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Digital medicine and medical artificial intelligence (AI) pioneer Dr Eric Topol will address thousands of researchers and policy makers from around the world on June 12, highlighting the potential of digital technologies on medicine and healthcare.

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The top 10 journal articles of 2020

In 2020, APA’s 89 journals published more than 5,000 articles—the most ever and 25% more than in 2019. Here’s a quick look at the 10 most downloaded to date.

Vol. 52 No. 1 Print version: page 24

man watching television

1. Me, My Selfie, and I: The Relations Between Selfie Behaviors, Body Image, Self-Objectification, and Self-Esteem in Young Women

Veldhuis, j., et al..

Young women who appreciate their bodies and consider them physical objects are more likely to select, edit, and post selfies to social media, suggests this study in Psychology of Popular Media (Vol. 9, No. 1). Researchers surveyed 179 women, ages 18 to 25, on how often they took selfies, how they selected selfies to post, how often they used filters and editing techniques, and how carefully they planned their selfie postings. They also assessed participants’ levels of body appreciation and dissatisfaction, self-objectification, and self-esteem. Higher levels of self-objectification were linked to more time spent on all selfie behaviors, while body appreciation was related to more time spent selecting selfies to post, but not frequency of taking or editing selfies. Body dissatisfaction and self-esteem were not associated with selfie behaviors. DOI: 10.1037/ppm0000206

2. A Closer Look at Appearance and Social Media: Measuring Activity, Self-Presentation, and Social Comparison and Their Associations With Emotional Adjustment

Zimmer-gembeck, m. j., et al..

This Psychology of Popular Media (online first publication) article presents a tool to assess young people’s preoccupation with their physical appearance on social media. Researchers administered a 21-item survey about social media to 281 Australian high school students. They identified 18 items with strong inter-item correlation centered on three categories of social media behavior: online self-presentation, appearance-related online activity, and appearance comparison. In a second study with 327 Australian university students, scores on the 18-item survey were found to be associated with measures of social anxiety and depressive symptoms, appearance-related support from others, general interpersonal stress, coping flexibility, sexual harassment, disordered eating, and other factors. The researchers also found that young women engaged in more appearance-related social media activity and appearance comparison than did young men. DOI: 10.1037/ppm0000277

3. The Novel Coronavirus (COVID-2019) Outbreak: Amplification of Public Health Consequences by Media Exposure

Garfin, d. r., et al..

Repeated media exposure to the COVID-19 pandemic may be associated with psychological distress and other public health consequences, according to this commentary in Health Psychology (Vol. 39, No. 5). The authors reviewed research about trends in health behavior and psychological distress as a response to media coverage of crises, including terrorist attacks, school shootings, and disease outbreaks. They found that repeated media exposure to collective crises was associated with increased anxiety and heightened acute and post-traumatic stress, with downstream effects on health outcomes such as new incidence of cardiovascular disease. Moreover, misinformation can further amplify stress responses and lead to misplaced or misguided health-protective and help-seeking behaviors. The authors recommended public health agencies use social media strategically, such as with hashtags, to keep residents updated during the pandemic. They also urged the public to avoid sensationalism and repeated coverage of the same information. DOI: 10.1037/hea0000875

4. Barriers to Mental Health Treatment Among Individuals With Social Anxiety Disorder and Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Goetter, e. m., et al..

This study in Psychological Services (Vol. 17, No. 1) indicates that 3 in 4 people who suffer from anxiety do not receive proper care. Researchers recruited 226 participants in the United States who were previously diagnosed with social anxiety disorder or generalized anxiety disorder and assessed their symptom severity and asked them to self-report any barriers to treatment. Shame and stigma were the highest cited barriers, followed by logistical and financial barriers and not knowing where to seek treatment. Participants with more severe symptoms reported more barriers to treatment than those with milder symptoms. Racial and ethnic minorities reported more barriers than racial and ethnic majorities even after controlling for symptom severity. The researchers called for increased patient education and more culturally sensitive outreach to reduce treatment barriers. DOI: 10.1037/ser0000254

5. The Construction of “Critical Thinking”: Between How We Think and What We Believe

This History of Psychology (Vol. 23, No. 3) article examines the emergence of “critical thinking” as a psychological concept. The author describes how, between World War I and World War II in the United States, the concept emerged out of growing concerns about how easily people’s beliefs could be changed and was constructed in a way that was independent of what people believed. The author delves into how original measurements of critical thinking avoided assumptions about the accuracy of specific real-world beliefs and details how subsequent critical thinking tests increasingly focused on logical abilities, often favoring outcome (what we believe) over process (how we think). DOI: 10.1037/hop0000145

6. Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder: Integration of Alcoholics Anonymous and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Breuninger, m. m., et al..

This article in Training and Education in Professional Psychology (Vol. 14, No. 1) details how to work with alcohol use disorder patients who are participating in both cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). The authors point to distinctions between AA and CBT: The goal of AA is total abstinence and the primary therapeutic relationship is with a peer in recovery, while CBT takes a less absolute approach and the primary relationship is with a psychotherapist. The authors also point to commonalities: both approaches emphasize identifying and replacing dysfunctional beliefs and place value in social support. The authors recommend clinicians and trainees become more educated about AA and recommend a translation of the 12-step language into CBT terminology to bridge the gap. DOI: 10.1037/tep0000265

7. Positivity Pays Off: Clients’ Perspectives on Positive Compared With Traditional Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression

Geschwind, n., et al..

Positive cognitive behavioral therapy, a version of CBT focused on exploring exceptions to the problem rather than the problem itself, personal strengths, and embracing positivity, works well to counter depressive symptoms and build well-being, according to this study in Psychotherapy (Vol. 57, No. 3). Participants received a block of eight sessions of traditional CBT and a block of eight sessions of positive CBT. Researchers held in-depth interviews with 12 of these participants. Despite initial skepticism, most participants reported preferring positive CBT but indicated experiencing a steeper learning curve than with traditional CBT. Researchers attributed positive CBT’s favorability to four factors: feeling empowered, benefiting from effects of positive emotions, learning to appreciate baby steps, and rediscovering optimism as a personal strength. DOI: 10.1037/pst0000288

8. Targeted Prescription of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Versus Person-Centered Counseling for Depression Using a Machine Learning Approach

Delgadillo, j., & gonzalez salas duhne, p..

