what is the most common essay type in ielts

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IELTS Essays: Five Types of IELTS Essays

There are 5 types of IELTS essays which can appear in IELTS writing task 2. These types of essays are for both GT and Academic writing task 2. Below you will find sample essay questions for each type of essay and links to model answers.  Please note that IELTS teachers sometimes divide essays into different categories based on how they teach.

1) IELTS Opinion Essay

This type of essay is where you are presented with someone else’s opinion and you are asked if you agree or disagree with it. The opinion is often flawed or extreme in its views. Some teachers call this the Argumentative Essay. The instructions can be written in a number of ways. Below are a few examples:

• To what extent do you agree?
• Do you agree?
• Do you agree or disagree?
• What is your opinion?

No matter how the instructions are written, you can take any position you want: agree, disagree or partial agreement (balanced view). Below is an example essay question:

Opinion Essay Question:  Some people think that only electric cars should be allowed on the road by 2040. Do you agree?

2) IELTS Discussion Essay

This type of essay presents you with a statement and you must present the two sides. This might be two sides of the same issue:

Some people think there should be free health care for all people, but others disagree. Discuss both sides.

Or it might be two separate issues which you need to discuss:

Some people think that urban spaces should be used for parks rather than for housing. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

3) IELTS Advantage Disadvantage Essays

There are two types of questions in this category.

i) Advantage and Disadvantage Essay

This is similar to a discussion essay where you are given a statement must present the positive and negative side of the issue:

Some people think it is good for students to take a gap year before going to university. What are the advantages and disadvantages of doing so?

ii) Outweigh Essay

This is by far the most difficult of the two essay types in this category. It requires you to present an opinion and explain your opinion.

Some people think the world will eventually have only one language. Do you think the advantages of having one global language outweigh the disadvantages?

4) IELTS Solution Essays

There are a number of types of possible questions in this category:

i) Solution Only

Some children have serious weight problems. What are the possible solutions?

ii) Cause Solution

Children in rural areas are being left behind in their academic development. Why is this is the case? What solutions can you suggest?

iii) Problem Solution

More and more people are moving to cities to look for work. What problems does this cause? What are the possible solutions?

5) Direct Questions Essays

Some teachers call these the Two Question Essay. However, these types of essay questions might contain one, two or three questions for you to answer. Below are some examples.

Pollution around the world is becoming a serious problem. Do you think this is a problem that should be solved internationally or on a local level?

In the question above, you are asked one specific question. Your whole essay must tackle this question only.

More and more people are choosing to work from home. Is this a positive or negative development?

This essay question has just one issue and one question. You must explain what type of development you think working from home is.

Some people spend a lot of money on weddings. Why do they do this? Do you think it is good to spend a lot of money on weddings?

Above, you will see you have been presented with two questions to answer: reasons and opinion (evaluating if it is good or not.) 

News editors decide what to print in newspapers and what to broadcast on TV. What factors do you think influence these decisions? Do we become used to bad news? Would it be better if more news was reported?

As you can see there are three questions to answer in this essay question. It is not common to get three questions. If you get three, just tackle them one at a time in a logical order.

Practice Essay Questions for IELTS

You can find over 100 essay questions to practice on this page: 100 IELTS Essay Questions . The questions are divided first into topics and then into essay types. This way you can get lots of practice before your actual test day.

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Hello, Liz! I wonder can we hold a neutral view in “positive or negative” essays? I’ve found some questions that we really can have a balanced opinion online, so at this point what should I do?

The biggest problem people have is understanding the words “balanced view”. A balanced view is definitely NOT neutral. Not at all. If you take a neutral position for an opinion essay you will fail on Task Response and get a low score. A balanced view means you don’t have an extreme view, such as fully agree or fully disagree. It is more like a partial agreement, where there are aspects you are agreeing with, but not fully. Or it is a specific view point that is unique to you. But it not neutral. You must have a very clear opinion every time you are asked to give an opinion or to choose. See my advanced lessons if you struggle with it: https://elizabethferguson.podia.com/

Hello Liz, I just saw my test results and wanted to tell you about the questions they asked me here in Australia.

In Task 1 of the writing section, they presented a table and a graph. The main topic was the number of internet searches made between 2004 and 2010. The table showed the total searches in 2004 in billions and the number of searches in 2010, also in billions. It was a line graph where the vertical axis showed the percentage and the horizontal axis showed the years (moths with years). The lines represented the different search engines like Google, Yahoo, and two others that I can’t remember.

Regarding Task 2, the essay was about the issue of overweight. Some people think it could be solved by increasing the prices of fattening foods, and the question was how much I agreed with this. They asked for examples from personal or close experiences.

Honestly, I didn’t achieve the required score, but still, this is an excellent source for studying, and I will continue using it to achieve the score I need. Thank you so much, Liz!

Thanks for sharing 🙂 Wishing you the best of luck with your target score!!

Hi Liz, I hope you are doing well. I really do not understand what kind of question is it. I think it is an opinion essay but sill have some doubts. Could you please tell me how to solve this kind of questions? “Many countries are experiencing population growth and need more homes. Should these new houses be constructed in existing cities or should new towns be built in the countryside?”

This is a Direct Question Essay with only one question. It is asking you for your opinion about two possible options. Your task is to decide if you think there should be housing rather than new towns or whether you think there should ne new towns instead of housing. You present your view and then explain it.

Thank you so much Mam.

Hii dear liz, First of all thank you very much for providing us such kind of informative content. I have lot of learn things from your videos and written materials. I have an issue in grammer. Could you please give me any idea which would assist me to overcome my grammatical error….please let me know as soon as possible

I understand. Grammar is counts for 25% of your marks in IELTS writing. This is the reason I put together my Grammar E-book for Writing task 2. You can find it in my store: https://elizabethferguson.podia.com/

Thank so much Mam

Response to opinion based essay:

Electric cars are progressively replacing non-electric cars by the end of 2040. While it is possible that electric ones will eventually replace the other cars, it is unlikely that they will end up serving the same purpose. This essay will discuss why only few electric cars will be carried out by people.

Electric cars may eventually replace non-electric cars that are not compatible for the environment. Many people think that only electric powered vehicles should be allowed on the road because they emit far less emissions,and less maintenance is required. In China, for example many non-electric motors have been replaced by plug-in vehicles that are more environment friendly and budgeted. For these reasons, cars that can be replaced by electricity will be replaced.

Conversely, there are multiple factors that only electric cars will not be allowed only. Put simply, these factors include affordability and infrastructure development. A necessary framework including charging stations, grid capacity must be required. Without charging stations, drivers may face anxiety and hesitant to switch to electric cars. Additionally, switching completely to electric ones will increase a demand of charging from the grid stations.

It is increasingly likely that powered vehicles will end most non-powered cars. In most of the countries, traveling will be done entirely by electric cars; however, where the money and development are major issues they will always exist. Ultimately, addition of very few electrical cars is valuable but it is not a complete replacement of other cars.

Please get my advanced lessons to learn the correct way to write an IELTS essay: https://elizabethferguson.podia.com/ . Each advanced lesson takes 1 hour for me to explain how to write one type of essay. It isn’t something I can explain in a short message. An IELTS essay has specific requirements which you need to learn about. If I could give you small pointers, I would. But you really need to learn the right way in detail.

dear Liz i am very grateful to u for presenting helpful notes here. they are truly informative. i downloaded your series of grammar book last year and learned quite good topics that i used to find challenging. do you have any grammar notes for IELTS beginners?

Sorry, I don’t have anything for beginners. My Grammar E-book basically covers everything I can thing of. Is there something specific you are interested in? If you let me know, I could plan to create something.

Hlo mam ..I am not able to use proper grammer in task 1 ..and to be honest I don’t know which grammer is to be use in different graphs charts etc could u plz tell me mam..r can u plz tell me the accurate souce where ..would I find ..proper … instructions tht how to or what grammer we should use in task 1..I would be very helpful if u rply…??

I don’t have one page or one lesson which focuses on all aspects of grammar for all types of task 1 writing. I suggest you review all my model answers and make notes on sentence structure, tenses, prepositions, articles, noun phrases, clauses, word order etc etc. Model answers can be used for more than only studying structure or general content. Then review all practice lessons and also pay attention to the grammar being used. There’s a lot of free materials to study: https://ieltsliz.com/ielts-writing-task-1-lessons-and-tips/

hy liz i want to sample answers of ielts academic writing task 2

Model essays and tips for writing task 2 are found on this page: https://ieltsliz.com/ielts-writing-task-2/

Hello Liz, please I want to be receiving updates to enable me prepare for my IELTS exam.

There are over 300 page of practice lessons, tips, model answers and topics on this website which you should be using now for your IELTS preparation. Go to the HOME page to learn how to use this website. I post new lessons and tips once or twice a month because my website already has so many tips and lessons.

Hello mam, thank you for your great note in this important topic. In concern of how to organize the body of the essay writing I think it is hard to follow the arrangement of the question you gave on the note. Can use each paragraph for each opinion and add an introduction and a conculsion for that to develope my essay writing ?

You can find free model essays, tips etc on this page: https://ieltsliz.com/ielts-writing-task-2/ You can find advanced lessons and e-books in my store: https://elizabethferguson.podia.com/

Hi Liz, Do I write and underline my headings for example, do I write an introduction underline, and do the same with other headings?

My second question is do I write an introduction, overview, Paragraphs 1&2, then conclusion for task 2, essay writing?

As you can see from my model essays, no titles or headings are required for your essay. The paragraph format you can find tips for on the main writing task 2 page: https://ieltsliz.com/ielts-writing-task-2/ You’ll also find model essays on that page.

Hi Liz, Kindly advise which are the two top essay types that frequently appears on the test day. I am expecting to take IELTS test two weeks from now and think I do not have enough time to practice all 5 question types. In addition, I assume that each question types are not equally tested. Thank you for your kindness.

No matter what people tell you, all the types of essays are possible. Focusing on only two is really taking a risk. You have two weeks before your test which is quite a lot of time to review the five types and ideas for topics as well. If I had to pick two types of essays, it would be the Opinion Essay and the Discussion Essay – but it really could be any type. Here is my advice, get my three advanced lessons for writing task 2, together they will cover three types of essays in three hours all together. This is a link to my store: https://elizabethferguson.podia.com/ . For the other two types of essays, review my model essays on this page: https://ieltsliz.com/ielts-writing-task-2/ , also review the linking words, how many paragraphs and other tips as well. Good luck!!

Hello Liz, is it okay to use templates for writing task 2 that is available online some say it decrease our band score while others say it will increase our band scores. I am really confused at the moment.

If you are aiming for a low band score, it’s fine. If you are aiming for a higher band score, it won’t help. The examiners are trained to spot the difference between a templated essay with memorised language in it and an essay that shows your own level of English.

I learnt a lot from Your lessons and only because of You I achieved the score I was aiming for. Honestly, thank You very very much. You are doing a wonderful job.

Best wishes from Lithuania!

I’m glad to hear you got the score you needed. Well done 🙂 Greetings to all in Lithuania!

I just want to ask, in the opinion essay, should we always present both sides? For instance, if the question only asks for our opinion on the matter (no mention of discussing both sides) should we still do it? Alternatively, can we just structure the essay to show our opinion and each paragraph elaborates on reasons why that is our opinion? Will doing it this way (not mentioning both sides) adversely affect our band score? Thank you!

I suggest you get my Advanced Lessons to learn properly. I generally don’t teach how to write an Opinion Essay in a short message. It takes me nearly an hour by video to do this. Here’s a link to my store: https://elizabethferguson.podia.com/

Thank you so much Liz. This video has been helpful. I have a question.

In Britain, when someone gets old they often go to live in a home with other old people where there are nurses to look after them. Sometimes the government has to pay for this care. Who do you think should pay for this care, the government or the family? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.

Is this an opinion essay which will follow exactly the structure you just taught or a discussion essay.

This is a Direct Question essay. Please remember that each teacher gives different names for essay types. I call this the Direct Question Essay because you are being given a direct question to answer. It might be one question, two or even three questions. Your whole essay explains your answer.

Hi Liz Do you think this is a positive or negative development? What type of essay is this please?

I’ve just added it to the page above. Take a look.

Hello Liz: I recently came across this essay. My question is what type of essay is this? Do you have any model essays on this type of essay? The essay is: In your view, what is the most important thing for governments to spend money on: education, health, transportation, or something else? Give reasons for your answers and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge.

You said that you “came across” this essay question. Where did you come across it? Did you find it in one of the IELTS Cambridge test books? Only use authentic test questions. If you don’t use proper sources for your IELTS preparation, you will easily get confused about the test and this won’t help your preparation.

Thanks, Liz! This is now clear to me as I came across the question from a ‘model IELTS Essay topics’. published by a local company.

That sounds like the problem. You ought to use the IELTS Cambridge test books which are real test published by IELTS. I have collected over 100 essay questions over the years and they are also safe to use. You can find them linked to the main writing task 2 section of this site: https://ieltsliz.com/ielts-writing-task-2/

Thank you, Liz, for your comments and the link. I wish you good health and happiness!

Hope you are keeping well. I am not able to score more than 6.5 in my writing test. I have scored 8.5 in Listening, Reading & Speaking but writing disappoints every time. Where can I find model answer to evaluate where am I lacking? I have taken 2 computer based tests for far and scheduled 3rd one in 5 days. I need band score 7 in Writing to achieve my target.

You can find some model answers in the main writing task 2 section my website along with other essential tips: https://ieltsliz.com/ielts-writing-task-2/ . I also have paid advanced lessons which might help you understand where you are going wrong. They can be bought in my online store: https://elizabethferguson.podia.com/ . Each lesson focuses on one specific essay type and explains paragraph by paragraph what to do.

Liz, thank you so much for your help. Two weeks ago I took the IELTS exam and surprisingly get 9 in Reading section!

Fantastic!! Well done to you 🙂

Hi Liz,I really need help with opinion essays especially for the part that asks to what extent do you agree or disagree?am I supposed to discuss both sides,thank you

I suggest you get my advanced lessons for the opinion essay: https://elizabethferguson.podia.com/ . It isn’t something that can be taught in a short message.

Your materials and videos have sincerely been helpful. Thank you very much for such a selfless act. My exam is in a week time, I have only 10days to prepare for my IELTS GT. I would give you an update on how it goes. Cheers

Hi Liz! I am preparing for my IELTS and I have found your website very helpful, very precise information is given and it talk to the point. thank you for providing good content. keep up the great work.

reagrds Neha Shah

You’re welcome 🙂

Thanks a lot Liz . Your materials and tutorials helped me a lot in my preparation for my IELTS . Followed your tips and videos for 3 weeks . Able to score 7.5 overall.

Thank you again for the great help you provide.

Wonderful news! Very well done 🙂 It’s a great overall score!

Thank you so much Liz for the work you do. Your videos, website and materials helped me in my preparations. I just got my results, it was a band 8 overall. Have a splendid 2022.

Wonderful !! A great result! Wishing you all the best for 2022 !! 🙂

Hi Liz I’m from Sri Lanka. Thank you for all your guidance. Today I sat for IELTS academic paper. Task 1 was a bar chart, percentage of young people in higher education in for countries in 3 years. Task 2- news has no connection with people’s life so it’s a waste of time to read best from newspaper and watch news program on tv. To which extent do you agree. I hope these will help you. Waru

Hi Liz, I follow all your videos and they are very helpful. I gave my speaking exam last week. But now I think the cue card question was to describe a leisure activity I enjoy and I talked about a leisure activity I am planning to enjoy. I am really worried if it will affect my band score. But my talk was fluent . Can you give me your insights?

It won’t make any difference to your score. As long as your talk is based on the main topic (leisure activity), it’s ok. Your score won’t be negatively impacted in any way at all.

Hi Liz, Im Janet from kenya. thank you for the good work you are doing. im preparing for my exams in 4 weeks time. your content is very helpful and I like the way you explain things. im a slow learner and i find your pace very good for me. Thank you again. keep up the good job.

Good luck with your preparation and test 🙂

Thank you Liz

Hi Liz, hope you are doing well. Liz I have silly question I know but I’m really stuck in this problem and I was wondering if you can help me with this issue.. The problem is writing a topic sentence, you said in advanced lectures that topic sentence should be written carefully because it is kind of more important .. Please can you tell me that among these 2 topic sentences of BP1, which one is okay and looks relevant?

1] Although we are living in prosperous times, with people in many countries enjoying a higher standard of living than ever before, there are still millions of people in the world who are living in poverty.

2] Instead of wasting lots of money on exploration of space, governments ought to focus on local problems such as poverty eradication. There are millions of……

Essay statement; Space exploration is a luxury that we cannot afford. Instead of spending billions of dollars on space programs, governments should use this money to fight global problems such as poverty, disease and climate change. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion.

Kind regards

The first step is to underline the key words in the essay question: space exploration, spending billions, fighting global problems (examples). Now make sure your topic sentence covers those aspects. Neither of the topic sentences you have listed really works because, while the second one is obviously more carefully connected to the essay question, it doesn’t leave room for any other paragraph as you are tackling all problems in one paragraph. Also it switches from global problems to local problems which is confusing. However, in terms of which of your sentences connects to the essay question properly, it is the second one. This essay is all about funding for space exploration and whether it is relevant in today’s world or not given all our global problems.

I love your lessons and tips. They are really helpful and you are extraordinarily devoting. Here I have a question about the answer you left under Khola’s comment. What do you mean by “no room left for other paragraphs as you tackled all problems in one paragraph”?

Looking forward to your response.

Sincerely, Ella

It means that if you put all your ideas into one paragraph, you won’t have any more ideas for other paragraphs. By choosing one main focal point for one paragraph, you have the ability to use other ideas for other paragraphs. So many people say “I can’t think of how to make my essay long enough”. The answer is to be more careful about how you use your ideas. First, brainstorm ideas. Then select the best ideas. Then decide carefully which ideas can go into which paragraph. Then pay attention as to whether some ideas should go together or some ideas should be separated into different paragraphs. There is a lot to think about in the planning stage. It is crucial to plan carefully and strategically.

Electric cars are currently being developed by many well-known automotive companies. Many people still question whether electric cars are a feasible replacement for petrol and diesel-fuelled vehicles. In this essay, I will explore the opinions for and against the use of electric cars and their replacement of petrol and diesel-fuelled cars.

On one hand, electric cars are environment friendly. They require no non-renewable energy and are clean to run and maintain on the road. To support this opinion, recent studies show that the use of electric cars helps to curb pollution in urban and rural areas. Clearly, electric cars are one way to tackle ecological concerns and support a ‘greener’ environment.

On the other hand, electric cars are inconvenient to maintain and to dispose of. The driver of an electric vehicle must recharge his car approximately every 100 kms. In addition, the plutonium battery of an electric car is toxic to the environment and must be safely disposed of through expensive means. In brief, scientists are still exploring ways to produce these types of vehicles so that they are easier to manufacture, maintain and use safely.

To sum up, it’s evident that there are both pros and cons of electric vehicles. Despite the expense of development and the inconvenience of recharging electric cars, I still believe strongly that it is well worth the investment to continue research and production of these vehicles. To conclude, we should remain open, supportive to the use of electric cars and to their development in the future.

Recently i sat for IELTS exam, and the GT Writting Task 2 was about transport and they asked “ Do you think it has more advantages or more disadvantage?”

For this would it be option question or Adv/Disadv question? How is the structure for that type?

I wrote both sides and gave my opinion in the conclusion… but not sure if its right… i got 6.5 for writing.

Also, if you can advise how they ask the questions to determine what type of essay it would be so it can easy for us to identify.

Thanks and appreciate all your help.

That is an “outweigh” essay – do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.

Hi Liz I have my exam this week and searching for model questions for April 2021. I checked on your site but model essay questions were available till March so if you can recommend me to follow something for latest Also, can you please share me the link for model answers of March Model Essay Questions?

I am eagerly waiting to hear from you.

The model essays are to be used for all years of the test. The topics are often recycled and the techniques for essay writing are 100% the same as always. The test format hasn’t changed and neither has the marking. All pages of this site are 100% relevant to the test today.

I have purchased material from you in 2019 but somehow because of my system crash I could not recover anything. Please can you share the link to access the notes that will be very grateful as I want to reattempt IELTS again. Because of Corona, I was not in my town to connect with you regarding this.

I’ve just resent your access link. Check both your inbox and spam folder.

Hi I booked my test in May 2021 I was just wondering which one is latest book i can refer? I have heard Cambridge books are best but I’m not aware about which version i should go for. Your help would be really appreciated

The IELTS Cambridge books are numbered, at present, from 1 to 15. Number 15 is the most recent and was published in 2020. However, all the books provide useful practice. The general format of the test has not changed. I personally would recommend books from 7 to 15. In July 2021, book 16 will be published.

Hello Liz, this is my first message ever. I would like to thank you for your devotion. Can I start a “ solutions” body in the problem solution essay with “ to get around these problems “ as I found this linking device from the “ new scientist” journal whose translation is seemingly appropriate to that, at least to me.

This means a way to avoid the problem rather that solve the problem. So, it wouldn’t be appropriate for an IELTS essay which asks for solutions. It is better to use: The most effective way to tackle this problem is… X is the way to deal with this issue The answer to solving this problem is ….

Hi Liz, In my exam I got the question of “Are there more advantages or more disadvantages” Is it similar to “Do advantages outweigh disadvantages” ?

Yes, it is 100% the same.

Thanks mam these are quite useful essays.

In the public version of the IELTS writing marking criteria, some linkers are called mechanical and it limit your band score. Some teachers say words like firstly,On one hand,on the other hand are example. I notice you use such words or phrases in ur sample essays. Are they really mechanical? Can you enlighten on what the band descriptors calls mechanical linker

The linkers themselves are not mechanical. All the linking words you have written are suitable for IELTS up to band score 9. The problem is how people use them. It is there use that becomes mechanical. If you have three paragraphs and each one starts with a linking words: Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, it is similar to a machine that always does the same thing each time. So, to avoid this you must be flexible. So, use all suitable linking words, but use them flexibly. The mechanical use of linking words is typical of a band 6 in Coherence and Cohesion. This means that if you are aiming for band 7 and above, you need to use signposting more flexibly.

Your website and materials helped me a lot in my preparations for my ielts test.

I scored a band 8 overall after about 4 weeks of regular practice.

Thank you Liz for the work you do.

Great news! Very well done 🙂

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• Essay Task 2

IELTS Essay Types with Writing Topics and Samples

• Essay Types
• Double Question
• Advantage Disadvantage
• Problem Solution
• Essay Length

IELTS writing task 2 requires you to write an essay of at least 250 words that responds to a given topic. You will need to summarise details, give your opinion and support your reasons and arguments with relevant examples from your own knowledge and experience.  This guide is an overview of each type of IELTS writing task 2 question and contains example questions, useful tips, essay structures and some common mistakes to avoid.

Table of Contents

1.1 overview of ielts writing task 2.

• 1.2 Common Mistakes

2.1 Top tips

2.2 example questions, 2.3 essay structure.

• 2.4 Sample essay

3.1 Top tips

3.2 example questions, 3.3 essay structure, 3.4 sample essay, 4.1 top tips.

• 4.2 Example questions

4.3 Essay structure

4.4 sample essay, 5.1 top tips, 5.2 example questions, 5.3 essay structure.

• 5.4 Sample Essay

6.1 Top tips

• 6.2 Example question

6.3 Essay structure

6.4 sample essay.

• Writing Task 2 Band Descriptors Explained

1. IELTS Writing Task 2 Explained

Writing task 1 asks you to write a report whereas IELTS writing task 2 asks you to write a formal report about a global topic. This is your opportunity to show that you can fully develop your ideas, given an opinion and support your reasons with examples.

After you have spent 20 minutes on writing task 1, you will have 40 minutes left to focus on writing task 2.  Writing task 2 is worth about 66% of your overall writing score .

Your task is to write a formal essay that is at  least 250 words in response to an IELTS statement. We recommend that you aim for 270-290 words to sufficiently develop your ideas .

