and the move towards wide-scale Open Access of research, mean that the position, nature, and value of academic research in society is being reexamined. This is also the case for business research. For instance, the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB, www.aacsb.edu/ ) has expanded its accreditation standards to include ‘engagement and social impact’, a change which is directly tied to the UN SDGs. In parallel, the traditional academic role is changing within Higher Education, as distinct career pathways develop that recognize differing, yet complementary, expertise in research, education, and enterprise. Together, these drivers offer opportunities for further innovation in the field of marketing, integral to which is a change in how marketing scholars and practitioners understand, discuss, and measure research ‘impact’ and how changes in our academic environment offer further channels for development.

With respect to research impact, marketing, as an applied discipline, has consistently examined the ‘fitness’ of research as defined by its relevance and robustness in today’s dynamic environment. The Responsible, Resilient, and Respectful principles that we outline can provide a guide toward articulating impactful contributions to knowledge and practice. As a discipline, marketing is well-placed to develop the opportunities within each of these principles with respect to marketing strategy. We offer Table ​ Table2, 2 , which identifies example research questions that connect each of the stewardship principles to the UN SDGs, as an initial template in framing research impact for marketing strategy moving forward.

Examples of future marketing research questions at the intersection of stewardship principles and United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs)

Principle Guided QuestionsCorresponding UN SDG
Responsible Principle
• How can industries enhance the transparency of their production and marketing processes to provide tangible evidence of their sustainability or CSR commitments? In the wake of corporate scandals and malpractices, how can genuine CSR strategies be crafted to rebuild or repair brand reputations and have measurable impact on affected stakeholders?Responsible consumption and production (12)
• How can industries that are directly linked to quality of life (e.g., financial services, healthcare) be improved in terms of broader access to services, enhanced service quality, and delivery that preserves consumer dignity?

Good health and wellbeing (3)

Reduced inequalities (10)

• What are the crucial changes organizations need to make to their business practices to have substantial and sustained impact on environmental protection? How can such change be effectively measured and communicated to consumers and other stakeholders?

Industry, innovation, and infrastructure (9)

Climate action (13)

Life below water (14)

Life on land (15)

Resilient Principle
• How can systematic bias be removed from technological applications in the marketplace? What biases exist in customer-facing technology that could reduce customer satisfaction and wellbeing? What benefits accrue to the firm for the elimination of bias?

Sustainable cities and communities (11)

Responsible production and consumption (12)

Peace, justice, and strong institutions (16)

• How does a focus on collective welfare impact firm performance and related marketing metrics (e.g., relationship quality, brand equity, customer loyalty)? How can this be measured? What is the effect of key moderating factors (e.g., industry, product type, product lifecycle, customer journey stage)?

Decent work and economic growth (8)

Responsible consumption and production (12)

• As markets adapt to changing customer demands (e.g., peer-to-peer home delivery services), and customers and employees have more direct interaction outside of the workplace, how will customers perceive the firm’s relationship with their employees? What role and responsibility does the organization have in ensuring a livable wage for workers, and what are the tensions that impact the firm’s bottom line?

No poverty (1)

Decent work and economic growth (8)

Respectful Principle
• How can firms better reflect the diversity of their employees and customers in a manner that retains the dignity and distinctiveness of their community and culture (beyond generalizations and stereotypes)? How does this impact the brand and the bottom line of the organization?

Gender equality (5)

Reduced inequalities (10)

• How can marketing strategy help inform other business disciplines about respectful treatment of stakeholders (e.g., privacy or customer surveillance, unconscious biases, belief systems)? How might this expand the relevance of marketing in organizations and in business schools?

Gender equality (5)

Reduced inequalities (10)

Peace, justice, and strong institutions (16)

• What considerations are key for organizations as they expand their customer base to be inclusive of new or overlooked consumer segments? How can marketers determine the distinct needs such segments possess to create a win–win of inclusivity with dignity and profitability for the organization? How can underserved communities be incorporated in the customer base, as well as the employee base?

Decent work and economic growth (8)

Reduced inequalities (10)

Sustainable cities and communities (11)

With respect to the changing academic environment, like many other disciplines, the marketing discipline’s application of impact metrics is in flux and will continue to change in the coming years. The current assessment of output impact based on output levels (typically published journal articles) and using mainly numerical indicators is being challenged (e.g., through institutions committing to the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment). Instead, applying the Responsible principle, there is now a demand for broader (e.g., AltMetrics) and more qualitative evaluations of research impact. This demand will drive change in the types of output that articulate how marketing scholars undertake research that generates value for multiple stakeholders. In developing a cohesive narrative of the impact value of scholarly marketing research, there is an opportunity to broaden the definition of impact to include impactful outcomes , in addition to impactful outputs . For example, impactful outcomes due to changes in the marketing strategies that promote electric vehicle adoption will bring a corresponding positive change in the quality of life of consumers by improving air quality. Or consider the example of altering marketing strategies to combat youth obesity by restricting when and where sugary drinks and other junk food can be advertised. At the same time, marketing scholars can also examine the thresholds and timeframes for reasonable expectations about the impact that marketing strategy can achieve.

Furthermore, researchers often navigate the tension between generating research that addresses the need for academic relevance and robustness alongside the need for societal relevance and robustness. Academic relevance (in how contributions and implications are framed) and robustness (in how methodological approaches are framed) are familiar building blocks in the literature. However, due to a broad scope, the marketing discipline has less clarity and consensus on societal relevance and societal robustness . Societal relevance directly asks: ‘What societal challenge does this research contribute to?’ Societal robustness demands not only value for money, but also, more fundamentally, research accessibility and usefulness. An impact framework that integrates outcomes valued by multiple stakeholders can help guide the marketing discipline’s pursuit of high impact research with a societal focus. Such a framework can readily be devised in directly linking the reimagining of marketing strategy to the UN SDGs (such as in Table ​ Table2) 2 ) to enable researchers to articulate the value of their research in terms of mutual relevance, robustness and value.