Amachine learning algorithm can identify which patients would derive more benefit from cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) versus counseling for depression, suggests research in this Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (Vol. 88, No. 1) article. Researchers retrospectively explored data from 1,085 patients in the United Kingdom treated with either CBT or counseling for depression and discovered six patient characteristics—age, employment status, disability, and three diagnostic measures of major depression and social adjustment—relevant to developing an algorithm for prescribing the best approach. The researchers then used the algorithm to determine which therapy would work best for an additional 350 patients with depression. They found that patients receiving their optimal treatment type were twice as likely to improve significantly. DOI: 10.1037/ccp0000476

9. Traumatic Stress in the Age of COVID-19: A Call to Close Critical Gaps and Adapt to New Realities

Horesh, d., & brown, a. d..

This article in Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy (Vol. 12, No. 4) argues that COVID-19 should be examined from a post-traumatic stress perspective. The authors call for mental health researchers and clinicians to develop better diagnoses and prevention strategies for COVID-related traumatic stress; create guidelines and talking points for the media and government officials to use when speaking to an anxious, and potentially traumatized, public; and provide mental health training to professionals in health care, education, childcare, and occupational support in order to reach more people. DOI: 10.1037/tra0000592

10. Emotional Intelligence Predicts Academic Performance: A Meta-Analysis

Maccann, c., et al..

Students with high emotional intelligence get better grades and score higher on standardized tests, according to the research presented in this article in Psychological Bulletin (Vol. 146, No. 2). Researchers analyzed data from 158 studies representing more than 42,529 students—ranging in age from elementary school to college—from 27 countries. The researchers found that students with higher emotional intelligence earned better grades and scored higher on achievement tests than those with lower emotional intelligence. This finding was true even when controlling for intelligence and personality factors, and the association held regardless of age. The researchers suggest that students with higher emotional intelligence succeed because they cope well with negative emotions that can harm academic performance; they form stronger relationships with teachers, peers, and family; and their knowledge of human motivations and socialinteractions helps them understand humanities subject matter. DOI: 10.1037/bul0000219

5 interviews to listen to now

Psychology’s most innovative thinkers are featured on APA’s Speaking of Psychology podcast , which highlights important research and helps listeners apply psychology to their lives. The most popular episodes of 2020, as measured by the number of downloads in the first 30 days, were: 

  • How to have meaningful dialogues despite political differences , with  Tania Israel, PhD
  • Canine cognition and the survival of the friendliest , with  Brian Hare, PhD  
  • The challenges faced by women in leadership , with  Alice Eagly, PhD
  • How to choose effective, science-based mental health apps , with  Stephen Schueller, PhD  
  • Psychedelic therapy , with Roland Griffiths, PhD  

Listen to all of the Speaking of Psychology episodes .

Contact APA

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research journal page

Internet Research

  • Submit your paper
  • Author guidelines
  • Editorial team
  • Indexing & metrics
  • Calls for papers & news

Before you start

Author responsibilities.

Our goal is to provide you with a professional and courteous experience at each stage of the review and publication process. There are also some responsibilities that sit with you as the author. Our expectation is that you will:

  • Respond swiftly to any queries during the publication process.
  • Be accountable for all aspects of your work. This includes investigating and resolving any questions about accuracy or  research integrity
  • Treat communications between you and the journal editor as confidential until an editorial decision has been made.
  • Include  anyone who has made a substantial and meaningful contribution to the submission (anyone else involved in the paper should be listed in the acknowledgements).
  • Exclude  anyone who hasn’t contributed to the paper, or who has chosen not to be associated with the research.
  • In accordance with COPE’s position statement on AI tools , Large Language Models cannot be credited with authorship as they are incapable of conceptualising a research design without human direction and cannot be accountable for the integrity, originality, and validity of the published work. The author(s) must describe the content created or modified as well as appropriately cite the name and version of the AI tool used; any additional works drawn on by the AI tool should also be appropriately cited and referenced. Standard tools that are used to improve spelling and grammar are not included within the parameters of this guidance. The Editor and Publisher reserve the right to determine whether the use of an AI tool is permissible. 
  • If your article involves human participants, you must ensure you have considered whether or not you require ethical approval for your research, and include this information as part of your submission. Find out more about informed consent .

Generative AI usage key principles 

  • Copywriting any part of an article using a generative AI tool/LLM would not be permissible, including the generation of the abstract or the literature review, for as per Emerald’s authorship criteria, the author(s) must be responsible for the work and accountable for its accuracy, integrity, and validity.  
  • The generation or reporting of results using a generative AI tool/LLM is not permissible, for as per Emerald’s authorship criteria, the author(s) must be responsible for the creation and interpretation of their work and accountable for its accuracy, integrity, and validity.  
  • The in-text reporting of statistics using a generative AI tool/LLM is not permissible due to concerns over the authenticity, integrity, and validity of the data produced, although the use of such a tool to aid in the analysis of the work would be permissible.  
  • Copy-editing an article using a generative AI tool/LLM in order to improve its language and readability would be permissible as this mirrors standard tools already employed to improve spelling and grammar, and uses existing author-created material, rather than generating wholly new content, while the author(s) remains responsible for the original work. 
  • The submission and publication of images created by AI tools or large-scale generative models is not permitted.

Research and publishing ethics

Our editors and employees work hard to ensure the content we publish is ethically sound. To help us achieve that goal, we closely follow the advice laid out in the guidelines and flowcharts on the  COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) website .

We have also developed our  research and publishing ethics guidelines . If you haven’t already read these, we urge you to do so – they will help you avoid the most common publishing ethics issues.

A few key points:

  • Any manuscript you submit to this journal should be original. That means it should not have been published before in its current, or similar, form. Exceptions to this rule are outlined in our  pre-print and conference paper policies .  If any substantial element of your paper has been previously published, you need to declare this to the journal editor upon submission. Please note, the journal editor may use  Crossref Similarity Check  to check on the originality of submissions received. This service compares submissions against a database of 49 million works from 800 scholarly publishers.
  • Your work should not have been submitted elsewhere and should not be under consideration by any other publication.
  • If you have a conflict of interest, you must declare it upon submission; this allows the editor to decide how they would like to proceed. Read about conflict of interest in our  research and publishing ethics guidelines .
  • By submitting your work to Emerald, you are guaranteeing that the work is not in infringement of any existing copyright.