There are five main types of IELTS writing task 2 essay types:

Read on for tips, sample essays and common mistakes made for each of these essay types.

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2. Opinion Essays

Opinion essay questions may be worded in various ways. Here are some of the most common:

• What is your opinion
• Do you think…

To what extent do you agree?

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

• Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

To address all parts of the task, you need to do the following three things in your opinion essay:

• Choose one side of the argument
• To state your opinion about a given topic
• Support your opinion with clear reasons and examples

A common mistake is to treat an opinion essay in the same way as an advantage/disadvantage essay. To avoid this error, make sure you:

• Pick one side of the argument and develop the best argument for this point using reasons and examples
• Briefly acknowledge the other side of the argument throughout your essay
• Do not give reasons or examples to support the other side of the argument
• Focus on arguments to support your opinion rather than giving advice

Some people think that more money should be spent on protecting endangered species while others think it is a waste of valuable money.

What is your opinion?

Systems of funding university education are different from country to country. While some countries charge students for studying at university, others offer university education for free.

Do you think students should pay for higher education?

Every school system in the world includes regular tests and exams, and many people think that it is important for students to take lots of exams.

Children should not start school until the age of six or seven because they need to have more time to play and develop before they go to school.

Scientists and technology experts seem to be more valued by modern society than musicians and artists.

Here’s our recommended structure for an IELTS opinion essay:

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2.4 Sample Essay on IELTS Opinion Topic

Nowadays, the growing trend in education is to have an increasing number of assessments like tests and exams. Some people argue that this is necessary to improve exam results. However, it is my view that testing in schools has become too frequent and has had a detrimental effect on students. This essay will explain my opinion in further detail.

One reason I believe that students are completing too many tests is that the pressure of preparing and carrying out exams often leads to stress and illness among students. In many countries, it is a common practice to test children from a very early age, such as six or seven years old. As a result, an ever increasing amount of children are now suffering from anxiety and depression brought on by exam pressures. If there were fewer tests, students may have a more enjoyable experience at school and their overall learning outcomes may also improve.

Another argument in favour of reducing the number of exams and tests students take is that children should not only focus on exam preparation, but also the development of other life skills. For instance, students should learn the importance of working together and cooperating as a team as these skills are not only important in their daily lives, but will also enhance their future job prospects. If schools reduced the number of tests they gave, teachers would be able to focus on enhancing and practising these skills in the classroom. Having said that, there are those who argue that frequent testing is essential as it raises the profile and the standards of a school. For instance, these people may argue that children who take tests at a young age will produce better results throughout their school years and raise the overall ranking of an educational institution.

In conclusion, having looked at this topic in detail, although it is true to bear in mind the importance of testing, on balance my view is that schools should reduce the frequency of tests and examinations. By doing this, schools can dedicate more time to the development of essential life skills, as well as allowing children to have free-time to relax and play.

3. Discussion Essays

Identify the question by looking at the instruction words. You should see something similar to:

• Discuss both sides and give your opinion
• Discuss both sides

Choose if you want to take a thesis-led or an evidence-led approach to your essay. Remember:

• Thesis-led- State your opinion in the introduction and restate in the conclusion
• Evidence-led- Give your opinion in the conclusion

A common mistake is that candidates do not discuss both sides of the argument or forget to state their opinion. Make sure to:

• Discuss both sides in each part of your essay (introduction, main body paragraphs and conclusion)
• If you are asked to give your opinion, take a thesis-led approach. If you are not asked for your opinion, it is still a good idea to give it in the conclusion (evidence-led)

Here are some example discussion essay questions:

Some people say that governments are responsible for dealing with environmental issues. Other people believe that it is the individual’s responsibility to take action to protect the environment.

Discuss both views and give your opinion.

Some people think that environmental problems should be solved on a global scale while others believe it is better to deal with them nationally.

There seems to be an increasing number of serious crimes committed each year. While some think the best way is to use the death penalty as a deterrent, many people believe that other measures will be needed.

Discuss both sides.

Some people feel that it is better to live in a city while others believe that life is better in the countryside.

Many people think governments should fund art, while others believe that artists should be responsible for funding their work.

Discuss both views.

Evidence-led

Some people believe that governments should make laws about environmental issues and then strictly enforce those laws. Others say that it is better for governments to encourage and educate the population to make environmental changes.

There is no doubt that the world is facing numerous environmental problems. It is argued by some that the most effective way to address these issues is for the government to implement strict environmental protection laws. However, there are others that argue against government intervention and they should instead focus on promoting green practices by its citizens instead of enforcing legislation.

One reason people believe that environmental laws should be legislated is that it ensures that everyone is aiming for the same standards and following the same set of rules. If these rules are only optional, it is likely that some people and organisations may opt out and choose not to follow them. Therefore, laws need to be put in place to ensure that everyone complies with the same environmental standards. Another argument that can be put forward is that by putting financial tariffs in place for non-environmental practices, positive changes could be seen more quickly. For example, if governments put a levy on plastic bags, people will be less likely to use single-use plastic bags as they will not want to pay.

On the other hand, many people believe that educating the public about environmental changes they can make is more likely to promote change than enforcing laws. These people believe that encouraging people to form more sustainable habits, such as recycling, will be far more effective as people will likely encourage others to do the same as they are not being forced into green-practices by law and they feel a greater sense of autonomy. In addition, it can be argued that governments should value the intelligence of their citizens and treat them like adults that can make up their minds concerning environmental practices, for instance, letting people choose if they want to use a single-use or reusable water bottle.

In conclusion, having looked at both sides of the argument, my view is that the government should both enforce laws in addition to educating the public. They should make sure rules are followed in important areas such as reducing speed limits around cities to reduce levels of pollution. Furthermore, they should also undertake more educational events to persuade the public to choose to act in green ways, rather than do it out of obligation or because they are forced to by law.

4. Problem Solution Essays

Make sure you understand the task requirements for different types of problem/solution essays. There are three question types:

• Write about a problem and possible solutions to that problem
• Write about a cause of a problem and possible solutions
• Only write about the solutions

A common mistake made by test takers is incorrectly identifying the question. You should also be able to recognise typical wording for each problem/solution question type using these examples:

• What problems arise from this and how can they be tackled?
• What do you think the causes are? What are the solutions?
• What solution can you suggest to deal with this problem?

Another useful skill for this essay type is to be able to notice synonyms, for example:

Problem : Situation; resulting in…; issue

Cause : Reason; why

Only solution : address; present; solve; improve; tackle; remedy; deal with

4.2 Example Questions

The internet has transformed the way information is shared and consumed, but it has also created problems that did not exist before.

What are the most serious problems associated with the internet and what solutions can you suggest?

Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems.

Identify two serious ones and suggest ways that governments and individuals can tackle these problems.

On problem faced by almost every large city is traffic congestion

What do you think the causes are? What solutions can you suggest?

More and more wild animals are on the verge of extinction and others are on the endangered list.

What are the reasons for this? What can be done to solve the problem?

In many developing countries, there is a problem with declining quality of air and water from both industry and construction.

What measures could be taken to prevent this?

Essay structure 1

Essay structure 2

Many people find that modern life is faster, busier and more stressful than the past. More and more people are suffering with stress in their daily life, and the rates of stress-related illness are increasing.

What are the main causes of stress in modern life?

How can these problems be tackled?

In recent times, there has been a sharp increase in the number of people who are suffering illnesses connected to a stressful lifestyle. There are several reasons why stress is increasing in modern society, including employment insecurity, the increased reliance on technology and excessive working hours. This essay will examine these issues in more detail and propose possible solutions.

One factor behind stress in modern life is the lack of job security. Nowadays, it is common for people to be employed on zero-hours contracts asn, as a result, this could lead them to worry about the availability of hours and subsequent pay they will receive each week. To deal with this problem, governments could implement laws that would forbid these types of contracts. If this was enforced, workers would be more secure and have less financial stress in their daily lives.

A further cause of stress is the increased use of technology. Although there are a multitude of benefits brought about by technology, it can also have negative effects on the working patterns of employees. For example, many workers feel pressured to check their emails during their free time which can impact their ability to have a healthy work-life balance. One way forward would be for organisations to enstate company policies that prohibit the answering of emails outside of working hours. A further contributing factor to stress can be the long working hours expected of employees. In many cases, people are working increasingly long hours  and there is often a social pressure to work late to be deemed as a good employee. To counteract this problem, governments could put measures in place to monitor maximum working hours of staff.

In conclusion, it is clear there are a range of causes behind the stresses of modern life, many of which are connected to the workplace and technology. Unless these issues are addressed, I believe that stress-related illnesses will continue to rise  and therefore, both governments and employers need to take responsibility and implement measures to take care of employees’ physical and mental wellbeing.

5. Advantage Disadvantage Essays

Advantage/disadvantages essays are usually worded in the following ways:

• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages and give your opinion.
• Describe the advantages and disadvantages of _____ and give your opinion.
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of _____ ?

It is also useful to be able to identify IELTS synonyms for advantages and disadvantages:

• What are the benefits and drawbacks of…?

A common mistake is that candidates do not express their opinion at any point in the essay. There are two methods you could take depending on the question. Take these examples:

• What are some advantages and disadvantages of living in a foreign country? You are not being asked to give your opinion but you should still give your opinion in the conclusion (evidence-led approach)
•  Do the advantages of living in the country outweigh the disadvantages? You should give your opinion in the introduction and then restate this in the conclusion

In the past, when students did a university degree, they tended to study in their own country. Nowadays, they have more of an opportunity to study abroad.

Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?

Today children spend a lot of their free time watching TV.

Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages of this practice?

The threat of nuclear weapons maintains world peace. Nuclear power provides cheap and clean energy.

The benefits of nuclear technology far outweigh the disadvantages.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

In the past, when students did a university degree, they tended to study in their own country. Nowadays, they have the opportunity to study abroad.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of this development?

More and more people prefer to read news online rather than on paper.

Do you think  the advantages of this trend outweigh the disadvantages?

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge and experience.

Thesis-led approach

Evidence-led approach

5.4 Sample Answer

Some people find living in the country enjoyable and relaxing, whereas others would not like to live in the country and prefer living in a big city instead.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in the countryside?

In recent years, a significant number of people have decided to move out of large cities in favour of living in more rural areas. Many believe there are significant benefits of doing this, while others think that there are drawbacks connected to living in the countryside. This essay will examine both points of view before I give my opinion.

One advantage of living in the country is that the pace of life is slower. If you live in the countryside, there are less daily pressures and you are not stuck in the rat race as you might be in a busy city. Furthermore, people have more time in their daily lives to dedicate to their physical and mental health. As a result, people living in the countryside have a greater quality of life and sense of wellbeing. Another benefit of living in the countryside is that there is less traffic congestion and more space dedicated to cycle paths and pedestrian areas. In other words, the air quality is better in the country which is also enhanced by the larger amount of green spaces.

On the other hand, there are some disadvantages of living in the country. One drawback, especially for younger people, is that there are less amenities and forms of entertainment than the city. For example, there is often a lack of nightlife which means that life for teenagers and young adults may become boring and monotonous. ANother drawback is that there are less job prospects. Living in the country means that it is generally difficult to acquire high-paying job opportunities, particularly if you want to climb the ladder and progress.

To sum up, it is clear that there are both advantages and disadvantages of living in the countryside. In my opinion, the drawbacks outweigh the benefits, especially from the point of view of young people. Although it is true that busy cities can be more stressful, on balance, I believe that cities provide more opportunities and excitement than living in the country.

6. Double Question Essays

For a double question essay, you must address both questions. A common mistake people make is to only address one question. To avoid this, make sure to:

• Identify that you have been given two questions to answer
• Give yourself enough time to dedicate to each question
• Address both questions in your introduction and conclusion
• Focus on one question in the first body paragraph and the other question in the second body paragraph

6.2 Example questions

The internet is a good source of information and has opened up opportunities for people all over the world.

Is all the information reliable online?

What could be done to control information online?

Many people prefer to watch foreign films rather than locally produced films.

Why could this be?

Should governments give more financial support to local film industries?

Nowadays, many people have easy access to computers and a large number of children play computer games.

What are the negative impacts of playing computer games?

What can be done to minimise these effects?

In spite of the advances in medicine, many people around the world still die from preventable diseases.

Why is this the case?

What can be done about this problem?

In most countries, the major museums are owned by the government, and some governments have decided not to charge people to enter those museums.

What are the pros and cons of making museums free to enter for everyone?

Do you think all governments should make major museums free for everyone?

The majority of governments around the world have decided to abolish entry fees to their most important museums. Some people believe that this puts a financial burden on the taxpayer and that the government should focus their spending on more significant projects. However, it is my view that making museums free is an effective use of government spending that has financial and cultural benefits.

One argument in favour of ensuring all museums are free to the public is that it will increase tourist numbers. Tourists are often attracted to cities with free cultural attractions, therefore, fee-free museums could be one determining factor that causes tourists to visit a country. In addition, local people can also benefit from this scheme as it opens opportunities to access culture and learning for those living in that city, particularly for those from low-income families that may otherwise be unable to access these experiences.

On the other hand, some argue that the government should reevaluate its priorities and spend less money funding museums and more expenditure on important sectors like education and health. These people believe that education and health are more fundamental to people’s lives. In times of austerity, it is often argued that spending on art and culture is not justified. Furthermore, the entrance fees for museums are often low and considered affordable for most people.

In conclusion, although I believe it is true that the allocation of government resources should prioritise important sectors such as health and education, on balance I believe that museums should be made free as it allows people from all socio-economic backgrounds the opportunity to learn and experience a country’s cultural treasures. If governments do decide to charge people to enter museums, this will only benefit those who can afford to pay whilst excluding those on lower incomes.

7. Writing Task 2 Band Descriptors Explained

7.1 task response (25%).

To achieve a high band score in task achievement, you must:

• Produce a formal essay (unlike writing task 1, you are allowed to use the first person ‘I’ to give your opinion in this essay)
• Write at least 250 words (you need to be able to sufficiently develop your ideas)
• Address all the issues given in the essay question (e.g. if the question asks you to discuss both sides of the argument, you should not only write about 1 side)
• Make sure your essay focuses on the specific issues in the statement question, not just the general essay topic
• Support your ideas with relevant examples

7.2 Coherence and Cohesion (25%)

To achieve a high band score in Coherence and Cohesion, you must:

• Organise your essay logically
• Use paragraphs (ideally four-five paragraphs: an introduction, two/three main body paragraphs and a conclusion)
• Only focus on one issue per paragraph and develop your argument
• Use a range of linking devices accurately and appropriately
• Use referencing effectively to avoid repetition (e.g., using ‘this’ or a pronoun to refer to refer back in your text to a noun/noun phrase)

7.3 Lexical Resource (25%)

To achieve a high band score in Lexical Resource, you must:

• Paraphrase carefully using a range of synonyms/antonyms/ collocations
• Use a range of vocabulary appropriate to the topic
• Show understanding of collocations (e.g. verb noun collocations)
• Avoid making spelling mistakes
• Avoid making errors in word choice
• Avoid informal language (e.g. slang and contractions)

7.4 Grammatical Range and Accuracy (25%)

To achieve a high band score in Grammatical Range and Accuracy, you must:

• Use a range of grammar tenses (e.g. past, present, future and perfect tenses; conditionals;)
• Make sure you use appropriate words order
• Use a range of sentences structures (e.g. simple and complex; active and passive voice)
• Use the correct punctuation (capital letters, full stops, commas etc.)
• Avoid grammatical errors, especially those that cause difficulty for the reader (give yourself time to read through your essay at the end of the test and check for errors)

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IELTS Task 2 Essays Understand the 5 Different Types

There are 5 main types of IELTS Task 2 essays:

1)    Opinion Essays  

2)    Discussion Essays

3)    Problem Solution Essays

4)    Advantages & Disadvantages Essays

5)    Double Question Essays

Most questions fit one of these categories. However, questions can be written in many different ways, which can make it difficult to determine which type they are.

On this page, I want to give you an overview of all 5 IELTS Task 2 essay types, with samples questions to help you recognise some of the different wording often used. I’ve also included a basic structure for each that you can use to as a guide for essay planning, a vital step in the writing process.

I go into each type of question in more detail on its own page.  Click the links above or at the bottom of this page to see these. 

First, here’s the basic 4 part structure I recommend that you use for Task 2 essays:

1)  Introduction

2)  Main Body Paragraph 1 

3)  Main Body Paragraph 2 

4)  Conclusion

Want  to watch and listen to this lesson?

Click on this video.

The sort of information you include in each of the 4 sections will vary depending on the question type and that’s what I’m now going to outline for you.

These easy to learn structures will enable you to quickly plan and write any IELTS Task 2 essay.

The structures below are not the only ones you could use but they are the ones I recommend because they’re simple and give proven results.

1) Opinion Essays

These are sometimes called ‘agree or disagree’ or ‘argumentative’ essays and are one of the most common types of IELTS Task 2 question.

The first part of the question will be a statement. You will then be asked to give your own opinion about the statement. Here is some typical wording that might be used:

• What is your opinion?
• Do you agree or disagree?
• To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Here is an example of each:

• Choose one side of the argument.
• State your opinion clearly in the introduction.
• Keep the same opinion throughout the essay.
• Give reasons why you hold this view.

It doesn’t matter which side of the argument you take or even that you agree with it. Choose the one you can develop the best argument for.

Don’t change your opinion part way through the essay and don’t give reasons for the opposing idea.

Essay Structure

1) Introduction

• Paraphrase the question
• Give your opinion
• State two supporting reasons

2) Main body paragraph 1

• Topic sentence – outline 1st reason for supporting this view
• Explanation – explain this idea
• Example – give an example

3)  Main body paragraph 2

• Topic sentence – outline 2nd reason for supporting this view
• Summarise opinion and key reasons

2) Discussion Essays

In discussion essays, you have to discuss both sides of an argument. Usually, you will be asked for your own opinion as well.

The easiest way to approach this type of IELTS Task 2 question is to choose one point of view to agree with and one side to disagree with.

Here are 3 examples of discussion essay questions:

• Develop both sides of the argument.
• Talk about the view you don’t agree with first.

A big mistake many students make is to fully develop only one point of view. This leads to an unbalanced essay and a low score for task achievement. 

It is easier to begin by discussing the opinion you don’t agree with and then present the reasons for your opposing view.

2)  Main body paragraph 1 – Negative Viewpoint

• Topic sentence – outline the view you don’t agree with
• Explanation – explain why this view is held by some people

3)  Main body paragraph 2 – Positive Viewpoint

• Topic sentence – outline the view you do agree with
• Summarise the key points and state your opinion

3)  Problem Essays  

These are sometimes called ‘causes and solutions’ or ‘problems and solutions’ essays. This type of IELTS Task 2 question starts with a statement, then asks you to discuss the problems or causes and the solutions.

• Don’t list lots of causes and solutions.
• Choose just one or two and develop them fully.
• Be sure to link each problem/cause and its solution.

A common mistake is for candidates to list all the problems/causes and solutions they can think of, not necessarily linking them together.  They also fail to explain any of them in detail and don’t include any examples.

The wording of this type of essay question can vary considerably.  Here are 3 examples of problem essay questions:

• State 1 key problem/cause and related solution

2)  Main body paragraph 1 – Problem or Cause

• Topic sentence – state the problem or cause
• Explanation – give detail explaining the problem or cause

3)  Main body paragraph 2 – Solution

• Topic sentence – state the solution
• Explanation – give detail explaining the solution

4)  Advantages & Disadvantages Essays

The first part of the question will be a statement. You will be asked to write about both the advantages and disadvantages of the idea stated.

Here is some typical wording that might be used:

• What are the advantages and disadvantages of….?
• Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages and give your opinion.

Here are 3 examples of advantages and disadvantages essay questions:

Each of these different types of questions fits into one of two slightly different essay structures. We’ll look at these in detail on the main IELTS Task 2 Advantages & Disadvantages Essays page. For now, I’ll give you the basic structure.

• Outline the view or views stated the statement

2)  Main body paragraph 1 – Advantage

• Topic sentence – state 1 advantage
• Explanation – give detail explaining the advantage
• Result – state the result

3)  Main body paragraph 2 – Disadvantage

• Topic sentence – state 1 disadvantage
• Explanation – give detail explaining the disadvantage
• Summarise the key points
• State your opinion if required

5)  Double Question Essays

This type of IELTS Task 2 question is sometimes called a ‘direct question’ or ‘two questions’ essay. It has one statement with two different questions after it. The questions may or may not be linked.

• You must answer both questions fully.
• Don’t confuse it with an opinion or a discussion essay.
• Be careful that you don’t end up with too many ideas to write about.

Here are 3 examples of double question essay questions:

• Outline sentence – state your answer to both questions

2)  Main body paragraph 1 – Answer question 1

• Topic sentence – state your answer
• Explanation – explain why you think this

3)  Main body paragraph 2 – Answer question 2

• Summarise both questions and answers

I hope you’ve found this information useful. You can learn lots more about writing the 5 different types of IELTS Task 2 essay and see sample answers on these pages:

The 5 Task 2 Essay Types:

Step-by-step instructions on how to plan & write high-level essays. Model answers & common mistakes to avoid.

   Opinion Essays

   Discussion Essays

  Problem Solution Essays

  Advantages & Disadvantages Essays

  Double Question Essays

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More help with ielts task 2.

IELTS Writing Task 2  – T he format, the 5 question types, the 5 step essay writing strategy & sample questions. All the key information you need to know.

Understanding Task 2 Questions  – How to quickly and easily analyse and understand IELTS Writing Task 2 questions.

How To Plan a Task 2 Essay  – Discover why essay planning is essential & learn a simple 4 step strategy, the 4 part essay structure & 4 methods of generating ideas.

How To Write a Task 2 Introduction  – Find out why a good introduction is essential. Learn how to write one using a simple 3 part strategy & discover 4 common mistakes to avoid.

How To Write Task 2 Main Body Paragraphs  – Learn the simple 3 part structure for writing great main body paragraphs and also, 3 common mistakes to avoid. 

How To Write Task 2 Conclusions  – Learn the easy way to write the perfect conclusion for a Task 2 essay. Also discover 4 common mistakes to avoid.

Task 2 Marking Criteria  – Find out how to meet the marking criteria for IELTS Task 2. See examples of good and poor answers & learn some common mistakes to avoid.

Other related pages:

IELTS Writing Test  – Understand the format & marking criteria, know what skills are assessed & learn the difference between the Academic & General writing tests.

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5 Types of IELTS Essays with Questions and Samples

In IELTS Writing Task 2 (both General and Academic), there are 5 different types of essays:

• Discussion essay (Discuss both views essay)
• Agree/disagree essay (Opinion essay)
• Advantage/disadvantage essay
• Problem/solution essay
• Two-part question essay (Direct question essay)

Note that no matter what type of IELTS essay you have to write, you need to make sure that you always follow the instructions and write at least 250 words.

IELTS Discussion Essay Questions

IELTS discussion essay asks you to "Discuss both views/sides and give your opinion".

For example:

Some people think that wild animals should not be kept in zoos. Others believe that there are good reasons for having zoos.

Discuss both these views and give your opinion.

See also: Discussion Essay Sample

IELTS Agree/Disagree Essay Questions

IELTS agree/disagree essay, also known as an opinion essay, asks you "Do what extent do you agree?", "Do you agree or disagree?", "What is your opinion?".

Medical procedures for cosmetic purposes should not be allowed.

Do you agree or disagree?

See also: Agree/Disagree Essay Sample

IELTS Advantage/Disadvantage Essay Questions

IELTS advantage/disadvantage essay asks you "What are the advantages of this?", "Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?".

Today more and more tourists are visiting places where conditions are difficult, such as the Sahara desert or the Antarctic.

What are the benefits and disadvantages for tourists who visit such places?

See also: Advantage/Disadvantage Essay Sample

IELTS Problem/Solution Essay Questions

IELTS problem/solution essay asks you "What can be done about this problem?", "How could this situation be improved?".