The Resilient principle calls into question the longevity of what marketing research and practice offers, and how this contributes to sustainable solutions for society. The nature of published content undoubtedly needs to be more diversified to effectively meet the demands of differing audiences. Journal articles are an important means of mobilizing knowledge in academia and for other ‘users’ of research who are able to access such sources. However, journal articles are one part of a wider portfolio of content and services that could fulfil the different needs and purposes of society. Many universities and academics are already diversifying their research portfolios, both in terms of the content produced and services offered (e.g., professional development opportunities directly extending from research), alongside the approaches to communication of outcomes (e.g., podcasts, open access toolkits). This trend will help develop sustainable solutions, especially with respect to the UN SDGs. For example, creating health communications in collaboration with the intended audiences can result in tools that are readily accepted by those audiences, in terms of language, format and content, to bring about the intended impact.

The existing tension is often a simple one: How might we best develop and share proven methods or tools to embed them in practice, and in such a way that this effort is also recognized as a valuable scholarly activity? Companies and communities want to work with academics, but the outcomes they value are not always easily aligned with the outputs valued by academia. This is by no means a new challenge, but the conversation about impact potentially changes the perspective of said challenge. One promising development, in our view, to meet this challenge is the current change in emergent specialist career pathways. These pathways will broaden the way in which academic work is conducted and delivered, thus, impacting traditional research portfolios (i.e., in terms of outputs and outcomes). That is, marketing academics specializing in education are updating pedagogical approaches for future academics and practitioners to aid marketing strategy in coping with global challenges. Those specializing in knowledge exchange are innovating how knowledge about developing marketing strategy is mobilized in multiple formats to reach wider and more diverse user groups. Finally, those specializing in relevant enterprise are driving practical changes in marketing strategy through the commercialization of academic research into valuable products to society. The emergence of these new pathways provides opportunities to not only better address the questions laid out in Table ​ Table2, 2 , but also presents exciting opportunities for academics to further develop new capabilities, for example, their entrepreneurial skills, that complement existing academic skillsets.

More fundamentally, the move towards embracing representatives of a broader society as both co-creators and drivers of the research process is completely changing the conversation between marketing and society. The Respectful principle assumes co-creation. A distinctive strength that marketing strategy scholars bring to the literature is their experience and expertise in working with stakeholders in the field (e.g., consumer groups, nonprofits, companies, governmental agencies). Thus, marketing strategy can leverage these insights to support the development of rigorous research focused on pursuing the grand challenges that are more directly linked to those who are most impacted. The concept here is that outputs and outcomes are not delivered to ‘users’, but rather co-created with stakeholders in society. There are multiple emerging co-creation processes across disciplines and sectors. In healthcare, for example, the principle of respect is embedded within the process of co-production (e.g., https://www.nihr.ac.uk/documents/co-production-in-action-number-three/26382 ). Engaging non-academic partners as co-creators means being respectful of their lived experiences and how it shapes their active creator roles, as well as rebalancing power structures to allow multiple voices to be heard.

At the same time, it is important to respectfully acknowledge and accommodate individual or group heterogeneity in terms of motivation, knowledge and ability to co-create. New approaches (that are to be celebrated in our estimation) involve training non-academic co-creators in research methods. Conversely, in the future, non-academic co-creators can also train academics in this manner. As marketing scholars are aware, the integration of resources in the form of knowledge, skills, experience, enterprise, and networks creates connections and builds awareness between stakeholders to heighten impact. This connectivity is especially valuable where stakeholders have not had an opportunity to meet, discuss, and share ideas previously. Using the UN SDGs, it is possible to identify situations in which stakeholder groups have not had this opportunity, especially groups who are perceived as more vulnerable. An additional benefit of building co-creation opportunities with vulnerable groups is increased transparency and trust between the academic and wider communities. Conflicts can emerge during such collaboration, especially where there has been little previous interaction, but facilitating resolution of this conflict is impactful in its own right. Marketing, with its keen understanding of stakeholder perspectives, can empower groups of stakeholders to move away from normalized or entrenched expert knowledge and solutions. In doing so, groups of co-creation partners can truly deliver outcomes that are very much ‘fit for purpose’ (e.g., in relation to innovative solutions to address aspects of the UN SDGs). We see marketing as a discipline that is well-positioned to take the lead in developing and fostering diverse multi-disciplinary groups to bring about this shift.

Embracing the broader changes in academia, the outcome we seek here is a renewed call for the facilitation of better marketing strategy that will boldly address society’s grand challenges, and contribute to tackling the UN SDGs through responsible, resilient, and respectful research collaborations with stakeholders.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

1 Our selection of keywords included: societal, corporate social responsibility, social responsibility, CSR, sustainability, sustainable, ethics, ethical, cause-related, environmental, stewardship, vulnerable, disenfranchise, equality, diversity, inclusivity, morality, empowerment . This set of keywords allowed us to extract a comprehensive literature sample that delineates the core themes in marketing strategy relevant to the three principles. We acknowledge that this set of keywords is not comprehensively conclusive. Within the context of this editorial, our analysis is intended as a conversation and action starter.

2 Journals included: Journal of Consumer Psychology, Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Marketing, Journal of Marketing Research, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Marketing Science .

3 To reduce visual complexity and aid interpretation, we set the minimum number of article citations to five and excluded articles without links in the collection. This resulted in a total of 196 articles that were visualized in the figure by normalized number of citations.

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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