Third party copyright permissions

Prior to article submission,  you need to ensure you’ve applied for, and received,   written permission to use any material in your manuscript that has been created by a third party. Please note, we are unable to publish any article that still has permissions pending. The rights we require are:

  • Non-exclusive rights to reproduce the material in the article or book chapter.
  • Print and electronic rights.
  • Worldwide English-language rights.
  • To use the material for the life of the work. That means there should be no time restrictions on its re-use e.g. a one-year licence.

We are a member of the International Association of Scientific, Technical, and Medical Publishers (STM) and participate in the  STM permissions guidelines , a reciprocal free exchange of material with other STM publishers.  In some cases, this may mean that you don’t need permission to re-use content. If so, please highlight this at the submission stage.

Please take a few moments to read our  guide to publishing permissions  to ensure you have met all the requirements, so that we can process your submission without delay.

Open access submissions and information

All our journals currently offer two open access (OA) publishing paths; gold open access and green open access.

If you would like to, or are required to, make the branded publisher PDF (also known as the version of record) freely available immediately upon publication, you can select the gold open access route once your paper is accepted.

If you’ve chosen to publish gold open access, this is the point you will be asked to pay the  APC (article processing charge) . This varies per journal and can be found on our APC price list or on the editorial system at the point of submission. Your article will be published with a  Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 user licence , which outlines how readers can reuse your work.

Alternatively, if you would like to, or are required to, publish open access but your funding doesn’t cover the cost of the APC, you can choose the green open access, or self-archiving, route. As soon as your article is published, you can make the author accepted manuscript (the version accepted for publication) openly available, free from payment and embargo periods.

You can find out more about our open access routes, our APCs and waivers and read our FAQs on our open research page. 

Find out about open

Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) guidelines

We are a signatory of the  Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) Guidelines , a framework that supports the reproducibility of research through the adoption of transparent research practices. That means we encourage you to:

  • Cite and fully reference all data, program code, and other methods in your article.
  • Include persistent identifiers, such as a Digital Object Identifier (DOI), in references for datasets and program codes. Persistent identifiers ensure future access to unique published digital objects, such as a piece of text or datasets. Persistent identifiers are assigned to datasets by digital archives, such as institutional repositories and partners in the Data Preservation Alliance for the Social Sciences (Data-PASS).
  • Follow appropriate international and national procedures with respect to data protection, rights to privacy and other ethical considerations, whenever you cite data. For further guidance please refer to our  research and publishing ethics guidelines . For an example on how to cite datasets, please refer to the references section below.

Prepare your submission

Manuscript support services.

We are pleased to partner with Editage, a platform that connects you with relevant experts in language support, translation, editing, visuals, consulting, and more. After you’ve agreed a fee, they will work with you to enhance your manuscript and get it submission-ready.

This is an optional service for authors who feel they need a little extra support. It does not guarantee your work will be accepted for review or publication.

Visit Editage

Manuscript requirements

Before you submit your manuscript, it’s important you read and follow the guidelines below. You will also find some useful tips in our  structure your journal submission  how-to guide.

Article files should be provided in Microsoft Word format

While you are welcome to submit a PDF of the document alongside the Word file, PDFs alone are not acceptable. LaTeX files can also be used but only if an accompanying PDF document is provided. Acceptable figure file types are listed further below.

Articles should be between 2000  and 9500 words in length. This includes all text, for example, the structured abstract, references, all text in tables, and figures and appendices. 

Please allow 280 words for each figure or table.

A concisely worded title should be provided.

The names of all contributing authors should be added to the ScholarOne submission; please list them in the order in which you’d like them to be published. Each contributing author will need their own ScholarOne author account, from which we will extract the following details:

. . We will reproduce it exactly, so any middle names and/or initials they want featured must be included. . This should be where they were based when the research for the paper was conducted.

In multi-authored papers, it’s important that ALL authors that have made a significant contribution to the paper are listed. Those who have provided support but have not contributed to the research should be featured in an acknowledgements section. You should never include people who have not contributed to the paper or who don’t want to be associated with the research. Read about our   for authorship.

If you want to include these items, save them in a separate Microsoft Word document and upload the file with your submission. Where they are included, a brief professional biography of not more than 100 words should be supplied for each named author.

Your article must reference all sources of external research funding in the acknowledgements section. You should describe the role of the funder or financial sponsor in the entire research process, from study design to submission.

All submissions must include a structured abstract, following the format outlined below.

These four sub-headings and their accompanying explanations must always be included:

The following three sub-headings are optional and can be included, if applicable:


You can find some useful tips in our   how-to guide.

The maximum length of your abstract should be 250 words in total, including keywords and article classification (see the sections below).

Your submission should include up to 12 appropriate and short keywords that capture the principal topics of the paper. Our   how to guide contains some practical guidance on choosing search-engine friendly keywords.

Please note, while we will always try to use the keywords you’ve suggested, the in-house editorial team may replace some of them with matching terms to ensure consistency across publications and improve your article’s visibility.

During the submission process, you will be asked to select a type for your paper; the options are listed below.

You will also be asked to select a category for your paper. The options for this are listed below. If you don’t see an exact match, please choose the best fit:

 Reports on any type of research undertaken by the author(s), including:

 Covers any paper where content is dependent on the author's opinion and interpretation. This includes journalistic and magazine-style pieces.

 Describes and evaluates technical products, processes or services.

 Focuses on developing hypotheses and is usually discursive. Covers philosophical discussions and comparative studies of other authors’ work and thinking.

 Describes actual interventions or experiences within organizations. It can be subjective and doesn’t generally report on research. Also covers a description of a legal case or a hypothetical case study used as a teaching exercise.

 This category should only be used if the main purpose of the paper is to annotate and/or critique the literature in a particular field. It could be a selective bibliography providing advice on information sources, or the paper may aim to cover the main contributors to the development of a topic and explore their different views.

 Provides an overview or historical examination of some concept, technique or phenomenon. Papers are likely to be more descriptive or instructional (‘how to’ papers) than discursive.

Headings must be concise, with a clear indication of the required hierarchy. 