Even though doctors all over the world agree that fast food is bad for people's health, more and more people are eating it.

Why are more people eating fast food?

What can be done about this problem?

See also: Problem/Solution Essay Sample

IELTS Two-part Question Essay Questions

IELTS two-part question essay, also known as direct question essay, asks you to write in response to two or more direct questions.

Millions of people every year move to English speaking countries such as Australia, Britain or America, in order to study at school, college or university.

Why do so many people want to study English?

Why is English such an important international language?

See also: Two-part Question Essay Sample

See more useful IELTS essay resources:

• How to write an IELTS essay?
• How to Improve IELTS Writing Task 2 Essay?
• Essay vocabulary
• Linking & cohesive words

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You will find useful information on all the four IELTS test components:

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The Most Common IELTS Writing Topics (with Sample Answers!)

by Dave | Sample Answers | 6 Comments

These are the most common IELTS writing topics that I have come across as an examiner and from student reports over the last year.

The most commons topics are: age & generations, art, business, cities, communication, crime, education, environment, family, health, government, media & newspapers, psychology, society, sport, technology & science, transport, and work., below are some ielts writing task 2 samples (all written by me) on the most common topics, comment your own essays below and i will give you some feedback, if you want to get over your ielts fears and achieve your dreams (of going abroad or getting a better job), i now offer online lessons complete with feedback, videos, workbooks and more, consider supporing my efforts to write these essays but signing up for my online video courses here or my exclusive ielts ebooks here on patreon., age & generations, some people say that music is a good way of bringing people of different cultures and ages together., to what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: music bringing people together (ielts cambridge 14), at the present time, the population of some countries includes a relatively large number of young adults, compared with the number of older people., do the advantage of this situation outweigh the disadvantages, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: populations, young people (ielts cambridge 14), some think that governments should support retired people financially while others believe they should take care of themselves., discuss both views and give your own opinion., read my sample answer for this question here., in some places, young people find it difficult to communicate with older people., why is this, what are the solutions, agriculture, in spite of the advances made in agriculture, many people around the world still go hungry. why is this the case what can be done about this problem, give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own experience or knowledge. write at least 250 words., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: agriculture (ielts cambridge 13), some feel that countries should produce most of the food that is eaten in their country and import as little as possible., to what extent do you agree or disagree, museums and art galleries should focus on works that show the history and culture of their own country rather than works of other parts of the world., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: museums, many museums charge for admission while others are free., do you think the advantages of charging people for admission to museums outweigh the disadvantages, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: museum entrance fees, many people believe that film is a less important art than other forms such as literature and painting., read my full sample answer for this question here., some think that quality art can be made by anyone while others think that it requires special talent and ability., discuss both views and give your opinion., the government should lower the budget on the arts in order to allocate more money to education., to what extent do you agree, some people believe that the government should spend more money putting in more works of art like paintings and statues in cities to make them better places to live in., some educators believe that every child should be taught how to play a musical instrument., recent research has shown that business meetings and training are increasingly taking place online., what are the advantages and disadvantages of this, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: business, as well as making money, businesses also have a responsibilty towards society., ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay: businesses social responsibility, the global demand for oil and gas is increasing. some believe that we should therefore encourage the exploitation of remote areas., do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages, the shortage of housing in big cities can cause severe consequences. only government action can solve this problem., read my sample here., when designing a building, the most important factor is the intended use of the building rather than its outward appearance., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: buildings, living in large cities today poses many problems for people., what are these problems should governments encourage more people to live in smaller towns, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: cities, traffic and housing problems in major cities could be solved by moving companies, factories and their employees to the countryside., do you agree or disagree, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: overpopulation, too much money is wasted on repairing old buildings that should be used to knock them down and build new ones., ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay: old buildings, the roads in major cities today are often difficult to travel on., what are the causes of this, what are some possible solutions, ielts writing task 2 sample answer general training: roads in major cities, some feel that cities shold be designed to be beautiful while others feel their functionality is more important., discuss both sides and give your own opinion., available as an ebook my patreon., there are severe social consequences to housing shortages in cities and only the government can solve these problems., some cities create housing for growing populations by building taller buildings while other cities have opted to build on wider areas of land., which solution is better, communication, the use of social media is replacing face-to-face interaction among many people in society., do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages, ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay: face to face interaction, many people believe that social networking sites (such as facebook) have a huge negative impact on both individuals and society., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: social networking sites, many people think that mobile phones should be banned in public places such as libraries, shops and public transport., many people think technological devices such as smart phones, tablets and mobile phones bring more disadvantages than advantages., in many workplaces, online communication is now more common than face-to-face meetings., do the advantages of this trend outweigh the disadvantages, read my sample answer here., some countries are struggling with increases in crime rates. some believe that having more police on the streets is best way to reduce and combat crime., ielts writing task 2 sample answer (crime and the police), the crime rate nowadays is decreasing compared to the past due to advances in technology., ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay: crime & technology, the most common solution for criminal behaviour is prison but many believe education is a better method., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: education and crime, watching tv shows and movies about crime is becoming more and more popular., what effect does that have on society, some people believe that children that commit crimes should be punished. others think the parents should be punished instead., many researchers believe that we can now study the behaviour of children to see if they will grow up to be criminals, while others disagree., to what extent do you think crime is determined by genetics, is it possible to stop children from growing up to be criminals, some people believe that there should be a fixed punishment for each type of crime. others, however, argue that the circumstances of an individual crime, and the motivation for committing it, should always be taken into account when deciding on the punishment., get my sample answer for this essay by signing up for my patreon here., some believe that tourism does more to create tension between between countries rather than helping individuals better understand other cultures., ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay: tourism and culture, some believe that it is beneficial to show foreign films while others feel this can have a negative impact on local culture., in many countries, traditional foods are being replaced by fast food. this has a negative impact on families, individuals and society., the best curriculum is not one based on a static body of knowledge but one which teaches student to cope with change., read my essay here., some people say that school children should be mainly taught about the literature (e.g fiction and poetry) of their own country because it is more important than that of other countries., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: literature, plagiarism in academics has become a pressing problem in many countries today., what are the causes of this problem, ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay, many people feel that students should learn from online materials while others feel that it is better to use printed materials., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: online materials, some people think that children should begin their formal education at a very early age. some think they should begin at least 7 years old. discuss both views give opinions., ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay: children starting school, students should be primarily taught academic subjects so that they can pass exams, and practical skills such as cooking should not be taught., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: academic/practical knowledge, some people believe that education is the key to tackling hunger worldwide while others feel that the answer is in food aid., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: hunger, compared to the past, more people are now studying abroad because it is more convenient and cheaper than before., do you think this is beneficial to the foreign student’s home country, will this trend change much in the future, ielts writing task 2 sample answer by dave: studying abroad, some today argue that schools are no longer necessary because children can learn so much from the internet and be educated at home., some educational systems make students study specialised subjects from the age of fifteen while others require students to study a wide range., full-time university students spend a lot of time studying. some say they should do other activities too., nations should spend more money on skills and vocational training for practical work, rather than on university education., environment, some people claim that too much focus and resources have been spent to protect wild animals and birds., sample essay, some people say that the main environmental problem of our time is the loss of particular species of plants and animals. others say that there are more important environmental problems., discuss both these views and give your own opinion., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: environmental problems plants and animals (ielts cambridge 14), climate change is a phenomenon that affects countries all over the world. many people strongly believe that it is the responsibility of individuals, rather than corporations and governments, to deal with this problem., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: climate change, plastic shopping bags are used widely and cause many environmental problems. some people say they should be banned., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: plastic bags, developing the economy will always damage the environment., ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay: the economy & the environment, many believe that individuals can do little to improve the environment. only governments and large companies can make a real difference., the most difficult ielts writing topic: january 2020, most agree that we should be training children to recycle waste to preserve the earth’s natural resources., however, some believe that it is parents who should teach their children to recycle waste while others feels schools are more responsible., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: recycling, the increase in the production of consumer goods results in damage to the natural environment., what can be done to solve this problem, read my sample answer for this essay here., some people say that supermarkets and manufacturers have a responsibility to reduce the amount of packaging on products they sell. others believe that it is the consumer’s responsibility to avoid buying products which have a lot of packaging., discuss both views and give your opinions., some think the current generation should take steps to protect the environment for the next generation., in many countries, plastic containers have become more common than ever and are used by many food and drink companies., family & children, more and more people today are moving away from where their friends and family live., read my answer here., many parents encourage young people to leave home when they become older, while others think they should stay at home with the family. discuss both views and give your own opinion., ielts writing task 2 sample answer (family and the home), nowadays children watch much more television than they did in the past and spend less time being active or creative., what is the reason for this, what measures should be taken to encourage children to be more active, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: television, some people believe that allowing children to make their own choices on everyday matters (such as food, clothes and entertainment) is likely to result in a society of individuals who only think about their own wishes., other people believe that it is important for children to make decisions about matters that affect them., ielts examiner sample answer from cambridge 12: children & choice, many parents today do not spend much time with their children., does this affect parents or children more, it is better for children if the whole family including aunts, uncles and so on are involved in a child’s upbringing, rather than just their parents., these days more fathers stay at home and take care of their children while mothers go out to work., what could be the reasons for this is it a positive or negative development, some people feel that equality between the genders has already been achieved while others feel there is considerable progress to be made., read my sample answer on patreon., throughout history, male leaders have led us into violence and conflict. if a society is governed by female leaders it will be more peaceful., in many schools and universities today, women have a tendency to study the humanities (such as the arts and languages) while men more often major in science related subjects. some believe this tendency should be changed., the best way to prevent people from smoking is to impose high taxes on tobacco products. in this way, people will be less likely to develop a long-term addiction to smoking., ielts examiner sample answer: government (by dave), some people think that resources should be spent on protecting wild animals, while others think those would be better used for the human population., many today feel that most urgent problems can only be solved by international cooperation., some people think governments should care more about elderly while others think they should focus on investing in education for younger people., many people believe that every individual is responsible for his/her own healthy lifestyle. others believe that governments should take care of it. discuss both these views and give your own opinion., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: health problems individuals/governments, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: smoking (real ielts exam), some think that governments should tax unhealthy foods to encourage people to eat healthier., ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay: unhealthy foods (real past ielts tests/exams), more and more people today are drinking sugar-based drinks., what are the reasons for this, ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay: sugary drinks, many think that in today’s world it is very difficult for people to maintain a healthy lifestyle. others, however, feel that it is easy for people to be healthy and fit if they want to be., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: healthy lifestyle, some people say that it is acceptable to test medicine intended for people on animals. others, however, believe that it is not right to use animals in this research., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: medical testing, many feel that going to the gym is the best way to stay fit. others think there are more effective methods., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: gym/exercise, governments should spend more money on medical research and less on researching the environment., even though doctors advise old people to get more exercise, many old people do not get enough., what are some possible solutions for this, research into medical treatments are essential to improve health and fight disease., who do you think should fund this research: individuals, private companies or governments, in many countries, fast food is becoming cheaper and more widely available., do the disadvantages of this outweigh the advantages, governments in many countries have recently introduced special taxes on foods and beverages with high levels of sugar. some think these taxes are a good idea while others disagree., discuss both views and give you own opinion., some people say history is one the most important school subjects. other people think that, in today’s world, subjects like science and technology are more important than history. discuss both these views and give your own opinion., ielts examiner sample answer from cambridge 13: history (by dave), some believe that history has little to teach us about today while others think that the study of the past helps us to understand the present., it is better to learn the way people lived in the past through films and video records than written documents., historical objects should be brought back to their country of origin., some people say that now is the best time in history to be living., what is your opinion about this, what other time in history would be interesting to live in, read my essay here.  , living in a country where you have to speak a foreign language can cause serious social problems, as well as practical problems. to what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: foreign languages (cambridge 13), some believe that we should invent a new language for international communication., media & newspapers, some people think that newspapers are the best way to learn news. however, others believe that they can learn news better through other media. discuss both views and give your opinion, ielts examiner sample answer from cambridge 13: newspapers and the media (by dave), some people think that the news media has become much more influential in people’s lives today and it is a negative development., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: news media influence, watching a live performance such as a play, concert, or sporting event is more enjoyable than watching the same event on television., some believe that people will purchase a product based on their needs and advertising is not needed., in the future, nobody will buy printed newspapers or books because they will be able to read everything they want online without paying., to what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement, some people say that advertising is extremely successful at persuading us to buy things. other people think that advertising is so common that we no longer pay attention to it., personal life, many people try to balance work and other parts of their life. however, this is very difficult to do. what are the problems associated with this what is the best way to achieve a better balance, ielts examiner sample answer: work-life balance (by dave), these days people spend more and more time at work and less time at home., ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay general training: working too much, some people believe that it is best to accept a bad situation, such as an unsatisfactory job or shortage of money. others argue that it is better to try and improve such situations., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: acceptance / unsatisfactory (ielts cambridge 14) by dave, some are of the opinion that people are naturally born as good leaders while others feel that leadership skills can be learned., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: leadership, ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay: leadership essay 2, many pschologists recommend that the best way to relieve stress is to do nothing at all for a period of time during the day., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: stress, some think that ambition is a good quality., is it important to be ambitious, is it a positive or negative characteristic, some feel that it is a waste of time to plan for the future and it is more important to focus on the present., in some countries, owning a home rather than renting one is very important for people., why might this be the case, do you think this is a positive or negative situation, in some cultures, children are often told that they can achieve anything if they try hard enough., what are the advantages and disadvantages of giving children this message, science & technology, some people believe that it is good to share as much information as possible in scientific research, business, and the academic world. others believe that some information is too important or too valuable to be shared freely., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: scientific research (ielts cambridge 12), nowadays more tasks at home and work are being performed by robots., is this a negative or positive development, ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay: robots at home, people today often use the internet to learn about the culture of other countries. this means that it is not that important to travel to those countries., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: the internet & travel, in the future it will become more difficult to live on earth so more money should be spent researching how to live on other planets such as mars., some believe technology has made our lives too complex and the solution is to lead a simpler life without technology., read my sample answer this question here., more and more students at university today are not choosing to study science., why is this happening, what are the effects of this, in the future, people may have to live on other planets. some think that is therefore important to spend money researching other planets such as mars., some old people today struggle with the use of modern technologies such as smartphones and computers., what is the cause of this, some scientists believe that in the future computers will be more intelligence than human beings. while some see this as a positive development others worry about the negative consequences., weddings are getting bigger and more expensive., is it a positive or negative development, some people believe that nowadays we have too many choices. to what extent do you agree or disagree, ielts examiner sample answer from cambridge 13: choice (by dave), in many countries people are living in a “throwaway society” where things are used for a short time and thrown away. , what are the causes of this and what problems does it lead to, ielts examiner sample answer from cambridge 13: society (by dave), many believe that the best way to ensure a happier society is to reduce the difference in income earnings between the rich and poor., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: income inequality, people have historically attempted to achieve a perfect society. however, it is difficult to decide what a perfect society would be like., what would be the most important element of an ideal society, what can normal people do to make society more perfect, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: the ideal/perfect society, online shopping is becoming more common these days., what effect could this have on the environment and the types of jobs required, many people believe that music is just a form of entertainment, whilst others believe that music has a much larger impact on society today., some people believe that smartphones are destroying social interaction today., many people think that zoos are cruel. others think they are helpful in protecting rare animals., in many countries, people throw away a lot of food from restaurants and shops., why do you think people waste food in this way, what can be done to reduce the amount of food thrown away, some people think that it is a waste of money for countries to host big sporting events like the world cup, and that the money would be better spent on other things. however, others think that hosting large sporting events has a clear, positive impact on a country., discuss both these views and give your opinion., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: the world cup and olympics, extreme sports such as sky diving and skiing are very dangerous and should be banned., to what extent do you agree or disagree with this view, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: extreme sports, many companies sponsor sports as a way of advertising themselves. some people think this is good for the world of sport, while others think it is a negative., some people think that governments should invest mainly in making public transportation faster while other think there are more important priorities (cost, the environment)., ielts examiner sample answer from cambridge 13: transportation (by dave), some people believe that the best way to increase the road safety is to increase the minimum legal age for driving cars., to what extent do you agree or disagree., ielts examiner sample answer from cambridge 13: traffic and road safety (by dave), more and more people in developing countries are purchasing cars for the first time., what problems does this cause, what do you think are the possible solutions, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: problems with purchasing cars, when cars and cyclists use the same roads, there are often problems., why is this the case, the manufacturing and use of cars damages the environment but their popularity is increasing., how could this be controlled, after graduation many students take a year to travel. some think that it would be more useful to work for a year., many people today are choosing to travel to other countries., is this a positive or negative development, some think that students must travel to another country in order to learn its language and customs., nowadays many people choose to be self-employed, rather than to work for a company or organisation., why might this be the case what could be the disadvantages of being self-employed, ielts writing task 2 sample answer: self-employment (ielts cambridge 14), nowadays, entertainers get paid more than politicians., ielts writing task 2 sample answer essay: entertainers & politicians, the job market today is very competitive and it is best to choose a career or field of study early in order to get a good job later in life., ielts writing task 2 sample answer: changing jobs, some people argue that job satisfaction is more important than job security, while others believe that they cannot always expect job satisfaction and a permanent job is more important., when a person spends most of his or her time working a job with little job satisfaction, their life loses meaning., get my exclusive pdf sample answer for this question on patreon., recommended for you.

Recent IELTS Writing Topics and Questions 2024

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Read here all the newest IELTS questions and topics from 2024 and previous years with sample answers/essays. Be sure to check out my ...

Latest IELTS Writing Task 1 2024 (Graphs, Charts, Maps, Processes)

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These are the most recent/latest IELTS Writing Task 1 Task topics and questions starting in 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and continuing into 2024. ...

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This is an IELTS Writing Task 2 Sample Answer from IELTS Cambridge 14 about environmental problems effecting plants and animals and it is an interesting question. ...

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thanks for such a great samples. I have a suggestion: If it is appliable, Please make it clear in which category any new essay (you write) fell.

Thank you! I will update my essays by category on that post!

you are the best teacher i have ever seen.

Thanks so much!!!

I want to know about new tips and techniques related to ielts prepration

There’s no such thing as IELTS pronunciation – just pronunciation. I suggest you start by looking at the common problems among speakers in your country. Where are you from, Shakshi?

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Identifying the 5 types of IELTS essays

Get familiar with the different types of ielts essays..

Updated: August 25th 2023

Among IELTS teachers there are often considered to be five patterns or five types of IELTS essays. In this post, we will look at how to spot them.

Before you begin writing your essay the first thing you must do is analyse the task by looking at the instruction words. I have underlined the instruction words in the tasks below, these indicate what type of question it is.

Analysing the task question is a crucial step because if you do not take the time to do this, or if you are unclear about anything, you could write a completely different essay. See more here.

The 5 types of IELTS essays

1. advantages and disadvantages essay 2. opinion essays (sometimes called an argument essay) 3. discussion essay 4. two-part question essay (sometimes called a direct question essay) 5. problem solution essay / causes solution essay, useful links, model answers for the 5 types of ielts essays., planning your ielts essay., how to think of ideas for essays., strategies and tips for paraphrasing the question., how to write a good thesis statement., 3 types of advantage disadvantage essays., take a look at these question types for ielts essays, can you guess what type of essays they are.

I have underlined the ‘instruction words’ , these tell you what kind of essay it is and what to write about.

1. Today, the high sales of popular consumer goods reflect the power of advertising and not the real needs of the society in which they are sold. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Opinion essay: In this question, it asks to what extent do you agree or disagree? this means ” how much do you agree or disagree? ”  In other words: do you completely agree? completely disagree? partly agree? neither agree nor disagree. The thesis statement you write should state 2 reasons for your opinion. Each main body paragraph ten covers each reason with an example to support your view.

The essay should have 2 main body paragraphs with your opinion in the introduction, main body, and the conclusion.

2. Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Discussion and opinion essay: Here you need to discuss both points of view in the question and give your own opinion. So you need 2 body paragraphs covering each point of view and examples with details and your opinion. You could also have a third body paragraph with your own specific opinion if you prefer.  Your opinion should also be in the introduction as well as each body paragraph and the conclusion.

3. As most people spend a major part of their adult life at work, job satisfaction is an important element of individual well-being. What factors contribute to job satisfaction? How realistic is the expectation of job satisfaction for all workers?

Two-part or double question essay: In main body one you should write about the factors that make up job satisfaction. In main body two, it is asking your opinion, so you would write your opinion about whether, realistically, everyone can expect to be happy in their jobs. In my view, this is not realistic so I would state that as my opinion and explain why I hold that view.

4. Some people think that universities should provide graduates with the knowledge and skills needed in the workplace. Others think that the true function of a university should be to give access to knowledge for its own sake. In your opinion what should be the main function of a university?

Opinion Essay: It looks like a discussion essay as there are 2 views being presented; however, if you check the instruction words it does not ask you to ‘Discuss both sides’ 

First of all, paraphrase the task question then include your opinion in the thesis statement. There should be 2 main body paragraphs and each main body states your opinion with reasons for your opinion and an example.

5. In some countries, the average weight of people is increasing and their levels of health and fitness are decreasing. What are the causes of these problems and what measures could be taken to solve them?

Problem Solution Essay: You need to state the causes of the problem in the first main body paragraph and possible solutions in the second main body paragraph. Also, note that you do not have to give a direct personal opinion here, it is asking for a possible way the issue can be solved.

6. Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school. Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?

Advantages disadvantages essay:   The keyword here is ‘ outweigh’ it means ‘are the advantages stronger than the disadvantages?’. Body paragraph 1 should focus on one or two advantages and body paragraph 2 should focus one or two disadvantages with explanations and examples.

This is a special type of ‘Advantage Disadvantage’ essay, it actually asks for your opinion here. You must write what you think is stronger, the advantage or disadvantage?. The whole essay will reflect your opinion .

7. Some people think a crime should always have a fixed punishment like life for murder, while others believe you should take the circumstances of the crime into account. Discuss both views .

Discussion essay. The instruction words say: “Some people think… while others believe”.. and also “Discuss both views”…These are the keywords that show it is a discussion essay.

Some people believe ….while others think… Many people say…… whereas others think….. Some say …….whereas others argue….

You will need to state the public/ general opinion and give examples and detail in this type of essay. Did you notice that the question does not ask for your opinion? Usually, discussion essays ask for your opinion so this type of task is quite rare.. click here for a lesson on language for discussion essays.

8. In recent times, more people prefer to communicate via messaging apps and email instead of face-to-face. Why do you think this is? When is face to face to face communication necessary?

Two-part or double question essay: This question is asking for a direct opinion because the words ‘Do you think..’ indicates that it wants your own opinion. You need to answer the first question in body paragraph 1, explain the issue and give an example. Then answer the second question in body paragraph 2, explain and give an example.  The conclusion is just a summary of your key points with your opinion again.

See this lesson about 3 types of Advantage Disadvantage essays

For model answers on these types of essays click this link here, leave a comment below if you have any questions., leave a comment cancel reply.

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• IELTS Opinion Essays

IELTS Opinion Essays Simplified: 3 Types

IELTS opinion essays are very common in the exam. It can be a bit confusing, especially if you are new to IELTS, to work out the different types of essay.

Some people talk about ' argumentative essays ', ' thesis-led essays ', ' discussion essays ', which can get quite confusing and it is usually not necessary to know this. The important thing is to analyze each question as you see it and answer it.

You can also watch a video of this lesson:

The aim of this lesson is to give you a brief overview of the common types of essay that ask for your opinion.

Of course not everything will fit this pattern as there are a variety of ways a question can be worded, but the types below are common ways to be asked about your opinion in the test.

Task 2 IELTS Opinion Essays can broadly be put into three types:

The 3 Types of IELTS Opinion Essays

1. discuss one opinion.

Advances in technology and automation have reduced the need for manual labour. (opinion) Therefore, working hours should be reduced. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

With these essays you are normally given ONE opinion, and then asked specifically if you agree or disagree with it, or to what extent you agree or disagree. You must make it clear whether you agree, disagree or partly agree and give your reasons why.

2. Discuss TWO OPPOSING opinions

(opinion one) A growing number of people feel that animals should not be exploited by people and that they should have the same rights as humans, (opposing opinion) while others argue that humans must employ animals to satisfy their various needs, including uses for food and research. Discuss both views and give your opinion.

With these essays you have TWO opinions that oppose each other. You have to discuss BOTH of them and also give your opinion. Your essay will get a lower mark for 'task response' if you don’t discuss both of the opinions or you don’t make your opinion clear.

3. Advantages and Disadvantages

The number of old people around the world is increasing dramatically. Could this have more positive or negative effects on society? or… Do the advantages of the trend outweigh the disadvantages? or… Is this a positive development?

In these questions you are given a fact or facts and then you have to look at the positive and negative sides of this. They are all asking for your opinion so you must state this. In the first two you will need to look at both sides as the question is clearly implying there are both positive and negative impacts.

Don't mix this up with a basic advantage and disadvantage essay like this:

What are the advantages and disadvantages of this trend?

Although your organization, ideas and body paragraphs may be similar, this one is not asking for your opinion so you don't need to give it. It is simply asking you to present both sides of the issue.

This has been a quick and broad overview of some common IELTS opinion essay question types and it should be particularly helpful if you are fairly new to IELTS or if you have been studying for a while but are still unclear about the various types of essay.

Take a look at the model essays page and you can browse through some examples of these types of essays.

Look for these types of IELTS opinion essay:

• agree / disagree
• discuss two opinions
• advantages and disadvantages

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How to Identify the Task in an IELTS Essay

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Tips on How to Score IELTS Band 8 in Writing and Speaking

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Generating ideas for IELTS essays for writing task 2

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Requirements for IELTS Band 7 in Writing

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Transitional Phrases for Essays

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Writing an IELTS Essay Conclusion

The IELTS essay conclusion is the final part of your IELTS essay. This lesson guides you on how to write a conclusion quickly but effectively.

How to use brainstorming and planning to generate essay ideas.

Brainstorming and planning is a key step in developing your IELTS essay. This lesson has tips on how to coming up with ideas and organising them.

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Different IELTS Essay Types

Different ielts essay types with examples and explanation:.

In your IELTS Writing exam, you will need to write an essay on a given topic. You will get a statement on a common topic, and be asked to respond to that statement (also known as the essay topic) . This IELTS writing task 2 response is required both for the academic and general training IELTS candidates.

Your essay should contain at least 250 words, and you should finish your essay in 40 minutes.

Now, the first thing you should probably know is the types of questions (or essay types) that you are likely to encounter in your exam (IELTS Writing Task 2 exam – to be more specific) . This is because both the structure of the essay and how you develop your response depend on the type of essay that you will write.

IELTS essays have 5 main different types. An IELTS essay in your exam could be one of these 5 different types, and to get a higher band score, you should be ready to respond to any type of them as you do not know what type of essay you will be asked to write during the test. The approach and structure of writing an IELTS essay also may vary to a certain extent based on the essay type. That is to say that the “introduction” of your essay, the “main body paragraphs” and the “conclusion” of your essay could be different based on the essay type you respond to. You might also need to include your opinion in your essay depending on the essay type. So, it is really, really important that you know the five distinct IELTS essay types and the main differences among them. It will help you develop a high-quality essay that will earn you a higher band score.

The 5 types of IELTS writing task 2 (IELTS Essay) questions include the below:

1. Opinion (Agree or Disagree) IELTS Essays. 2. Advantage and Disadvantage IELTS Essays. 3. Discussion (Discuss both views) IELTS Essays. 4. Problem/Cause and Solution/Effect IELTS Essays. 5. Double Question or Mixed IELTS Essays.

Let us discuss the 5 main types of IELTS writing task 2 questions (Essay Question types) in detail:

1) IELTS Opinion (Agree or Disagree) Essays:

A common question type on the Writing Task 2 is the “opinion” essay (also known as “Agree/Disagree essay or argumentative essay). An opinion essay basically asks you to give your own opinion on a given argument. The first part of the question is a statement and you are then asked to state your opinion on the issue. You should also include a range of other viewpoints to demonstrate that you genuinely understand both sides of an argument. The instructions on an opinion essay, however, can be written in several ways. Examples include the below:

• Do you agree or disagree?
• To what extent do you agree or disagree?
• How far do you agree with this statement?
• Do you agree?
• Which viewpoint do you agree with?
• What is your opinion?

Here is an example of each: 1. In the future, more people will go on holiday in their own country and not travel abroad on holiday? Do you agree or disagree? [ Read the Model Essay ] 2. The main purpose of public libraries is to provide books, and they shouldn’t waste their limited resources and space on providing expensive hi-tech media such as computer software, videos and DVDs. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? [ Read the Model Essay ] 3. Some people believe that salary is more important than job satisfaction for employees. How far do you agree with this statement? 4. Some people believe that teenagers are facing more problems in their life than they did in the past and this is because parents are spending more time at work than at home. Do you agree? [ Read the Model Essay ] 5. More and more qualified people are moving from poor to rich countries to fill vacancies in specialist areas like engineering, computing and medicine. Some people believe that by encouraging the movement of such people, rich countries are stealing from poor countries. Others feel that this is only part of the natural movement of workers around the world. Which viewpoint do you agree with? [ Read the Model Essay ] 6. Some people think that success is the best measure of intelligence, while others think that intelligence can be measured in other ways. What is your opinion?

Key strategies for an “opinion” IELTS Essay:

• Select your favourable side of the argument. That is to say, decide which side you favour and develop your argument accordingly. You could agree to a given statement or disagree. Sometimes you might want to state a neutral position.
• State your view in the “introduction” part of your essay. This is important, and be sure to always include your opinion at the end of the introduction. Never wait till the conclusion paragraph to state your position on a view or argument.
• Keep the same view throughout the essay.
• State reasons why you have this opinion. Examples make your argument stronger. In fact, without citing examples or adding experience at the end of your argument, you can not expect to get a higher band score.
• It doesn’t matter which position you take. So, choose the position you can develop the best argument for.

Tips to write an “opinion” type IELTS Essay: You should briefly mention your own opinion about the statement or argument at the end of the “introduction” of your essay so that the examiner does not have to wonder about your viewpoint while he or she reads your essay.

The phrases you should use when giving your opinion about something – ✔ “In my view”/ “in my opinion” is used when expressing your opinion about something: • The government, in my opinion, should be in charge of important research. • In my view, the government should take measures to curb traffic congestion.

✔ “… take the view that”/ “… be of the opinion” that is used to express a particular opinion in a formal way: • Most people take the view that tax on fuel price is the key to preventing air pollution. • Scientists are of the opinion that the government should allocate a substantial budget on space research.

✔ Even if you state what others think about something, make sure to include your opinion as well. For example: • Most people take the view that tax on fuel price is the key to preventing air pollution and I somewhat agree with them. • Scientists are of the opinion that the government should allocate a substantial budget to space research and I concur with this opinion to some extent.

✔ “Entirely agree”/ “wholeheartedly agree” is used to agree completely with someone or something: • The writer entirely agrees with the view that more tourists will choose to go on holiday in their own country due to the pandemic. • I agree wholeheartedly with the statement that states that we should spend more quality time with our children to keep them away from developing bad habits.

✔ “Agree up to a point” is used to partly agree with someone or something: • Although I agree with the statement up to a point, I find it hard to believe that the increase in price can reduce fuel consumption.

✔ “Concur” is used to agree with someone or something in a formal way: • The writer concurs with this view.

✔ “Totally”/ “strongly”/ “fundamentally” is used to agree or disagree with someone or something: • I strongly disagree with the views on migration. • I totally believe that the amount spent on space research is justified.

Tips: Agreeing and contrasting opinions: Use the main body paragraphs of your essay to expound your opinion and agree or disagree with the views of other people. Use linking words such as “also” , “similarly” , “likewise” , and “in addition” when discussing ideas connected to one point of view, and use “yet” , “on the other hand” , “although” and “however” to introduce contrasting point.

Useful vocabulary to express your opinion:

Simply stating an opinion: My opinion is that… In my opinion… I think… I feel that… I believe… Personally speaking… In my view… From my perspective… From my point of view… It seems to me that… To my mind… My view on the matter is that…

Strongly agreeing with an opinion/statement: I firmly believe that/ I strongly believe that/ I wholeheartedly believe that… I strongly agree with the idea that… I totally agree with the statement that says that…

Strongly disagreeing with an opinion/statement: I firmly disagree with the opinion that… I strongly deny that… I wholeheartedly oppose that… I completely disagree because… I strongly disagree with the notion…

Partially agreeing with an opinion: I suppose… I somewhat agree that… I agree with this statement to some extent I agree to a certain extent but I also think that…

IELTS Opinion Essay Structure:

• Paraphrase the question
• State your opinion
• Give brief reasons why you hold this view (optional).
• Topic sentence – give 1st reason for choosing this viewpoint
• Explanation- explain this view
• Example- cite an example
• Topic sentence- give 2nd reason for choosing this viewpoint
• Explanation- expound this view
• Example- provide an example
• Summarize your main points
• Reiterate your opinion, or suggest something that would be universally accepted.

2) IELTS Advantage and Disadvantage Essay:

Another common essay question type is the Advantage and Disadvantage type Essay. This type of essay asks you to evaluate an argument and point out the main advantages and disadvantages of something. Put simply, you will need to write the benefits and drawbacks of something in a balanced way to prove that you understand both sides. Try to put equal emphasis on both advantages and disadvantages while writing such as essay.

Typical question instructions can be written in various ways. Examples include the below:

• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of… 
• Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? 
• What are the advantages and disadvantages of…?
• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages and give your opinion. (In this case, you need to include your opinion explicitly.) 

Below are the examples of each: 1. More and more businesses, as well as individuals, are choosing to communicate either professionally or socially using technology rather than being face to face. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using the technology for communicating.   2. People now have the freedom to work and live anywhere in the world due to the development of communication technology and transportation. Do the advantages of this development outweigh the disadvantages?  3. In some cultures, children are often told that they can achieve anything if they try hard enough. What are the advantages and disadvantages of giving children this message? 4. Computers are becoming an essential part of education. Discuss the Advantages and disadvantages of using computer technology in education and give your opinion.  

Key strategies for an “Advantage and Disadvantage” IELTS Essay:

• Devote some time to properly plan the advantages and disadvantages of the statement given.
• Think up the ideas of supporting points. Pick just a couple of advantages (2 is recommended; it could be 3 at most) and support them with an example and explanation. The same goes for the disadvantages as well. Do not write down so many ideas that make your essay lengthier and unmanageable. 
• You can state the advantages in one paragraph and the disadvantages in another paragraph.
• Follow a standard advantage and disadvantage essay structure.

Tips on writing an “advantage and disadvantage” IELTS essay:

“Advantage” is a countable noun meaning a good feature that something has, which makes it more useful or better than other things. Some synonyms of “advantage” are –

“Disadvantage” is a countable noun denoting a bad feature that something has, which make it less useful or worse than other things: Some synonyms of “disadvantage” are –

Knowing these synonyms would help you paraphrase the topic and show your skills in using a wide range of vocabulary.

Now regarding the structure of the essay, the safe way of organizing an advantage and disadvantage essay is to write one paragraph giving the benefits of an argument (or something) and another paragraph giving the drawbacks.

The phrases you should use when describing the “advantages” of something – ✔ “The most decisive/distinct/definite/obvious advantage of…” is used when describing an obvious advantage: • The most decisive advantage of telecommuting is that employees are allowed to work from home.  • The most definite benefit of using technology in education is the connectivity it allows among teachers, students and guardians.

✔ “One of the great/big/major/huge/significant advantages of…” is used when writing a great advantage: • One of the significant advantages of telecommuting is that it helps to have a better work-life balance. • One of the major advantages of such an arrangement is that it reduces long-term costs and manual labour hours.

✔ “A good/ great thing about …” is used when mentioning a good feature of something: • A great thing about telecommuting is that employees can skip commuting and dive right into work-related tasks.  • A good thing about helping those poor nations is that it helps maintain global peace.

✔ Similarly, “A positive aspect of…” is also used when mentioning a good feature of something: • A positive aspect of telecommuting is that it increases the productivity of employees. • A positive aspect of giving some pocket money to young children each week is that it teaches them the useful skills of money management.

✔ “Likewise/ Moreover” could be used to point out/introduce another good feature of something: • Likewise, it can be a source of foreign remittance that can boost the economy of the country. • Moreover, a business owner enjoys more freedom and more choices in life than most 9:00 to 5:00 employees.

The useful phrases you can use when describing the “disadvantages” of something:

✔ “The main/principal/primary/key disadvantage of…” is used when mentioning a primary disadvantage: • The main disadvantage of telecommuting is the lack of face-to-face communication. • The primary disadvantage of young people taking a break from studies to travel is that many of them do not use the time to learn and thus waste valuable time.

✔ “The big/serious/huge/distinct/obvious/major/severe/considerable disadvantage” of is used when writing an important disadvantage: • One of the serious disadvantages of telecommuting is the lack of collaboration between work teams.  • One of the distinct disadvantages of allowing children to study on a digital device is that they get easily distracted and start doing something else other than studying.

✔ “Drawback” could be used when you think that something is not good, though it has minor other positive aspects: • A drawback of telecommuting is that employees often are not present in the office and work from home. • The next drawback of travelling solo is that the traveller does not have anybody to look after or comfort him in the event of sickness or emotional distress.

✔ “Downside” is used to denote the disadvantage of a situation: • The lack of camaraderie is often one of the major downsides to telecommuting.  • The downside of mass migration to cities is the primary reason for traffic congestion in such cities.

Tips: Order your ideas in an organised way.

You have to present your ideas in a logical way to end up writing a great essay. To do that, you can use linking words such as “in addition” , “on the other hand” , “another” , “moreover” , “furthermore” and so on. Linking words are useful to show how your ideas are connected. Here is an example of the use of linking words:

Convenience foods have several bad points. The major drawback of this food is that it uses unhealthy ingredients. Moreover , most of these convenience foods lack proper nutrients. Furthermore , the regular intake of these foods promotes ageing. Thus, the advantages it reaps outweigh its disadvantages.

IELTS “Advantage and Disadvantage “ Essay Structure:

• Introduce the benefits and drawbacks that will be expounded in the main body paragraphs
• State your opinion if it is asked or necessary
• Topic sentence – introduce the advantage 
• Expand the first advantage + give an example
• Expand the second advantage + give an example
• Topic sentence – introduce the disadvantage 
• Expand the first disadvantage + give an example
• Expand the second disadvantage + give an example
• Reiterate the main points 
• State your opinion (optional)

3) IELTS Discussion (Discuss both views) Essay:

Some IELTS Writing Task 2 questions may ask you to analyse, discuss or scrutinise a topic, or compare or contrast two different ideas. Typically, you will be offered two statements of opinion that oppose one another and then you will be asked to expound on both sides of the debate and state your opinion.

A discussion essay should aim to reach a conclusion after analysing the debates on a topic. So, a discussion essay objectively discusses the perspectives of the opinion that are not necessarily your opinion. That is why your opinion shouldn’t be shared in such a discussion essay until the statement of the position in the concluding paragraph.

Typical question instructions can be written in several ways. Examples include the below:

• Discuss both views and give your opinion.
• Discuss both these views and then give your own opinion.
• Discuss both sides of this argument and give your own opinion. 

Here are a few examples of IELTS discussion questions: 1. Some people think that the range of technology currently available is increasing the gap between rich people and poor people. Others think that it is causing the opposite effect. Discuss both views and give your opinion.   2. In some countries, a few people earn extremely high salaries. Some people think that this is good for a country, while others believe that the government should control salaries and limit the amount people can earn. Discuss both these views and then give your own opinion. 3. Some people think that the government is responsible for the rise in obesity in children, while others think it is the fault of the parents. Discuss both sides of this argument and give your own opinion.  

Key strategies for a “Discussion (Discuss both views)” IELTS Essay:

• Identify both views. They are usually contrasting ideas.
• Find supporting points for views.
• Develop both views of the argument. 
• It is recommended that you write about the side you don’t agree with first.
• Use necessary expressions for the discussion type essay.
• Emphasise a bit more on the viewpoint you support. 

Tips: Language to use while writing a discussion essay : It is important to learn some useful expressions for the IELTS discussion type essays. That is to say that a variety of language should be used to discuss both views in your essay. When you write a discussion essay that asks you to discuss both views of a statement or contrasting view, you have to support two different views that are not your opinions. You need to write what other people think, other people’s views and you also need to support what they think. So, your ability to use different expressions and vocabulary for giving other people’s opinions is required to get a higher band score.

The phrases you can use when discussing both sides in your essay:

✔ “Many people believe/think/feel/claim/argue that…” could be used to start discussing a view in your essay. It is a very common expression, but still, it is an academic expression, and you can use it sometimes. • Many people believe that modern technology has increased our daily productivity in workplaces. • Many people argue that the government should take responsibility for those elder people as they were taxpayers their entire life.

✔ “It is argued by some/many people that…” is a very nice expression because it is a passive form. This is particularly useful to give the examiner some passive sentences in your essay. But do not overuse the passive sentences in your essay. • It is argued by some people that the government should give money to creative people, such as artists and musicians. • It is argued by many that children should leave their parent’s home as soon as they turn 16 years old.

✔ “A commonly held belief is that…” is a very useful phrase because it’s very academic. It will help you show your skill in using various expressions and vocabulary while writing an essay. • A commonly held belief is that a government has a responsibility to its citizen to ensure their safety. • A commonly held belief is that decentralisation could solve the problem to a great extent.

✔ “They maintain that…” is very simple but it’s academic and clear as well. • They maintain that the sports should receive subsidies or sponsorship from big companies. • They maintain that elder people need support from their immediate family members and should be surrounded by their children and grandchildren.

✔ “Yet others argue that…” is used to present a counterargument. • Many believe that arts projects like exhibitions of paintings should be helped financially by big companies, yet others argue that big companies ought to sponsor scientific research.  • Some people claim that they should be given full freedom to choose a design and structure while building their houses, yet others argue that it makes more sense when the authority decide the design and structure of citizens’ house.

✔ “Other people are of the opinion that…” is used to express the other side of the argument. • Other people are of the opinion that the government should allocate more money to education.  • Other people are of the opinion that public health should get the highest priority while deciding the national budget.

✔ “Yet other people put forward the view that…” is also used to express the opposite opinion of a statement/topic. • Yet other people put forward the view that the government should increase spending on social benefits. • Yet other people put forward the view that schools should choose subjects for high-school learners only after discussing it with the parents and the students.

IELTS “Discussion (Discuss both views) “ Essay Structure:

• Introduce both points of views
• Thesis statement
• Topic sentence – state the viewpoint you do not agree with 
• Explanation- discuss why some people hold this view
• Example – provide an example to support the view 
• Topic sentence – state the viewpoint you do agree with 
• Explanation – discuss why this view is held by many 
• Example- provide an example to support the view
• Summarise the main points
• Opine which one is better or significant – (Usually the one you support)

4) IELTS Problem/Cause and Solution/Effect Essays:

In this type of IELTS essay question, you are asked to outline the problems (or reasons behind the problem) associated with the given topic and then you require to find one or more solutions to the problem. Alternatively, sometimes you need to list out the causes and effects of a particular subject/issue.

If you are asked to give the reason and solution of an issue, you should focus on explaining why this issue is created and what could be a possible solution to that. Please note the question carefully. If it asks you to give reasons (plural of reason) , you should outline more than one reason. If it asks you to give solutions (note the plural form of “solution” here) , you must include more than one solution.

Similarly, this kind of essay topic may demand you to write about the causes and effects of something. If the question is what are the causes (note the plural form here) and effects (it is also plural) , mentioning just one cause and effect is not enough.

Typical question instructions can come in various ways. Examples include the below:

• What are the reasons for this? What could be done to solve this problem?
• What are the causes of this? Suggest some solutions.
• What problems does this cause? What solutions can you suggest to deal with this situation?
• What is the cause of this? What are the possible effects of this development?

Here are a few examples of IELTS Problem/Cause and Solution type questions: 1. Many students find it difficult to pay attention at school. What are the reasons for this? What could be done to solve this problem? [ Read the Model Essay ] 2. Nowadays many people complain that they have difficulty getting enough sleep. What problems can lack of sleep cause? What can be done about lack of sleep? [ Read the Model Essay ] 3. An increasing number of professionals, such as doctors, engineers and teachers, are leaving their own poorer countries to work in developed countries. What problems does this cause? What solutions can you suggest to deal with this situation? [ Read the Model Essay ] 4. People today suffer from more stress-related problems than in the past. What is the cause of this? What are the possible effects of this development?

Key strategies for a “Problem/Cause and Solution/Effect” IELTS Essay:

• Don’t introduce lots of problems/causes and solutions/effects in your essay. Just one (two or three if the question asks for reasons and solutions/effects instead of reason and solution/effect) is good enough.
• When dealing with more than one reason or solution (or cause and effects) mention your ideas sequentially.
• You can mention a problem/cause/reason and then propose a solution/effect immediately after that. Alternatively, you can list down the problems/causes/reasons in one paragraph and then the solutions/effects in the next paragraph.
• The solutions must be linked to the selected problems/causes.
• Try to give a convincing solution to a problem and mention if there is any data, study or case to support your solution.

Tips: Language to use while writing a Problem/Cause and Solution/Effect essay : You should use some useful and related phrases and vocabulary while writing this type of IELTS writing task 2 answer. If you get such an essay question in your IELTS Writing Task 2 exam, you need to discuss the problems or causes of a problem and suggest solutions or effects based on what the question demands and some vocabulary and phrases would definitely help you write a great essay.

The phrases you can use when writing about Problem/Cause and Solution/Effect in your essay:

✔ “Problem” is a noun denoting a situation that has to be dealt with because it causes inconvenience or harm. Some synonyms of “problems” are –

Some examples to present a problem: • Many developing nations are facing enormous economic and social problems after the pandemic. • Working mothers in today’s society are plagued with many social problems . • Drug abuse is a severe problem in many countries. • The government needs to do more to help curb the problem (=deal with the problem) of traffic congestion. • Problems can arise (problem can happen) when highly skilled workers end up seeking a better life in rich countries. • The government should address the problem (find ways of solving the problem) of air pollution.

✔ “Cause” is a noun denoting a person or thing that gives rise to an action, phenomenon, or condition. Some synonyms of “cause” are –

Note: “Cause” can also be a verb denoting the creation or generation of something.

Some examples to present a cause/reason with some useful phrases and words: • The root cause of poverty lies (=the origin of a problem is) in the unequal distribution of resources. • The issues caused by sleep deprivation go beyond just tiredness and often lower the body’s resistance to different common diseases. • Financial stress is perhaps the most common cause of this phenomenon .

✔ “Issue” is a noun referring to a subject that is important and needs to be explained; or a problem that requires to be dealt with. It is used particularly about problems that affect a lot of people in society. Some synonyms of “Issue” are –

Some examples to present an issue: • Global warming is the biggest issue (=the most important issue) facing the world today. • The issue can only be resolved (=be successfully dealt with) through dialogue. • Many poorer nations fail to address (=try to deal with) social issues like unemployment and violence against women. • Unemployment is an important issue when dealing with poverty. • Single-sex education is a highly controversial issue in many countries.

✔ “Solution” is a noun that denotes finding the remedy or cure of a problem. Some synonyms of “Solution” are –

Some examples to present a solution: • The government is trying to find a solution to the traffic congestion in major cities. • When a society faces challenges relating to poverty, the ideal solution is education. • There is no easy solution to global warming (=there is no easy way of dealing with global warming) . • In this essay, the writer will discuss the root causes of global warming, and try to put forward (=suggest) some effective long-term solutions . • Single-sex education is a highly controversial issue in many countries.