The preferred format is for first level headings to be in bold, and subsequent sub-headings to be in medium italics.

Notes or endnotes should only be used if absolutely necessary. They should be identified in the text by consecutive numbers enclosed in square brackets. These numbers should then be listed, and explained, at the end of the article.

All figures (charts, diagrams, line drawings, webpages/screenshots, and photographic images) should be submitted electronically. Both colour and black and white files are accepted.

There are a few other important points to note:

Tables should be typed and submitted in a separate file to the main body of the article. The position of each table should be clearly labelled in the main body of the article with corresponding labels clearly shown in the table file. Tables should be numbered consecutively in Roman numerals (e.g. I, II, etc.).

Give each table a brief title. Ensure that any superscripts or asterisks are shown next to the relevant items and have explanations displayed as footnotes to the table, figure or plate.

Where tables, figures, appendices, and other additional content are supplementary to the article but not critical to the reader’s understanding of it, you can choose to host these supplementary files alongside your article on Insight, Emerald’s content hosting platform, or on an institutional or personal repository. All supplementary material must be submitted prior to acceptance.

, you must submit these as separate files alongside your article. Files should be clearly labelled in such a way that makes it clear they are supplementary; Emerald recommends that the file name is descriptive and that it follows the format ‘Supplementary_material_appendix_1’ or ‘Supplementary tables’. . A link to the supplementary material will be added to the article during production, and the material will be made available alongside the main text of the article at the point of EarlyCite publication.

Please note that Emerald will not make any changes to the material; it will not be copyedited, typeset, and authors will not receive proofs. Emerald therefore strongly recommends that you style all supplementary material ahead of acceptance of the article.

Emerald Insight can host the following file types and extensions:

, you should ensure that the supplementary material is hosted on the repository ahead of submission, and then include a link only to the repository within the article. It is the responsibility of the submitting author to ensure that the material is free to access and that it remains permanently available.

Please note that extensive supplementary material may be subject to peer review; this is at the discretion of the journal Editor and dependent on the content of the material (for example, whether including it would support the reviewer making a decision on the article during the peer review process).

All references in your manuscript must be formatted using one of the recognised Harvard styles. You are welcome to use the Harvard style Emerald has adopted – we’ve provided a detailed guide below. Want to use a different Harvard style? That’s fine, our typesetters will make any necessary changes to your manuscript if it is accepted. Please ensure you check all your citations for completeness, accuracy and consistency; this enables your readers to exploit the reference linking facility on the database and link back to the works you have cited through Crossref. 

References to other publications in your text should be written as follows:

, 2006) Please note, ‘ ' should always be written in italics.

A few other style points. These apply to both the main body of text and your final list of references.

At the end of your paper, please supply a reference list in alphabetical order using the style guidelines below. Where a DOI is available, this should be included at the end of the reference.

Surname, initials (year),  , publisher, place of publication.

e.g. Harrow, R. (2005),  , Simon & Schuster, New York, NY.

Surname, initials (year), "chapter title", editor's surname, initials (Ed.),  , publisher, place of publication, page numbers.

e.g. Calabrese, F.A. (2005), "The early pathways: theory to practice – a continuum", Stankosky, M. (Ed.),  , Elsevier, New York, NY, pp.15-20.

Surname, initials (year), "title of article",  , volume issue, page numbers.

e.g. Capizzi, M.T. and Ferguson, R. (2005), "Loyalty trends for the twenty-first century",  , Vol. 22 No. 2, pp.72-80.

Surname, initials (year of publication), "title of paper", in editor’s surname, initials (Ed.),  , publisher, place of publication, page numbers.

e.g. Wilde, S. and Cox, C. (2008), “Principal factors contributing to the competitiveness of tourism destinations at varying stages of development”, in Richardson, S., Fredline, L., Patiar A., & Ternel, M. (Ed.s),  , Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld, pp.115-118.

Surname, initials (year), "title of paper", paper presented at [name of conference], [date of conference], [place of conference], available at: URL if freely available on the internet (accessed date).

e.g. Aumueller, D. (2005), "Semantic authoring and retrieval within a wiki", paper presented at the European Semantic Web Conference (ESWC), 29 May-1 June, Heraklion, Crete, available at:  ;(accessed 20 February 2007).

Surname, initials (year), "title of article", working paper [number if available], institution or organization, place of organization, date.

e.g. Moizer, P. (2003), "How published academic research can inform policy decisions: the case of mandatory rotation of audit appointments", working paper, Leeds University Business School, University of Leeds, Leeds, 28 March.

 (year), "title of entry", volume, edition, title of encyclopaedia, publisher, place of publication, page numbers.

e.g.   (1926), "Psychology of culture contact", Vol. 1, 13th ed., Encyclopaedia Britannica, London and New York, NY, pp.765-771.

(for authored entries, please refer to book chapter guidelines above)

Surname, initials (year), "article title",  , date, page numbers.

e.g. Smith, A. (2008), "Money for old rope",  , 21 January, pp.1, 3-4.

 (year), "article title", date, page numbers.

e.g.   (2008), "Small change", 2 February, p.7.

Surname, initials (year), "title of document", unpublished manuscript, collection name, inventory record, name of archive, location of archive.

e.g. Litman, S. (1902), "Mechanism & Technique of Commerce", unpublished manuscript, Simon Litman Papers, Record series 9/5/29 Box 3, University of Illinois Archives, Urbana-Champaign, IL.

If available online, the full URL should be supplied at the end of the reference, as well as the date that the resource was accessed.

Surname, initials (year), “title of electronic source”, available at: persistent URL (accessed date month year).

e.g. Weida, S. and Stolley, K. (2013), “Developing strong thesis statements”, available at: (accessed 20 June 2018)

Standalone URLs, i.e. those without an author or date, should be included either inside parentheses within the main text, or preferably set as a note (Roman numeral within square brackets within text followed by the full URL address at the end of the paper).

Surname, initials (year),  , name of data repository, available at: persistent URL, (accessed date month year).

e.g. Campbell, A. and Kahn, R.L. (2015),  , ICPSR07218-v4, Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research (distributor), Ann Arbor, MI, available at:  (accessed 20 June 2018)

Submit your manuscript

There are a number of key steps you should follow to ensure a smooth and trouble-free submission.