✔ “Answer” is a countable noun that means a successful way of dealing with a problem. Some synonyms of “Answer” are –

Some examples to propose/suggest an answer to an issue or a problem: • Many people think that the only answer to the problem of global warming is to use green energy. • Many countries have been struggling with brain drain for a long time, but no one has yet come up with an easy answer (=thought of an answer or find a solution) .

IELTS “Problem/Cause and Solution/Effect “ Essay Structure:

• Introduce problems/causes and related solutions/effects in brief
• Topic sentence – state the problem/cause 
• Explanation – explain the first problem/cause in detail
• Explanation- explain the second problem/cause in detail
• Example – give a relevant example
• Topic sentence – state an effective solution/(effect)
• Explanation – explain the first solution/(effect)
• Explanation – explain the second solution/(effect)
• Example – provide an example to support the solution/(effect)
• Summary of key points in first and second main body paragraphs
• State your opinion if necessary (optional if your opinion is not asked in the question, but should be included if the essay asks for your opinion) .

5) IELTS Double Question or Mixed Essays:

This type of IELTS Essay topic is also called two questions, direct questions, mixed questions IELTS essays. Typically, it comes with a statement or topic and then it asks you two different questions. It could ask for your opinion, then a solution, a critical analysis, a discussion and so on, and that is why it is also called the mixed IELTS Essay.

Below are a few examples of such essay topics:

1. Many stores sell organic fruits and vegetables (produced without the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides) even though they often cost more than conventional fruits and vegetables. Why do some people prefer to eat organic food? Do you think organic food is worth the extra cost? [ Read the Model Essay ] 2. Many people prefer to watch foreign films rather than locally produced films. Why could this be? Should governments give more financial support to local film industries? 3. News editors decide what to broadcast on television and what to print in newspapers. What factors do you think influence these decisions? Do we become used to bad news? Would it be better if more good news was reported? [ Read the Model Essay ] 4. Happiness is considered very important in life. Why is it difficult to define? What factors are important in achieving happiness? [ Read the Model Essay ]

Key strategies for a “Double Question or Mixed” IELTS Essay:

• You have to answer both questions fully.
• Each question should have one or two key points as an answer.
• Provide the answer to each question in an individual paragraph.
• Do not introduce too many ideas in a single paragraph.
• Give examples.

Tips: Language to use while writing a Double Question or Mixed Essay : While writing this type of essay, you often need to give reasons why something happens and also give your opinion or propose a solution.

Below are some useful expressions to give reasons:

✔ “Reason” could be a countable and uncountable noun that denotes a cause, explanation, or justification for an action or event. Some synonyms of “reason” are –

✔ “The reason (for this) is that…” is used to state the reason for something, particularly when the explanation is long. • The reason for preferring organic food is that it is beneficial to health. • The reason for taking a gap year after completing high school is that it gives young students an excellent opportunity to travel and gather first-hand experience.

✔ “In order to…” is used to mention why someone does something or why something happens. • People prefer organic food in order to keep their bodies healthy. • The world leaders gather in such events in order to come with effective solutions to pressing global problems.

✔ “Why” is a conjunction used to write about the reason that brings about something. • There are many reasons why people prefer organic food. • The primary reason why such research works are often misleading is that they do not consider anomalies or exceptions.

IELTS “Double Question or Mixed Essays “ Structure:

• State your overall opinion by answering both (sometimes even three) questions in brief. 
• Topic sentence
• State your answer to the first question
• Explanation – explain the answer to the first question
• Example – give example to support your point 
• State your answer to the second question
• Explanation – explain the answer to the second question
• Summary of key points
• Rephrase your opinion (if necessary)

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Types of essays to expect in your IELTS Writing Task 2

Preparing for IELTS Writing? Read this article on the different types of essays you are likely to encounter in the test.

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In Task 2 of the IELTS Writing test, you are asked to write an essay of at least 250 words in both the Academic and General training modules.  However, should you use the same approach to all essay questions?  The answer to this question is ‘no’ as there is more than one question type to consider when writing your answer. It is important to understand what the task requires from you because you may lose marks unnecessarily, even if you have good grammar and vocabulary.  Let’s have a look in more detail.

Opinion Essay

Here is a sample opinion essay question:

With traffic jams and pollution increasing every year in big cities, some people say that public transport should be free in big cities to help reduce these problems which are caused by cars. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

In the introduction to the essay, you can provide some background information, but importantly, make sure you paraphrase the input language (the words from the question) and indicate your position on the matter.  For example:

With the growth of middle classes around the world, ownership of motor cars has become much more common, particularly for those who reside in large urban areas.  It has been argued that free public transport should be provided in these metropolises as a method to curb the amount of polluted air and traffic congestion. This essay will explain why this approach should not be undertaken for cost and mobility reasons.

When it comes to your body paragraphs, it is important to have one core idea that you extend and develop.  You can do this by mentioning further explanation about a particular point, an example, a consequence or possibly a concession.  Let’s compare the two paragraphs below:

Paragraph A

The reasons for not providing free public transport for urban residents are diverse.  Firstly, there would be a significant cost for the government to pay for this, meaning they would have no option but to raise taxes for individuals rather than for industry which produces more pollution.  Secondly, this would be unfair for those who need to use vehicles for more door-to-door travel, such as people who live far from train and bus stations or those who need to carry many things with them.  Furthermore, if public transport is free, there would be overcrowding on trains and buses, meaning that people simply replace one type of inconvenience for another.

Paragraph B

Looking at the argument from a cost perspective, even though there is an initial financial advantage for commuters with savings made on fuel, at some point down the track this would be lost, as municipal governments would have no choice but to raise taxes to pay for the construction, management and maintenance of public transport facilities.  If the funds allocated to this were invested in how to make vehicles greener instead, such as with electric cars, the issue of air pollution would be addressed in a more cost-effective way. For example, the city of Taiyuan in China now has better air quality partly due to the investment they made in electric taxis and buses.

Paragraph A addresses the question, but it does have some issues:

1. There is no topic sentence.

2. There are too many ideas. It is better to have one core idea which is expanded or extended rather than making a list of separate items.

The reasons for not providing free public transport for urban residents are diverse. Firstly, there would be a significant cost for the government to pay for this, meaning they would have no option but to raise taxes for individuals rather than for industry which produces more pollution.  Secondly, this would be unfair for those who need to use vehicles for more door-to-door travel, such as people who live far from train and bus stations or those who need to carry many things with them. Furthermore, if public transport is free, there would be overcrowding on trains and buses, meaning that people simply replace one type of inconvenience for another.

Paragraph B is better developed than Paragraph A because:

It has a clear central topic (money)

The topic is extended with:

A concession

A consequence

Lastly, it is useful to end your essay with a conclusion.  This is where you can review your answer (your position plus the main points from the body paragraphs) and finish off with a final thought or suggestion.  For example:

To summarise, free public transport is not a viable option to reduce road blockages and improve air quality, as there are better cost efficient ways to do this and the mobility issues it can cause.  Moving forward, cities around the world should adopt greener transport options whether they be public or personal to ensure better traffic flow with fewer impurities in the air.

Discussion Essay

Here is a sample discussion essay.

Some people say that children should learn a foreign language when they are at kindergarten, but others feel that it is better for children to do this when they are teenagers. Discuss both of these views and give your own opinion.

The main thing to understand in a task like this is that there are 3 parts to the answer:

Discuss both of these views (1st and 2nd part)

and give your own opinion (3rd part)

When it comes to your introduction, it is important to mention both of these views, plus indicating your position can also be a good approach. For example:

Given that the world has become more globalised, the need to be able to use foreign languages has increased.  As a result, there are those who believe that a child’s kindergarten years should be when another language is introduced, while the opposing view is that it is more ideal to wait for when a youngster reaches adolescence.  This essay will reflect on both of these viewpoints before concluding with why the infancy argument is more valid.

When you ‘discuss both of these views’ in your body paragraphs, make sure you avoid mentioning your personal view.  This can avoid any confusion between what you think and what they views of others are.  Here are some introductory parts to the body paragraphs when discussing both views:

Looking at the kindergarten perspective firstly, the key reason why some claim this is a beneficial approach is …

With regards to waiting for the teenage years, supporters of this view argue that …

You will see that the writer has used phrases like ‘some claim’ and ‘supporters of this view’ to make sure that his/her own opinion is clearly separated.  When introducing your own perspective, you can clearly mark it as follows:

On balance, my personal view is to support the former view because …

Weighing up both sides of the issue, despite the confusion a second language can cause youngsters in their development, I am of the belief that...

Two-part Questions

Another question type you may see in your IELTS Writing test is one where you have two separate prompts you need to answer. Here are a few examples:

These days, many cities have problems when they grow quickly, such as accidents and traffic jams. Why do these problems occur? How do these problems impact people who travel for work or study?

A trend in current times is the need for many workers to spend time outside of company hours on answering text and e-mail messages for their job. What problems does this cause for the worker? What can be done to reduce the impact of these problems?

It is becoming very common these days for students to take courses over the Internet instead of in face-to-face classrooms. Why are more students choosing this way of learning? Is this a positive or a negative development?

In this type of task, you can write a body paragraph on each of the two questions, but it is important to fully understand what you focus should be. Try to match these tasks (A, B or C) with the type of response required:

Task Type                      Sample Question

1. Cause + opinion:           A, B or C?

2. Cause + effect:              A, B or C?

3. Cause + solution           A, B or C?

We can look at these sample questions in more detail now:

Why do these problems occur? = cause

How do these problems impact people who travel for work or study?   = effect

Therefore, this matches Type 2.

What problems does this cause for the worker?   = effect

What can be done to reduce the impact of these problems?   = solution

Therefore, this matches Type 3.

Why are more students choosing this way of learning?   = cause

Is this a positive or a negative development?   = opinion

Therefore, this matches Type 1.

We hope you found this article useful in helping you better prepare for the different types of essays you are likely to encounter in the IELTS Writing test.

Achieve your desired band score in IELTS Writing

The IELTS Writing test is considered as one of the toughest sections of the IELTS test. It doesn’t have to be when you have the right tools to boost your preparation and be confident on your test day. Check out these articles to learn more about the IELTS Writing test: 

IELTS Writing Task 2: How to understand IELTS question prompts  

How to paraphrase and boost your IELTS Writing Score  

Edit your IELTS Writing to avoid mistakes  

The A to Z of IELTS

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The IELTS writing section is one of the essential components of the IELTS exam as it evaluates your ability to express yourself effectively in written English.

Consisting of two tasks, Writing Task 1 and Writing Task 2 , this section aims to measure your skills in presenting information and opinions, as well as your capacity to organise and articulate ideas coherently.

As a result, it's important to know the most common essay topics for IELTS that are likely to come up.

Wish to score high in your IELTS? Download our comprehensive 30-day study guide for free

In this guide, we will discuss the latest IELTS essay topics for 2024 and give you some tips on how to approach them.

Table of Contents

Ielts writing task 2 for academic, 1. opinion essays, 2. discussion essays, 3. solution essays, 4. advantage or disadvantage essays, 5. direct question essays, 1. education, 2. technology, 3. environment, what are the topics for ielts writing, what is the most important essay for ielts, what are the common essay topics for ielts task 2, can i write 400 words in an ielts essay, is 7.0 a good ielts writing score, what happens if i don't write 250 words in ielts, what are the 3 essay types in ielts writing.

These topics are often repeated in IELTS exams , so make sure you are prepared for them!

Read also: IELTS tips and tricks to score high

IELTS Writing Task 2 for Academic assesses your ability to present and support an argument or opinion on a specific topic related to academic subjects or general issues. 

It consists of 2 tasks:

• IELTS Writing Task 1: It assesses your ability to interpret and describe visual information accurately. In this task, you are presented with a graph, chart, table, diagram, or process, and are required to write a short report summarising the information presented.
• IELTS Writing Task 2 : It assesses your ability to present and support an argument or opinion on a specific topic related to academic subjects or general issues. It requires you to express ideas coherently, use relevant examples, and maintain a well-structured essay format.

Types of IELTS essays

IELTS essays are divided into 5 main categories. These are:

Opinion essays require you to express your viewpoint on a given topic. You need to clearly state whether you agree or disagree with a statement and support your opinion with relevant arguments and examples.

“You say if you agree or disagree, back it up with good reasons.”

Sample IELTS essay writing topics:

• In your opinion, should the government invest more in space exploration or environmental conservation?
• Do you believe that social media has a positive impact on mental health?
• Some people argue that zoos are essential for animal conservation. What is your opinion on this matter?
• Is it better to raise children in a single-parent family or a two-parent family? Give reasons for your opinion.
• In your opinion, should school uniforms be mandatory for all students?
• Do you think that violent video games contribute to aggressive behavior in children?
• Some people believe that professional athletes are overpaid. Do you agree or disagree with this view?

Discussion essays demand a balanced analysis of a topic by exploring both sides of an argument. You need to present the main points for each perspective and provide a thoughtful discussion.

“You need to show both sides of a topic and talk about them fairly.”

• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using renewable energy sources over fossil fuels.
• What are the benefits and drawbacks of online education compared to traditional classroom learning?"
• Examine the impact of globalisation on local cultures and traditions.
• Discuss the pros and cons of the growing popularity of online shopping.
• Compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of living in a city versus living in a rural area.
• Examine the impact of technology on interpersonal communication in today's society.
• Discuss the positive and negative effects of immigration on a country's economy.

Solution essays require you to identify a problem and propose effective solutions to address it. You need to analyse the causes of the issue and present practical remedies.

“You talk about a problem and give practical ideas to fix it.”

• What are the main causes of traffic congestion in urban areas, and what measures can be taken to alleviate it?
• Discuss the steps that can be taken to reduce the use of plastic and promote eco-friendly alternatives.
• Explain how governments can encourage citizens to adopt healthier eating habits and combat obesity.
• What can be done to address the issue of unemployment among young people?
• "Discuss the measures that can be implemented to reduce air pollution in major cities.
• How can governments promote renewable energy adoption and decrease reliance on fossil fuels?
• Explain the steps that individuals can take to reduce their carbon footprint and combat climate change.

Advantage or disadvantage essays involve analyzing the positive and negative aspects of a particular subject or situation.

“You look at the good and bad parts of something.”

• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using artificial intelligence in various industries.
• What are the pros and cons of globalisation on the economies of developing countries?
• Examine the benefits and drawbacks of studying abroad for higher education.
• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using social media for personal communication.
• What are the positive and negative effects of tourism on local communities and the environment?
• Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using nuclear power as a source of energy.
• Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of the increasing reliance on online banking and digital transactions.

Also read: 12 best books for IELTS exam preparation

Direct question essays consist of several direct questions related to a specific topic. You need to answer these questions comprehensively.

“You answer specific questions about a topic.”

• Should governments invest more in public transportation or road infrastructure? Why?
• Do you believe that the use of animals for scientific research is justified? Why or why not?
• What are the key factors that contribute to job satisfaction? How can job satisfaction be improved?
• Should children be given access to smartphones at a young age? What are the potential consequences?
• Do you think that the death penalty should be abolished worldwide? Why or why not?
• What are the challenges of an ageing population, and how can societies address them?
• Should fast-food advertising be restricted to combat the rise in obesity rates among children? Why?

Also read: List of IELTS vocabulary words

8 Common IELTS Essay Topics

Here are the common IELTS essay topics

• Environment

IELTS essays can cover a wide range of topics, but some topics often appear in the exam. Let's explore The 8 most common IELTS essay topics:

Education is one of the most popular and influential topics for IELTS essays.

Education can take many forms, from formal education in a classroom to informal education through life experiences.

For example, in an essay about education, you could discuss the importance of formal education, the benefits and drawbacks of different types of schooling or teaching methods, or even the impact of technology on education.

Education is a complex and interesting subject. When writing an education-related essay, make sure you research different education systems around the world and provide examples to support your assertions.

Additionally, consider how education can affect different aspects of life, such as economic development or social mobility.

Depending on the question prompt and your personal opinion, you can craft compelling essays that make strong statements about education in general or focus more narrowly on particular aspects, such as technology's role in modern classroom settings.

Additionally, it helps to have a few concrete examples for supporting evidence so that your argument is convincing and well-rounded. Education is a broad topic, but with careful thought, any student can write an essay that impresses the IELTS examiners.

🎥 Watch our IELTS Lessons Playlist on YouTube . Our expert instructor covers all modules: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking.

Technology is one of the ten common IELTS essay topics and is becoming increasingly relevant in modern society.

Technology-related essays ask you to discuss the potential impact of technological solutions on an issue or analyze how technology has been used for progress in a particular field.

Technology can be used as both a positive and negative force, so it's important to consider both sides when tackling these types of IELTS essays. Be sure to explore various opinions and provide reliable evidence to support your points.

Technology should also be discussed regarding its implications for the future, particularly within the context of global development goals. In any case, keep in mind that technology should always be analyzed with a critical eye and thoughtful insight into its impacts on society.

When writing IELTS essays on technology, always use clear and thoughtful language that considers the future implications of this dynamic force.

By understanding the various facets of technology and approaching essay topics with an open mind, you'll be well-prepared to tackle any tech-related IELTS essay you encounter.

The environment is a popular topic for IELTS essays, and it's no surprise why.

Environment-related issues are growing in importance due to the impacts of climate change, pollution, and resource depletion.

As such, there are various IELTS essay topics that may focus on these issues. Examples include:

• Discussing ways to protect our environment from pollution
• Identifying strategies for reducing waste
• Examining the effects of global warming
• Studying methods of sustainable development
• Exploring how to conserve natural resources
• Investigating approaches to preserving biodiversity
• Analyzing the impact of climate change
• Evaluating renewable energy sources
• Proposing solutions to environmental problems
• Comparing environmental protection strategies in different countries.

It is important to keep up with current events and research related to environmental protection to provide relevant examples when writing your essays.

With the right preparation, you can ensure that your IELTS essay stands out from the crowd!

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Work is an important topic in both Work & Study essays, which are commonly seen on IELTS exams.

Work can refer to any job or career someone has chosen to pursue, whether they are paid or unpaid. Work essays typically end with a discussion of future trends related to the topic. It would be best if you explored both sides of this issue before concluding.

Work-related topics that often appear in IELTS essays include globalization and its effect on labour markets, automation and technological advances in the workplace, new forms of employment such as freelancing or gig economy jobs, part-time or flexible working, and the ethical implications of unpaid labour.

Brainstorming different perspectives on these topics is important to develop a well-rounded essay.

Work is an interesting and often contentious topic that many students are passionate about, so it's important to ensure your arguments are clear and persuasive. Work essays require much thought and research to earn a high score on IELTS exams.

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Culture is a popular IELTS essay topic due to its broad scope and complexity.

Culture can include anything from national traditions, customs, lifestyles, artwork, holidays, and cuisine. Culture also reflects a country's history and values, making it an important topic of discussion in the IELTS exam.

Essays on culture may ask you to discuss how culture affects society or how particular cultural aspects have changed over time. In addition, you may be asked about your own cultural experiences or views on certain cultures worldwide.

To prepare for this type of essay, you should research different cultures and be familiar with key elements such as language, religious beliefs, values, and rituals.

Being able to draw examples from various countries will help demonstrate your understanding of the complex nature of culture.

Also read: Describe a daily routine that you enjoy

Crime is a popular topic among IELTS essay questions.

Crime involves any behaviour that goes against social norms and laws, such as robbery, theft, murder, assault or even drug trafficking.

Therefore, it is important to consider both sides of an argument when writing about crime; for example, looking at both the benefits and drawbacks of harsher punishments or greater law enforcement.

Crime essay topics may include discussing the causes and effects of crime, how to tackle it, or its impact on society.

Examples of crime essay questions could involve researching the increase in juvenile delinquency, discussing effective strategies to reduce cybercrime, or providing solutions for tackling alcohol-related offences.

It is also important to provide evidence from reliable sources to support your opinion and make a compelling argument. The more informed you are about current issues concerning crime, the better prepared you will be when tackling this question type.

Ensure that your conclusion summarizes your views on crime and provides reasoned arguments that support them.

Related article: IELTS preparation books

Health is a common topic in IELTS essays, as health and well-being are integral parts of our lives.

You might be asked about health services, health care systems, health promotion, or health education. You may also be asked to discuss the causes and effects of public health issues such as obesity.

To answer these questions successfully, you need to understand health policies and current global health trends.

You should also include sound arguments explaining why certain approaches should be used to address health problems. Citing examples from your own experience or research can help strengthen your essay and make it more convincing.

Moreover, if you can provide health-related statistics, this can also help to illustrate the seriousness of health issues.

Health is an important topic in IELTS essays, and by properly researching and understanding health policies and global health trends, you can write effective essays on the subject.

You might also like: Score high on IELTS Speaking Exam

Family is another common IELTS essay topic.

Addressing issues such as nuclear versus extended families, parenting styles, gender roles in the home, or traditional versus modern family dynamics are all valid approaches when writing about this topic.

In any case, make sure you use relevant examples to illustrate your point and develop a logical and well-structured argument.

Family can be explored from different angles, ranging from exploring changes in family structure and values to discussing the roles of parents and children within the family dynamic.

It is also possible to write about how families interact with society or how they have adapted over generations to produce a unique culture.

Another important issue to consider when writing about family is how it has been affected by technological and social advancements. Exploring topics such as technology's impact on family life or how a changing society has led to different expectations of parents can provide interesting insights into the topic of family.

With such a wide range of possibilities, family can make for an interesting and thought-provoking essay topic on the IELTS exam.

The IELTS essays cover a wide range of topics and have been designed to test students' writing abilities.

These above-mentioned topics are the eight most common for IELTS essays, but many other potential topics could come up in your exam.

With practice and commitment, any student can become skilled in writing compelling content for the IELTS exam.

Frequently asked questions

IELTS writing topics cover a wide range of subjects, including education, health, technology, environment, society, work, and more. 

Both Task 1 and Task 2 essays hold importance in IELTS writing. However, Task 2 is often considered more crucial as it contributes more to your overall writing score and requires you to present and support your viewpoint on a relevant topic.

Common IELTS Task 2 essay topics include subjects like climate change, technology's impact, education systems, health, social issues, and cultural diversity.

While there's no strict word limit, it's advisable to aim for around 250 to 300 words for Task 2 essays. Writing excessively, such as 400 words, might lead to less focused and coherent content. It's essential to prioritize clarity and quality over word count.

A writing score of 7.0 in IELTS is generally considered good and reflects a strong level of language proficiency. 

Not meeting the recommended word count of around 250 words in Task 2 essays could potentially lead to a lower score. 

The three main essay types in IELTS writing Task 2 are opinion essays, discussion essays, and solution essays.

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Types of IELTS Essays: Everything You Need To Know 

• Updated on  
• Jan 3, 2024

The IELTS Writing Task 2 presents five main essay types: Opinion, Discussion, Advantage/Disadvantage, and Double-question essays. Test takers are given around 40 minutes to complete their chosen essay. Acquiring a thorough understanding of the different essay types will help you score better in the IELTS Writing Task 2, potentially setting you apart from your peers. 

Different Types of Essays in IELTS General Writing Task 2

There are 5 types of essays asked in IELTS General Writing Task 2. These are Opinion, Discussion, Problem-Solution, Advantage-Disadvantage and Double Question Essays. Refer to the data given below to understand the different types of essays in IELTS writing. 

Opinion Essays 

Opinion essays are also known as ‘agree/disagree’/’argumentative’ essays. These essays typically require individuals to express their opinions or arguments on the given topic. Opinion essay questions are predominantly framed as: 

• What is your opinion? 
• Do you agree or disagree? 
• To what extent do you agree or disagree? 

Opinion Essay Question Sample: 

• Students should be allowed to use their mobile devices during their classes. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 
• Governments should spend money on railways rather than roads. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?

Tips to Remember: 

• Indicate which side of the argument you’d like me to elucidate.
• Highlight your opinion in the introduction clearly and concisely. 
• Add examples and statements to add weight to your essay. 
• Give reasons why you hold this view.

Essay Structure

• Introduction- Paraphrase the question, State your opinion, and Give Two Reasons 
• Main Body Paragraph 1-  Outline the first reason for supporting this view, Emphasize the idea, and Provide an example
• Main Body Paragraph 2- Give your second reason supporting your opinion, explain the idea, and provide an example. 
•  Conclusion- Summarise your essay and give a solid conclusion

Discussion Essays 

These essays require you to analyse both sides of an argument. You’ll be expected to explore arguments for and against a specific statement, and ultimately, express your own opinion. Therefore, it’s best to prepare two distinct perspectives: one in which you find merit in the proposed statement, and another where you hold reservations. This balanced approach will demonstrate your comprehensive understanding of the topic and allow you to form a well-reasoned stance.

Discussion Essay Sample Questions: 

• Some people think that sports should be a mandatory part of the academic curriculum across schools at the primary level. However, some believe that sports should not be included as a part of the curriculum. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 
• Some people believe that AI should be implemented in creative work. However, some believe that one should refrain from using AI in creative works. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. 
• Inculcate the ability to perceive arguments from multiple angles. Understanding the reasoning behind differing perspectives fosters informed opinion-forming and facilitates productive arguments. 
• Talk about both perspectives, i.e., the one with which you agree and the one with which you don’t. 
• Many test takers make the common mistake of crafting their discussion essays weighing on only one side of the argument. This one-dimensional approach fails to demonstrate critical thinking and neglects the nuance inherent in most complex issues.
• Introduction- Paraphrase the question, State your own opinion, and Provide two reasons supporting your argument. 
• Main body paragraph 1 – State the view you don’t agree with, Provide an explanation with the help of examples
• Main body paragraph 2 – State the view you do agree with, Provide an explanation with the help of an example
• Conclusion- Summarise your essay 

Problem Essays 

Problem essays are commonly known as ‘causes and solutions’/ ‘problems and solutions’ essays. Such essays necessitate a focus on the specific problems and solutions outlined in the question. However, simply compiling a list of every conceivable issue and remedy is a fruitless endeavour. Instead, one must emphasize upon identifying problems and solutions that seamlessly intertwine, forming a cohesive narrative that comprehensively addresses the given topic.

Problem Essay Question Samples: 

• Poverty is a major global issue. What are the primary causes of poverty? How can it be solved? 
• Cigarette smoking kills more people than bullets. What are the negative effects of smoking cigarettes? How can one stop smoking? 

Tips to Remember

• You should avoid listing too many causes and solutions. 
• Pick one or two causes and solutions and work on them. 
• Make sure that your causes and solutions are interlinked with each other. They must correlate. 
• Introduction- Paraphrase the question and highlight the primary problem and solution. 
• Main Body Paragraph 1- State the primary problem and provide a coherent explanation with the help of examples. 
• Main Body Paragraph 2- State the solution with the help of explanations and examples.
• Conclusion- Summarise the key points 

Advantages & Disadvantages Essays

These essays require test takers to write about both the advantages and disadvantages of the given topic. Some questions about advantage/disadvantage essays are framed as: 

• What are the advantages and disadvantages of….?
• Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?
• Discuss the advantages and disadvantages and give your opinion.

Advantages and Disadvantages Sample Question 

• AI is being implemented in most of the working sectors in the world. What are the major advantages and disadvantages of using AI? 
• Introduction- Paraphrase the question and then provide your opinion. 
• Main body paragraph 1 – State the advantage and explain it in your own words along with some examples. Furthermore, state the result. 
• Main body paragraph 2 – State the disadvantage and explain along with examples and results. 
• Conclusion- Summarise the key points and state your opinion. 

Double Question Essays

Such essays are commonly known as direct-question or two-question essays. In these essays, test takers are required to answer two different questions that may or may not be linked. 

• Test takers must answer both questions. 
• Make sure to not confuse double-question essays with discussion or opinion essays. 
• Avoid writing about too many ideas. 

Double Question Sample  Essays 

• In academics and jobs, some people work harder than others. Why do some people work harder? Is it always better to work hard? 
• Companies use advertisements to make more sales. How can advertising help companies monetarily? Is advertising good or bad for sales? 
• Introduction- Paraphrase the question and outline the sentence. 
• Main body paragraph 1 –State your answer and explain your answer with the help of an example.
• Main body paragraph 2 – State your answer and explain with the help of an example. 
• Conclusion- Summarise both questions and answers.

Best Vocabulary for IELTS Essays

Mastery of vocabulary is integral to scoring better in IELTS Writing Task 2. A robust vocabulary not only demonstrates fluency in English but also showcases your ability to articulate complex ideas with ease. Furthermore, employing effective linking words and phrases strengthens the coherence and flow of your writing. To assist you in achieving high scores, here are some valuable vocabulary resources for IELTS essays.

So that was all about the types of IELTS Essays. We hope the blog has answered your queries about the topic.

Ans. There are five different types of IELTS Essays, namely opinion essays, discussion essays, problem essays, advantage/disadvantage essays and double-question essays. 

Ans. The IELTS Writing Task 2 requires students to complete the task within 40 minutes. 

Ans. On the other hand, On the contrary, However, Nevertheless, But, and Nonetheless are some of the words that you can use to show contrast in IELTS Essays.

Visit the Leverage Live page of Leverage edu or contact our study abroad experts at 1800-57-2000 to strengthen your scores and application to secure your spot in your dream college. 

Shubham Das

Shubham Das has been working as an educational content writer for the past two years and has a background in filmmaking & screenplay/ teleplay writing. He is fascinated by the human psyche, literature and cinema.

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6 Types of Essays in IELTS Writing Task 2

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Updated on 29 July, 2024

Sunita Kadian

Ielts expert.

Did you know having a command over different IELTS essays can help you improve your band score? Wondering how? I was also left pondering about the same when my friend received a 8+ band in IELTS writing! The secret? She had mastered the art of writing IELTS essays by understanding different types of essays and how to go about each differently.

Being aware of the distinctions between each type of essay not only helps when you come to clear up your thoughts, it also means that your composition will meet the standards which examiners are looking out for in IELTS tests.

Let’s look at different types of IELTS essays in detail.

Table of Contents

1. discussion essay, 2. opinion essay, 3. two-part essay, 4. advantage and disadvantage essay, 5. cause and solution essay, 6. mixed type essays, 1. opinion essays, 2. discussion essays, 3. problem-solution essays, 4. advantage-disadvantage essays, 5. two-part (or direct question) essays, 6. mixed essays, recommended structure for ielts writing task 2, 1. understand the prompt, 2. plan your essay, 3. use clear and coherent language, 4. stay on topic, 5. review and revise, annotations for each essay part:, download e-books for ielts preparation, learn more about study abroad, download ielts sample papers, important study abroad articles, popular study abroad destinations, types of essay in ielts writing task 2.

In IELTS Writing Task 2, test-takers need to respond to a point of view, argument or problem. To score high in IELTS Writing Task 2, you must have a clear grasp of the various essay types that could come up in the exam.

This essay may be the difference between a low band and a high band overall for your writing. Here are the different types of essays in IELTS Academic Writing Task 2 that will help you understand the pattern and format.

• Discussion Essay
• Opinion Essay
• Two-part Essay
• Advantage/Disadvantage Essay
• Cause/Solution Essay
• Mixed Type Essays

In discussion essays, you get a question with opposing views, where you have to discuss both sides of a statement and give supporting points. Start with mentioning general opinions on both the views based on what others think about it. You can state your personal opinion only if you are asked to do so.

The easiest way to approach this type of IELTS Task 2 question is to choose one point of view to agree with and disagree with the other. For this, you need to understand the question well and then draft the essay in such a way that it does justice to both sides. This is up to you to decide whether you agree with the statement or not.

Example: Many consider television is good for students, while some think it is a bad influence. Here, you need to speak for both sides and finally pen down your opinion. The structure of the discussion essay looks like the following:-

• Introduction: stating both the views
• Paragraph A with opinion of others on one view
• Paragraph B with opinion of others on another view
• Conclusion: Summarizing both the sides and ending with a personal opinion (only if asked)

The opinion essay is the most common type of IELTS Task 2 question. Here, the question will be presented with a particular opinion. you need to either agree or disagree with the opinion and provide your opinion based on relevant information, ideas, and experience.

This is also an argumentative essay where the opinions are discussed, and contrary statements are produced. There should be suitable reasons behind agreeing or disagreeing with the particular opinion in the question. It is important to discuss both views, from agreeing to disagreeing points of view, and end the essay with your opinion.

Example: A big salary is much more important than job satisfaction. Do you agree? Do you disagree? What is your opinion? This is a high scoring essay, but it is essential to understand the question and present a relevant opinion with the support of evidence and ideas. The following is the structure of the opinion essay:-

• Introduction with paraphrasing the question and stating your opinion
• Paragraph A with no topic sentence but a core idea
• Paragraph B with the expansion and supporting examples of the core idea stated in paragraph A
• Conclude with your final thought or opinion on the question

In the two-part essay type, you get one statement followed by two different questions. These questions may or may not be linked. This essay type is also known as a two question or direct-question essay. Below is the structure of the multi-part essay:-

• Introduction: paraphrasing the question and highlighting the sentences that answer the two questions
• Paragraph A: answering the first question with a topic sentence, explanation, and supporting examples
• Paragraph B: answering the second question with a topic sentence, explanation, and supporting examples
• Conclusion: highlighting the key points of both the answers

An advantage and disadvantage essay type is also a two-part essay, where you need to enlist all the advantages and disadvantages of a particular thing, event, or situation. given in the statement.

It is essential to understand the question; only then will candidates be able to note down all the perks and drawbacks of a certain sentence. For example, a topic like “Some people think it is good to take a year gap before joining the university.” Write the advantages and disadvantages of this statement. Here, you are not supposed to write your own opinion or agree or disagree with the statement. It is an informative essay where you discuss the advantages and disadvantages of a particular event or thing.

Make sure the points are valid for both sides. The question type could be any of the following three categories where:-

• you have to write advantages and disadvantages only.
• you have to decide whether the number of advantages outweighs the number of disadvantages or vice versa.
• you have to write advantages and disadvantages along with stating your opinion.

Also, when writing the advantage and disadvantage type of essay, the below essay structure must be followed:-

• Introduction: rephrasing the question and highlighting the view points from there
• Paragraph A: mentioning one or two advantage(s) along with a detailed explanation and one example
• Paragraph B: mentioning one or two disadvantage(s) along with a detailed explanation and one example
• Conclusion: highlighting the key takeaways and your opinion

A cause and solution essay type gives you a question stating a problem. Here, you are expected to mention the causes of a certain situation or event, along with all the solutions or precautions to avoid such problems.

You must analyze and interpret the statement to find the causes and think of unique and competitive ideas that can stop or prevent those problems For instance, pollution has drastically increased with more and more people switching to personal vehicles. What are the other causes of pollution? Discuss the solutions to overcome the problem of pollution.

Follow the below-mentioned essay structure for cause and solution type of essay in IELTS Writing Task 2:-

• Introduction: paraphrasing the problem statement given in the question
• Paragraph A: mentioning the problem or cause, along with its explanation and supporting example
• Paragraph B: mentioning the solution, along with its explanation and supporting example
• Conclusion: mentioning the key points and your opinion 

A mixed type essay, as the name suggests, combines elements from different essay formats in IELTS Writing Task 2. Rather than stating a direct agree/disagree or problem/solution essay, it usually presents two separate questions related to the same topic.

These questions require you to analyze the cause or provide solutions (like problem-solution essays) or discuss advantages and disadvantages and then express your viewpoints (similar to opinion essays). Hence, these essays are also termed as Advantages and Disadvantages + Opinion Essays.

When writing IELTS mixed type essays, you must remember that both parts of the question are answered and connect to the central topic. You should carefully analyze the two questions before attempting to understand what each part requires and answer them meticulously.

Here is a brief breakdown of the structure of the mixed IELTS essays:-

• Introduction: Briefly introduce the topic and remember to state the two parts of the question.
• Paragraph A: cover the first part of the question with examples in one or two paragraphs.
• Paragraph B: write one or two paragraphs dedicated to the second part of the question, which is to express your opinion on the topic. 
• Conclusion: highlight the key points and state your opinion or provide a solution to the topic. 

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Detailed Analysis of Each IELTS Essay Type

Definition and characteristics:.

Opinion essays require the candidate to express their viewpoint on a specific topic. The essay must clearly state whether they agree or disagree with the statement and provide reasons and examples to support their opinion.

Discussion essays ask candidates to discuss both sides of an argument and present their viewpoints. It involves a balanced discussion where both perspectives are considered before stating the candidate's opinion.

Problem-solution essays require the identification of a problem and the suggestion of one or more solutions. The essay should outline the problem, its causes, and possible solutions.

Advantage-disadvantage essays involve discussing the pros and cons of a given topic. Candidates must weigh both sides and provide a balanced view.

Direct question essays consist of two or more questions related to a topic. Candidates need to address each question comprehensively.

Mixed IELTS essays are the ones where the question has two parts, one related to the problem statement/cause or advantage/disadvantage and the other requires you to express your opinion.

Common Question Prompts:

• "Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?"
• "To what extent do you agree or disagree?"
• "Discuss both views and give your opinion."
• "What are the advantages and disadvantages of this approach?"
• "What are the problems associated with X, and how can they be solved?"
• "Discuss the causes and effects of X and provide solutions."
• "What are the advantages and disadvantages of X?"
• "Discuss the benefits and drawbacks of X."
• "What are the reasons for X? What can be done to improve it?"
• "Why do people X? What are the consequences?"
• “What are the main reasons for X? Do you believe X?”
• “Why is X? Discuss your viewpoints on this.”

Now that you have understood the different essay types, let me throw some light on the recommended structure for writing an effective essay in the IELTS Writing Task 2. You will get to know how your structured essay can make a great difference on your answer’s presentation.

Here’s the IELTS essay structure one must follow:

Introduction:

Briefly introduce the topic. Clearly state your thesis or main point.

• Opinion Essays: Two or three paragraphs, each presenting a reason supporting your opinion.
• Discussion Essays: One paragraph for each side of the argument, followed by a paragraph stating your opinion.
• Problem-Solution Essays: One paragraph detailing the problem, followed by one or two paragraphs suggesting solutions.
• Advantage-Disadvantage Essays: One paragraph each for advantages and disadvantages, followed by a conclusion.
• Two-part Questions Essays: One paragraph per question, addressing each comprehensively.
• Mixed Type Essays: One paragraph for the first part of the question, followed by one or two paragraphs on your opinion.

Conclusion:

Summarize the main points. Restate your opinion or main point. Provide a final thought or recommendation if applicable.

Related Reads:

5 Tips for Writing Effective Essays in IELTS Writing Task 2

Ensure you comprehend what the question is asking before you start writing. Often candidates make the mistake of going by what they see first and answering differently from what is expected as an answer. 

Take a few minutes to outline your main points. This can be done by creating a rough structure (paragraph-wise) of these points to give you a template to follow when you start writing. 

Avoid overly complex sentences that may confuse the reader. Stick to simple and grammatically correct language that gets the message across. 

Ensure each paragraph addresses the essay question directly. Offer examples, but do not get into other territory. Stick to the main topic as much as possible. 

Leave a few minutes at the end to check for grammatical or spelling errors. Also, make sure that you stick to a reasonable word count for your essay.

Pro Tip: Improving your command of the English language can help to articulate your thoughts. Practice reading the English newspaper’s editorial section to gain a good knowledge of vocabulary and grammar. Practice listening to English news channels daily to better understand topics that need your agreement or disagreement.

Sample Essay Breakdown

Here is an example of how to write an essay for IELTS writing task 2.

Sample Essay:

In recent years, the debate over whether students should be required to wear school uniforms has intensified. While some argue that uniforms promote equality, I firmly believe they restrict individual expression. I will illustrate my opinion regarding how uniforms should not be worn in order to avoid limiting personal expression.

It can be said that uniforms do promote a sense of equality among students. From a surface level, it may matter, considering how students come from varying family and financial backgrounds. Some may also argue that uniforms instill a sense of discipline and adherence to the rules and regulations of the educational institution. At the same time, they also work as identifiers of the institution itself, while building a sense of pride and respect among students in flaunting their association with the same.

Despite taking the above-mentioned considerations into account, I believe that wearing them amounts to restrictions on personal expression. In an increasingly competitive world, the one thing that works as a differentiator among learners is individuality. This is also linked intrinsically to personal expression, beliefs, creativity, and mental wellbeing.

Allowing students to not wear uniforms and instead cultivate their own style of dressing will have multiple benefits, in terms of freeing them up to showcase their personal styles, foster creativity, and give them an independent and confident streak that will help them excel in their later professional and personal lives.

In conclusion, while uniforms may foster equality, the restriction on personal expression is too significant. Therefore, I believe students should not be required to wear them.

• The introduction clearly states the topic and the writer's opinion.
• Each body paragraph provides a clear reason supporting the opinion, with examples.
• The conclusion succinctly summarizes the argument and restates the opinion.

Now, you must have a fair understanding of what you should include in each part of the IELTS essay. Make sure you check these carefully since this is how the examiner will evaluate the essay. 

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In conclusion, understanding the different types of essays in IELTS Writing Task 2 is crucial for candidates aiming to achieve a high score. Whether it's an argumentative, discussion, problem-solution, or opinion essay, each type demands a specific approach in terms of structure, development of ideas, and argumentation.

Success in this task hinges not just on linguistic proficiency but also on the ability to organize and present thoughts coherently, addressing the essay prompt effectively while showcasing a range of vocabulary and grammatical structures. 

As candidates prepare for their IELTS exam, practicing these various essay types and receiving feedback on their writing can significantly enhance their skills, equipping them to tackle IELTS Writing Task 2 with confidence and precision.

Other Useful Reads:

How many types of essays are there in IELTS?

There are mainly six types of essays in IELTS. These essays are: Discussion Essay, Agree/Disagree (Opinion) Essay, Problem and Solution Essay, Advantages and Disadvantages Essay, Two-part Questions Essay, and Multi-Part Essay.  

What is the minimum word count and time limit for the essay in IELTS task 2?

In the IELTS writing task 2, students are asked to write an essay of a minimum of 250 words in 40 minutes.

How to write examples in an IELTS essay?

In the IELTS Writing Task, it is vital to be able to extend ideas to support a student’s viewpoint about a topic. This can be done with supporting points and specific examples. Using examples gives the examiner a clear idea of how a candidate develops the essay's main idea. Stick to one idea in each .

paragraph and explain it with the topic. The main concept must be relevant and particular to the question asked.  

How many types of essays are in IELTS task 1?

The IELTS Writing Task 1 is different from the IELTS General test and IELTS Academic Test. In the general test, applicants are presented with a situation and asked to write a letter requesting information or explaining a situation.

In the academic test, candidates are presented with a graph, table, chart, or diagram and asked to describe, summarize or explain the information in their own words. In IELTS task 1, students are asked to write a report rather than an essay.

How to improve essay writing skills for IELTS?

Here are some tips to improve your essay writing skills for IELTS:-

• Use your time wisely
• Understand the task/prompt
• Organize your ideas logically
• Work on your grammatically range & lexical resource
• Analyze and learn from your mistakes

What is the format of writing task 2 in IELTS?

IELTS Writing Task 2 requires candidates to write an essay of at least 250 words in response to a point of view, argument, or problem. The essay should be well-organized, with an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. It is important to address the task appropriately and provide clear, relevant arguments and examples, while completing the same within 40 minutes.

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Most Common IELTS Task 2 Topics (In 2024)

The post will give you the 10 most common task 2 topics.

The post will give you the 10 most common IELTS Writing Task 2 topics.

IELTS Writing Topics

A question my students keep asking, repeatedly, is ‘What are the most common IELTS writing part 2 topics?’ They are worried that they won’t be familiar with the topic and will not have any relevant ideas. This is especially true for students from ‘developing’ countries because most of the questions are ‘first world’ problems and issues. Let’s turn that disadvantage into an advantage.

To answer the question, I have asked my students over the last few years to send me the topics on their exams.

A big thank you to those students who were kind enough to send me their questions.  I have built up a huge amount of questions, and I think it is about time to analyse them.

Are the same Writing Task 2 topics repeated?

The answer is yes and no. There are a huge amount of topics that come up in writing task 2. At the last count, there were around 50 different topics (based on collecting data over the last few years), and if you would like all 50, please let me know, but I’m more concerned about the topics that come up again and again. If you have time to familiarise yourself with over 50 topics, then please do, but I think most people have to be smart with their time, and it, therefore, makes more sense to prioritise the most common topics.

I try to encourage my students to be efficient in learning. However, I don’t agree with the saying ‘Work smart, not hard’ as this implies you can do very little work and still achieve your goals. My motto is to work hard and smart.

IELTS Essay Topics

10 general topics come up more often than all of the rest put together. They are:

• Environment
• Development
• Globalisation
• Public Transport
• Criminal Justice
• Youth Crime
• Government Spending

So what can I do with this information?

Now you know the common topics, there are 3 things you can do:

1.  Develop a vocabulary list for each topic

Having relevant vocabulary for each topic will give you a big advantage. Many students fail to provide relevant vocabulary, and their band score suffers.

When looking at new vocabulary, try to guess the meaning from context first and then look up the meaning to ensure your idea matches the actual meaning. Also, be sure to look at the word within a sentence to be aware of how it relates to other words.

When recording vocabulary, do it in a way that will help YOU remember it. Everyone learns differently, and everyone learns vocabulary differently. Some people like to draw pictures beside the word, some like synonyms or antonyms, others prefer to write a few sentences, and others like to use the phonemic chart to write the word that way. Whatever works for you, do it.

It is also very important to review words regularly. This is the most effective way to remember the words. So many people learn lots of words and a week later, they can’t remember them. I would recommend reviewing them one day after learning them for the first time, then one week later and then finally one month later. After that, they should be firmly stuck in your head for good.

I am developing a vocabulary list for each of the topics above, which you can access here.

2. Practice reading and listening within these topics

To do well on your IELTS test, you should practice at home. Even just 60 minutes per day can make a big difference. This will not only improve all four skills but familiarise you with the common topics at the same time. Why waste time listening or reading something if it is about something that probably won’t come up on the test? Unless you are listening or reading for pleasure; in that case, be my guest.

When reading an English newspaper, look for articles on common topics and highlight good vocabulary.

If you like listening to the radio or podcasts, find ones on common topics.

Please check out my 25 online language learning tools for many ways to study at home for free.

3. Study the common topics

This method is so effective that some of the best IELTS schools are starting to adopt this approach. If you are going to study or practice anything, then do it within the context of one of the common topics. For example, if you are practising speaking with a friend on Skype, why not discuss one of the issues above? If you are practising writing essays, find a question about one of the most popular or repeated IELTS topics.

This method allows you to practice both skills and learn about these crucial topics.

They also come up quite a lot in the speaking test.

Can I focus on these topics and get a high band score?

Obviously, there is much more to achieving a high score than just focusing on repeated topics, but this will allow you to study and prepare more smartly and efficiently, giving you a huge advantage.

However, I would like to add that studying things you are passionate about is also important. If you are genuinely interested in a topic, then it is much easier to study, and you are less likely to quit. Please also make time to read, listen, talk and write about your passion. If you love football, read about your team every day on www. goal.com . Love fashion?- find some fashionista blogs. Have a passion for photography?- why not blog about it? Have a passion for astrophysics? Listen to star talk radio.

Here are the latest topics:

• Traditional Culture
• International Aid
• The Environment

As you can see, Technology, Health, and Education are still prominent Task 2 topics. It was interesting to see Traditional Culture popping up twice in such a short period, but that doesn’t mean that it will definitely feature again soon.

I still think that Technology, Health, Education and the Environment are important topics and will regularly feature in the future. Reading about these topics will help you, and you will also pick up other vocabulary just by reading about them.