Double check your manuscript

Before submitting your work, it is your responsibility to check that the manuscript is complete, grammatically correct, and without spelling or typographical errors. A few other important points:

  • Give the journal aims and scope a final read. Is your manuscript definitely a good fit? If it isn’t, the editor may decline it without peer review.
  • Does your manuscript comply with our  research and publishing ethics guidelines ?
  • Have you cleared any necessary  publishing permissions ?
  • Have you followed all the formatting requirements laid out in these author guidelines?
  • If you need to refer to your own work, use wording such as ‘previous research has demonstrated’ not ‘our previous research has demonstrated’.
  • If you need to refer to your own, currently unpublished work, don’t include this work in the reference list.
  • Any acknowledgments or author biographies should be uploaded as separate files.
  • Carry out a final check to ensure that no author names appear anywhere in the manuscript. This includes in figures or captions.

You will find a helpful submission checklist on the website  Think.Check.Submit .

The submission process

All manuscripts should be submitted through our editorial system by the corresponding author.

A separate author account is required for each journal you submit to. If this is your first time submitting to this journal, please choose the  Create an account  or  Register now  option in the editorial system. If you already have an Emerald login, you are welcome to reuse the existing username and password here.

Please note, the next time you log into the system, you will be asked for your username. This will be the email address you entered when you set up your account.

Don't forget to add your  ORCiD ID   during the submission process. It will be embedded in your published article, along with a link to the ORCiD registry allowing others to easily match you with your work.

Don’t have one yet? It only takes a few moments to  register for a free ORCiD identifier .

Visit the  ScholarOne support centre  for further help and guidance.

What you can expect next

You will receive an automated email from the journal editor, confirming your successful submission. It will provide you with a manuscript number, which will be used in all future correspondence about your submission. If you have any reason to suspect the confirmation email you receive might be fraudulent, please  contact our Rights team .

Post submission

Review and decision process.

Each submission is checked by the editor. At this stage, they may choose to decline or unsubmit your manuscript if it doesn’t fit the journal aims and scope, or they feel the language/manuscript quality is too low.

If they think it might be suitable for the publication, they will send it to at least two independent referees for double blind peer review.  Once these reviewers have provided their feedback, the editor may decide to accept your manuscript, request minor or major revisions, or decline your work.

This journal offers an article transfer service. If the editor decides to decline your manuscript, either before or after peer review, they may offer to transfer it to a more relevant Emerald journal in this field. If you accept, your ScholarOne author account, and the accounts of your co-authors, will automatically transfer to the new journal, along with your manuscript and any accompanying peer review reports. However, you will still need to log in to ScholarOne to complete the submission process using your existing username and password. While accepting a transfer does not guarantee the receiving journal will publish your work, an editor will only suggest a transfer if they feel your article is a good fit with the new title.

While all journals work to different timescales, the goal is that the editor will inform you of their first decision within 60 days.

During this period, we will send you automated updates on the progress of your manuscript via our submission system, or you can log in to check on the current status of your paper.  Each time we contact you, we will quote the manuscript number you were given at the point of submission. If you receive an email that does not match these criteria, it could be fraudulent and we recommend you email  [email protected] .

If your submission is accepted

Open access.

Once your paper is accepted, you will have the opportunity to indicate whether you would like to publish your paper via the gold open access route.

If you’ve chosen to publish gold open access, this is the point you will be asked to pay the APC (article processing charge).  This varies per journal and can be found on our  APC price list  or on the editorial system at the point of submission. Your article will be published with a  Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 user licence , which outlines how readers can reuse your work.

All accepted authors are sent an email with a link to a licence form.  This should be checked for accuracy, for example whether contact and affiliation details are up to date and your name is spelled correctly, and then returned to us electronically. If there is a reason why you can’t assign copyright to us, you should discuss this with your journal content editor. You will find their contact details on the editorial team section above.

Proofing and typesetting

Once we have received your completed licence form, the article will pass directly into the production process. We will carry out editorial checks, copyediting, and typesetting and then return proofs to you (if you are the corresponding author) for your review. This is your opportunity to correct any typographical errors, grammatical errors or incorrect author details. We can’t accept requests to rewrite texts at this stage.

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Frequently asked questions

The only time we will ever ask you for money to publish in an Emerald journal is if you have chosen to publish via the gold open access route. You will be asked to pay an APC (article processing charge) once your paper has been accepted (unless it is a sponsored open access journal). 

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Please contact the editor for the journal, with a copy of your CV. You will find their contact details on the editorial team tab on this page.

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Please email the journal editor – you will find their contact details on the editorial team tab on this page. If you ever suspect an email you’ve received from Emerald might not be genuine, you are welcome to verify it with the content editor for the journal, whose contact details can be found on the editorial team tab on this page. Alternatively, you can  .

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Authorship and the order in which the authors are listed on the paper should be agreed prior to submission. We have a right first time policy on this and no changes can be made to the list once submitted. If you have made an error in the submission process, please email the 8Journal Editorial Office who will look into your request – you will find their contact details on the editorial team tab on this page.

  • Christy M. K. Cheung Hong Kong Baptist University - Hong Kong [email protected]

Editors Emeriti

  • 1995 – 1998: John Peters Emerald Publishing - UK
  • 1998 – 2011: David G. Schwartz Bar-Ilan University - Israel
  • 2011 – 2016: Bernard J. Jansen The Pennsylvania State University - USA and Qatar Computing Research Institute, Doha - Qatar

Distinguished Board of Advisors

  • Izak Benbasat The University of British Columbia - Canada
  • Alexander Benlian Darmstadt University of Technology - Germany
  • Andrew Burton-Jones The University of Queensland - Australia
  • Carol Hsu The University of Sydney - Australia
  • Bernard J. Jansen The Pennsylvania State University - USA and Qatar Computing Research Institute, Doha - Qatar
  • Atreyi Kankanhalli National University of Singapore - Singapore
  • Matthew K.O. Lee City University of Hong Kong - Hong Kong
  • Lynne Markus Bentley University - USA
  • Chee-Wee Tan University of Southern Denmark - Denmark
  • Monideepa Tarafdar University of Massachusetts Amherst - USA
  • Jason Thatcher University of Colorado Boulder - USA
  • Daniel Veit University of Augsburg - Germany
  • Viswanath Venkatesh Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University - USA

Senior Editors

  • Yang Chen Southwestern University of Finance and Economics - People's Republic of China
  • Juho Hamari Tampere University - Finland
  • Zach W. Y. Lee University of Leicester - UK
  • Christian Maier University of Bamberg - Germany
  • Christian Matt University of Bern - Switzerland
  • Xiao-Liang Shen Wuhan University - People's Republic of China
  • Ayoung Suh Sungkyunkwan University - Republic of Korea
  • Manuel Trenz University of Göttingen - Germany
  • Ofir Turel The University of Melbourne - Australia
  • Kem Z. K. Zhang Lakehead University - Canada

Associate Editors

  • Zhao Cai University of Nottingham Ningbo China - People's Republic of China
  • Tommy K. H. Chan University of Manchester - UK
  • Xusen Cheng Renmin University of China - China
  • Ben Choi Nanyang Technological University - Singapore
  • Raffaele Filieri Audencia Business School - France
  • Maryam Ghasemaghaei McMaster University - Canada
  • Xitong Guo Harbin Institute of Technology - People's Republic of China
  • Yaniv Gvili Ono Academic College - Israel
  • Nima Kordzadeh Worcester Polytechnic Institute in Massachusetts - USA
  • Satish Krishnan Indian Institute of Management, Kozhikode - India
  • Hongxiu Li Tampere University - Finland
  • Eric T. K. Lim University of New South Wales - Australia
  • Yong Liu Aalto University School of Business - Finland
  • Jian Mou Pusan National University - Republic of Korea
  • Fiona Nah City University of Hong Kong - Hong Kong
  • Tiago Oliveira New University of Lisbon - Portugal
  • Hamed Qahri-Saremi Colorado State University - USA
  • Marten Risius The University of Queensland - Australia
  • Nick Roberts Oregon State University - USA
  • Sebastian Schuetz Florida International University - USA
  • Isabella Seeber Grenoble Ecole de Management - France
  • Wen-Lung Shiau Chang Gung University - Taiwan
  • Barney Tan University of New South Wales - Australia
  • Christoph Weinert University of Bamberg - Germany
  • Randy Wong The University of Auckland - New Zealand
  • Zhijun Yan Beijing Institute of Technology - People's Republic of China
  • Frederick Yim Hong Kong Baptist University - Hong Kong

Managing Editor for Marketing

  • Grace Gao Hong Kong Baptist University - Hong Kong

Commissioning Editor

  • Charlotte Eagles Emerald Publishing [email protected]

Journal Editorial Office (For queries related to pre-acceptance)

  • Nikita Singh Emerald Publishing [email protected]

Supplier Project Manager (For queries related to post-acceptance)

  • Sivakeerthika Saravanan Emerald Publishing [email protected]

Editorial Review Board

  • Muhammad Naseer Akhtar University of East London - UK
  • Mamoun Akroush German Jordanian University - Jordan and American University of Madaba - Jordan
  • Joonheui Bae The Hong Kong Polytechnic University - Hong Kong
  • Snehasish Banerjee University of York - UK
  • Annika Baumann University of Potsdam - Germany
  • Luis Vicente Casaló Ariño University of Zaragoza - Spain
  • Hsiu-Hua Chang Feng Chia University - Taiwan
  • Wei-Lun Chang National Taipei University of Technology - Taiwan
  • Chongyang Chen Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics - People's Republic of China
  • Meng Chen University of Science and Technology of China - People's Republic of China
  • Xi Chen Zhejiang University - People's Republic of China
  • Alton Y.K. Chua Nanyang Technological University - Singapore
  • Francesca D’Errico University of Bari Aldo Moro - Italy
  • Jie Fang University of Nottingham Ningbo China - People's Republic of China
  • Samira Farivar Carleton University - Canada
  • Steven M. Furnell University of Nottingham - UK
  • Chunmian Ge South China University of Technology - People's Republic of China
  • Xiang Gong Xi'an JiaoTong University - People's Republic of China
  • Chong Guan Singapore University of Social Sciences - Singapore
  • Chris Hand Kingston University - UK
  • Maximilian Haug Neu-Ulm University of Applied Sciences - Germany
  • Wei He Texas Tech University - USA
  • Fangfang Hou Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University - People's Republic of China
  • Kuo-Lun Hsiao National Taichung University of Science and Technology - Taiwan
  • Echo Huang National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology - Taiwan
  • Tseng-Lung Huang National Pingtung University - Taiwan
  • Wendy Wan Yee Hui Singapore Institute of Technology - Singapore
  • Lin Jia Beijing Institute of Technology - People's Republic of China
  • Hyunjin Kang Nanyang Technological University - Singapore
  • Ching-Jui Keng National Taipei University of Technology - Taiwan
  • Hamid Khobzi University of Sussex - UK
  • Austin Kwak Kent State University - USA
  • Antonia Köster University of Potsdam - Germany
  • Cong Li University of Miami - USA
  • Wenwen Li Fudan University - People's Republic of China
  • Yang-Jun Li Beijing Institute of Technology - People's Republic of China
  • Yupeng Li Hong Kong Baptist University - Hong Kong
  • Chih-Chin Liang National Formosa University - Taiwan
  • Binshan Lin Louisiana State University in Shreveport - USA
  • Hsiu-Fen Lin National Taiwan Ocean University - Taiwan
  • Na Liu The University of Sydney - Australia
  • Shan Liu Xi'an JiaoTong University - People's Republic of China
  • William Maule Naval Postgraduate School - USA
  • Felix Septianto The University of Queensland - Australia
  • Rinat Shaanan-Satchi Open University of Israel - Israel
  • Rong-An Shang Soochow University - Taiwan
  • Chung-Chi Shen National Chiayi University - Taiwan
  • Si Shi Southwestern University of Finance and Economics - People's Republic of China
  • Donghee Don Shin Texas Tech University - USA
  • Garry Wei Han Tan UCSI University - Malaysia
  • Ching-I Teng Chang Gung University - Taiwan
  • Leo R Vijayasarathy Colorado State University - USA
  • Nianxin Wang Jiangsu University of Science and Technology - People's Republic of China
  • Xiaohui Wang City University of Hong Kong - Hong Kong
  • Yi Wu Tianjin University - People's Republic of China
  • Nannan Xi Tampere University - Finland
  • Vignesh Yoganathan Queen Mary University of London - UK
  • Jie Yu (Joseph) University of Nottingham Ningbo China - People's Republic of China
  • Chian-Son Yu Shih Chien University - Taiwan
  • Xiabing Zheng University of Science and Technology of China - People's Republic of China
  • Hangjung Zo Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology - Republic of Korea

CiteScore 2023

Further information

CiteScore is a simple way of measuring the citation impact of sources, such as journals.