The important thing is to read actively. When you see a word you don’t know, note it down and find its meaning, collocation and synonyms. Soon you will have a notebook full of new words, and you review them regularly until they become part of your vocabulary.

I recommend looking at our IELTS task 2 page for many more lessons, tips and sample task 2 answers.

Need help writing essays? Check out our ESSAY CORRECTION SERVICE .

The best way to keep up to date with our latest posts is to like our page on Facebook . There are also daily practice activities on our Facebook page.

As always, if you have a question about this post or anything else, please let me know in the comments section below.

About Christopher Pell

My name is Christopher Pell and I'm the Managing Director of IELTS Advantage.

I started IELTS Advantage as a simple blog to help 16 students in my class. Several years later, I am very humbled that my VIP Course has been able to help thousands of people around the world to score a Band 7+ in their IELTS tests.

If you need my help with your IELTS preparation, you can send me an email using the contact us page.

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• Academic practice
• General practice
• Task 1 Academic
• Task 1 General
• Task 2 (essay)

Common IELTS Writing task 2 questions

• Remember the ideal answer structure;
• Overcome your writing weaknesses (such as grammar mistakes);
• Remember some key ideas and vocabulary for each topic, so you don’t get confused on the exam.

Questions are divided by themes.

Task 2 questions by theme:

Art (3 questions)

Education (8 questions)

Environment (10 questions)

Friends and family (7 questions)

Government and society (7 questions)

Health (6 questions)

Jobs and Employment (7 questions)

Relationships (5 questions)

Science and technology (5 questions)

Sport (4 questions)

Travel and tourism (5 questions)

TV, music and media (6 questions)

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Types of essays to expect in your IELTS Writing Task 2

Preparing for IELTS Writing? Read this article on the different types of essays you are likely to encounter in your IELTS Writing Task 2.

Content Tags

What is asked in ielts writing task 2.

In Task 2 of the IELTS Writing test, you are asked to write an essay of at least 250 words in both the Academic and General Training modules.  However, should you use the same approach to all essay questions?  The answer to this question is ‘ no ’ as there is more than one question type to consider when writing your answer. 

The task instructions give you information about the question telling you how to discuss the topic in your essay. You may be asked to provide factual information, outline and present solutions, justify an opinion or evaluate evidence and ideas. It's important to understand what the task requires from you because you may lose marks unnecessarily, even if you have good grammar and vocabulary.  Let’s have a look in more detail.

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Opinion Essay

Here is a sample opinion essay question:

With traffic jams and pollution increasing every year in big cities, some people say that public transport should be free in big cities to help reduce these problems which are caused by cars. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Introduction

In the introduction to the essay, you can provide some background information, but importantly, make sure you paraphrase the input language (the words from the question) and indicate your position on the matter.  For example:

With the growth of middle classes around the world, ownership of motor cars has become much more common, particularly for those who reside in large urban areas.  It has been argued that free public transport should be provided in these metropolises as a method to curb the amount of polluted air and traffic congestion. This essay will explain why this approach should not be undertaken for cost and mobility reasons.

IELTS Writing Task 2: How to write a good introduction

Body Paragraphs

When it comes to your body paragraphs, it is important to have one core idea that you extend and develop.  You can do this by mentioning further explanation about a particular point, an example, a consequence or possibly a concession.  Let’s compare the two paragraphs below:

Paragraph A

The reasons for not providing free public transport for urban residents are diverse.  Firstly, there would be a significant cost for the government to pay for this, meaning they would have no option but to raise taxes for individuals rather than for industry which produces more pollution.  Secondly, this would be unfair for those who need to use vehicles for more door-to-door travel, such as people who live far from train and bus stations or those who need to carry many things with them.  Furthermore, if public transport is free, there would be overcrowding on trains and buses, meaning that people simply replace one type of inconvenience for another.

Paragraph A addresses the question, but it does have some issues:

1. There is no topic sentence.

2. There are too many ideas. It is better to have one core idea which is expanded or extended rather than making a list of separate items.

Paragraph B

Looking at the argument from a cost perspective, even though there is an initial financial advantage for commuters with savings made on fuel, at some point down the track this would be lost, as municipal governments would have no choice but to raise taxes to pay for the construction, management and maintenance of public transport facilities.  If the funds allocated to this were invested in how to make vehicles greener instead, such as with electric cars, the issue of air pollution would be addressed in a more cost-effective way. For example, the city of Taiyuan in China now has better air quality partly due to the investment they made in electric taxis and buses.

Paragraph B is better developed than Paragraph A because:

It has a clear central topic (money)

The topic is extended with:

A concession

A consequence

IELTS Writing 2 - how to organise your response

Lastly, it is useful to end your essay with a conclusion.  This is where you can review your answer (your position plus the main points from the body paragraphs) and finish off with a final thought or suggestion.  For example:

To summarise, free public transport is not a viable option to reduce road blockages and improve air quality, as there are better cost efficient ways to do this and the mobility issues it can cause.  Moving forward, cities around the world should adopt greener transport options whether they be public or personal to ensure better traffic flow with fewer impurities in the air.

IELTS Writing Task 2: How to write a good conclusion

Discussion Essay

Here is a sample discussion essay.

Some people say that children should learn a foreign language when they are at kindergarten, but others feel that it is better for children to do this when they are teenagers. Discuss both of these views and give your own opinion.

The main thing to understand in a task like this is that there are 3 parts to the answer:

Discuss both of these views (1st and 2nd part)

and give your own opinion (3rd part)

When it comes to your introduction, it is important to mention both of these views, plus indicating your position can also be a good approach. For example:

Given that the world has become more globalised, the need to be able to use foreign languages has increased.  As a result, there are those who believe that a child’s kindergarten years should be when another language is introduced, while the opposing view is that it's ideal to wait for when a youngster reaches adolescence.  This essay will reflect on both of these viewpoints before concluding with why the infancy argument is more valid.

When you ‘discuss both of these views in your body paragraphs, make sure you avoid mentioning your personal view.  This can avoid any confusion between what you think and what the views of others are.  Here are some introductory parts to the body paragraphs when discussing both views:

Looking at the kindergarten perspective firstly, the key reason why some claim this is a beneficial approach is …

With regards to waiting for the teenage years, supporters of this view argue that …

You will see that the writer has used phrases like ‘some claim’ and ‘supporters of this view’ to make sure that his/her own opinion is clearly separated.  When introducing your own perspective, you can clearly mark it as follows:

On balance, my personal view is to support the former view because …

Weighing up both sides of the issue, despite the confusion a second language can cause youngsters in their development, I am of the belief that...

IELTS Writing Task 2: 8 steps towards a band 8

Two-part Questions

Another question type you may see in your IELTS Writing test is one where you have two separate prompts you need to answer. Here are a few examples:

These days, many cities have problems when they grow quickly, such as accidents and traffic jams. Why do these problems occur? How do these problems impact people who travel for work or study?

A trend in current times is the need for many workers to spend time outside of company hours on answering text and e-mail messages for their job. What problems does this cause for the worker? What can be done to reduce the impact of these problems?

It is becoming very common these days for students to take courses over the Internet instead of in face-to-face classrooms. Why are more students choosing this way of learning? Is this a positive or a negative development?

In this type of task, you can write a body paragraph on each of the two questions, but it is important to fully understand what you focus should be. Try to match these tasks (A, B or C) with the type of response required:

Task Type                      Sample Question

1. Cause + opinion:           A, B or C?

2. Cause + effect:              A, B or C?

3. Cause + solution           A, B or C?

We can look at these sample questions in more detail now:

Why do these problems occur? = cause

How do these problems impact people who travel for work or study?   = effect

Therefore, this matches Type 2.

What problems does this cause for the worker?   = effect

What can be done to reduce the impact of these problems?   = solution

Therefore, this matches Type 3.

Why are more students choosing this way of learning?   = cause

Is this a positive or a negative development?   = opinion

Therefore, this matches Type 1.

We hope you found this article useful in helping you better prepare for the different types of essays you are likely to encounter in the IELTS Writing.

Achieve your desired band score in IELTS Writing

The IELTS Writing test is considered as one of the toughest sections of the IELTS test. It doesn’t have to be when you have the right tools to boost your preparation and be confident on your test day. Check out these articles to learn more about the IELTS Writing test: 

IELTS Writing Task 2: How to understand IELTS question prompts  

How to paraphrase and boost your IELTS Writing Score  

Top 10 tools to improve your written English

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Before I share with you the 7 different types of questions, you need to know the difference between an "expository" and an "opinion" question. Expository Question : Asks information and ideas. DOES NOT ask you to take a position.

QN: " Discuss the reasons why people use their mobile phones so much."

In this question, you are not asked to take a position between two options. Rather, you're asked to "discuss" and give ideas on the reasons for how people are using their handphones so much. Therefore, such a question is considered an expository question.

Opinion Question : Asks y ou to take a position.

QN: "Everyone should be taxed for disposing waste in order to reduce wastage.

Do you agree or disagree?"

This question asks you whether you "agree or disagree" to a statement. The statement is that people should be paying for disposing their rubbish, and you are asked to take a position for this question. Therefore, this question is considered an opinion question. Having understood this important distinction, let us now get into the 7 types of essay questions.

1. Two-Part Expository - Advantages and Disadvantages

QN: "In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies.

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this."

This question falls under the "two-part expository" category because there are two questions and both of them are expository questions - i.e. both questions just ask you for information and ideas and do not ask you to take a position.

In this case, the two questions relate to "advantages" and "disadvantages".

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2. Two-Part Expository - Causes and Solutions OR Problems and Solutions

QN: "In some countries the average weight of people is increasing and their levels of health and fitness are decreasing.

What do you think are the causes of these problems and what measures could be taken to solve them?" ( Cau ses and Solu tions)

QN: "Sometimes tourists may damage tourist sites.

What are some of the negative effects of this? Suggest some solutions to this problem." ( Problems and Solutions)

There are two versions of this type of question. It either asks you for the causes (i.e. reasons) of something and the solutions OR it asks you for the problems (i.e. negative effects) of something and solutions.

You can find an example of each kind above. The "causes and solutions" version is the more common of the two versions.

3. Two-Part Expository - Others

QN: "Nowadays, people are less likely to trust news agencies.

Why is this happening? What qualities are necessary to become a good journalist?"

This question also falls under the "two-part expository" category. However, this third question type is for other questions that are NOT "advantages and disadvantages" or "causes/problems and solutions". Thus, I call them "Others".

"Advantages and disadvantages" and "causes/problems and solutions" have their own category because they are both common IELTS questions.

This third question type is for questions that contain 2 expository questions but does not fit Type 1 or Type 2.

4. Opinion

QN: "Every year several languages die out. Some people think that this is not important because life will be easier if there are fewer languages in the world.

To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?"

QN: "Due to science and technology, lifestyles of people across the world are becoming more and more similar.

Do you think this is a positive or negative development?"

There are two versions to this question type as illustrated above. One version "states an opinion then asks you whether you agree or disagree."

The second version "states a fact then asks you if you think this is positive or negative."

5. Discussion

QN: "Some people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this.

Discuss both these views and give own your opinion."

This question states two contradictory opinions then asks you to "Discuss both these views and give your own opinion."

6. Advantages and Disadvantages - Opinion Version

QN: "Some experts believe that it is better for children to begin learning a foreign language at primary school rather than secondary school.

Do the advantages of this outweigh the disadvantages?" (Academic IELTS)

QN: "Some people prefer to live in a house, while others feel that there are more advantages to living in an apartment.

Are there more advantages than disadvantages of living in a house compared with living in an apartment?" (General Training IELTS)

This question type is similar to the first question type. The difference is that this is the "opinion" version while the first question type is the "expository" version.

If you look at the first question type, all the question asks is to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of something. However, this question is an "opinion" question that asks you to take a position. You need to state whether you think the advantages outweigh (are more than) the disadvantages or the disadvantages outweigh (are more than) the advantages.

In other words, you cannot just state the advantages and disadvantages. You need to also state your position on which outweighs which. Note: the Academic IELTS phrasing uses the word "outweigh" while the General Training IELTS phrasing uses the word "more". The phrasing may be different but the way to answer the questions are similar.

7. Two-Part Expository and Opinion

QN: "In most parts of the world, people are living longer than before.

What are the reasons for this? Is this a positive or negative development?"

QN: "Increasing the price of petrol is the best way to solve growing traffic and pollution problems.

To what extent do you agree or disagree? What other measures do you think might be effective?"

Like the first 3 types of questions, there are two parts to this question. For the first 3 types of questions, both the questions are "expository" questions. However, for this 7th type, one question is "expository" and one question is "opinion". If you look at the above two questions, you would see the "expository" questions: "What are the reasons for this?" and "What other measures do you think might be effective?". Then, you would see the "opinion" questions: "Is this a positive or negative development?" and "To what extent do you agree or disagree?"

Writing Tips

1. Out of all 7 types, the second (Causes and Solutions), the third (Opinion) and the fourth (Discussion) are the most common question types. 2. It is important that every IELTS student is familiar with these 7 types of questions. Once you are familiar with them, you can then formulate a plan to answer each type. 3. You can't trust all the IELTS essay questions you read online. This is because students who share their exam questions wrote it from memory. As a result, a lot of questions are phrased wrongly. Please DO NOT base your IELTS preparation on wrong IELTS questions!

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IELTS Discuss Both Views Essay: tips, common mistakes, questions & essays

In this lesson we are going to look at how to answer an IELTS Discuss Both Views essay, also known as a 2 sided discussion essay.

You will learn about this IELTS Writing Task 2 essay, using authentic IELTS essay questions, plus the most common mistakes. And I will finish with an IELTS model essay written by me in response to a sample IELTS essay question. So let’s get started!

What Is Your Task?

In this IELTS question type, you are presented with 2 contrasting opinions on a particular topic. Your task is to discuss these two views AND give your own opinion on the topic.

Some people say History is one of the most important school subjects. Other people think that, in today’s world, subjects like Science and Technology are more important than History.

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

Cambridge IELTS 13 Academic Test 3

In this task, you are presented with two contrasting views on the topic of education, specifically, what are the most important school subjects.

• View 1: History is one of the most important school subjects
• View 2: “Subjects like” Science and Technology are more important than History

You need to do two things in this task:

• Present the reasons for each view
• Present your own view. (This can include saying what you think about each of the two views)

Let’s look at this task in more detail.

Firstly, you need to present the REASONS for each view.

• WHY do some people think that History is one of the most important school subjects?
• WHY do some people think that subjects like Science and Technology are more important than History?

To get a Band 7 or higher, you should try to present the reasons for each view in an objective way. i.e. you need to think about the argument from the viewpoint of the people who think this. What are the reasons for their view that History is one of the most important school subjects?

Here are a few reasons why these people may think this:

• You need to understand your country’s past if you can really understand your country today
• Understanding History gives you a shared cultural understanding with other people
• Because the study of History may require a lot of reading and writing, it helps you to develop literacy skills

I don’t necessarily agree with these reasons. I just think these may be the reasons why some people think History is so important.

And why do some people think that subjects like Science and Technology are more important that History? Here are a couple of possible reasons:

• the study of science and technology helps you to develop skills that are important in getting a job in today’s world
• it’s useful to have a good understanding of science to help you navigate the modern world (e.g. advanced in health and electronics)

It’s important to understand that the 2 views given in an IELTS test question are going to be sensible, reasonable views. They won’t be crazy ones, such as “some people think that playing computer games is one of the most important school subjects”! So there WILL be good reasons for these views. You just need to think about and explain what they are.

Secondly, you need to present your OWN view. Your opinion. You need to say what YOU think.

For a high band score, it’s a good idea to base your view on your discussion of the 2 views . You could point out the weaknesses or limitations of the view you disagree with, and suggest which view is stronger.

“Studying History can certainly boost literacy skills, but then so can any other subject requiring lots of reading and writing.”

“S cientific and technological subjects should be given priority in the curriculum because they help young people get well-paid jobs in modern companies.”

You can write sentences like these either at the end of each body paragraph, or in your final paragraph, where you present your own opinion.

How To Plan An IELTS Discuss Both Views Essay

If you are aiming for a high band score (band 7 and above) it is absolutely vital that you plan your essay. A good plan will help you to see if you have answered the question, developed your ideas and organised them BEFORE you start writing.

We’re going to plan an essay using my 4 Step Planning Process.

Step 1: Understand The Task

First, you need to make sure you understand exactly what you need to write about. So you need to read the question carefully, not quickly!

These three questions will help you to get a really clear understanding of your task:

What is the topic about?

What is the topic NOT about?

How should you respond to the topic?

Let’s go back to this essay question, and answer those 3 questions:

In a discuss both views essay, you have 2 contrasting ideas…but what OVERALL issue are both groups thinking about? In this task, it’s the most important school subjects . Some people think History is one of those important school subjects, but other people think that Science and Technology are the most important school subjects.

It’s also a good idea to quickly think about what the topic is NOT about, so you don’t start writing about those things. The task is NOT about university, it’s about school (so students aged between 5 and 18).

The instruction, “discuss both these views and give your own opinion” tells you how to respond to the topic. Make sure you do that! Don’t write an essay that only argues why History is important – that would be an opinion essay and this will limit your band score for Task Response to Band 5 at best.

Step 2: Decide Your Position

Next, you need to decide your position. In other words, you need to decide what you think.

In a discuss both views essay, your position is your discussion of the two views, plus your own view , so it’s a little more complicated than for other tasks.

When you discuss the two views, you need to present the reasons for the views. Why do these people take this view? But it’s also a good idea to point out any strengths or weaknesses in the 2 views, so that your own view comes through.

Step 3: Extend Your Ideas

When you decided your position, you may have started thinking about the reasons for your position, the reasons for your answer. In other words, WHY are you taking this view?

Giving reasons for your view is essential in an IELTS essay. In fact, all IELTS questions tell you to “give reasons for your answer”. So in Step 3, you need to think about your reasons a little more.

However, just presenting your reasons is not enough. You need to develop them.

The two best ways of developing your ideas is by:

• giving explanations of what you mean
• giving specific examples which illustrate what you mean

Together, these add more detail to your answer.

You MUST do this to get Band 7. If you fail to develop your ideas in detail, your band score for Task Response may be limited to Band 6.

Step 4: Structure Your Essay

The final step in the planning process is to structure your essay. This simply means deciding which main ideas to put in which paragraphs.

In a discuss both views essay, here’s the structure I would recommend:

• Paragraph 1: introduce essay
• Paragraph 2: present the reasons for the 1st view
• Paragraph 3: present the reasons for the 2nd view
• Paragraph 4: present your opinion

How To Write Your IELTS Discuss Both Views Essay

Let’s go through how to write the different parts of the essay.

How To Write The Introduction

In the introduction to an IELTS Discuss Both Views essay, you can do two things: introduce the main topic and the two views. (You can also present your opinion in a third sentence, but it is not essential.)

Introduce The Topic

You can begin with a background sentence which introduces your reader to the topic of the essay. This is not absolutely essential, but it helps to show the examiner that you understand the task.

In our example question above, the task presented us with 2 views:

“Some people say History is one of the most important school subjects. Other people think that, in today’s world, subjects like Science and Technology are more important than History.”

But what is the wider topic? What big topic are the 2 groups of people discussing?

It’s the most important school subjects.

So you could introduce the first sentence like this:

“There is often a lot of debate on the topic of the most important school subjects.”

or you could even write a question:

“What are the most important school subjects?”

If you find identifying the wider topic difficult, then don’t write this sentence. Just present the two views instead.

Introduce The 2 Views

Next, you need to introduce the two views.

The best way to do this is to paraphrase the two views in one sentence.

How To Paraphrase

Think about the meaning of the two views, and briefly rewrite them using your own words. Try not to use the same grammatical structures as in the essay question, and try to move language around. In other words, be flexible. This is important if you are aiming for a Band 7 or higher.

In the example essay question above, the two views are:

Here is one way of paraphrasing these views:

“Some people argue that one of the most essential subjects is History, while others disagree and want to see Science and Technology prioritised.”

or you could write about the “argument” rather than the “people”:

“One argument is that one of the most essential subjects is History, while another takes the view that Science and Technology should be prioritised instead.”

How NOT To Paraphrase

When you paraphrase, do NOT just change individual words with synonyms, or you will get some very strange sentences, e.g.

“Many citizens say the study of the past is among the most crucial educational topics. Other individuals ponder that, in nowadays earth, areas like scientific knowledge and technological skills are more essential than the past.”

DON’T DO THIS! It sounds unnatural and can be confusing.

Present Your Opinion

You could also add your own opinion as a third sentence, but I don’t think this is necessary. It’s better to get straight to the body.

Just start writing the body.

How To Write The Body Paragraphs

In an IELTS Discuss Both Views essay, you need to present the arguments for the two different views, plus your own opinion.

Write the arguments for each view in a separate paragraph.

When discussing the arguments for each view, the body paragraph should contain:

• A reason for the view (your main idea)
• A more detailed explanation of this reason
• An example which illustrates this reason

You can include a second reason for each view in the same paragraph.

How To Write The Conclusion (Opinion Paragraph)

In the conclusion to an IELTS Discuss Both Views essay, you need to do one thing:

• state your own opinion

The best way to do this is by pointing out the weaknesses in the view you disagree with, and the strengths of the view you agree with.

You do not need an additional paragraph which summarises your points again.

Common Mistakes in an IELTS Discuss Both Views Essay

These are the most common mistakes made by Test Takers when writing an IELTS Discuss Both Views essay:

• presenting too many reasons for each view: you MUST develop ALL of your ideas to get a high band score, so it’s best to present 1-2 reasons for each view and explain them all
• not giving your own opinion
• not writing your opinion in much detail. You should try to give some reasons for your view
• Writing an overly general statement about the topic in the introduction (e.g. “Healthcare is a topic of hot debate.”)
• Your main ideas are not explained and illustrated enough. You need to develop all of your ideas to get a band 7 and higher.
• Including ideas and information that does not directly answer the essay question
• Not fully understanding the essay question(s). This is often caused by reading the question quickly, not carefully.
• Using memorised phrases (e.g. “a hot topic”, “in a nutshell”, “my considered opinion”)
• Using “research studies” as examples: examples should illustrate your ideas, not prove them. 
• Trying to use rare or “novel” language: examiners are looking for groups of words used naturally, not rare words.

Sample IELTS Discuss Both Views Essay Questions

Some people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this.

Cambridge IELTS 8 Academic Test 1

Some people think that the teenage years are the happiest times of most people’s lives. Others think that adult life brings more happiness, in spite of greater responsibilities.

Cambridge IELTS 9 GT Test B

Some people believe that it is best to accept a bad situation, such as an unsatisfactory job or shortage of money. Others argue that it is better to try and improve such situations.

Cambridge IELTS 14 Test 1

Some people like to try new things, for example, places to visit and types of food. Other people prefer to keep doing things they are familiar with.

Discuss both these attitudes and give your own opinion.

Cambridge IELTS 16 General Training Test 2

Some people say that advertising is extremely successful at persuading us to buy things. Other people think that advertising is so common that we no longer pay attention to it,

Cambridge IELTS 15 Academic Test 3

Model IELTS Discuss Both Views Essays

Here is an IELTS Discuss Both Views Essay that I wrote in response to this task:

Some people say that now we can see films on our phones or tablets there is no need to go to the cinema. Others say that to be fully enjoyed, films need to be seen in a cinema.

Cambridge IELTS Book 13 General Training Test 3

Now that mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets have become more powerful and affordable, there is some debate as to whether there is a need any longer to go to the cinema to watch movies.

It’s certainly true that going to the cinema is not essential. The versatility and portability of these devices mean you can easily watch films while lying on your bed at home, sitting in a cafe or commuting to work or college. Moreover, online services such as Netflix provide low-cost and rapid access to a vast catalogue of movies, whereas cinemas only screen a handful of films at any one time.