Calculating the CiteScore is based on the number of citations to documents (articles, reviews, conference papers, book chapters, and data papers) by a journal over four years, divided by the number of the same document types indexed in Scopus and published in those same four years.

For more information and methodology visit the Scopus definition

CiteScore Tracker 2024

(updated monthly)

CiteScore Tracker is calculated in the same way as CiteScore, but for the current year rather than previous, complete years.

The CiteScore Tracker calculation is updated every month, as a current indication of a title's performance.

2022 Impact Factor

The Journal Impact Factor is published each year by Clarivate Analytics. It is a measure of the number of times an average paper in a particular journal is cited during the preceding two years.

For more information and methodology see Clarivate Analytics

5-year Impact Factor (2022)

A base of five years may be more appropriate for journals in certain fields because the body of citations may not be large enough to make reasonable comparisons, or it may take longer than two years to publish and distribute leading to a longer period before others cite the work.

Actual value is intentionally only displayed for the most recent year. Earlier values are available in the Journal Citation Reports from Clarivate Analytics.

Time to first decision

Time to first decision , expressed in days, the "first decision" occurs when the journal’s editorial team reviews the peer reviewers’ comments and recommendations. Based on this feedback, they decide whether to accept, reject, or request revisions for the manuscript.

Data is taken from submissions between 1st June 2023 and 31st May 2024

Acceptance rate

The acceptance rate is a measurement of how many manuscripts a journal accepts for publication compared to the total number of manuscripts submitted expressed as a percentage %

Data is taken from submissions between 1st June 2023 and 31st May 2024.

This journal is abstracted and indexed by

  • ABI/INFORM Complete
  • ABI/INFORM Global
  • Academic Research Library
  • Academic Search: Alumni Edition/ Complete/Premier
  • BUBL Information Service
  • Cabell's Directory of Publishing Opportunities in Management and Marketing
  • CompuMath Citation Index
  • Computer Literature Index
  • Current Awareness Abstracts
  • Computers and Applied Sciences Complete
  • Current Abstracts
  • Current Contents/Engineering Computing & Technology
  • dblp Computer Science Bibliography
  • ERIC Clearinghouse on Information Technology
  • IEE INSPEC database
  • Information Science Abstracts and Fulltext Sources Online
  • The Informed Librarian
  • Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
  • Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts (LISTA)
  • Library Literature
  • Norwegian Scientific Index
  • PAIS indexes
  • Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education
  • Professional ABI/INFORM Complete
  • Professional ProQuest Central
  • ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Journals
  • ProQuest Central
  • ProQuest Computer Science Journals
  • ProQuest Curriculum Essentials
  • ProQuest Education Journals
  • ProQuest Library Science
  • ProQuest SciTech Journals
  • ProQuest Technology Journals
  • ReadCube Discover
  • Research Alert
  • Research Library
  • Science Citation Index Expanded ®
  • SciSearch ®
  • Social Sciences Citation Index ®

This journal is ranked by

  • The Chartered Association of Business Schools' Academic Journal Guide: 3
  • Australian Business Deans Council: A 
  • BFI (Denmark): 2
  • The Publication Forum (Finland): 2

Reviewer information

Peer review process.

This journal engages in a double-anonymous peer review process, which strives to match the expertise of a reviewer with the submitted manuscript. Reviews are completed with evidence of thoughtful engagement with the manuscript, provide constructive feedback, and add value to the overall knowledge and information presented in the manuscript.

The mission of the peer review process is to achieve excellence and rigour in scholarly publications and research.

Our vision is to give voice to professionals in the subject area who contribute unique and diverse scholarly perspectives to the field.

The journal values diverse perspectives from the field and reviewers who provide critical, constructive, and respectful feedback to authors. Reviewers come from a variety of organizations, careers, and backgrounds from around the world.

All invitations to review, abstracts, manuscripts, and reviews should be kept confidential. Reviewers must not share their review or information about the review process with anyone without the agreement of the editors and authors involved, even after publication. This also applies to other reviewers’ “comments to author” which are shared with you on decision.

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Resources to guide you through the review process

Discover practical tips and guidance on all aspects of peer review in our reviewers' section. See how being a reviewer could benefit your career, and discover what's involved in shaping a review.

More reviewer information

Calls for papers

Ai for a better future.

Click here to Submit! Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) is permeating individuals’ daily live...

Ethics and Sustainability in Gaming and Persuasive Systems

Introduction Challenges, competition, self-actualization, being there (presence), engaging with others (characters), environments, narratives, gadgets and the array of experiences arising via emerging generations of Intern...

Thank you to the 2022 Reviewers

The publishing and editorial teams would like to thank the following, for their invaluable service as 2022 reviewers for this journal. We are very grateful for the contributions made. With their help, the journal has been able to publish such high...

Thank you to the 2021 Reviewers

The publishing and editorial teams would like to thank the following, for their invaluable service as 2021 reviewers for this journal. We are very grateful for the contributions made. With their help, the journal has been able to publish such high...

Internet Research Emerald Literati Awards for Excellence 2021

We are pleased to announce the 2021 winners of the Internet Research Emerald Literati Awards for Excellence. The awards celebrate and reward the outstanding contributions of our authors, reviewers, and editorial ...

Internet Research Emerald Literati Awards for Excellence 2015-2020

We are pleased to announce the winners of the Internet Research Emerald Literati Awards for Excellence in 2015 - 2020. The awards celebrate and reward the outstanding contributions of o...

Literati awards

Fireworks celebration

Internet Research - Literati Award Winners 2023

We are pleased to announce our 2023 Literati Award winners. Outstanding Paper Laziness as an explanation for the privacy paradox: a longitudinal ...

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Internet Research Emerald Literati Awards for Excellence 2022

We are pleased to announce the 2022 winners of the Internet Research Emerald Literati Awards for Excellence. The awards celebrate and reward the outstanding contributions of our authors, reviewers, and editorial team....

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Internet Research - Literati Award Winners 2021

We are pleased to announce our 2021 Literati Award winners.   Outstanding Paper Wang, X. and Song, Y. (2020), "Viral misinformation and echo chambers: the diffusion of rumors about genetically mo...

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Internet Research - Literati Award Winners 2020

We are pleased to announce our 2020 Literati Award winners.   Outstanding paper Hornik, J., Shaanan Satchi, R. and Rachamim, M. (2019), "The joy of pain: A gloating account of negative electronic...

This wide-ranging interdisciplinary journal looks at the social, ethical, economic and political implications of the internet. Recent issues have focused on online and mobile gaming, the sharing economy, and the dark side of social media.

Signatory of DORA logo

Aims and scope

Internet Research is an international, refereed journal that aims to describe, assess and foster understanding of the role of wide-area, multi-purpose computer networks such as the Internet.

The Internet continues to gather influence and momentum, and it becomes increasingly important to be aware of the potential applications of this powerful resource throughout professional, political, personal and academic life. We therefore strongly encourage research that develops theoretical insights and understanding on topics and issues addressing the potential social, ethical, economic and political implications which arise from mass public access to information resources. 

Coverage includes but is not limited to:

  • Societal and ethical issues (e.g., internet addiction, cyberbullying, online fraud, spreading of rumours, invasion of privacy, infringement of intellectual property rights, and social inclusion/exclusion)
  • Economic implications (e.g., electronic commerce, mobile commerce, and social commerce)
  • Managerial and organisational issues (e.g., Internet use practices, management policies and governance mechanisms)
  • Political implications (e.g., civic engagement, collective action, Internet-related policy research)  

Latest articles

These are the latest articles published in this journal (Last updated: May 2024)

Social influence and the choice of product upgrades: evidence from virtual product adoption in online games

How do small-to-medium-sized e-commerce businesses stay competitive evidence on the critical roles of it capability, innovation, and multihoming, a study on the cross-platform influence mechanism of physicians' live streaming behavior on performance, top downloaded articles.

These are the most downloaded articles over the last 12 months for this journal (Last updated: May 2024)

AI Governance: Themes, Knowledge Gaps, and Future Agendas

Small businesses and e-government participation: the role of personalisation preference and intermediaries, short video marketing: what, when, and how short branded videos facilitate consumer engagement.

These are the top cited articles for this journal, from the last 12 months according to Crossref (Last updated: May 2024)

Tap Here to Power Up! Mobile Augmented Reality for Consumer Empowerment

Exploring the association between the proteus effect and intention to play massive multiplayer online role-playing games (mmorpgs), related journals.

This journal is part of our Information & knowledge management collection. Explore our Information & knowledge management subject area to find out more.  

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Reference Services Review

Reference Services Review is dedicated to the enrichment and advancement of reference knowledge and the improvement of...

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Where to Publish Your Research

  • Introduction
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  • Choosing the Right Journal
  • Open Access and Author Fees
  • Recognizing Predatory Practices
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Tools to Help You Identify Potential Journals

Using databases to identify potential journals, subject specific lists.

If you would like to suggest a subject-specific list, please contact David Nolfi with your recommendation.

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Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering

  • Covers laboratory and field testing, methods of computation and field observation of structural behavior.
  • Maintains a strong link between engineering geology and rock engineering.
  • Provides a bridge between fundamental developments and practical applications.
  • Topics include energy related rock mechanics, petroleum engineering, geothermal systems, geothermal systems, energy storage, greenhouse gas sequestration, and waste disposal.

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Latest issue

Volume 57, Issue 5

Latest articles

Study on the ae characteristics and energy evolution mechanism of sandstone with different aspect ratios under biaxial compression.

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Experimental Investigation on Freeze–Thaw Damage Mechanism of Xiyu Conglomerate Under Uniaxial Cyclic Loading

  • Chaojun Jia
  • Ruifeng Pang

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Study on Influence of Preset Circular Holes on Propagation of Blast-Induced Cracks Based on Experiments and Discrete Element Simulations

  • Minghua Lin
  • Baiquan Lin

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Constant-Head Step-Injection Tests Using a Conventional Straddle-Sliding-Packer System for Investigating the Shear Capabilities of Minor Faults

  • Eiichi Ishii

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Dynamic Mode II Fracture Characteristics and Shear Surface Morphology of Granite Under Triaxial Confining Pressure

  • Chenxi Zhang

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Journal updates

Giovanni barla best paper award 2023.

Each year, the editors of Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering annually present the Giovanni Barla Best Paper Award . This award is named in honor of the late Giovanni Barla, Editor-in-Chief from 2001 to 2019, in recognition of his invaluable contribution to the journal.

The selection panel is composed of the Editor-in-Chief, the Co-Editor and Associate Editors and we are pleased to announce the winners for 2023.

Special Issues

Here you will find information about all special issues published in the last years

Journal information

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    This wide-ranging interdisciplinary journal looks at the social, ethical, economic and political implications of the internet. Recent issues have focused on online and mobile gaming, the sharing economy, and the dark side of social media. ISSN: 1066-2243. eISSN: 1066-2243.

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    The journal Research accepts submissions for original research articles, reviews, perspectives, and editorials. Prior to submission, each author should review and be prepared to fulfill the submission requirements outlined in the Publication Ethics page and comply with following limitations.

  28. Noninvasive Ventilation for Preoxygenation during Emergency Intubation

    Among critically ill adults undergoing tracheal intubation, hypoxemia increases the risk of cardiac arrest and death. The effect of preoxygenation with noninvasive ventilation, as compared with pre...

  29. Identifying Potential Journals

    Edanz Journal Selector Enter your abstract or article description in the Journal Selector to find journals that publish in related areas. Currently matching to over 18,000 journals. Currently matching to over 18,000 journals.

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    Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering publishes original research on the experimental and theoretical aspects of rock mechanics. ... Editor-in-Chief from 2001 to 2019, in recognition of his invaluable contribution to the journal. The selection panel is composed of the Editor-in-Chief, the Co-Editor and Associate Editors and we are pleased to ...