However, there are strong arguments in favour of going to the cinema, foremost of which is that modern cinemas, such as IMAX, offer surround sound systems and huge screens, meaning that moviegoers are immersed in a movie, an experience that cannot be replicated by mobile devices. In addition, new movie releases tend to be exclusive to cinema chains, so if you want to watch the latest Bond or Batman movie on your tablet, you may have a long wait.

Personally, I think that while there are clear arguments for both views, someone’s preferences are likely to be influenced by the kind of movie they want to watch. Sci-fi and action movies, for example, are far more enjoyable in a cinema because of the special effects they include, whereas gentle romantic comedies or biopics can easily be enjoyed on a tablet or phone. It also depends on whether you want to watch movies with friends: it’s simply much easier to watch them together in a cinema rather than huddled over a small screen with a tiny speaker.

(282 words)

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IELTS Academic or General: Which is the Easiest Test?

• Last Updated On July 31, 2024
• Published In IELTS Preparation 💻

Having a stellar IELTS score is the key to moving to a foreign country to pursue higher education or a better lifestyle. The IELTS test is of two types: IELTS Academic (AC) and IELTS General Training (GT) . Candidates can take either of the tests based on their purpose of entering foreign countries such as the UK , Canada , Australia , New Zealand, or Ireland.

Table of Content

Both test types serve two different purposes. Over 3 million students attempt the IELTS test every year. The test scores are accepted by over 140 countries and 11,000 institutions across the world. 

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Basic differences at a glance: 

• The IELTS Academic is for academic purposes and assesses your English language capabilities to study and thrive in an academic environment. 
• The IELTS General Training test is for other general purposes and analyses your language capacity to sustain everyday circumstances.

While the IELTS Speaking and Listening modules remain the same for both the test types (Academic and General), the passages and question types vary from each other in the Reading and Writing modules.

Considering the differences in purpose and structure, it is important for you to understand both test types in detail. Let us compare and contrast to find which is the easiest one and which suits your purposes the best. 

IELTS Academic vs General Training: Major Differences

The IELTS Academic test is for candidates who want to pursue higher education in English-speaking countries. Since the language of instruction is primarily English in these countries, IELTS Academic ascertains the feasibility of the student to understanding course material during their higher studies.

On the other hand, IELTS General Training is typically asked as a requirement for non-English natives migrating to English-speaking countries. The IELTS General Training score is required by authorities to ensure that the applicant adequately speaks and understands English.

The format of both tests is almost the same. The first step is choosing which test best suits your needs and preparing for it accordingly. So, let’s take a closer look at them to see which one is most suited for you.

Which IELTS Test is Best For You? 

The best test for your journey depends upon the purpose of your trip. The test you need to take differs if you are a student or going to work. 

Below are some of the common purposes of moving abroad and the most appropriate tests for them. 

Below degree level	IELTS General
Undergraduate level	IELTS Academic
Postgraduate level	IELTS Academic
Doctorate	IELTS Academic
Post Doctoral	IELTS Academic
For Professional Registration	IELTS Academic
Migration	IELTS General
Work or training	IELTS General
Permanent Residency	IELTS General

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IELTS Academic VS IELTS General Training

Now let us compare both the test types in their format, structure, content, and purpose. This will help you understand both the test in detail.

Check out the comparison below:

	Primarily for university admissions (Bachelor’s, Master’s and PhD)	Primarily opted for work and immigration
	Based on Academics	Based on everyday situations
	4 (Reading, Writing, Speaking, and Listening)	4 (Reading, Writing, Speaking, and Listening)
	2 hours and 44 minutes	2 hours and 44 minutes
	Passages sourced from newspapers, magazines, or journals	Passages sourced from advertisements, instruction manuals, or guidebooks
	Task 1: Describe visual information Task 2: Essay Writing (on academic topics)	Task 1: Draft a letter Task 2: Essay Writing (on general topics)
	Most widely preferred	Limited
	INR 17,000	INR 17,000

Now let us look at each of the features individually.

Read More: All About IELTS 

IELTS Academic vs General: Test Format

IELTS Academic and IELTS General have a common Listening and Speaking test with different Reading and Writing tests. Hence, it is recommended that applicants understand the difference in the IELTS Academic and General Training exam formats.

Here is a detailed explanation of the difference in the Reading and Writing sections of both the tests.

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The duration and number of questions for the IELTS Reading test are the same for both the IELTS Academic Reading and IELTS General Training Reading tests. Both IELTS Academic and IELTS General candidates get 60 minutes to answer 40 questions set in the test.

You might come across some of the 14 different question sets in the IELTS Reading test.

The IELTS Reading question types are:

• Matching Headings
• Matching Paragraph Information
• Matching Features
• Matching Sentence Endings
• True/False/Not Given or Yes/No/Not Given
• Multiple Choices
• List of Options
• Choose a Title
• Short Answers
• Sentence Completion
• Summary Completion
• Table Completion
• Flow Chart Completion
•  Completion Diagrams

These questions assess the candidate’s ability to read, skim through passages, understand written English, and understand the logical argument. Here’s how both the tests are designed differently.

IELTS Academic Reading Test

The IELTS Academic Reading test has three long reading passages that assess the candidate’s factual, descriptive, and analytical knowledge.

Each long passage is followed by questions based on the test.

Questions in this paper range from matching headings and information, sentence formation and sentence completion, summarising, table and flowchart completion, and labeling flowcharts to subjectively answering short questions.

IELTS Academic Reading Test Overview:

	60 minutes
	40
	3
	3
	One mark for each right answer; no negative marking
	0-9

The passages in the exam are not specialised or in-depth but are generic and invoke interest. Each passage chosen for the exam is taken from journals, articles, magazines, and news media to assess the candidate’s ability to study in English.

Each correct answer is awarded one mark, while there is a penalty for spelling and grammatical errors.

IELTS General Training Reading Test

In stark contrast to the IELTS Academic Test, the IELTS General Training Reading test has multiple short passages and one long passage spread across three different sections.

IELTS General Reading Test Overview:

	60 minutes
	40
	3
	4-6
	One mark for each right answer; no negative marking
	0-9

The passages are distributed as follows:

• Section one: 2-3 short texts
• Section two: 2 short texts
• Section three: 1 long text

The test assesses the candidate for similar tasks as with the Academic Test in the first section. In the second section, the passages and questions are tailored to the realm of the workplace. Be prepared to answer questions in the context of job descriptions, workplace ethics, or staff training material.

The long passage will be slightly complicated compared to the Academic Test and test the candidate’s critical thinking, analytical, and instructive skills.

Each question carries one mark, and there is a penalty for spelling and grammar mistakes.

The IELTS Writin g Test is different from the IELTS Academic and IELTS General Writing tests. While both the test types consist of two tasks , the task types vary from one another. 

The word limit for task 1 is 150 words, and task 2 is 250 words .

Both tests are scheduled for 60 minutes . The recommended time for the first task is 20 minutes, and task 2 is 40 minutes.

Here’s how they differ.

IELTS Academic Writing Test

Get an overview of the IELTS Academic Writing Test: 

	60 minutes
	2
	Summarise/describe/explain the given (visual) information
	Essay Writing
	150 words
	250 words
	Writing Task 2 is worth twice as many marks as Task 1
	0-9

In the IELTS Academic Writing test, you have two tasks.

The tasks are:

• Task 1: You are asked to explain/summarise data presented in a table/chart/diagram/graph. Furthermore, you may be required to explain specific data, process the information, or draw a flowchart to reach a logical conclusion.
• Task 2: Task 2 is to give a written response to an argument in under 250 words. One crucial thing to remember is that the answer must not be articulated in bullets or pointers but thoughtfully written on the answer sheet. Additionally, the second task carries more marks than the first one.

IELTS General Training Writing Test

Get an overview of the IELTS General Writing Test: 

	60 minutes
	2
	Letter Writing
	Essay Writing
	150 words
	250 words
	Writing Task 2 is worth twice as many marks as Task 1
	0-9

The tasks for the IELTS General Training Writing tasks are below.

• Task 1: Compose a formal or informal letter requesting information or explaining a situation in 150 words.
• Task 2: In the second task, the candidates will have to write an essay to respond to an argument/problem in 250 words. You will be required to explain, request something, or defend your position to a specific authority. Relevant examples should back the ideas and viewpoints expressed here, and the writing style should be personal/formal based on the context.

The IELTS Speaking test remains the same for both Academic and General tests. The test does not differ in structure, format, or question types.

IELTS Speaking Test Overview:

	11-14 minutes
	3
	Introduction (4-5 min)
	Individual Long Turn/Cue Card (2-3 min)
	Discussion  (4-5 min)
	0-9

The Speaking test format comprises a verbal interview between the candidate and the examiner. All speaking tests are videotaped for efficient marking.

This portion assesses the English-speaking skills of the candidate and can last from 11 to 14 minutes .

This test component is divided into three sections , each designed to serve a distinct purpose in terms of interaction pattern, task input, and candidate output.

The IELTS Speaking parts are:

Part 1 (Interview): The examiner would ask broad questions about the individual, spanning from self-introduction to aspects like your interests, family, studies, and job. This round lasts around 4-5 minutes.

Part 2 (Individual Long Turn/Cue Card): This round is also the card IELTS Cue Card section . For this round, the candidate picks a card with a topic and has a generic talk over the subject. Candidates are given 1 minute to prepare for the topic and 2-3 minutes to speak. The examiner may follow up with questions on the subject.

Part 3 (Discussion): The examiner can question the candidate further about the topic covered in Part 2. This section lasts 4-5 minutes and allows the applicant to justify their opinions and discuss the topic in-depth.

The IELTS Listening section is the same for both the IELTS Academic and IELTS General tests.

You are expected to listen to four English recordings and answer a series of questions. Each recording is followed by 40 questions based on it.

	30 minutes
	40
	4
	10 minutes
	Chat, Monologue, Academic Conversations
	0-9

This test lasts 30 minutes in total. The primary goal of this segment is to understand the candidates’ capacity to comprehend critical concepts, factual information, and the viewpoints and attitudes of speakers.

The IELTS Listening recording is as follows:

• Recording 1 : The first recording would feature a chat between two people in a typical, everyday social setting.
• Recording 2 : The second recording is a monologue set in an ordinary social setting.
• Recording 3 : This recording is a conversation between four people in an educational or training setting.
• Recording 4 : Finally, a monologue on an academic subject will be played.

IELTS Academic VS IELTS General (Reading and Writing): Major Differences

The basic difference between the IELTS Academic test and the IELTS General Training test occurs in their Reading and Writing modules. 

Let us check the basic differences: 

• The IELTS Academic Reading test contains three long passages. Each passage is distributed into each section of the test. 
• The IELTS General Reading test contains 4-6 passages. 2-3 short passages are available in section 1, 1-2 short passages are there in section 2, and one long passage is available in section 3. 
• The reading passages in the IELTS Academic test are of different types, including descriptive, factual, and analytical texts, and can also contain charts, graphs, and diagrams.
• The reading passages in the IELTS General test are shorter and easier ones. They are mostly on general and everyday topics. 
• Task 1 in the IELTS Academic Writing test is to explain the given information. The information is mostly provided in graphs,m pie charts, or diagrams. 
• Task 1 is the IELTS General Writing test in letter writing. 

IELTS Academic vs General: Score Comparison

The test score for the IELTS exam is marked on a band scale of 1 to 9 for each part of the test – Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking. 

The total IELTS band score is determined by averaging the scores from all four modules, rounding to the nearest whole or half band. If the average score has a decimal of .25, it is rounded up to the next half band, and if it’s .75, it’s rounded up to the next whole band. If the average has any other fraction, the score is rounded down.

The IELTS band score and corresponding skill level are below:

9	Expert
8	Very good
7	Good
6	Competent
5	Modest
4	Limited
3	Extremely limited
2	Intermittent
1	Non-user
0	Did not attempt the test

Final Decision

Wondering which is easier, the IELTS Academic or General Training?

The final decision for your doubt between the IELTS Academic and General can be subjective. The easiest test for your plan can vary depending on the purpose of the journey.

Typically, the IELTS General Training test is likely to be less complicated than the Academic IELTS Test. Summarising a complicated graph or table can be more straightforward than writing a brief letter! 

The primary reason for this is that the Academic test requires expert comprehension skills and the ability to briefly summarise complex ideas precisely, clearly, and concisely. So, if you are preparing for the Academic test, then make sure you read and practice more texts and practice materials that are related to academic topics. Get a hang of the language usages and terms. 

The General Training Test is primarily based on the candidate’s ability to speak and understand English in a general social setting. However, it’s subjective to say since it varies from candidate to candidate. While preparing for your general test, make sure you read texts of different kinds, such as magazines, newspaper articles, and fictional pieces. 

Rather than ease, the need is more significant while making your decision. Consider the test type that is required for your plan.

IELTS General vs Academic: Which is Easy? Finding the best option for your study-abroad plan is important, and choosing the right guidance for your test is even more important. Leap’s IELTS Experts can aid you in your decision-making. Book a free call to get access to quality classes, practice tests, IELTS resources, and more.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q. should i enrol for the ielts academic or general training test.

A. If you intend to study at an undergraduate/postgraduate level/practise a profession, the Academic test is suitable. If you desire to relocate to an English-speaking country or study at an academic level lower than higher education, taking a General Training module is recommended. If you are still unclear, we recommend contacting the institution to which you are applying.

Q. How many questions are there in the IELTS General test?

A. The number of questions in the IELTS General test varies across each module. The number of questions are as follows:

– Writing Section – 2 tasks – Reading Section- 40 questions – Listening Section – 40 questions – Speaking Section – 3 parts

Q. How many questions are there in the IELTS General Training Writing Test?

A. There are two writing tasks in the IELTS General Training Writing Test. The first task is letter writing. You will have to draft a letter, either giving an explanation or asking for information. The minimum word limit for task 1 is 150 words. Task 2 is an essay question, and the minimum word limit is 250 words.

Q. Is the reading passage for the IELTS Academic Test complex?

A. The level of difficulty can vary according to your current level and the amount of preparation you take before attempting the test. The passages for the IELTS Academic Reading test are excerpts from magazines, newspapers, and journals. You will get three passages, followed by questions based on it. The texts are generally simpler and can be understood with ample practice and preparation.

Q. Can I take the General test for academic purposes?

A. Ideally, no. In general, the IELTS General Training test is for work, migration, and other purposes. For academic purposes, it is recommended to take the IELTS Academic test. It’s excellent to check with the college/university you are applying to.

Q. Are all the modules of the IELTS test held on the same day?

A. No, all the modules are not conducted on the same day. The Listening, Reading, and Writing tests are held on the same day. The Speaking test may fall on the same day as the other tests or any day up to a week before or after the test date. You can book your IELTS Speaking slot online on your preferred date and time.

Q. What are the important criteria to score well in your IELTS General test?

Your examiner determines your score based on a variety of factors. This includes how well you complete your task, the accuracy of your answer, the usage of grammatical structures, and your vocabulary. The usage of proper and different words and the comprehensiveness of your answers also matter.

Q. Can I exceed the word limit in the IELTS General test?

A. The rules for exceeding the word limit vary across modules. While exceeding your word limit is not an issue in your IELTS General Writing test, exceeding your word limit can be penalised for your Reading and Listening tests. Make sure you adhere to both the minimum and maximum word limits.

Q. Can I skip questions in the IELTS General Training test?

A. Yes, you are allowed to skip questions in your IELTS General Training test. If you find difficulty in answering a question, it is better to skip it rather than spend too much time on it. However, attempting as many questions as possible is recommended since you do not have any negative marking system for the test.

Q. Is the IELTS General Test easier than the IELTS Academic test?

A. The level of difficulty and easiness can vary depending on each individual’s potential. In general, the IELTS General test is considered easier than the IELTS Academic test. The General test assesses your English proficiency to sustain in a general English-speaking environment. In contrast, the Academic test analyses your language skills to study and sustain in an academic environment.

Q. Is there a negative marking in the IELTS test?

A. No, the IELTS test does not have a negative marking system. So, IELTS experts recommend attempting as many questions in your IELTS test. However, make sure you do not spend too much time on a difficult question. Instead, skip the question and move on to the next. In the end, if you get time, pick the question again and retry.

Know More about IELTS

Ielts practice test material.

Know more about IELTS

Get free speaking practice samples.

• Describe a Skill That you can teach other people
• Describe a Place you Visited Where the Air was Polluted
• Describe a Famous Person that you are Interested in
• Describe a Course That You Want to Learn
• Describe a Person who Solved a Problem in Smart Way
• Describe a Prize That You Received
• Describe a Volunteering Experience You Have Had
• Describe a Piece of Good News
• Describe Something you Taught to Your Friend
• Talk About an Interesting Old Person you Met Recently
• Describe a Dinner you Really Enjoyed
• Describe a Story or Novel That Was Interesting to You
• Describe a Time When you Shared Something with Others
• Describe a Toy you Liked in Childhood
• Describe an Interesting Neighbour
• Describe a Competition You Would Like to Take Part In
• Describe an interesting activity that you remember enjoying most in your Primary School
• Describe Your Childhood Friend
• Describe an Object You Find Particularly Beautiful
• Describe a Place Where you are Able to Relax
• Describe a person you know who likes to talk a lot
• Describe a place where you would like to go to relax
• Describe a period when you were busy
• Describe a long-term goal you would like to achieve
• Describe a situation when you helped someone
• Describe a job you would not like to do in the future
• Describe a time when you used a map
• Describe a skill that you learned in your childhood
• Describe an unusual holiday you had
• Describe an exciting activity that you experienced with someone else
• Describe a person who is good at making people feel welcome in his/her home
• Describe A Time You Successfully Did Something Difficult
• Describe Something in Your Country That You Are Interested In
• Describe a Beautiful City
• Describe something you do regularly that helps you work and study better
• Describe a photo that you took and are proud of
• Describe a party that you enjoyed
• Describe a useful object in your home that you can’t live without
• Describe a good advertisement that you think is useful
• Describe an occasion when someone or something made noise
• Describe a sportsperson that you admire
• Describe something that you picked up that was thrown by someone else
• Describe a time that something changed your life in good ways
• Describe a successful person who you once studied or worked with

Get Free Reading Practice Samples

• William henry perkin reading answers
• Why zoos are good reading answers
• Bioluminescence reading answers
• Classifying societies reading answers
• Artificial artists reading answers
• Jargon reading answers
• The Origins of Laughter Reading Answers
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• What's so Funny Reading Answers
• The Culture of Chimpanzee Reading Answers
• Clutter Bugs Beware Reading Answer
• Stepwells Reading Answers
• Glaciers Reading Answers

Get Free Writing Practice Samples

• Advantages and Disadvantages Essay with Sample Answers
• Agree and Disagree Essay with Sample Answers
• Problem Solution Essay Topic with Sample Answers
• Every year several languages die out
• Positive or Negative Development Essay with Sample Answers
• Honesty is the best policy essay
• Online shopping essay
• Environment essay topics
• Prevention is better than cure essay

Get Free Listening Practice Samples

• Family excursions listening answers
• Public library listening answers
• Hiring a public room listening answers
• Notes on social programme listening answers
• Accommodation request form listening answers
• Transport survey listening answers
• Mic house agency repairs listening answers
• Holiday rentals listening answer
• Job enquiry listening answers
• Homestay application listening answers
• Library information listening answers
• Free activities in the burnham area listening answers

IELTS Important Information

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• IELTS Speaking Cue Card
• IELTS Speaking Part 1
• IELTS Writing Task 1
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• Task 1 Pie Chart
• Task 1 Table Chart
• Task 1 Bar Graph
• Task 1 Line Graph
• Task 1 Diagram
• IELTS Computer Based Test
• IELTS Paper Based Test
• IELTS One Skill Retake
• IELTS for UKVI
• IELTS Vocabulary

IELTS Test Centre and Dates in India

• IELTS Test Centre and Dates in Hyderabad
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IELTS Reading Topics and Examples of Question Types

Updated On Aug 08, 2024

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To excel in IELTS Reading, practice different IELTS Reading topics regularly. Academic passages cover academic content, while General passages focus on daily life. Familiarize yourself with question types & use official materials to improve your skills.

Table of Contents

Overview of ielts reading topics, ielts reading topics, ielts reading questions, useful resources.

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Answering 40 questions in total from three to five different passages within just 60 minutes can be challenging if one is not prepared properly for IELTS Reading . This makes practising IELTS reading topics regularly necessary. It will help you to improve your reading skills as well as achieve a top IELTS band score .

Let’s look at the most common IELTS reading topics in the list below and make sure you practice them for your benefit.

The IELTS exam covers a wide range of reading topics to assess the candidate’s ability to read and understand different types of text. The most common IELTS reading topics are related to include natural sciences, environmental issues, socio-economic and technological changes and cultural phenomena.

Since IELTS Academic is taken by candidates preparing to apply to a foreign university, the IELTS reading topics for this exam are usually related to academic setting or professional purposes and are taken from journals, books and newspapers. On the other hand, the reading topics of IELTS General are mostly simpler texts taken from advertisements, company handbooks or magazines as it is meant to evaluate the reading abilities of candidates migrating to English-speaking countries.

Let us look at the IELTS reading topics list along with IELTS reading examples for IELTS Reading in general, as well as for IELTS Academic and IELTS General separately.

General IELTS Reading Topics

You will come across passages and questions across multiple categories like environment, science, social issues, business, daily life, and hobby. The table below will list various IELTS Reading topics and subtopics.

Environment
History and Culture
Science and Technology
Social Issues
Education
Business and Economics
Technology and Society
Health and Well-being
Sports and Fitness
Literature and Language
Politics and Governance
Urbanization and Infrastructure
Cultural Diversity
Global Issues

IELTS Reading Topics for Academic Exam

The topics for IELTS Academic Reading are academic in nature due to its intended purpose of examining the reading skills of undergraduate and postgraduate students. So, it ranges from general interest topics to subject-specific ones. Candidates have to solve questions from three different passages, each of which will be based on different topics.

Environment
History and Cultural Diversity
Science and Technology
Social and Global Issues
Literature and Language/Education
Business and Economics
Health, Sports & Well-being
Fashion & Society
Food
Others

IELTS Reading Topics for General Exam

In IELTS General Reading , there are 2 shorter passages each in the first two sections and one long passage in the third section. The topics in this exam will not be academic. Rather, they are mostly related to daily life and the workplace.

Travels & Transport
Technology & Business
Education & Culture
Workplace
Environment & Global Issues
Health & Sports
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Process Oriented

Besides knowing about the IELTS Reading topics, it is also necessary to know the IELTS reading questions types. Since the question types are similar in both Academic and General Reading exams, therefore, let us learn about them and be prepared for more IELTS Reading practice tests .

• IELTS reading multiple-choice questions
• True/False/Not Given IELTS Reading
• IELTS Reading Yes/No/Not Given
• IELTS Reading Matching Headings to Paragraph
• Matching Information IELTS Reading
• IELTS Reading Matching Features
• IELTS Reading Matching Sentence Endings
• IELTS Reading Sentence Completion
• IELTS Reading Summary Completion
• Diagram Completion IELTS Reading
• Short Answer Questions IELTS Reading
• IELTS Reading Table Completion / Note Completion/Flow-Chart Completion

Download the IELTS Reading questions and answers PDF for a better practice!

We know that practising without feedback from IELTS experts can be ineffective. So, you can sign up for our free demo session and talk to an experienced IELTS expert for guidance.

• IELTS Reading keyword techniques
• IELTS Exam Preparation tips
• Common spellings errors in IELTS
• How to complete IELTS Reading in less than 1 hour
• Useful IELTS Reading Website Resources & material for both Academic & General Training Module
• 101 IELTS Reading Past Papers With Answers PDF Download
• 15 Days’ Practice for IELTS Reading (PDF) with Answers (General And Academic)
• IELTS Listening Reading and Writing Answer Sheet
• Should You Use All Capital Letters in the IELTS Listening and Reading Tests
• Calculating General and Academic Band Scores
• Time management in IELTS Reading – A key to get a high band score
• IELTS Reading Band Score Chart: What You Need to Know

Frequently Asked Questions

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